Automatic precision feeding vehicle for cowshed

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of livestock breeding feeding machinery, a cowshed automatic precision material scattering car, including car body, material box, arch breaking device, transmission mechanism, spiral auger device, belt conveying mechanism, scattering extension plate and support plate, the material box is fixedly installed on the car body through the support plate, and the material box is the cavity structure of upper open, and the upper part of material box is hollow cuboid, and the lower part is hollow four prism body, and the inside hollow cuboid installs arch breaking device, and the inside hollow four prism body installs spiral auger device. The utility model is equipped with the scattering extension plate of bilateral discharge gate and automatic overturning, can freely switch unilateral discharge mode, adapts double -lane scale cowshed, and the discharge gate is completely sealed under the non -operational state, avoids the waste of feed drop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of livestock breeding and feeding machinery technology, specifically to an automatic precision feed spreader suitable for large-scale beef cattle stall feeding, capable of double-sided feed selection and having anti-arching function. Background Technology

[0002] Large-scale, stall-feeding beef cattle farming is a key development direction for my country's animal husbandry industry, playing an important role in ensuring meat supply and promoting rural economic development. Currently, the industry generally adopts the total mixed ration (TMR) feeding model, which first uses a TMR feed mixer to mix forage, concentrate, and supplementary feed to create a nutritionally balanced feed, and then uses a feed spreader to transport the feed to the cattle shed troughs to complete the feeding operation.

[0003] Existing feed spreaders are divided into two main types: fuel-powered and electric. Electric feed spreaders are becoming increasingly widely used due to their advantages of being environmentally friendly and having low noise. Currently, mainstream feed spreaders are divided into single-sided and double-sided spreading structures. In actual use, damp and sticky feed is prone to forming cavities and arching inside the feed bin, leading to discharge blockage. At the same time, most feed spreaders lack automation, with the opening and closing of the discharge port and the spreading operation relying on manual assistance, making it difficult to control the uniformity and accuracy of spreading. Some equipment may also fail to discharge normally when the remaining feed in the bin is low.

[0004] Among the existing published patents, the Chinese patent CN219228679U, entitled "A Feed Spreader for Goat Farming," relies on multiple sets of mixing components to complete feed mixing, but the loading and unloading process is cumbersome and highly dependent on manual labor. The Chinese patent CN219069129U, entitled "A Convenient Feed Spreader," has a compact structure and adjustable spreading speed, but it cannot achieve fully automated operation, and the unloading fails under low feed level conditions. Neither of these patents can meet the continuous, efficient, and precise feeding needs of large-scale cattle sheds.

[0005] Based on the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model proposes a new type of automatic precision feeder for cattle sheds, which solves problems such as feed bridging, inconvenience in switching between two-sided feed outlets, low degree of automation, and poor feed accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an automatic precision feeder for cattle sheds, which prevents feed from bridging and clogging inside the feed bins and ensures continuous feed output; realizes automatic opening and closing of the feed outlets on both sides, and can flexibly select either side for feed output; precisely controls the output rate to achieve precise and uniform feed output; improves the automation level of the equipment and reduces manual operation; and avoids feed falling and wasting when not in operation.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: an automatic precision feed spreading vehicle for cattle sheds, comprising a vehicle body, a feed box, an arch-breaking device, a transmission mechanism, a spiral auger device, a belt conveyor mechanism, a spreading extension plate, and a support plate. The feed box is fixedly installed on the vehicle body via the support plate. The feed box has an open-top cavity structure, with a hollow cuboid at the top and a hollow truncated pyramid at the bottom. The arch-breaking device is installed inside the hollow cuboid, and the spiral auger device is installed inside the hollow truncated pyramid. The axis of the arch-breaking device and the axis of the spiral auger device are projected onto the same horizontal plane and coincide with or are parallel to each other. The hollow truncated pyramid of the material box has discharge ports at the bottom of its two side walls that are not in contact with the auger device. The line connecting the two discharge ports is perpendicular to the axis of the auger device, and the lower edge of the discharge port is flush with the bottom surface of the material box. There are two material spreading extension plates, which are set one-to-one with the discharge ports. Each material spreading extension plate is a scoop structure. The belt conveyor mechanism is arranged below the material box. In the non-discharge state, the material spreading extension plate blocks the corresponding discharge port. When discharging material on one side, the material spreading extension plate on the corresponding side flips open, and its scoop tail receives the discharge port, while the scoop head extends to the top of the belt of the belt conveyor mechanism.

