A photovoltaic direct drive type grain bin intelligent temperature control system for flat warehouse

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic direct drive type granary intelligent temperature control system for flat warehouse belongs to the technical field of grain storage, including granary body, roof photovoltaic board and external refrigeration air conditioner, the granary body is equipped with annular main air pipe along the top of side wall, the air outlet pipe perpendicular to side wall, the circulation branch air pipe along the bottom of wall, the air suction pipe and the circulation fan of photovoltaic direct drive in, the air outlet pipe upper end is connected with main air pipe and extends to the bottom of grain heap, and its surface is equipped with gradient opening, and the circulation branch air pipe is horizontally connected with each air outlet pipe lower end, and the air suction pipe lower end is connected with circulation branch air pipe, and the fan is connected with the air suction pipe upper end through the hose. Adopt closed loop circulation path, and cold gas is distributed to the air outlet pipe from main air pipe, and through high density opening hole targeted cooling within 30cm high temperature grain layer from wall, and hot air is collected through bottom circulation branch air pipe, and is actively sucked and discharged by fan, and eliminates the high temperature deterioration area of side wall grain heap and bottom dead angle, and the cooling is even, and combines photovoltaic direct drive with distributed small power fan, and energy consumption is reduced greatly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of grain storage technology, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for flat warehouses. Background Technology

[0002] During the summer, when grain is stored in traditional flat warehouses, the temperature of the grain layer within 30cm of the warehouse wall can reach 30-33℃ due to the heat conduction caused by solar radiation. The temperature difference in the grain pile will cause moisture transfer, making it a high-risk area for insect and mold growth and quality deterioration.

[0003] In existing technologies, such as the patent publication number CN110301231B, a ventilation, heat insulation, and temperature control system based on a grain silo is disclosed. This system forms a low-temperature insulation zone by delivering cold air through air ducts installed on the inner side of the silo wall, thus blocking external heat from penetrating. However, this solution has the following drawbacks: the cold air only adheres to the surface of the silo wall to form an insulation layer and cannot actively draw out the high-temperature air that has accumulated in the grain layer 30cm away from the wall, resulting in the local grain temperature in this area still reaching 30℃-33℃; the cold air is delivered downwards from the air ducts above the silo wall, making it difficult to cover the bottom corners of the grain pile, especially in large single-unit flat grain silos, where the large area affected by sunlight easily creates local high-temperature dead zones, and the cold air penetration depth is insufficient. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing a photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for flat-roofed grain warehouses.

[0005] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: A photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for flat-roofed grain warehouses includes a grain warehouse body, photovoltaic panels laid on the roof of the grain warehouse body, and an external refrigeration air conditioner. The refrigeration air conditioner is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panels. The grain warehouse body is provided with an annular main air duct arranged along the top of the side wall, several air outlet ducts vertically fixed to the side wall, a circulating branch air duct arranged along the bottom of the side wall, a vertically arranged suction duct extending out of the grain pile, and a circulating fan electrically connected to the photovoltaic panels. The air outlet of the refrigeration air conditioner is connected to the main air duct, and the return air outlet of the refrigeration air conditioner faces upwards from the grain pile. The upper end of the air outlet duct is connected to the main air duct, and its lower end extends to the bottom of the grain pile. The surface of the air outlet duct has a gradient perforation structure, with the lower perforation density being higher than that of the upper part. The circulating branch air duct is horizontally connected to the lower end of each air outlet duct. The lower end of the suction duct is connected to the circulating branch air duct. The air inlet of the circulating fan is connected to the upper end of the suction duct through a flexible hose. The grain surface is covered with a grain surface film.

[0006] Preferably, the system also includes a dust removal mechanism, which includes a porous exhaust pipe connected to the outlet of the circulating fan, an isolation filter cover fitted over the porous exhaust pipe, and a discharge pipe located on the side wall of the grain silo body and extending out of the grain silo body. The porous exhaust pipe is connected to the discharge pipe, and an electromagnetic control valve is provided on the discharge pipe.

[0007] Preferably, in the gradient opening structure of the air outlet duct, the lower opening ratio is 30%-40%, the upper opening ratio is ≤20%, and the hole diameter is 10-15mm.

[0008] Preferably, a removable filter screen is fitted onto the inner wall of the air outlet duct.

