A small grain harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a small -size coarse grain harvester relates to the production field of coarse grain, the harvester includes: the harvester main part is provided with the walking wheel in the bottom, the harvester main part front end is provided with first box body and second box body along the sequence of the direction of travel, the first box body is connected with electric telescopic link in the upper wall, and one end of electric telescopic link is away from the upper wall in the first box body and is connected with the lateral wall of second box body through connecting rod, the top of second box body is provided with motor, and the bottom below of second box body is provided with blade, and the output of motor is connected with the blade through the transmission shaft of second box body. The utility model overcomes the defect that the traditional harvester blade is fixed and can not be adjusted, realizes the real -time adjustment blade cutting height in the process of advancing, makes the same equipment adapt to the harvesting demand of different coarse grain, and improves equipment utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coarse grain production, specifically to a small coarse grain harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Coarse grains mainly include small-grained grains such as millet, sorghum, buckwheat, sorghum, oats, and quinoa. These crops generally exhibit drought and poor soil tolerance, and are rich in dietary fiber and trace elements, possessing significant nutritional and economic value. Because coarse grains have low soil fertility requirements and strong adaptability, their main planting areas are concentrated in hilly and mountainous regions with complex terrain and thin soil layers. The fragmented plots, steep slopes, and rugged roads in these areas present significant operational obstacles for large combine harvesters.

[0003] Existing technology CN205694340U discloses a mechanized harvesting device for mung beans, including harvesting blades, a fixed baffle, an adjusting switch, and a reel. The harvesting blades are distributed below the fixed baffle, and a guiding device is located in front of the fixed baffle. This prior art is relatively small in size, suitable for operation in small plots, and overcomes the drawbacks of large tools being unable to perform the task. However, it uses blades of a fixed height, which is not suitable for harvesting miscellaneous grains because:

[0004] The height of the ears varies significantly at different maturity stages (e.g., millet ears droop to 20-30cm above the ground, while sorghum ears reach 50-100cm), and the plant height within the same plot often varies due to the micro-topography of mountainous areas. Fixed-height blades are ill-suited to these variations. For example, when harvesting low-growing grains, the blades may cut into the ears or miss them entirely, resulting in losses; while on undulating terrain, they may cut into the soil, affecting blade life. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a small grain harvester with adjustable blade height, thereby improving the harvester's operational adaptability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a small grain harvester, the harvester comprising: a harvester body, a walking wheel provided at the bottom of the harvester body, a first box and a second box arranged sequentially at the front end of the harvester body along the direction of travel, an electric telescopic rod connected to the upper wall of the inner wall of the first box, and the end of the electric telescopic rod away from the upper wall of the inner wall of the first box being connected to the side wall of the second box through a connecting rod;

[0007] A motor is installed at the top of the second housing, and a blade is installed at the bottom of the second housing. The output end of the motor is connected to the blade through a drive shaft that passes through the second housing.

[0008] In this invention, an electric telescopic rod is installed in the first housing. When the electric telescopic rod extends or retracts, it drives the second housing to rise or fall under the action of the connecting rod, thereby realizing the adjustment of the vertical height of the blades. This allows the harvester to adapt to the ear height of different grain crops, improving the utilization rate and harvesting efficiency of the harvester.

[0009] Furthermore, the first housing has a vertically extending guide groove on its side wall facing the second housing, and a slider is sleeved on the connecting rod, the slider being slidably embedded in the guide groove.

[0010] When the electric telescopic rod drives the connecting rod to move, the slider slides vertically along the guide groove. Due to the constraint of the guide groove, the second box is prevented from swaying horizontally during the lifting process, thus ensuring the cutting effect.

[0011] Furthermore, the harvester also includes a handrail located at the rear end of the harvester body, and a controller is installed on the handrail, which is connected to the electric telescopic rod.

[0012] The controller allows the operator to adjust the height of the blades while the harvester is in motion, improving ease of operation.

[0013] Furthermore, a crop guiding device is provided at the front end of the second box. The crop guiding device includes a first guide and a second guide arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides, and a V-shaped guiding channel that opens in the direction of travel is formed between the first guide and the second guide.

[0014] The first and second guides utilize the principle of a tapering channel to guide the dispersed plants to the blade working area. That is, when the harvester moves forward, the V-shaped opening captures the stems on both sides of the direction of travel, causing them to converge towards the center, thus increasing the area of ​​a single cut.