[0008] The arch-breaking device includes a material-pulling shaft, on which are arranged transverse material-pulling teeth and longitudinal material-pulling teeth in a cross pattern. Both the transverse and longitudinal material-pulling teeth are perpendicular to the material-pulling shaft, and the material-pulling shaft is connected to the transmission mechanism.

[0009] The transmission mechanism includes a gear set and a power unit, wherein the power unit is an electric motor or an internal combustion engine.

[0010] The spiral auger device includes a spiral shaft with a left rotating blade on one side and a right rotating blade on the other side. The left and right rotating blades rotate in opposite directions and push the material towards the center of the spiral shaft. The spiral shaft is connected to a transmission mechanism.

[0011] The belt conveyor mechanism includes two parallel side plates, a belt, two belt shafts, a tensioning device, a bearing seat, and a drive motor. The two belt shafts are respectively installed at both ends of the two side plates, the belt is wound around the outside of the two belt shafts, the bearing seat supports the belt shafts, the tensioning device is mounted on the side plates, and the drive motor drives the belt shafts to rotate.

[0012] The spreading extension plate includes a left wing of the scoop, a right wing of the scoop, a rear plate of the scoop, a bottom plate of the scoop, and a rotating shaft of the scoop. The rotating shaft of the scoop is fixed to the bottom plate of the scoop near the rear plate of the scoop. The rotating shaft of the scoop is rotatably mounted on the material box and linked with the transmission mechanism, and is driven to flip by the transmission mechanism.

[0013] The hollow cuboid and hollow truncated pyramid of the material box are integrally formed, or can be detachably fixed by welding or bolts, with the center lines of the hollow cuboid and hollow truncated pyramid coinciding.

[0014] Multiple sets of cross-shaped feeding teeth are evenly arranged along the axial direction on the feeding shaft, with the top of the feeding teeth lower than the upper surface of the material box.

[0015] The winnowing basket shaft, feeding shaft, and spiral shaft share the same transmission mechanism to achieve synchronous operation.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model is equipped with an independent arch-breaking device, which uses cross-shaped feeding teeth to stir the feed throughout the entire area, effectively preventing feed arching and equipment blockage. It can be adapted to mixed feed with high humidity and high viscosity, and has strong stability in continuous operation.

[0017] This utility model is equipped with double-sided discharge ports and an automatically flipping feed extension plate, which can freely switch to single-sided discharge mode and is suitable for dual-channel large-scale cattle sheds; the discharge ports are completely sealed when not in operation to avoid feed falling and being wasted.

[0018] This invention uses bidirectional spiral blades to push materials, and the discharge rate is precisely controlled by adjusting the speed of the spiral shaft. Combined with an adjustable speed belt conveyor mechanism, the material is evenly distributed and accurately metered, meeting the feeding requirements of beef cattle at different growth stages.

[0019] This utility model uses a single transmission mechanism for all moving parts of the machine, resulting in a high degree of automation. No manual assistance is required throughout the process, reducing labor costs and significantly improving work efficiency.

[0020] This utility model can be powered by either an electric motor or an internal combustion engine, making it suitable for various usage scenarios such as standardized cattle farms and remote pastures without mains power. The equipment is highly versatile, and its overall structure is simple and compact, making it convenient to process, assemble, and maintain.

[0021] The lower edge of the discharge port of this invention is flush with the bottom surface of the feed box, so that the feed inside the feed box can be completely discharged without any material residue, and the material utilization rate is high. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral auger device of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the belt conveyor mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arch-breaking device of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material spreading extension plate structure of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-view structure of the material box of this utility model (the mounting holes of the arch breaking device and the spiral auger device are not shown).

