Photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic modules

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology and discloses a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic cell includes a guiding region and a direct-connection region. A current collector structure is provided at the end of the direct-connection region away from the guiding region, and the current collector structure is electrically connected to a conductor. Multiple first grid lines are provided in the guiding region, and the conductor and the first grid lines are all connected. Multiple second grid lines are provided in the direct-connection region, and the current collector structure and the second grid lines are all connected, with the resistance of the conductor being less than that of the second grid lines of the same length. By connecting the grid lines to the current collector structure in different ways in the guiding region and the direct-connection region, the total resistance of the photovoltaic cell is reduced. This reduces the total resistance of current transmission within the photovoltaic cell while maintaining the overall power generation of the photovoltaic cell, thereby reducing the overall heat generation power of the cell. Using this cell, series connection and parallel connection in the Y direction of the cells can be achieved with a single connecting wire, which helps to mitigate the hot spot effect and reduce the risk of power generation problems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic cells have evolved from early 2BB and 3BB cells to today's ultra-multiple-busbar (e.g., 16BB-18BB) and even 0BB (no busbar). The core objective is to increase the amount of silver paste used while improving light-receiving area and conductivity by increasing the number of busbars and reducing the width of individual busbars. For example, 0BB technology can save 30% of silver paste and reduce shading loss by eliminating the main busbar and retaining only fine grids or dotted connections.

[0003] However, with the improvement of cell efficiency and the increase in power generation, the current thermal effect has become more and more intense, resulting in significant safety risks.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a photovoltaic cell and photovoltaic module to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic module that can alleviate the hot spot effect and reduce safety risks.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A photovoltaic cell includes a guiding region and a direct connection region. A current collector structure is disposed at the end of the direct connection region away from the guiding region. The current collector structure is electrically connected to a conductor and is used for electrical connection between multiple photovoltaic cells.

[0008] The guiding area is provided with multiple first grid lines, and the conductor and the first grid lines are connected. The current received by the first grid lines can flow into the current collection structure through the conductor.

[0009] Multiple second grid lines are provided in the direct connection area. The current collection structure and the second grid lines are connected. The current received by the second grid lines can flow directly into the current collection structure, and the resistance value of the conductor is less than that of the second grid lines of the same length.

[0010] Preferably, the guide area and the direct connection area are arranged along a preset first direction, the first grid line extends along a preset second direction, and multiple first grid lines are arranged at intervals along the preset first direction, wherein the preset first direction and the preset second direction are perpendicular.

[0011] The second grid line extends along the preset first direction, and multiple second grid lines are arranged at intervals along the preset second direction.

[0012] Preferably, the current collector structure is electrically connected to a plurality of conductors, which are arranged at intervals along the preset second direction, and each of the first grid lines is connected to a plurality of conductors.

[0013] Preferably, the length of the first gate line between two adjacent conductors is no more than twice the length of the second gate line.

[0014] Preferably, the current collection structure includes multiple pads, and each end of the conductor located in the direct connection area is connected to one of the pads.

[0015] Preferably, the current collection structure further includes a current collection grid line, the length direction of which is arranged along the preset second direction, and the current collection grid line and the second grid line are connected.

[0016] Preferably, along a preset third direction, the photovoltaic cell has a guiding area, a direct connection area, a conductor, and a current collection structure on both sides, and the preset third direction, the preset first direction, and the preset second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0017] Preferably, the current collection structure located on one side of the photovoltaic cell is located at one end of the photovoltaic cell along the preset first direction, and the current collection structure located on the other side of the photovoltaic cell is located at the other end of the photovoltaic cell along the preset first direction.

[0018] Preferably, the current collection structure includes multiple pads, with the pads located on one side of the photovoltaic cell along the preset second direction being spaced apart from and staggered from the pads located on the other side of the photovoltaic cell.