[0009] Preferably, the circulating branch duct is fixed to the bottom of the grain silo by a positioning plate, with the upper end of the positioning plate pressing against the surface of the circulating branch duct.

[0010] Preferably, the grain silo body is provided with at least one air suction pipe at each of the four azimuth angles, and each air suction pipe is connected to a circulating fan with a power of ≥1.1kW.

[0011] Preferably, each circulating fan's outlet is connected to an independent dust removal mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the air outlet ducts are arranged with a spacing of ≤2 meters, and the annular main air duct is 0.5-1 meter above the grain surface.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. High-efficiency targeted cooling solves the problem of high temperature deterioration of the side walls. The gradient opening air outlet pipes (with a high opening rate at the bottom) set vertically along the silo wall form a closed loop with the bottom circulating branch air pipes. Combined with the active suction of the circulating fan, the cold air is forced to penetrate first and efficiently cool the high temperature grain layer within 30cm of the silo wall, which completely solves the problem of insect and mold growth and quality deterioration caused by excessive grain temperature (30-33℃) in this area.

[0015] 2. Eliminate high-temperature dead zones at the bottom and ensure comprehensive coverage. The air outlet duct extends to the bottom of the grain pile and is horizontally connected through the circulation branch duct to ensure that cold air can be effectively delivered and cover the bottom corner area of ​​the grain pile, avoiding local high-temperature dead zones caused by insufficient cold air penetration in existing technologies.

[0016] 3. The solar panel direct-drive air conditioning system is adopted, which supplements the mains power when the power supply is insufficient, thus greatly reducing the operating energy consumption. The distributed design uses multiple small-power (≥1.1kW) circulating fans to replace traditional high-power fans, further optimizing energy utilization.

[0017] 4. Intelligent dust removal and energy circulation: Equipped with a dust removal mechanism that can switch modes, it is intelligently controlled according to the temperature difference between the grain pile and the outside environment, taking into account both dust removal and energy saving. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grain silo.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the grain silo.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal pipeline structure of the grain silo.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the grain silo.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air outlet duct structure.

[0023] In the diagram, 1. Grain silo body; 11. Grain surface film; 2. Photovoltaic panel; 3. Refrigeration and air conditioning; 31. Air outlet; 32. Return air outlet; 4. Main air duct; 5. Air outlet duct; 6. Circulating branch air duct; 61. Positioning plate; 7. Suction duct; 8. Circulating fan; 81. Flexible hose; 9. Dust removal mechanism; 91. Perforated exhaust pipe; 92. Isolation filter cover; 93. Discharge pipe; 94. Electromagnetic control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0025] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for a flat-roofed grain warehouse, including a grain warehouse body 1, photovoltaic panels 2 laid on the roof of the grain warehouse body, and an external cooling air conditioner 3. The cooling air conditioner 3 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panels 2. The grain warehouse body 1 is characterized by having an annular main air duct 4 arranged along the top of the side wall, several outlet air ducts 5 vertically fixed to the side wall, a circulating branch air duct 6 arranged along the bottom of the side wall, a vertically arranged suction air duct 7 extending out of the grain pile, and a circulating branch air duct 7 electrically connected to the photovoltaic panels 2. The air outlet of the fan 8 is connected to the main air duct 4, the return air outlet 32 ​​of the air conditioner 3 faces the top of the grain pile, the upper end of the air outlet duct 5 is connected to the main air duct 4 and its lower end extends to the bottom of the grain pile, the surface of the air outlet duct 5 is provided with a gradient perforation structure, the perforation density of the lower part is higher than that of the upper part, the circulating branch air duct 6 is horizontally connected to the lower end of each air outlet duct 5, the lower end of the suction pipe 7 is connected to the circulating branch air duct 6, the air inlet of the circulating fan 8 is connected to the upper end of the suction pipe 7 through a flexible hose 81, and the grain surface is covered with a grain surface film 11.

