A device for shelling spina date fruit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spiny jujube kernel fruit unhulling device, including base (1), the top of base (1) is equipped with the electric drive's carousel (2), the top surface of carousel (2) evenly distributes with multiple array hole groups, and each array hole group contains at least thirty feed holes (11), is equipped with feeding mechanism (39) on carousel (2), in the direction of carousel (2)'s rotation, the rear side of feeding mechanism (39) is equipped with the material removal mechanism (40), and the front side of feeding mechanism (39) is equipped with the unhulling mechanism (41), and the unhulling mechanism (41) makes multiple spiny jujube kernel fruits in array hole group produce the same deformation variable. The utility model has the advantages of high unhulling rate and low kernel breakage rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of jujube kernel processing, and in particular relates to a jujube kernel shelling device. Background Technology

[0002] The fruit of the jujube tree (jujube kernel with shell) has a flattened round structure with a hard outer shell that is 2-3 mm thick, and it has high economic value. There are two types of shelling devices for jujube kernels. The first type is the roller shelling machine, which uses two parallel and oppositely rotating metal rollers to squeeze the jujube kernels, causing the outer shell to crack. However, jujube kernels vary in size. Larger jujube kernels will have their kernels crushed when passing through the metal rollers, resulting in a higher kernel breakage rate. Smaller jujube kernels are difficult to squeeze sufficiently when passing through the metal rollers, making it difficult for the outer shell to crack, thus reducing the shelling rate. The second type is the impact shelling machine, where the kernels are impacted by a high-speed rotating impeller against a baffle. The outer shell cracks due to the impact force. However, the radial rotational speed of the impeller varies at different positions, resulting in different impact speeds on the jujube kernels. Different jujube kernels receive significantly different impact forces, causing some kernels to not receive enough impact force and have difficulty cracking the outer shell, resulting in a low shelling rate. Other kernels receive excessive impact force, causing the kernels to break, resulting in a higher kernel breakage rate. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for shelling jujube kernels. This invention has the advantages of high shelling rate and low kernel breakage rate.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A jujube seed shelling device includes a base, an electrically driven turntable above the base, a plurality of array holes evenly distributed on the top surface of the turntable, each array hole containing at least thirty feeding holes, a feeding mechanism on the turntable, a desiccation mechanism on the rear side of the feeding mechanism and a shelling mechanism on the front side of the feeding mechanism in the rotation direction of the turntable, the shelling mechanism causing the plurality of jujube seeds in the array hole group to produce the same deformation.

[0005] In the aforementioned jujube kernel shelling device, the turntable has a through hole in the middle, the base has a guide sleeve in the middle, the guide sleeve has an upwardly extending guide post inside, the upper end of the guide post has a rotating disk, the bottom of the rotating disk has an external gear ring, one side of the external gear ring has a gear, the base has a first motor with the output end connected to the gear, the rotating disk has multiple upward support columns, and the support columns are fixed to the inner wall of the through hole.

[0006] In the aforementioned jujube kernel shelling device, the array of holes has multiple feed holes arranged in a rectangular array. Each feed hole is equipped with an anti-detachment cap. The bottom surface of the rotating disk is provided with a guide hole corresponding to the position of the feed hole. A guide post is provided in the guide hole. The lower end of the guide post extends out of the guide hole. The guide post is connected to the anti-detachment cap through a guide shaft. The upper end of the guide post is provided with a first spring that is passed through by the guide shaft.

[0007] In the aforementioned jujube kernel shelling device, the feeding mechanism includes an outer arc plate that fits the outer circumference of the turntable and an inner arc plate that fits the inner circumference of the turntable. The two ends of the inner arc plate are respectively fixed to the two ends of the outer arc plate by two baffles. The baffles are close to the top surface of the turntable, and the outer arc plate is fixed to the base.

[0008] In the aforementioned jujube kernel shelling device, a second motor is fixed between the outer arc plate and the inner arc plate, and the output end of the second motor is provided with a rotating rod, which is in contact with the top surface of the turntable.

[0009] In the aforementioned jujube kernel shelling device, the dehulling mechanism includes a lifting plate located below the turntable and a conveyor located above the turntable. Both the lifting plate and the conveyor are fixed to the base. The front end of the lifting plate is provided with a guide angle, and the conveyor belt of the conveyor is provided with multiple scrapers.

