A yield estimation device for crop harvesting

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of crop planting, and disclose a yield estimation device for crop harvesting, including harvester and install in the estimation subassembly of harvester grain outlet, the estimation subassembly includes the casing, the inside of casing is provided with winnowing component, the winnowing component includes jar body. This yield estimation device for crop harvesting, through the setting of winnowing component, can utilize airflow to separate straw chaff and dust and other impurities after the wheat grain enters the estimation subassembly, ensure the purity of the subsequent weighing wheat grain, and through two storage barrels are received respectively, cooperate heating pipe and stirring component realize the drying function of wheat grain, obtain the weighing data of not drying and drying respectively and each other as control group, can calculate the actual moisture content of wheat grain through comparing two groups of data, and then according to the wheat yield in unit area, the standard weight after drying is calculated, make the estimated yield more close to the dry weight state when actually entering the warehouse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crop planting technology, specifically to a yield prediction device for crop harvesting. Background Technology

[0002] Crop yield forecasting is an essential piece of agricultural intelligence for the country to formulate agricultural policies. Timely and accurate forecasting can provide effective support for agricultural management and is also an urgent need for the development of precision agriculture. As a major crop, wheat yield forecasting is of great significance for grain reserve planning and market regulation.

[0003] Traditional crop yield estimation devices typically divide the unit area into multiple equal-area plots when estimating wheat yield per unit area. Several plots are selected for parallel comparison data. The wheat in each plot is harvested, and the average weight is multiplied by the number of plots to estimate the total yield per unit area. However, the data obtained from the above operation has certain errors. First, wheat harvested by machine contains straw fragments, dust, and other impurities, which affect the quality of the test data. Second, crop yield is usually counted for storage, but wheat has a high moisture content when it is freshly harvested and cannot be stored directly. Therefore, the total yield calculated by the above operation has a certain error compared with the actual required prediction value. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a yield estimation device for crop harvesting, which has the advantages of accurate weighing data and a predicted yield that is closer to the actual yield entering the warehouse, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a yield prediction device for crop harvesting, comprising a harvester and a prediction component installed at the harvester's grain outlet. The prediction component includes a housing, inside which is an air separation component. The air separation component includes a tank, the input end of which penetrates the housing and is connected to the harvester's grain outlet. The output end of the tank is fixedly connected to a conveying pipe, inside which is an auger. A T-junction is installed at the top of the conveying pipe, and a collection bin is installed below the other two ports of the T-junction. A bracket is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the housing, and the collection bin is installed on the upper surface of the bracket. A weighing module is installed on the upper surface of the bracket and connected to an external control device. A heating pipe is installed on the outer surface of the collection bin on the right side and connected to an external heating device.

[0006] Furthermore, a flow guide pipe is rotatably connected inside the three-way pipe, and a flow guide motor is installed on the side of the three-way pipe, with the output end of the flow guide motor connected to the three-way pipe.

[0007] Through the above scheme, the guide motor can drive the guide tube to rotate inside the three-way pipe, thereby switching the falling path of the wheat grains and allowing the wheat grains to enter the two collection bins separately. When it is necessary to weigh the wheat grains, the guide motor controls the guide tube to guide the wheat grains into one of the collection bins. The weighing module detects the weight of the wheat grains in the collection bin and transmits the data to the external control device. When it is necessary to dry the wheat grains to remove moisture, the guide motor turns the guide tube to the other collection bin equipped with a heating element. The heating element heats and dries the wheat grains under the action of an external heating device. Then, the weighing module completes the weighing operation, providing a reliable data basis for yield prediction.

[0008] Furthermore, an outer protective sleeve is fixed to the outside of the storage bucket located on the right side, and the heating tube is located inside the outer protective sleeve. A top plate is fixed to the top of the storage bucket located on the right side, and a stirring motor is installed on the upper surface of the top plate. A stirring rod is installed at the output end of the stirring motor.