[0015] Furthermore, both the first guide and the second guide are provided with a shovel plate at their front bottom, and the shovel plate is inclined backward and downward relative to the horizontal surface.

[0016] The shovel plate generates an upward force during its movement, lifting the fallen plants to the cutting height. At the same time, the backward tilt design prevents the shovel plate from scooping up soil and causing blockages.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle between the shovel plate and the ground is 20°~30°, and the end of the shovel plate is provided with several straightening teeth at intervals.

[0018] Among them, the straightening teeth comb through the gaps between the teeth when the shovel lifts the plant, solving the problem of tangling caused by the plant falling over and improving the efficiency of subsequent cutting.

[0019] Furthermore, an anti-tangling cover is fixed to the bottom of the second housing, and the anti-tangling cover is located above the blade.

[0020] Among them, the anti-tangling cover can prevent stems or weeds falling along the travel route from contacting the blades, thus preventing these debris from getting tangled in the drive shaft and causing blockages or jamming.

[0021] Furthermore, the anti-tangling cover includes an outer cover and an inner cover arranged in parallel, both of which are mesh structures, and the mesh diameter of the outer cover is smaller than that of the inner cover.

[0022] The outer cover uses small-diameter mesh to block falling stems or weeds, while the inner cover uses large-diameter mesh to allow debris generated by the cutting blades below to pass through. After passing through the inner cover, the debris rebounds due to the obstruction of the outer cover and is then thrown laterally along the interlayer of the cover under the influence of the cutting airflow and inertia. This invention not only solves the problem of debris clogging the anti-tangling cover, but also facilitates airflow and prevents excessive negative pressure in the blade working area because both the outer and inner covers are mesh structures. If the anti-tangling cover uses only a single-layer structure, it cannot block debris from above when the aperture is too large, and it cannot effectively discharge debris when the aperture is too small.

[0023] Furthermore, the inner cover includes a horizontal surface and an inclined surface. One end of the horizontal surface is connected to the second housing, and the other end is connected to the inclined surface. The inclined surface is inclined downward and forms an obtuse angle with the horizontal surface, and the mesh diameter of the inclined surface is smaller than the mesh diameter of the horizontal surface.

[0024] This invention divides the inner cover into a horizontal surface and an inclined surface, with the inclined surface forming an obtuse angle with the horizontal surface to conform to the trajectory of the flying debris rebound. The large mesh openings on the horizontal surface facilitate the passage of flying debris, while the small mesh openings on the inclined surface block back suction, preventing the flying debris from being sucked back a second time due to eddies in the blade area.

[0025] Furthermore, the drive shaft is detachably connected to the blade.

[0026] The detachable connection allows for quick and easy blade replacement in the field to accommodate different types of grains.

[0027] One or more technical solutions provided by this utility model have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0028] 1. This utility model overcomes the defect of traditional harvester blades being fixed and not adjustable, and realizes real-time adjustment of blade cutting height during movement, so that the same equipment can be adapted to the harvesting needs of different grains, thereby improving equipment utilization.

[0029] 2. This utility model, through the cooperation of V-shaped guide channels and shovels, when harvesting lodged crops, the shovels lift the stems, the V-shaped channels gather and disperse the plants, and the straightening teeth comb through the tangled stems, thus effectively improving the harvest rate of lodged crops.

[0030] 3. This utility model adopts a double-layer anti-entanglement cover protection mechanism. The outer layer with small holes blocks the stems, while the inner layer uses the inclined surface and mesh gradient, combined with the cutting airflow, to effectively discharge flying debris, reducing the probability of entanglement failure. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention, do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a side view of the structure of the small and medium-sized grain harvester of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the guide groove structure of the small and medium-sized grain harvester of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of the small and medium-sized grain harvester of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shovel plate of the small and medium-sized grain harvester of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-tangling cover for a small and medium-sized grain harvester according to this utility model;

[0037] Among them, 1-harvester body, 2-walking wheel, 3-first box, 4-second box, 5-electric telescopic rod, 6-connecting rod, 7-motor, 8-drive shaft, 9-blade, 10-guide groove, 11-slider, 12-handrail, 13-controller, 14-first guide, 15-second guide, 16-anti-entanglement cover, 160-outer cover, 162-horizontal plane, 163-inclined plane, 17-shovel plate. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this utility model and the features within them can be combined with each other.