[0019] A photovoltaic module includes a plurality of photovoltaic cells as described above, wherein the plurality of photovoltaic cells are arranged in parallel in at least two columns, wherein a connecting wire is welded between the current collection structures of two adjacent photovoltaic cells in one column, and the connecting wire is welded to the current collection structure of the photovoltaic cells in the other column.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By connecting the grid lines to the current collector structure in different ways in the guiding region and the direct connection region, on the one hand, the current generated in the direct connection region can be transmitted to the current collector structure through a shorter path, thereby reducing the total resistance of each second grid line. On the other hand, the current generated in the guiding region can be transmitted to the current collector structure through the conductor. The resistance of the conductor is controlled based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor, which is much smaller than that of the second grid lines of the same length. This effectively replaces the welding wire used in conventional photovoltaic module encapsulation to weld the main grids of the cells into strings. Therefore, the total resistance from the first grid line through the conductor to the current collector structure is also less than the total resistance from the second grid line to the current collector structure. Thus, while maintaining the overall power generation of the photovoltaic cell, the total resistance of current transmission within the photovoltaic cell is reduced, thereby reducing the overall heat generation power of the cell and mitigating the hot spot effect, thus reducing the risk of power generation. Furthermore, using this cell, the series connection and parallel connection in the Y direction of the cells can be achieved with a single connecting wire, which can help mitigate the hot spot effect and reduce the risk of power generation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the conventional multi-busbar welding wires connected in series in the existing technology;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a side view of the photovoltaic cell in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of the photovoltaic cell in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a rear view of the photovoltaic cell in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a front view of a photovoltaic cell comprising multiple independent units according to this utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the photovoltaic cell in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shingled connection in the photovoltaic module of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point D;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting wire connection in the photovoltaic module of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic module of this utility model.

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 100' Existing solar cells; 101' Existing welding wire;

[0033] 1. Photovoltaic cell; 101. Guiding area; 102. Direct connection area;

[0034] 11. First gate line; 12. Second gate line; 13. Conductor; 14. Current collector structure; 141. Pad; 142. Bus gate line;

[0035] 21. Connecting wire; 22. Busbar; 23. Lead wire. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," "fixed," and "abutting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and "left," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the conventional multi-busbar welding wire string connection in the prior art, with reference to... Figure 1 As shown, multiple existing solar cells 100' are connected in series by existing welding wires 101'. In actual use, these existing solar cells 100' have relatively high internal resistance, and the photovoltaic module formed by series connection results in low photovoltaic module efficiency. Moreover, once shading occurs, the single-channel physical characteristics of the series unit make it prone to the "weakest link" effect, generating hot spots and posing a fire risk.

[0041] The following is based on the appendix Figure 2 To be continued Figure 10 This invention introduces the photovoltaic cell 1 and photovoltaic module provided by this utility model.

[0042] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic cell 1 mainly includes a silicon wafer and grid lines, as well as current collector structures 14 disposed on both sides of the photovoltaic cell 1. The silicon wafer, as the core carrier for photoelectric conversion, is an N-type or P-type doped silicon wafer (such as TOPCon or HJT technology), achieving efficient separation of photogenerated carriers through the built-in electric field of the PN junction. The grid lines are distributed in various regions of the silicon wafer, capable of collecting and conducting current. The current collector structures 14 are electrically connected to the grid lines, concentrating and transmitting the current conducted by each grid line, and enabling conductive connections between the photovoltaic cell 1 and other components (such as another photovoltaic cell 1) through the current collector structures 14.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic cell 1 includes a guiding region 101 and a direct connection region 102, both of which are capable of photoelectric conversion. The grid lines include first grid lines 11 and second grid lines 12. Multiple first grid lines 11 are disposed within the guiding region 101, capable of conducting the current generated within the guiding region 101. Multiple second grid lines 12 are disposed within the direct connection region 102, also capable of conducting the current generated within the direct connection region 102. The aforementioned current collector structure 14 is disposed at the end of the direct connection region 102 away from the guiding region 101, and all second grid lines 12 are welded to and electrically connected to the current collector structure 14, allowing the current conducted by the second grid lines 12 to directly flow into the current collector structure 14. Meanwhile, the current collector structure 14 is also electrically connected to a conductor 13. The conductor 13 and the first grid line 11 are both connected, so that the current conducted by the first grid line 11 can flow directly into the current collector structure 14 through the conductor 13, and the resistance value of the conductor 13 is much smaller than that of the second grid line 12 of the same length (for example, the conductor 13 achieves a lower resistance value based on the control of the cross-sectional area).