[0010] In the aforementioned jujube kernel shelling device, the shelling mechanism includes two crossbeams fixed to the base and multiple stamping shafts with corresponding feed holes in the array of holes. Each row of stamping shafts has two clamping plates on both sides, and the clamping plates have arc-shaped grooves that cooperate with the stamping shafts. A third motor is installed on one of the crossbeams. The output end of the third motor is connected to a screw through a flexible shaft. The screw passes through the clamping plate. When the screw rotates, the clamping plates on both sides of the stamping shaft move closer to each other or further away from each other. Two synchronously driven eccentric rollers are installed between the two crossbeams. The two eccentric rollers are located on the upper sides of both ends of the pressure plate.

[0011] The shell-removing mechanism also includes a lifting plate, on which a lifter is provided. The upper end of the stamping shaft passes through the lifting plate and is provided with an upper cap. The stamping shaft is provided with a lower cap located between the lifting plate and the clamping plate. A second spring, through which the stamping shaft passes, is provided between the lower cap and the lifting plate.

[0012] In the aforementioned jujube kernel shelling device, a first connecting rod is fixed to the same side end of the two eccentric rollers, and a second connecting rod is provided between the two first connecting rods. The second connecting rod is hinged to the first connecting rod, and a telescopic cylinder is provided on one side of the second connecting rod. The housing end of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the corresponding crossbeam, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the second connecting rod or one of the first connecting rods.

[0013] In the aforementioned jujube kernel shelling device, multiple guide rods are provided between two crossbeams. The guide rods pass through the clamping plate, and both ends of the guide rods are equipped with anti-shelling heads.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this invention first places the jujube kernels inside an array of holes. A shelling mechanism then compresses multiple jujube kernels within the array, causing them to deform uniformly. The impact force received by each kernel is neither too great nor too small, ensuring that the outer shell of the jujube kernel breaks easily, thus increasing the shelling rate. The kernels themselves remain intact, reducing the kernel breakage rate. Therefore, this invention has the advantages of high shelling rate and low kernel breakage rate.

[0015] Furthermore, through further structural optimization, the feeding device automatically fills the array of holes with jujube kernels, and the unloading mechanism allows the fully shelled jujube kernels to leave the array of holes for automatic unloading. This allows the present invention to operate automatically after the addition of a controller, thereby improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading mechanism in one direction.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading mechanism from another direction.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a top view of the shell removal mechanism after the lifting plate and lifting device have been removed.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first and second links.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a front view schematic diagram of the shell-removing mechanism.

[0024] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Base, 2-Turntable, 3-Through hole, 4-Guide sleeve, 5-Guide post, 6-Turntable, 7-External gear ring, 8-Gear, 9-First motor, 10-Support column, 11-Feed hole, 12-Anti-detachment cap, 13-Guide hole, 14-Guide post, 15-Guide shaft, 16-First spring, 17-Outer arc plate, 18-Inner arc plate, 19-Baffle, 20-Second motor, 21-Rotating rod, 22-Lifting plate, 23-Conveyor, 24-Guide angle. 25-Scraper, 26-Crossbeam, 27-Pressing shaft, 28-Clamping plate, 29-Arc groove, 30-Third motor, 31-Flexible shaft, 32-Screw, 33-Eccentric roller, 34-First connecting rod, 35-Second connecting rod, 36-Telescopic cylinder, 37-Guide rod, 38-Anti-detachment head, 39-Feeding mechanism, 40-Unloading mechanism, 41-Shelling mechanism, 42-Guide inclined plane, 43-Lifting plate, 44-Lifter, 45-Upper riser, 46-Lower riser, 47-Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] Example: A device for shelling jujube kernels, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a base 1, a turntable 2 is provided above the base 1, a plurality of array holes are evenly distributed on the top surface of the turntable 2, and two feeding mechanisms 39 are provided on the turntable 2 symmetrically distributed about the axis of the turntable 2. In the rotation direction of the turntable 2, a descrambling mechanism 40 is provided on the rear side of the feeding mechanism 39, and a shell-removing mechanism 41 is provided on the front side of the feeding mechanism 39.

[0027] The turntable 2 has a through hole 3 in its center, and the base 1 has a guide sleeve 4 in its center. Inside the guide sleeve 4 is an upwardly extending guide post 5, which is connected to the guide sleeve 4 by a bearing. A rotating disk 6 is located at the upper end of the guide post 5, and an external gear ring 7 is located at the bottom of the rotating disk 6. A gear 8 is located on one side of the external gear ring 7. A first motor 9, whose output end is connected to the gear 8, is located on the base 1. Multiple upwardly extending support posts 10 are located on the rotating disk 6, and the support posts 10 are fixed to the inner wall of the through hole 3. Preferably, the first motor 9 is a stepper motor.