[0023] Among them, 1. Car body, 2. Material box, 3. Arch breaking device, 4. Transmission mechanism, 5. Support plate, 6. Belt conveyor mechanism, 7. Spreading extension plate, 8. Spiral auger device, 9. Spiral shaft, 10. Left rotating blade, 11. Right rotating blade, 12. Side plate, 13. Belt, 14. Tensioning device, 15. Drive motor, 16. Bearing seat, 17. Belt shaft, 18. Material feeding shaft, 19. Transverse material feeding tooth, 20. Longitudinal material feeding tooth, 21. Left wing of the hopper, 22. Right wing of the hopper, 23. Rear plate of the hopper, 24. Hopper rotating shaft, 25. Bottom plate of the hopper.

[0024] The accompanying drawings in this manual are all structural schematic diagrams, not drawn to scale, and are only used to show the structure, assembly position, and connection relationship of each component. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the concept and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1-6 As shown, an automatic precision feeder for cattle sheds includes a vehicle body 1, a feed bin 2 mounted on the vehicle body 1, an arch-breaking device 3 mounted in the feed bin 2, a transmission mechanism 4, a spiral auger device 8 mounted in the feed bin 2, a belt conveyor mechanism 6, a feed spreading extension plate 7, and a support plate 5.

[0027] In one embodiment, the vehicle body 1 is an electrically driven flatbed truck.

[0028] The material box 2 is an open-top cavity structure, and it is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body 1 by a support plate 5. Its upper part is a hollow cuboid, and its lower part is a hollow frustum. The bottom surface of the hollow cuboid is the top surface of the hollow frustum. The hollow cuboid and the hollow frustum are an integrated structure; however, they can also be connected by other methods (such as bolts, welding, etc.). In one embodiment, the material box 2 is an integrated structure, with the hollow cuboid and the hollow frustum being an integrated structure. In another embodiment, the hollow cuboid has a lower edge, and the hollow frustum has an upper edge; the hollow cuboid and the hollow frustum are connected by bolts (the upper cuboid and the lower frustum are an integrated structure). In one embodiment, the centerline of the hollow frustum coincides with the centerline of the hollow cuboid. In one embodiment, the hollow frustum is a hollow regular frustum, and the hollow cuboid is a hollow cube.

[0029] The bottom of each of the two opposing side walls of the material box 2 has a discharge port. Specifically, the bottom of each of the two opposing side walls of the hollow truncated pyramid has a discharge port, and each discharge port is the same, being a rectangle or square of the same size.

[0030] An arch-breaking device 3 is installed in a hollow cuboid. Bearings are located on two corresponding side walls of the hollow cuboid, and both ends of the arch-breaking device 3 are mounted on the bearings. One end of the arch-breaking device 3 extends beyond the bearings and is fixedly connected to an external gear that connects to the gear set of the transmission mechanism 4. A spiral auger device 8 is installed in a hollow frustum. Similarly, bearings are located on two corresponding side walls of the hollow frustum, and both ends of the spiral auger device 8 are mounted on the bearings. One end of the spiral auger device 8 extends beyond the bearings and is fixedly connected to an external gear that connects to the gear set of the transmission mechanism 4. In this way, the arch-breaking device 3 and the spiral auger device 8 can be simultaneously powered by the gear set. Since gear transmission is a technology well-known to those skilled in the art, and this is not the inventive point of this utility model, it will not be elaborated upon here. It is sufficient to know that the arch-breaking device 3 and the spiral auger device 8 can be synchronously powered by the same power unit; other aspects can be prepared by those skilled in the art based on existing technology.

[0031] The axis of the arch-breaking device 3 and the axis of the spiral auger device 8 are projected onto the same horizontal plane and coincide or are parallel. This arrangement is for better transmission and smoother reception of the straw from above and below.