[0044] It should be noted that some solar cells use a structure that eliminates the main grid and retains only the fine grid, similar to the direct connection region 102 mentioned above. This results in a significant increase in the grid line resistance in this type of solar cell. Furthermore, due to the increase in power generation, the current flowing through the grid lines increases, which further leads to an increase in the overall heat generation power of the solar cell and a more severe hot spot effect. In this embodiment, by connecting the grid lines to the current collector structure 14 in different ways in the guide region 101 and the direct connection region 102, on the one hand, the current generated in the direct connection region 102 can be transmitted to the current collector structure 14 through a shorter path, thereby reducing the total resistance value of each second grid line 12. On the other hand, the current generated in the guide region 101 can be transmitted to the current collector structure 14 through the conductor 13. The conductor 13 is designed based on the cross-sectional area to control the reduction of the resistance value, and its resistance value will be much smaller than that of the second grid line 12 of the same length. Therefore, the total resistance value from the first grid line 11 through the conductor 13 to the current collector structure 14 is also less than the total resistance value from the second grid line 12 to the current collector structure 14. Thus, while maintaining the power generation of the entire photovoltaic cell 1, the total resistance value of the current transmission in the photovoltaic cell 1 is reduced, thereby reducing the overall heat generation power of the cell and also helping to improve the CTM (cell-to-module) output efficiency of the cell.

[0045] It should be noted that there are several ways to set the resistance value of conductor 13 to be much smaller than that of the second grid line 12 of the same length. For example, setting the cross-sectional area of ​​conductor 13 to be larger than that of the second grid line 12, or using a material with lower resistance to form conductor 13, can both reduce the resistance value of conductor 13. Preferably, in this embodiment, conductor 13 is made of copper, or silver-plated copper, copper-tin-lead plated, etc., and is installed on the photovoltaic cell 1 using mature processes such as electroplating, printing, sintering, and welding. This connects the first grid line 11 and the current collector structure 14 with a lower resistance value, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic cell. Optionally, the cross-sectional area of ​​conductor 13 gradually increases along the direction away from the guide region 101, so that the resistance value can meet the current flow requirements of different areas on conductor 13, and effectively reduce the material cost of conductor 13. This effectively allows the welding wires for the multi-busbar welding of the module to be pre-implanted through the cell manufacturing process, simplifying the process requirements at the module manufacturing end.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the guiding area 101 and the direct connection area 102 are arranged along a preset first direction (as shown by the X-axis in the figure), and the first grid line 11 extends along a preset second direction (as shown by the Y-axis in the figure). Multiple first grid lines 11 are arranged at intervals along the preset first direction. The second grid line 12 extends along the preset first direction, and multiple second grid lines 12 are arranged at intervals along the preset second direction. The preset first direction and the preset second direction are the length direction and the width direction of the photovoltaic cell 1, respectively. The two directions are perpendicular to each other, so that the first grid line 11 and the second grid line 12 can efficiently cover the first area and the second area, achieving the effect of saving materials and improving collection efficiency. In the current cell manufacturing scheme, the first grid line 11 and the second grid line 12 are both made of conventional positive silver, while the conductor 13 is based on electroplated copper, which can achieve a relatively economical process. With the optimization of the cell manufacturing process, the cell manufacturing scheme can also be made to use electroplated copper as the main material for the first grid line, the second grid line 12 and the conductor 13, with a silver-coated copper surface. This will further reduce the consumption of positive silver, making it more economical, and can maintain a sufficiently high cell efficiency and the output efficiency of the module packaging end.