[0009] Through the above scheme, the outer sheath can protect the heating tube and reduce heat loss to improve heating efficiency. When the stirring motor is working, it drives the stirring rod to rotate in the storage tank, stirring the wheat grains being dried, so that the wheat grains are heated more evenly, preventing local wheat grains from scorching due to prolonged heating, ensuring that the moisture content of the dried wheat grains is uniform, and further improving the accuracy of the weighing data.

[0010] Furthermore, a lifting motor is installed at the bottom end of the conveying pipe, and the output end of the lifting motor is connected to the auger.

[0011] The above solution improves the efficiency of wheat grain transport. When the motor is working, it drives the auger to rotate inside the conveying pipe, which will transport the wheat grains output from the tank upwards into the three-way pipe. The spiral blade structure of the auger can stably push the wheat grains, avoiding blockage or accumulation during the conveying process, and ensuring the continuity and smoothness of wheat grain conveying.

[0012] Furthermore, the air separation component also includes a conical distribution cylinder disposed inside the tank body. The side of the conical distribution cylinder is fixed to the tank body by a connecting rod. The opening of the conical distribution cylinder faces downward. A settling hopper is disposed inside the conical distribution cylinder. A discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the settling hopper. The discharge pipe passes through the tank body and the shell and is connected to the outside. An air suction pipe is disposed inside the settling hopper. The other end of the air suction pipe passes through the settling hopper and the tank body. An air pump is installed on the inner wall of the shell body. The input end of the air pump is connected to the air suction pipe. An air inlet is opened on the side of the tank body.

[0013] With the above scheme, when wheat grains enter the tank from the harvester's discharge port, they first fall into the conical distribution cylinder. The downward-facing design of the conical distribution cylinder allows the wheat grains to fall evenly. At this time, the air pump starts, generating negative pressure in the settling hopper through the suction pipe. Simultaneously, outside air enters the tank from the air inlet on the side of the tank, forming an upward airflow. During the falling process, lighter impurities such as straw fragments and dust are carried into the settling hopper by the rising airflow and then extracted from the tank by the air pump through the suction pipe. Heavier wheat grains, due to gravity, pass through the airflow and fall to the bottom of the tank, and then enter the subsequent processing stage through the conveying pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a partition plate is fixed to the inner wall of the housing, the air separator is located on one side of the partition plate, the storage bucket is located on the other side of the partition plate, and a ventilation grille is provided on the side of the housing where the air separator is located.

[0015] Through the above scheme, the partition plate divides the internal space of the shell into an air separation area and a weighing and drying area, effectively avoiding the pollution or interference of dust and impurities generated during the air separation process on precision components such as the weighing module and heating tubes, ensuring the independence and stability of the operating environment of each component. The ventilation grille provides a good air circulation channel for the air separation components, ensuring that outside air can smoothly enter the tank to participate in the air separation process. At the same time, it also facilitates the discharge of air containing impurities drawn out by the air pump to the outside of the shell, maintaining the air pressure balance inside and outside the shell, and avoiding the impact of poor airflow on the air separation effect.

[0016] Furthermore, a door panel corresponding to the storage bucket is installed on the side of the housing.