[0028] The array of holes includes fifty feed holes 11 arranged in a rectangular array. Each feed hole 11 is provided with an anti-detachment cap 12. The bottom surface of the rotating disk 6 is provided with a guide hole 13 corresponding to the position of the feed hole 11. A guide post 14 is provided in the guide hole 13. The guide post 14 is preferably a square shaft. The lower end of the guide post 14 extends out of the guide hole 13. The guide post 14 is connected to the anti-detachment cap 12 through a guide shaft 15. The upper end of the guide post 14 is provided with a first spring 16 that is passed through by the guide shaft 15.

[0029] The feeding mechanism 39 includes an outer arc plate 17 that fits the outer circumference of the turntable 2 and an inner arc plate 18 that fits the inner circumference of the turntable 2. The two ends of the inner arc plate 18 are fixed to the two ends of the outer arc plate 17 by two baffles 19 respectively. The baffles 19 are close to the top surface of the turntable 2, and the outer arc plate 17 is fixed to the base 1.

[0030] A second motor 20 is fixed between the outer arc plate 17 and the inner arc plate 18. The output end of the second motor 20 is provided with a rotating rod 21, which is in contact with the top surface of the turntable 2.

[0031] The unloading mechanism 40 includes a lifting plate 22 located below the turntable 2 and a belt conveyor 23 located above the turntable 2. Both the lifting plate 22 and the conveyor 23 are fixed to the base 1. The front end of the lifting plate 22 is provided with a guide angle 24, and the lifting plate 22 is arc-shaped when viewed from above. The conveyor belt of the conveyor 23 is provided with multiple scrapers 25. Preferably, the lower end of the guide column 14 is provided with a guide slope 42 that cooperates with the guide angle 24.

[0032] The shell-removing mechanism 41 includes two crossbeams 26, both fixed to the base 1, and multiple stamping shafts 27 with corresponding feed holes 11 in the array of holes. The stamping shafts 27 are located above the turntable 2. Each row of stamping shafts 27 has two clamping plates 28 on both sides. The clamping plates 28 have arc-shaped grooves 29 that cooperate with the stamping shafts 27. Preferably, a 0.5mm thick rubber membrane is placed in the arc-shaped grooves 29 to allow the clamping plates 28 to better clamp the stamping shafts 27. Two third motors 30 are provided on one of the crossbeams 26. The output end of the third motor 30 is connected to a screw 32 through a flexible shaft 31. The screw 32 passes through the clamping plates 28. When the screw 32 rotates, the clamping plates 28 on both sides of the stamping shaft 27 move closer or further away from each other. The threaded holes on the stamping plates 28 on both sides of the stamping shaft 27 that cooperate with the screw 32 rotate in opposite directions. Two synchronously driven eccentric rollers 33 are provided between the two crossbeams 26. The two eccentric rollers 33 are located on the upper side of both ends of the pressure plate, and the eccentricity of the eccentric rollers 33 is about 0.5mm.

[0033] The shell-removing mechanism 41 also includes a lifting plate 43. The lifting plate 43 is provided with a lifting device 44 fixed to the base 1 or the crossbeam 26. The lifting device 44 can be a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder or electric cylinder, preferably a dual-shaft type. The output end of the lifting device 44 is fixed to the lifting plate 43. The stroke of the lifting device 44 is 3-5mm. The upper end of the stamping shaft 27 passes through the lifting plate 43 and is provided with an upper cap 45. The stamping shaft 27 is provided with a lower cap 46 located between the lifting plate 43 and the clamping plate 28. A second spring 47, which is passed through the stamping shaft 27, is provided between the lower cap 46 and the lifting plate 43.

[0034] Two eccentric rollers 33 are each fixed with a first connecting rod 34 on the same side. A second connecting rod 35 is provided between the two first connecting rods 34. The second connecting rod 35 is hinged to the first connecting rod 34. A telescopic cylinder 36 is provided on one side of the second connecting rod 35. The telescopic cylinder 36 can be a pneumatic cylinder or an electric cylinder. The housing end of the telescopic cylinder 36 is hinged to the corresponding crossbeam 26. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 36 is hinged to the second connecting rod 35 or one of the first connecting rods 34.