[0032] The hollow truncated pyramid of the material box 2 has a discharge port on each of the two sides that are not in contact with the spiral auger device 8. The line connecting the two discharge ports is perpendicular to the axis of the spiral auger device 8, and the lower edge of the two discharge ports is flush with the bottom surface of the material box 2.

[0033] During use, the anti-bridging device 3 stirs the upper part of the straw in the feed box 2, breaking it up to prevent it from bridging and ensuring that the straw falls evenly from the upper part of the feed box 2. The spiral auger device 8 pushes the straw between the spirals toward the center of the spiral shaft 9. The straw pushed to the center by the spiral auger device 8 falls from the discharge port onto the conveyor belt 13 through the spreading extension plate 7.

[0034] There are two spreading extension plates 7, one of which is installed at each discharge port. Each spreading extension plate 7 is a sieve structure. Each spreading extension plate 7 includes a left sieve wing 21, a right sieve wing 22, a rear sieve plate 23, a sieve shaft 24, and a sieve bottom plate 25. The sieve shaft 24 is fixed together with the sieve bottom plate 25 (near the rear sieve plate). The sieve mounting seats at both ends of the sieve shaft 24 are fixed on the material box 2. The two ends of the sieve shaft 24 are mounted on bearings on the sieve mounting seats. The sieve shaft 24 is connected to the transmission mechanism 4. When needed, the transmission mechanism 4 drives the sieve shaft 24 to rotate in both directions, thereby enabling the spreading extension plate 7 to cover / uncover the discharge port.

[0035] The belt conveyor mechanism 6 is located below the material box 2. The projection of the material box 2's discharge port on the belt 13 of the belt conveyor mechanism 6 is inside the belt 13 (ensuring that the material falls onto the belt when it is discharged). When neither of the two discharge ports is discharging material, each spreading extension plate 7 covers one discharge port.

[0036] When a certain discharge port is required to discharge material (such as the discharge port on the left), the corresponding spreading extension plate 7 does not cover the discharge port, and the tail of the spreading extension plate 7 is below the discharge port, while the head of the spreading extension plate 7 is above the belt 13.

[0037] In one embodiment, the arch-breaking device 3 includes a feeding shaft 18 with cross-shaped transverse feeding teeth 19 and longitudinal feeding teeth 20. All the transverse feeding teeth 19 and longitudinal feeding teeth 20 are perpendicular to the feeding shaft 18. The feeding shaft 18 is connected to the transmission mechanism 4.

[0038] The two ends of the feeding shaft 18 are mounted on the hollow cuboid bearings. One end of the feeding shaft 18 extends out of the bearing and is fixedly connected to an external gear that is connected to the gear set of the transmission mechanism 4.

[0039] In one embodiment, the feed shaft 18 has a shaft diameter of 133mm, and cross-shaped steel pipes with a length of 500mm and a diameter of 16mm serve as feed teeth (the same applies to the transverse feed teeth 19 and the longitudinal feed teeth 20). The length of the feed teeth is such that when the feed teeth at the top are in a vertical position, the upper end face of the feed teeth is slightly lower than the upper plane of the feed box 2 to prevent the top part of the grass from not being dispersed.

[0040] Nine sets of feeding teeth are distributed on the shaft diameter of the feeding shaft 18. The feeding shaft 18 is connected to the screw shaft 9 through chain drive (or gear drive or belt drive). It rotates with the rotation of the screw shaft 9. When spreading the material, it disperses the grass to prevent the grass from bridging and makes the grass in the upper part of the material box 2 fall evenly.

[0041] The transmission mechanism 4 includes a gear set and a power unit, which is an electric motor or an internal combustion engine.

[0042] The spiral auger device 8 includes a spiral shaft 9, with a left rotating blade 10 on one side of the spiral shaft 9 and a right rotating blade 11 on the other side of the spiral shaft. The spiral shaft 9 is connected to the transmission mechanism 4.