[0039] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 This utility model provides a small grain harvester, comprising: a harvester body 1, with wheels 2 at the bottom of the harvester body 1; a first housing 3 and a second housing 4 sequentially arranged at the front end of the harvester body 1 along the direction of travel; the first housing 3 being fixedly connected to the harvester body 1, specifically by welding or bolting, which is not limited in this utility model. An electric telescopic rod 5 is connected to the upper inner wall of the first housing 3. Specifically, the fixed end of the electric telescopic rod 5 is fixed to the upper inner wall of the first housing 3 by a threaded connection; the end of the electric telescopic rod 5 away from the upper inner wall of the first housing 3 (i.e., the telescopic end) is connected to the side wall of the second housing 4 via a connecting rod 6. The connecting rod 6 and the electric telescopic rod 5 are connected by a sleeve, and the connecting rod 6 and the second housing 4 are connected by welding. A motor 7 is provided at the top of the second housing 4, and a blade 9 is provided at the bottom of the second housing 4. The output end of the motor 7 is fixedly connected to the blade 9 through a drive shaft 8 that passes through the second housing 4. Specifically, the output end of the motor 7 is connected to the flange of the drive shaft 8, and the drive shaft 8 is then connected to the flange of the blade 9. The drive shaft 8 passes through the second housing 4.

[0042] In this embodiment, the harvester body 1 mainly includes a main frame, a power system, and a transmission system, specifically designed according to existing technology CN205694340U. Its length is 120cm, width is 80cm, and height is 110cm, suitable for mountainous terrain. The walking wheels 2 are pneumatic rubber wheels (45cm in diameter). The distance between the first housing 3 and the second housing 4 is 15cm. The electric telescopic rod 5 is a DT-100 type with a stroke of 50cm and a thrust of 800N. The motor 7 is a 3kW three-phase asynchronous motor. The drive shaft 8 is a Φ25mm solid shaft, and the blade 9 can be made of 65Mn.

[0043] When in use, the working height of blade 9 is 15cm by default. If the crop to be harvested is sorghum, the electric telescopic rod will retract 35cm, raising the working height of the blade to 50cm to match the height of the sorghum ears.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2 The first housing 3 has a vertically extending guide groove 10 on its side wall facing the second housing 4, and a slider 11 is sleeved on the connecting rod 6, the slider 11 being slidably embedded in the guide groove 10.

[0045] In this embodiment, the slider 11 is a T-shaped copper block. When the telescopic rod is running, the slider slides along the guide groove, limiting the horizontal displacement of the second housing.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 3 The harvester also includes a handle 12 located at the tail end of the harvester body 1, and a controller 13 is installed on the handle 12. The controller 13 is connected to the electric telescopic rod 5.

[0047] In this embodiment, the controller 13 is model KCD-12, which integrates an up / down button. The controller 13 is connected to the electric telescopic pole 5 through a waterproof cable. The control method of the controller 13 on the electric telescopic pole 5 and the connection method between the controller 13 and the electric telescopic pole 5 are existing technologies, and this utility model does not impose too many limitations on them.

[0048] The second box 4 is provided with a crop guiding device at its front end. The crop guiding device includes a first guide 14 and a second guide 15 arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. A V-shaped guiding channel that opens in the direction of travel is formed between the first guide 14 and the second guide 15.

[0049] In this embodiment, the rear end convergence width of the first guide 14 and the second guide 15 is 20cm, the V-angle is 60°, and the front end protrudes 30cm from the blade during installation. The first guide 14 and the second guide 15 are fixed to the second housing 4 by welding.

[0050] The first guide 14 and the second guide 15 are both provided with a shovel plate 17 at their front bottom, and the shovel plate 17 is inclined to the rear and downward relative to the horizontal surface.

[0051] In this embodiment, the spade plate 17 is welded to the bottom of the guide and has a length of 25cm.

[0052] The angle between the shovel plate 17 and the ground is 20°~30°, and in this embodiment, 25° is preferred. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 4 The end of the shovel plate 17 is provided with a plurality of straightening teeth 18 at intervals.