[0035] Four guide rods 37 are provided between the two crossbeams 26. The guide rods 37 pass through the clamping plate 28, and anti-detachment heads 38 are provided at both ends of the guide rods 37.

[0036] Working principle and steps: Pour the jujube kernels into the feeding mechanism 39. The jujube kernels are on the top surface of the turntable 2, within the area surrounded by the outer arc plate 17, the inner arc plate 18 and the baffle 19.

[0037] The first motor 9 starts periodically, driving the outer gear ring 7 to rotate via the gear 8. The outer gear ring 7 drives the turntable 2 to rotate via the rotating disk 6 and the support column 10. Jujube kernels enter the feed holes 11, with only one jujube kernel allowed into each hole. The diameter of the feed hole 11 matches the diameter of the jujube kernel, and the depth of the feed hole 11 matches the thickness of the jujube kernel. After entering the feed hole 11, the jujube kernel must not exceed the top surface of the turntable 2. Figure 3 As shown, the second motor 20 drives the rotating rod 21 to rotate continuously. The rotating rod 21 drives the jujube kernels to move on the top surface of the turntable 2, ensuring that the feed holes 11 within the rotation range are completely filled with jujube kernels. Figure 1 As shown, there are twenty array hole groups in total. The first motor 9 rotates 18° in one revolution.

[0038] like Figure 8 As shown, when the feed hole 11 in the array hole group is filled with jujube kernels and transferred to the shelling mechanism 41, the lifting device 44 extends, causing the lifting plate 43 to descend, which in turn drives the stamping shaft 27 to descend. The stamping shaft 27 enters the corresponding feed hole 11 and contacts the jujube kernels. The second spring 47 undergoes a slight deformation to ensure that all the jujube kernels in the array hole group are in contact with the corresponding stamping shaft 27.

[0039] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the third motor 30 is started and rotated forward several times, causing the clamping plates 28 on both sides of the stamping shaft 27 to move closer together and clamp the stamping shaft 27. The telescopic cylinder 36 extends and then retracts. When the telescopic cylinder 36 extends, it synchronously pushes the two eccentric rollers 33 to rotate through the first connecting rod 34 and the second connecting rod 35. The rotation of the eccentric rollers 33 applies downward pressure to the clamping plates 28. The downward stroke of the clamping plates 28 is determined by the eccentricity of the eccentric rollers 33. The jujube kernels in the array hole group receive the same impact stroke, ensuring that the outer shell cracks while the kernel does not break. The third motor 30 is started and rotated in reverse several times, causing the clamping plates 28 on both sides of the stamping shaft 27 to move away from each other, so that the stamping shaft 27 is not clamped. The lifting device 44 retracts, causing the stamping shaft 27 to rise to its original position and leave the feed hole 11, so that the turntable 2 can continue to rotate.

[0040] It should be noted that the shell-removing mechanism 41 operates during the stage when the first motor 9 is not started.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, when the array of holes moves to the unloading mechanism 40, due to the action of the guide angle 24, the guide column 14 rises, aligning the top surface of the anti-drop cap 12 with the top surface of the turntable 2, and the jujube kernels leave the feed hole 11. The conveyor 23 continues to work, driving the scraper 25 to rotate, causing the jujube kernels to leave the turntable 2. Containers can be placed on the turntable 6 to catch the falling jujube kernels. After the guide column 14 leaves the lifting plate 22, the anti-drop cap 12 descends under the action of the first spring 16, re-exposing the feed hole 11, allowing it to be fed again to the feeding mechanism 39.

[0042] An FX2N type controller can also be installed, and the first motor 9, the second motor 20, the conveyor 23, the third motor 30, the telescopic cylinder 36, and the lifting device 44 are all connected to the controller. The controller enables the connected components to operate automatically according to the above steps.

[0043] The shelling described in this utility model refers to cracking the outer shell of the jujube seed to achieve preliminary shelling. However, the final separation of the outer shell from the kernel still requires further processing through a vibrating screen to achieve complete separation of the kernel and the outer shell.

[0044] The main advantages of this invention are its high shelling rate and the high proportion of whole kernels obtained. It is suitable for shelling high-priced, premium-grade jujube kernels to obtain high-quality, high-priced kernels.