[0047] Meanwhile, in order to further reduce the resistance value from the guide region 101 to the current collecting structure 14, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic cell 1 is also provided with multiple conductors 13. Continuing to refer to... Figure 3 As shown, multiple conductors 13 are arranged at intervals along a preset second direction, and each conductor 13 passes through the guide region 101 and the direct connection region 102 along a preset first direction. Within the guide region 101, each first grid line 11 is connected to multiple conductors 13, thereby ensuring that any point within the guide region 101 has a small resistance value to the current collector structure 14.

[0048] Preferably, the length of the first gate line 11 located between two adjacent conductors 13 (as shown by L1 in the figure) is no greater than twice the length of the second gate line 12 (as shown by L2 in the figure). Figure 3 Taking point K as an example, point K is located on the first grid line 11. Current originates from point K and flows along a preset second direction into the conductors 13 on both sides before reaching the current collector structure 14. At this point, the resistance encountered by the current as it flows through the first grid line 11 will not exceed the resistance encountered when the current flows through the second grid line 12. In other words, by reasonably setting the spacing between adjacent conductors 13 and optimizing the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductors 13, the resistance encountered by the current as it flows through the first grid line 11 can be further reduced, thereby further reducing the heat generation power of the solar cell itself.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the current collector structure 14 includes a busbar 142, the length direction of which is arranged along a preset second direction, and the busbar 142 is electrically connected to the second grid line 12 in the second region, thereby realizing the transmission of current generated in the second region. Furthermore, the current collector structure 14 also includes multiple pads 141, which protrude from the photovoltaic cell 1 and are electrically connected to the busbar 142. The multiple pads 141 are arranged along the preset second direction, and each conductor 13 is welded to a pad 141 at the end of the direct connection area 102, thereby realizing the transmission of current generated in the first region. Due to its protruding arrangement, the pads 141 can be easily welded to electrical connectors, thereby concentrating the transmission of current generated by the photovoltaic cell 1.

[0050] Figure 4 It is along Figure 2 The rear view of photovoltaic cell 1, indicated by arrow B in the middle, is as follows: Figures 2 to 4 As shown, along a preset third direction (as shown by the Z-axis in the figure), a guiding area 101, a direct connection area 102, a conductor 13, and a current collection structure 14 are provided on both sides of the photovoltaic cell 1. The preset third direction is perpendicular to both the preset first direction and the preset second direction. This preset third direction is the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell 1. That is, the photovoltaic cell 1 has a guiding area 101, a direct connection area 102, a conductor 13, and a current collection structure 14 on both sides, thereby enabling it to generate electricity at a higher power.

[0051] Preferably, the current collector 14 located on one side of the photovoltaic cell 1 along the thickness direction is located at one end of the photovoltaic cell 1 along a preset first direction, and the current collector 14 located on the other side of the photovoltaic cell 1 along the thickness direction is located at the other end of the photovoltaic cell 1 along the preset first direction. This arrangement allows multiple photovoltaic cells 1 to be easily combined in a shingled manner to form a photovoltaic module, thereby further improving power generation and space utilization.

[0052] It should be noted that, Figure 2 , Figure 3 The image shows a single unit of a photovoltaic cell 1, and a photovoltaic cell 1 may include at least one single unit. Therefore, referring to... Figure 5 As shown, the specific number of the guiding region 101 and the direct connection region 102 in a photovoltaic cell 1 is not limited in this utility model. As long as each independent unit includes only one guiding region 101 and one direct connection region 102, and the independent unit includes the above-mentioned current collection structure 14 and conductor 13, then it falls within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] Figure 6 It is along Figure 2 A bottom view of photovoltaic cell 1, indicated by arrow C. Preferably, as shown... Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, along a preset second direction, the pad 141 on one side of the photovoltaic cell 1 is spaced apart and staggered from the pad 141 on the other side of the photovoltaic cell 1. Since the substrate of the photovoltaic cell 1 is mostly silicon and relatively thin (e.g., 0.13 mm), its structural strength is low. If the projections of the pads 141 on both sides of the photovoltaic cell 1 overlap along the preset second direction, after welding, the multiple photovoltaic cells 1 connected in a string are prone to damage during transportation, installation, and use if subjected to external force or thermal expansion and contraction due to outdoor temperature changes. By spaced apart and staggered along the preset second direction, during welding, by placing welding material between the pads 141 of the two photovoltaic cells 1, the pads 141 on both sides are welded to a portion of the welding material. This allows the welding material itself to generate elastic deformation space around the preset second direction when the photovoltaic cell 1 is subjected to external force, thereby reducing the possibility of silicon material breakage.