[0043] The two ends of the spiral shaft 9 are mounted on the bearings of the hollow truncated pyramid. One end of the spiral shaft 9 extends out of the bearing and is fixedly connected to an external gear that is connected to the gear set of the transmission mechanism 4.

[0044] The auger device 8 is a crucial functional component of the spreading vehicle, directly affecting the amount of forage output and the vehicle's production efficiency. In one embodiment, the left rotating blade 10 and right rotating blade 11 of the auger device 8 are welded to both sides of the auger shaft 9 in a left-right spiral configuration. When the auger shaft 9 rotates, the left rotating blade 10 and right rotating blade 11 simultaneously rotate towards the center, pushing the material. The diameter of the auger shaft 9 is 133mm, and the outer diameter of the auger (including the left and right rotating blades) is 200mm. If the auger speed is too high, the spreading vehicle's output will be excessive, and the belt conveyor will not be able to keep up, causing the forage to accumulate on the belt 13. If the auger speed is too low, the belt conveyor will have no material to output. Both excessively high and low auger speeds can cause uneven output. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate and test to determine a suitable auger speed for optimal results.

[0045] The auger device 8 is located at the bottom of the feed hopper 2 of the spreading vehicle. During rotation, it conveys and compresses the grass at the bottom of the feed hopper 2, pushing the grass to tumble and mix, causing the grass in the middle and bottom of the feed hopper 2 to rub against each other, forming convection mixing. On the other hand, it pushes and conveys the grass. In one embodiment, the left side of the auger shaft 9 is clockwise, spiraling towards the center on the right, and the right side of the auger shaft 9 is counterclockwise, spiraling towards the center on the left. When the auger spirals left and right, it pushes the grass towards the center.

[0046] In one embodiment, the calculated screw discharge production rate is approximately 8.46 t / h, and the power consumption is approximately 0.31 kW. Based on the agricultural machinery design manual and design experience, a 1.2 kW DC permanent magnet brushless motor is selected.

[0047] The belt conveyor mechanism 6 includes side plates 12 for support, a belt 13, a belt shaft 17, a tensioning device 14, a bearing seat 16, and a drive motor 15. The side plates 12 are two parallel pieces, and the belt shaft 17 has two shafts located at opposite ends of the side plates 12. One end of each belt shaft is connected to a different side plate 12. The belt 13 is mounted on the belt shaft 17. The belt conveyor mechanism 6 itself does not represent a technological innovation compared to existing belt conveyor mechanisms, and those skilled in the art know how to design it.

[0048] The belt conveyor mechanism 6 is located below the auger device 8, perpendicular to the direction of the auger shaft 9, and discharges material in one direction. The DC motor can rotate in both directions to control the discharge direction, and a DC controller is installed to adjust the belt conveying speed. The width of the conveyor belt is reasonably determined based on the transported material, transport distance, and transport speed.

[0049] According to the agricultural machinery design manual, the recommended conveying speed for straw is 0.8-1.4 m / s. A maximum speed of 1.4 m / s was used for verification. Other parameters such as section coefficient, speed coefficient, and inclination angle coefficient were determined from the table. Through formula calculations and design experience, the conveyor belt width was ultimately determined to be 450 mm. Based on the aforementioned auger device 8's discharge calculations, under ideal conditions, the maximum discharge production rate of the auger device 8 is 8.46 t / h. The spreading production rate of the spreading vehicle is determined by the belt conveyor speed, adjusted by a DC controller, and further determined based on the feeding amount at different stages of cattle feeding and experimental results.

[0050] The contents not disclosed in detail in this utility model can be implemented by those skilled in the art through existing technology, and are not considered as the inventive point of this utility model. For example, the rotation of the material spreading extension plate is the inventive point of this utility model, but how to achieve the rotation adopts the contents of existing technology.