[0017] With the above method, after the device has finished weighing a batch of wheat grains, the operator can open the door panel, remove the storage bin from the support, clean the storage bin, and ensure that the inside of the storage bin is clean to avoid residual substances affecting the accuracy of the next test data.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects: This yield estimation device for crop harvesting, through the setting of an air separation component, first performs air separation on wheat grains after they enter the estimation component, using airflow to separate straw fragments, dust and other impurities, ensuring the purity of wheat grains when weighed subsequently. At the same time, two collection bins are used to collect the wheat grains separately, and together with heating tubes and stirring components, the wheat grains are dried. The weighing data of undried and dried grains are obtained separately and used as a control group. By comparing the two sets of data, the actual moisture content of the wheat grains can be calculated, and then the standard weight after drying can be estimated based on the wheat grain yield per unit area, making the estimated yield closer to the actual dry weight at the time of storage. In addition, the entire estimation process is carried out synchronously with the harvester, eliminating the need for additional manual sampling steps, which greatly improves the timeliness and comprehensiveness of yield estimation, and provides efficient and accurate technical support for the refined yield management of large-scale planting areas. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present application; Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall casing of this application; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the overall shell of this application; Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the side view of the overall storage bucket in this application; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the overall wind separation component of this application.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Harvester; 2. Predictive components; 3. Housing; 4. Air separation assembly; 401. Tank body; 402. Conical distribution cylinder; 403. Settling hopper; 404. Discharge pipe; 405. Suction pipe; 406. Air pump; 407. Air inlet; 5. Conveying pipe; 6. Screwdriver; 7. T-pipe; 8. Storage bucket; 9. Support frame; 10. Heating pipe; 11. Guide pipe; 12. Guide motor; 13. Outer sheath; 14. Top plate; 15. Stirring motor; 16. Stirring rod; 17. Lifting motor; 18. Divider plate; 19. Ventilation grille; 20. Door panel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 5This embodiment provides a yield estimation device for crop harvesting, comprising a harvester 1 and an estimation component 2 installed at the grain outlet of the harvester 1. The estimation component 2 includes a housing 3, inside which is an air separation component 4. The air separation component 4 includes a tank 401. The input end of the tank 401 passes through the housing 3 and is connected to the grain outlet of the harvester 1. The output end of the tank 401 is fixedly connected to a conveying pipe 5. An auger 6 is installed inside the conveying pipe 5. A three-way pipe 7 is installed at the top of the conveying pipe 5. A collection bucket 8 is installed below the other two ports of the three-way pipe 7. A bracket 9 is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the housing 3. The collection bucket 8 is installed on the upper surface of the bracket 9. A weighing module is installed on the upper surface of the bracket 9. The weighing module is connected to an external control device. A heating pipe 10 is installed on the outer surface of the collection bucket 8 on the right side. The heating pipe 10 is connected to an external heating device.

[0023] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 A guide pipe 11 is rotatably connected inside the three-way pipe 7. A guide motor 12 is installed on the side of the three-way pipe 7, and the output end of the guide motor 12 is connected to the three-way pipe 7. The guide motor 12 can drive the guide pipe 11 to rotate inside the three-way pipe 7, thereby switching the falling path of the wheat grains so that the wheat grains can enter the two collection bins 8 respectively. When it is necessary to weigh the wheat grains, the guide motor 12 controls the guide pipe 11 to guide the wheat grains into one of the collection bins 8. The weighing module detects the weight of the wheat grains in the collection bin 8 and transmits the data to the external control device. When it is necessary to dry the wheat grains to remove moisture, the guide motor 12 turns the guide pipe 11 to the other collection bin 8 equipped with a heating tube 10. The heating tube 10 heats and dries the wheat grains under the action of an external heating device. The weighing operation is then completed through the weighing module, providing a reliable data basis for production forecasting. An outer protective sleeve 13 is fixed to the outside of the storage bucket 8 on the right side, and the heating tube 10 is located inside the outer protective sleeve. A top plate 14 is fixed to the top of the storage bucket 8 on the right side, and a stirring motor 15 is installed on the upper surface of the top plate 14. A stirring rod 16 is installed at the output end of the stirring motor 15. The outer protective sleeve 13 can protect the heating tube 10 and reduce heat loss to improve heating efficiency. When the stirring motor 15 is working, it drives the stirring rod 16 to rotate inside the storage bucket 8, stirring the wheat grains being dried, so that the wheat grains are heated more evenly, preventing local wheat grains from scorching due to prolonged heating, ensuring that the moisture content of the dried wheat grains is uniform, and further improving the accuracy of the weighing data.