[0026] The gradient opening on the surface of the air outlet duct 5, combined with the bottom suction design, forces cold air to penetrate the high-temperature grain layer, effectively reducing the grain temperature within 30cm of the wall and effectively solving the problem of deterioration of the grain pile sidewall. The cooling air conditioner 3 adopts photovoltaic direct drive, and when the power supply is insufficient, it is supplemented by the mains power, which effectively reduces energy consumption. The cold air is directly sent from the cooling air conditioner 3 to the main air duct 4, and the path is greatly shortened. The grain surface film 11 improves the heat insulation and water resistance of the grain pile, reduces cold loss, and blocks oxygen to prevent grain germination.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a dust removal mechanism 9, which includes a porous exhaust pipe 91 connected to the air outlet of the circulating fan 8, an isolation filter cover 92 sleeved on the porous exhaust pipe 91, and a discharge pipe 93 located on the side wall of the grain silo body 1 and extending out of the grain silo body 1. The porous exhaust pipe 91 is connected to the discharge pipe 93, and an electromagnetic control valve 94 is provided on the discharge pipe 93.

[0028] In this embodiment, hot air is discharged into the dust removal mechanism 9 via the circulating fan 8. The porous exhaust pipe 91 disperses the airflow and reduces the flow rate. The isolation filter cover 92 intercepts dust (such as grain fragments and mold spores). Clean air is discharged to the outside or inside of the warehouse through the exhaust pipe 93. The emission mode is adjusted by the electromagnetic control valve 94.

[0029] The grain storage temperature and humidity monitoring and early warning system, also known as the grain condition scout, involves inserting temperature and humidity sensors into the grain pile to monitor the temperature, humidity, and moisture data within the pile in real time. During sidewall temperature control, in addition to monitoring changes in surface moisture, it is also necessary to monitor and detect key areas prone to problems, such as corners of the grain pile against the wall, along the walls, doorways, and ventilation ducts. Based on changes in average grain moisture data, the system can calculate the grain's water loss rate and amount during ventilation or temperature control in real time, providing data support for sidewall temperature control.

[0030] By using the Liangqing reconnaissance team, when it is detected that the temperature difference between the grain pile and the outside air is small, and the temperature difference is ≤ the threshold (e.g., 5℃), the refrigeration air conditioner 3 is activated with the circulation fan mode, the electromagnetic control valve 94 is closed, and the filtered air is discharged back into the warehouse for circulation to reduce the loss of cooling capacity; when the temperature difference is > the threshold, the refrigeration air conditioner 3 is turned off, the external mobile fan is activated for ventilation, and the electromagnetic control valve 94 is opened to directly discharge dust.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, in the gradient opening structure of the air outlet duct 5, the lower opening rate is 30%-40%, the upper opening rate is ≤20%, and the hole diameter is 10-15mm.

[0032] The actual test results show that this ratio setting can ensure the strength of the air outlet duct 5 and achieve uniform heat exchange of cold air from top to bottom, preventing excessive temperature difference and moisture transfer.

[0033] Furthermore, a removable filter screen is fitted to the inner wall of the air outlet duct 5.

[0034] The filter screen inside the air outlet pipe 5 is used to intercept large particles of impurities and prevent grains from entering the air outlet pipe 5.

[0035] Furthermore, the circulating branch duct 6 is fixed to the bottom surface of the grain silo by a positioning plate 61, with the upper end of the positioning plate 61 pressing against the surface of the circulating branch duct 6.

[0036] This is used to reduce the noise and vibration generated by the flow of cold air in the circulating branch duct 6.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, at least one air intake pipe 7 is provided at each of the four azimuth angles of the grain silo body 1, and each air intake pipe 7 is connected to a circulating fan 8 with a power of ≥1.1kW.

[0038] Each circulating fan 8 has an independent dust removal mechanism 9 connected to its outlet.

[0039] The system employs a distributed temperature control design, with each of the four directional air intake ducts 7 connected to an independent circulating fan 8 and a dust removal mechanism 9, achieving uniform temperature control and comprehensive coverage of the corner areas of the chamber. At least four 1.1kW or higher low-power photovoltaic direct-drive fans replace traditional high-power fans, significantly reducing energy consumption.

[0040] Furthermore, the air outlet pipes 5 are arranged with a spacing of ≤2 meters, and the annular main air pipe 4 is 0.5-1 meter above the grain surface.

[0041] As a porous medium, the resistance to cold air penetration in grain piles increases exponentially with distance. A spacing of ≤2 meters ensures that the effective coverage radius of cold air is ≤1 meter (when the porosity of the grain pile is ≤40%), completely eliminating the "high temperature triangle zone" (within 30cm of the wall and the central area between the pipes) between the warehouse wall and the adjacent air outlet pipe.