Claims

1. An automatic precision feed spreader for cattle sheds, characterized in that: The system includes a vehicle body (1), a material box (2), an arch-breaking device (3), a transmission mechanism (4), a spiral auger device (8), a belt conveyor mechanism (6), a material spreading extension plate (7), and a support plate (5). The material box (2) is fixedly installed on the vehicle body (1) via the support plate (5). The material box (2) is a cavity structure with an open upper part. The upper part of the material box (2) is a hollow cuboid, and the lower part is a hollow truncated pyramid. The arch-breaking device (3) is installed inside the hollow cuboid, and the spiral auger device (8) is installed inside the hollow truncated pyramid. The axis of the arch-breaking device (3) and the axis of the spiral auger device (8) are coincident or parallel to each other on the same horizontal plane. (2) The hollow quadrangular truncated cone and the spiral auger device (8) are respectively provided with discharge ports at the bottom of the two side walls. The line connecting the two discharge ports is perpendicular to the axis of the spiral auger device (8). The lower edge of the discharge port is flush with the bottom surface of the material box (2). There are two of the spreading extension plates (7) and they are set one-to-one with the discharge ports. Each spreading extension plate (7) is a sieve structure. The belt conveyor mechanism (6) is arranged below the material box (2). In the non-discharge state, the spreading extension plate (7) blocks the corresponding discharge port. When discharging on one side, the spreading extension plate (7) on the corresponding side flips open, and its sieve tail receives the discharge port, and the sieve head extends to the belt of the belt conveyor mechanism (6).

2. The automatic precision feed spreader for cattle sheds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch-breaking device (3) includes a material-pushing shaft (18), on which are arranged transverse material-pushing teeth (19) and longitudinal material-pushing teeth (20) distributed in a cross shape. The transverse material-pushing teeth (19) and the longitudinal material-pushing teeth (20) are both perpendicular to the material-pushing shaft (18). The material-pushing shaft (18) is connected to the transmission mechanism (4) for transmission.

3. The automatic precision feed spreader for cattle sheds according to claim 2, characterized in that: Nine sets of cross-shaped feeding teeth are evenly arranged along the axial direction on the feeding shaft (18), with the top of the feeding teeth lower than the upper surface of the material box (2).

4. The automatic precision feed spreader for cattle sheds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (4) includes a gear set and a power unit, wherein the power unit is an electric motor or an internal combustion engine.

5. The automatic precision feed spreader for cattle sheds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral auger device (8) includes a spiral shaft (9), with a left rotating blade (10) on one side and a right rotating blade (11) on the other side. The left rotating blade (10) and the right rotating blade (11) rotate in opposite directions and push the material to the middle of the spiral shaft (9). The spiral shaft (9) is connected to the transmission mechanism (4).

6. The automatic precision feed spreader for cattle sheds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt conveyor mechanism (6) includes two parallel side plates (12), a belt (13), two belt shafts (17), a tensioning device (14), a bearing seat (16), and a drive motor (15). The two belt shafts (17) are respectively installed at both ends of the two parallel side plates (12), the belt (13) is wound around the outside of the two belt shafts (17), the bearing seat (16) supports the belt shafts (17), the tensioning device (14) is mounted on the side plate (12), and the drive motor (15) drives the belt shafts (17) to rotate.

7. The automatic precision feed spreader for cattle sheds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spreading extension plate (7) includes a left wing (21) of the scoop, a right wing (22) of the scoop, a rear plate (23) of the scoop, a bottom plate (25) of the scoop, and a rotating shaft (24) of the scoop. The rotating shaft (24) of the scoop is fixed on the bottom plate (25) of the scoop near the rear plate (23) of the scoop. The rotating shaft (24) of the scoop is rotatably mounted on the material box (2) and is linked with the transmission mechanism (4).

8. The automatic precision feed spreader for cattle sheds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The winnowing basket shaft (24), the feeding shaft (18), and the screw shaft (9) share the same transmission mechanism (4).

9. The automatic precision feed spreader for cattle sheds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow cuboid and hollow truncated pyramid of the material box (2) are integrally formed, or can be detachably fixed by welding or bolts, with the center lines of the hollow cuboid and hollow truncated pyramid coinciding.

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