[0024] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5A lifting motor 17 is installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe 5. The output end of the lifting motor 17 is connected to the auger 6. When the lifting motor 17 is working, it drives the auger 6 to rotate inside the conveying pipe 5, conveying the wheat grains output from the tank 401 upwards into the three-way pipe 7. The spiral blade structure of the auger 6 can stably push the wheat grains, avoiding blockage or accumulation during the conveying process, and ensuring the continuity and smoothness of the wheat grain conveying. The air separation component 4 also includes a conical distribution cylinder 402 set inside the tank 401. The side of the conical distribution cylinder 402 is fixed to the tank 401 by a connecting rod. The opening of the conical distribution cylinder 402 faces downwards. A settling hopper 403 is set inside the conical distribution cylinder 402. The bottom end of the settling hopper 403 is fixedly connected to the discharge pipe 404. The discharge pipe 404 passes through the tank 401 and the shell 3 and connects to the outside. A suction pipe 405 is set inside the settling hopper 403. The other end of the suction pipe 405 passes through the settling hopper 403. The settling hopper 403 and the tank body 401 are connected. An air pump 406 is installed on the inner wall of the shell 3. The input end of the air pump 406 is connected to the suction pipe 405. An air inlet 407 is opened on the side of the tank body 401. When wheat grains enter the tank body 401 from the grain outlet of the harvester 1, they first fall into the conical distributing cylinder 402. The downward-facing design of the conical distributing cylinder 402 can make the wheat grains fall evenly. At this time, the air pump 406 is started, and the air is drawn through the suction pipe 405 into the settling hopper 403. A negative pressure is generated inside the tank 401. At the same time, outside air enters the tank 401 from the air inlet 407 on the side of the tank 401, forming an upward airflow. During the fall of the wheat grains, lighter impurities such as straw fragments and dust will be carried by the rising airflow into the settling hopper 403. Then, they will be drawn out of the tank 401 by the air pump 406 through the suction pipe 405. The heavier wheat grains will fall into the bottom of the tank 401 due to gravity and enter the subsequent processing stage through the conveying pipe 5.

[0025] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5A partition plate 18 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 3. The air separation component 4 is located on one side of the partition plate 18, and the storage bin 8 is located on the other side of the partition plate 18. A ventilation grille 19 is provided on the side of the housing 3 where the air separation component 4 is located. The partition plate 18 divides the internal space of the housing 3 into an air separation area and a weighing and drying area, effectively preventing dust and impurities generated during the air separation process from contaminating or interfering with precision components such as the weighing module and heating tube 10, ensuring the independence and stability of the operating environment of each component. The ventilation grille 19 provides a good air circulation channel for the air separation component 4. To ensure that outside air can smoothly enter the tank 401 to participate in the air separation process, and at the same time facilitate the discharge of air containing impurities drawn out by the air pump 406 to the outside of the shell 3, the air pressure balance inside and outside the shell 3 is maintained, and the air separation effect is avoided due to poor airflow. The side of the shell 3 where the collection bin 8 is located is equipped with a door panel 20 corresponding to the collection bin 8. After the device completes the weighing of a batch of wheat grains, the operator can open the door panel 20, remove the collection bin 8 from the bracket 9, and clean the collection bin 8 to ensure that the inside of the collection bin 8 is clean and to avoid residual substances affecting the accuracy of the next test data.

[0026] It should be noted that when selecting the harvesting area, to avoid the machine trampling the outer wheat fields, if a middle area needs to be selected, the wheat fields that need to be passed through should be harvested first. At the same time, to avoid the wheat in the middle area receiving better fertilizer and irrigation conditions than the wheat in the edge areas during the wheat's growth process, the sampling proportion of the edge areas can be appropriately increased when selecting the area. This ensures that the sample can comprehensively reflect the growth status of the entire wheat field and reduce the prediction error caused by regional differences. In addition, to improve the representativeness of the sampling, random sampling can be used to determine the location of the area, avoiding the subjective influence of human selection, so that the selected area can be evenly distributed throughout the planting area, further ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the yield prediction results.

[0027] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: When the device is in actual operation, the crops harvested by the harvester 1 enter the air separation component 4 of the estimation component 2 through the grain outlet. After the air pump 406 is started, a negative pressure is formed in the settling hopper 403 through the suction pipe 405. Outside air enters the tank 401 from the air inlet 407 and forms an airflow exchange with the falling wheat grains. Impurities such as straw fragments are carried into the settling hopper 403 by the airflow and discharged through the suction pipe 405. The pure wheat grains fall into the bottom of the tank 401. Then, the lifting motor 17 drives the auger 6 to rotate, and the wheat grains are conveyed upward along the conveying pipe 5 to the three-way pipe 7. The guide motor 12 drives the guide pipe 11 to rotate according to the operation requirements, so that the wheat grains enter the corresponding collection bucket 8.