[0042] The working principle of this sidewall directional circulation temperature control system in practical applications:

[0043] The refrigeration air conditioner 3 adopts a photovoltaic direct-drive system. The photovoltaic panel 2 provides power to the refrigeration air conditioner 3. The cold air generated by the refrigeration air conditioner 3 is distributed to the vertical air outlet duct 5 through the annular main air duct 4. Through the gradient perforation structure, the cold air is preferentially released from the dense perforation area at the bottom of the air outlet duct 5, and penetrates downward along the grain layer near the silo wall. Following the principle of the shortest path, it passes through the grain pile along the grain layer near the wall, and targets and cools the high-temperature grain pile within 30cm of the wall. After the grain layer of the silo wall absorbs heat and rises in temperature, the hot air gathers at the bottom of the grain pile and is collected through the circulating branch air duct 6 to the suction duct 7. The circulating fan 8 actively draws in the hot air through the suction duct 7, forming a directional circulation path from the top of the grain pile → grain layer of the silo wall → bottom circulating branch air duct 6 → suction duct 7. The air is discharged into the silo space by the circulating fan, where it mixes and exchanges heat with the air in the silo space, completing the silo wall circulation process and achieving the purpose of temperature control and ventilation of the silo wall.

[0044] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for a flat-roofed grain warehouse, comprising a grain warehouse body (1), photovoltaic panels (2) installed on the roof of the grain warehouse body, and an external cooling air conditioner (3), wherein the cooling air conditioner (3) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panels (2), characterized in that, The grain storage body (1) is provided with an annular main air duct (4) set along the top of the side wall, several air outlet ducts (5) vertically fixed on the side wall, a circulating branch air duct (6) set along the bottom of the side wall, a vertically set suction duct (7) extending out of the grain pile, and a circulating fan (8). The air outlet (31) of the refrigeration air conditioner (3) is connected to the main air duct (4), and the return air outlet (32) of the refrigeration air conditioner (3) faces the top of the grain pile. The upper end of the air outlet duct (5) is connected to the main air duct (4), and its lower end extends to the bottom of the grain pile. The surface of the air outlet duct (5) is provided with a gradient perforation structure, and the perforation density in the lower part is higher than that in the upper part. The circulating branch air duct (6) is horizontally connected to the lower end of each air outlet duct (5). The lower end of the suction duct (7) is connected to the circulating branch air duct (6). The air inlet of the circulating fan (8) is connected to the upper end of the suction duct (7) through a flexible hose (81). The grain surface is covered with a grain surface film (11).

2. The photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for grain silos in flat warehouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a dust removal mechanism (9), which includes a porous exhaust pipe (91) connected to the air outlet of the circulating fan (8), an isolation filter cover (92) sleeved outside the porous exhaust pipe (91), and a discharge pipe (93) located on the side wall of the grain silo body (1) and extending out of the grain silo body (1). The porous exhaust pipe (91) is connected to the discharge pipe (93), and an electromagnetic control valve (94) is provided on the discharge pipe (93).

3. A photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for grain silos as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the gradient opening structure of the air outlet pipe (5), the lower opening rate is 30%-40%, the upper opening rate is ≤20%, and the hole diameter is 10-15mm.

4. The photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for grain silos in flat warehouses according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the air outlet pipe (5) is fitted with a removable filter screen.

5. A photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for grain silos according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The circulating branch duct (6) is fixed to the bottom of the grain warehouse by a positioning plate (61), with the upper end of the positioning plate (61) pressing against the surface of the circulating branch duct (6).

6. A photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for grain silos according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The grain storage body (1) is provided with at least one suction pipe (7) at each of the four azimuth angles, and each suction pipe (7) is connected to a circulating fan (8) with a power of ≥1.1kW.

7. A photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for grain silos in flat warehouses according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each circulating fan (8) has an independent dust removal mechanism (9) connected to its outlet.

8. The photovoltaic direct-drive intelligent temperature control system for grain silos according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet pipes (5) are arranged with a spacing of ≤2 meters, and the annular main air pipe (4) is 0.5-1 meters above the grain surface.

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