[0053] In this embodiment, the straightening teeth 18 are Φ6mm round steel bars arranged at 2cm intervals. When the plant falls over, the straightening teeth will separate the sticky stems and straighten them.

[0054] The second housing 4 is fixed with an anti-entanglement cover 16 at its bottom, and the anti-entanglement cover 16 is located above the blade 9.

[0055] In this embodiment, the anti-tangling cover 16 is fixed to the bottom of the second box 4 by an L-shaped bracket, covering the area directly above the blade (gap 2cm), and is made of 304 stainless steel perforated plate.

[0056] Please refer to the following: Figure 5 The anti-tangling cover 16 includes an outer cover 160 and an inner cover arranged in parallel. Both the outer cover 160 and the inner cover are mesh structures, and the mesh diameter of the outer cover 160 is smaller than that of the inner cover.

[0057] In this embodiment, the outer cover has a 160 mesh size with a diameter of 0.5mm, which can effectively block stems or weeds from falling. The inner cover has a mesh size of 2mm or larger. The outer cover and the inner cover are set in parallel with a distance of 5cm between them. The cutting debris (particle size 2-10mm) passes through the inner cover, collides with the outer cover, bounces back, and is thrown off along the side of the interlayer.

[0058] The inner cover includes a horizontal surface 162 and an inclined surface 163. One end of the horizontal surface 162 is connected to the second housing 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inclined surface 163. The inclined surface 163 is inclined downward and forms an obtuse angle with the horizontal surface 162, and the mesh diameter of the inclined surface 163 is smaller than the mesh diameter of the horizontal surface 162.

[0059] In this embodiment, the mesh size of the horizontal plane 162 is Φ10mm, the mesh size of the inclined plane 163 is Φ2mm, and the included angle between the two is set to 120°.

[0060] The transmission shaft 8 and the blade 9 are detachably connected. The specific connection method can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and this utility model does not limit it.

[0061] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0062] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A small grain harvester, characterized in that, The harvester includes: a harvester body (1), a walking wheel (2) is provided at the bottom of the harvester body (1), a first box (3) and a second box (4) are arranged sequentially at the front end of the harvester body (1) along the direction of travel, an electric telescopic rod (5) is connected to the upper inner wall of the first box (3), and the end of the electric telescopic rod (5) away from the upper inner wall of the first box (3) is connected to the side wall of the second box (4) through a connecting rod (6); A motor (7) is provided at the top of the second housing (4), and a blade (9) is provided at the bottom of the second housing (4). The output end of the motor (7) is connected to the blade (9) through a drive shaft (8) that passes through the second housing (4). The bottom of the second box (4) is fixed with an anti-tangling cover (16), which is located above the blade (9); The anti-tangling cover (16) includes an outer cover (160) and an inner cover arranged in parallel. Both the outer cover (160) and the inner cover are mesh structures, and the mesh diameter of the outer cover (160) is smaller than that of the inner cover.

2. The small grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first box (3) has a vertically extending guide groove (10) on the side wall facing the second box (4), and a slider (11) is sleeved on the connecting rod (6), and the slider (11) is slidably embedded in the guide groove (10).

3. A small grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The harvester also includes a handrail (12) located at the tail end of the harvester body (1), and a controller (13) is installed on the handrail (12). The controller (13) is connected to the electric telescopic rod (5).

4. A small grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second box (4) is provided with a crop guiding device at the front end. The crop guiding device includes a first guide (14) and a second guide (15) arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. A V-shaped guiding channel that opens in the direction of travel is formed between the first guide (14) and the second guide (15).

5. A small grain harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the first guide (14) and the second guide (15) are provided with a shovel plate (17) at the bottom of their front ends, and the shovel plate (17) is inclined backward and downward relative to the horizontal surface.

6. A small grain harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle between the shovel plate (17) and the ground is 20°~30°, and the end of the shovel plate (17) is provided with a number of straightening teeth (18) at intervals.

7. A small grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cover includes a horizontal surface (162) and an inclined surface (163). One end of the horizontal surface (162) is connected to the second box (4), and the other end is connected to the inclined surface (163). The inclined surface (163) is inclined downward and forms an obtuse angle with the horizontal surface (162). The mesh diameter of the inclined surface (163) is smaller than the mesh diameter of the horizontal surface (162).

8. A small grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive shaft (8) is detachably connected to the blade (9).

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