[0054] For example, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, photovoltaic cells 1 are arranged in a shingled manner along a preset fourth direction (as shown by the M axis in the figure) and welded together to form a photovoltaic module. A connecting wire 21 connects one photovoltaic cell 1 to another, and the connecting wire 21 serves as a solder material to weld to the pads 141 of the two photovoltaic cells 1 respectively. The pads 141 on both sides are spaced apart and staggered along a preset second direction, so that at least a portion of the connecting wire 21 is simultaneously separated from the pads 141 on both sides. When one of the photovoltaic cells 1 is subjected to external force, the portion of the connecting wire 21 not connected to the pads 141 can generate deformation space around the preset second direction, thereby reducing the external force on the silicon material and reducing the probability of damage to the photovoltaic cell 1. The setting of the connecting wire 21 can also replace the existing welding module that includes a large number of solder wires, greatly reducing the difficulty of connecting multiple photovoltaic cells 1, which is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost of photovoltaic modules. A single long connecting wire 21 connects multiple battery cell units in parallel and enables circuit interconnection, ultimately realizing multiple channels along a preset second direction in the internal circuit of the photovoltaic module.

[0055] This utility model also provides a photovoltaic module, which includes a plurality of the aforementioned photovoltaic cells 1. For example... Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, multiple photovoltaic cells 1 are arranged in columns along a preset fourth direction, and along a preset second direction, the photovoltaic module includes at least two columns of photovoltaic cells 1. Along the preset fourth direction, busbars 22 are provided at both ends of the photovoltaic module. The busbars 22 can be connected to pads 141, and the busbars 22 are connected to leads 23, thereby realizing the collection and output of current.

[0056] In each column, the aforementioned connecting wire 21 is welded between the pads 141 of two adjacent photovoltaic cells 1, and the connecting wire 21 extends along a preset second direction and is welded to the pads 141 of two corresponding photovoltaic cells 1 in another column. Through the connecting wire 21, two columns of photovoltaic cells 1 can be welded together and electrically connected, forming a multi-channel electrical connection structure, which helps to avoid hot spot phenomena. At the same time, the setting of the connecting wire 21 also helps to make the photovoltaic module more aesthetically pleasing and improve appearance consistency. Based on the multi-channel module design, and due to the physical multi-channel automatic current shunting function, the bypass diode design of conventional photovoltaic modules can be eliminated. The module's junction box will no longer need a built-in bypass diode, simplifying the design and manufacturing of the module.

[0057] More specifically, in this photovoltaic module, multiple photovoltaic cells 1 are connected in series along a preset first direction (or can also be understood as along a preset fourth direction) and in parallel along a preset second direction, forming a multi-channel photovoltaic module mode. The encapsulation method adopts a stacking method, which is achieved through the aforementioned connecting wires 21. Simultaneously, other channels along the preset second direction are connected in parallel, effectively solving the pain points of long fine grid line paths and poor CTM in conventional stacking processes. Furthermore, based on the multi-channel interconnection design, it also overcomes the "weakest link" phenomenon that occurs in conventional string modules when encountering shading, and the phenomenon of localized hot spots no longer occurs. Even when the entire photovoltaic module is exposed to shading such as bird droppings, leaves, and dust outdoors, the hot spot temperature remains around 100 degrees Celsius, far lower than the high temperature phenomenon of conventional string modules on the market.

[0058] Furthermore, using a single connecting wire 21 to achieve the series connection of multiple photovoltaic cells 1 along a preset first direction and the parallel connection of multiple photovoltaic cells 1 along a preset second direction, the overall integrated stacked + multi-channel interconnected module product will have the ultimate module conversion efficiency; it will also have the ultimate aesthetic appearance; it will also have a very economical competitive advantage in terms of overall module design BOM and manufacturing cost; it will also have a higher power generation gain of 5%+ in outdoor power plants, especially ground power plants; the uniformity of the cell temperature inside the photovoltaic module is also better when operating outdoors; and because the internal design of the module does not require bypass diodes, the overall reliability and safety will be better improved.