[0028] When the wheat grains enter the left-side storage bin 8, the weighing module directly weighs them and transmits the data to the control device. When they enter the right-side storage bin 8, the heating tube 10 heats the wheat grains under the action of the heating device, while the stirring motor 15 drives the stirring rod 16 to stir the wheat grains, ensuring uniform heating. After drying, the weighing module weighs them again, obtaining the weighing data of undried and dried grains respectively, and using them as a control group. By comparing the two sets of data, the actual moisture content of the wheat grains can be calculated, and then the standard weight after drying can be estimated based on the wheat grain yield per unit area, making the estimated yield closer to the actual dry weight state when entering the warehouse. In addition, the entire estimation process is carried out synchronously with the harvester 1, without the need for additional manual sampling steps, which greatly improves the timeliness and comprehensiveness of yield estimation, and provides efficient and accurate technical support for the refined management of yield in large-scale planting areas.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0030] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A yield prediction device for crop harvesting, comprising a harvester (1) and a prediction component (2) installed at the grain outlet of the harvester (1), characterized in that: The estimation component (2) includes a housing (3), and an air separation component (4) is provided inside the housing (3). The air separation component (4) includes a tank (401). The input end of the tank (401) passes through the housing (3) and is connected to the grain outlet of the harvester (1). The output end of the tank (401) is fixedly connected to a conveying pipe (5). An auger (6) is installed inside the conveying pipe (5). A three-way pipe (7) is installed at the top of the conveying pipe (5). A collection bucket (8) is provided below the other two ports of the three-way pipe (7). A bracket (9) is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the housing (3). The collection bucket (8) is installed on the upper surface of the bracket (9). A weighing module is installed on the upper surface of the bracket (9). The weighing module is connected to an external control device. A heating pipe (10) is installed on the outer surface of the collection bucket (8) on the right side. The heating pipe (10) is connected to an external heating device.

2. The yield prediction device for crop harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the three-way pipe (7) is rotatably connected to a flow guide pipe (11), and a flow guide motor (12) is installed on the side of the three-way pipe (7). The output end of the flow guide motor (12) is connected to the three-way pipe (7).

3. The yield prediction device for crop harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer sheath (13) is fixed to the outside of the storage bucket (8) located on the right side. The heating tube (10) is located inside the outer sheath. A top plate (14) is fixed to the top of the storage bucket (8) located on the right side. A stirring motor (15) is installed on the upper surface of the top plate (14). A stirring rod (16) is installed at the output end of the stirring motor (15).

4. The yield prediction device for crop harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting motor (17) is installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe (5), and the output end of the lifting motor (17) is connected to the auger (6).

5. The yield prediction device for crop harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air separation component (4) further includes a conical distribution cylinder (402) disposed inside the tank body (401). The side of the conical distribution cylinder (402) is fixed to the tank body (401) by a connecting rod. The opening of the conical distribution cylinder (402) faces downward. A settling hopper (403) is disposed inside the conical distribution cylinder (402). The bottom end of the settling hopper (403) is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (404). The discharge pipe (404) passes through... The tank (401) and shell (3) are connected to the outside. The sedimentation bucket (403) is equipped with a suction pipe (405). The other end of the suction pipe (405) passes through the sedimentation bucket (403) and the tank (401). An air pump (406) is installed on the inner wall of the shell (3). The input end of the air pump (406) is connected to the suction pipe (405). An air inlet (407) is opened on the side of the tank (401).

6. The yield prediction device for crop harvesting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the housing (3) is fixed with a partition plate (18), the air separation component (4) is located on one side of the partition plate (18), the storage bucket (8) is located on the other side of the partition plate (18), and the side of the housing (3) where the air separation component (4) is located is provided with a ventilation grille (19).

7. The yield prediction device for crop harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the housing (3) containing the storage bucket (8) is fitted with a door panel (20) corresponding to the storage bucket (8).

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