[0059] In this photovoltaic module, by connecting the grid lines of the photovoltaic cell 1 to the current collector structure 14 in different ways in the guide region 101 and the direct connection region 102, on the one hand, the current generated in the direct connection region 102 can be transmitted to the current collector structure 14 through a shorter path, thereby reducing the total resistance value of each second grid line 12. On the other hand, the current generated in the guide region 101 can be transmitted to the current collector structure 14 through the conductor 13. The resistance value of the conductor 13 is much smaller than that of the second grid line 12 of the same length. Therefore, the total resistance value from the first grid line 11 through the conductor 13 to the current collector structure 14 is also less than the total resistance value from the second grid line 12 to the current collector structure 14. Thus, while maintaining the overall power generation of the photovoltaic cell 1, the total resistance value of the current transmission in the photovoltaic cell 1 is reduced, thereby reducing the overall heat generation power of the cell.

[0060] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cell, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cell (1) includes a guiding region (101) and a direct connection region (102). A current collector structure (14) is provided at one end of the direct connection region (102) away from the guiding region (101). The current collector structure (14) is electrically connected to a conductor (13). The current collector structure (14) is used for electrical connection between multiple photovoltaic cells (1). The guide area (101) is provided with multiple first grid lines (11), and the conductor (13) and the first grid lines (11) are connected. The current received by the first grid line (11) can flow into the current collection structure (14) through the conductor (13). Multiple second grid lines (12) are provided in the direct connection area (102). The current collection structure (14) and the second grid lines (12) are connected. The current received by the second grid line (12) can flow directly into the current collection structure (14), and the resistance value of the conductor (13) is less than that of the second grid line (12) of the same length.

2. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide area (101) and the direct connection area (102) are arranged along a preset first direction, the first grid line (11) extends along a preset second direction, and multiple first grid lines (11) are arranged at intervals along the preset first direction, the preset first direction and the preset second direction are perpendicular to each other; The second grid line (12) extends along the preset first direction, and multiple second grid lines (12) are arranged at intervals along the preset second direction.

3. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The current collector structure (14) is electrically connected to a plurality of conductors (13), which are arranged at intervals along the preset second direction, and each of the first grid lines (11) is connected to a plurality of conductors (13).

4. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the first gate line (11) between two adjacent conductors (13) is no more than twice the length of the second gate line (12).

5. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The current collection structure (14) includes multiple pads (141), and each of the conductors (13) located at the end of the direct connection area (102) is connected to one of the pads (141).

6. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The current collection structure (14) further includes a current collection grid line (142), the length direction of which is arranged along the preset second direction, and the current collection grid line (142) and the second grid line (12) are connected.

7. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along a preset third direction, the photovoltaic cell (1) is provided with a guide area (101), a direct connection area (102), a conductor (13) and a current collection structure (14) on both sides, and the preset third direction, the preset first direction and the preset second direction are perpendicular to each other.

8. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The current collection structure (14) located on one side of the photovoltaic cell (1) is located at one end of the photovoltaic cell (1) along the preset first direction, and the current collection structure (14) located on the other side of the photovoltaic cell (1) is located at the other end of the photovoltaic cell (1) along the preset first direction.

9. The photovoltaic cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The current collection structure (14) includes multiple pads (141). Along the preset second direction, the pads (141) located on one side of the photovoltaic cell (1) are spaced apart from and staggered from the pads (141) located on the other side of the photovoltaic cell (1).

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The device includes a plurality of photovoltaic cells (1) as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the plurality of photovoltaic cells (1) are arranged in at least two columns, wherein a connecting wire (21) is welded between the current collection structures (14) of two adjacent photovoltaic cells (1) in one column, and the connecting wire (21) is welded to the current collection structure (14) of the photovoltaic cells (1) in the other column.

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