Claims

1. A device for shelling Zizyphus jujuba fruits, characterized in that: Includes a base (1), an electrically driven turntable (2) is provided above the base (1), a plurality of array holes are evenly distributed on the top surface of the turntable (2), each array hole group contains at least thirty feeding holes (11), a feeding mechanism (39) is provided on the turntable (2), a desiccant mechanism (40) is provided on the rear side of the feeding mechanism (39) in the rotation direction of the turntable (2), and a shelling mechanism (41) is provided on the front side of the feeding mechanism (39), the shelling mechanism (41) causes the multiple jujube kernels in the array hole group to produce the same deformation.

2. The device for shelling jujube fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable (2) has a through hole (3) in the middle, the base (1) has a guide sleeve (4) in the middle, the guide sleeve (4) has an upwardly extending guide post (5) inside, the upper end of the guide post (5) has a rotating disk (6), the bottom of the rotating disk (6) has an external gear ring (7), one side of the external gear ring (7) has a gear (8), the base (1) has a first motor (9) with the output end connected to the gear (8), the rotating disk (6) has multiple upward support columns (10), and the support columns (10) are fixed to the inner wall of the through hole (3).

3. The jujube seed shelling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The array of holes has multiple feed holes (11) arranged in a rectangular array. The feed holes (11) are provided with anti-detachment caps (12). The bottom surface of the rotating disk (6) is provided with guide holes (13) corresponding to the positions of the feed holes (11). The guide holes (13) are provided with guide posts (14). The lower end of the guide posts (14) extends out of the guide holes (13). The guide posts (14) are connected to the anti-detachment caps (12) through guide shafts (15). The upper end of the guide posts (14) is provided with a first spring (16) that is passed through by the guide shafts (15).

4. The jujube seed shelling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (39) includes an outer arc plate (17) that fits the outer circumference of the turntable (2) and an inner arc plate (18) that fits the inner circumference of the turntable (2). The two ends of the inner arc plate (18) are fixed to the two ends of the outer arc plate (17) by two baffles (19). The baffles (19) are close to the top surface of the turntable (2), and the outer arc plate (17) is fixed to the base (1).

5. The jujube seed shelling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second motor (20) is fixed between the outer arc plate (17) and the inner arc plate (18). The output end of the second motor (20) is provided with a rotating rod (21), which is in contact with the top surface of the turntable (2).

6. The jujube seed shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading mechanism (40) includes a lifting plate (22) located on the lower side of the turntable (2) and a conveyor (23) located on the upper side of the turntable (2). Both the lifting plate (22) and the conveyor (23) are fixed to the base (1). The front end of the lifting plate (22) is provided with a guide angle (24), and the conveyor belt of the conveyor (23) is provided with multiple scrapers (25).

7. The jujube seed shelling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell-removing mechanism (41) includes two crossbeams (26) fixed to the base (1) and multiple stamping shafts (27) corresponding to the feed holes (11) in the array hole group. Each row of stamping shafts (27) has two clamping plates (28) on both sides. The clamping plates (28) have arc grooves (29) that cooperate with the stamping shafts (27). One of the crossbeams (26) has a third motor (30). The output end of the third motor (30) is connected to the screw (32) through a flexible shaft (31). The screw (32) passes through the clamping plate (28). When the screw (32) rotates, the clamping plates (28) on both sides of the stamping shaft (27) move closer to each other or further away from each other. There are two synchronously driven eccentric rollers (33) between the two crossbeams (26). The two eccentric rollers (33) are located on the upper side of both ends of the pressure plate. The shell-removing mechanism (41) also includes a lifting plate (43), on which a lifter (44) is provided. The upper end of the stamping shaft (27) passes through the lifting plate (43) and is provided with an upper cap (45). The stamping shaft (27) is provided with a lower cap (46) located between the lifting plate (43) and the clamping plate (28). A second spring (47) is provided between the lower cap (46) and the lifting plate (43) and is passed through by the stamping shaft (27).

8. The jujube seed shelling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two eccentric rollers (33) are fixed with first connecting rods (34) on the same side. A second connecting rod (35) is provided between the two first connecting rods (34). The second connecting rod (35) is hinged to the first connecting rod (34). A telescopic cylinder (36) is provided on one side of the second connecting rod (35). The housing end of the telescopic cylinder (36) is hinged to the corresponding crossbeam (26). The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (36) is hinged to the second connecting rod (35) or one of the first connecting rods (34).

9. The jujube seed shelling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Multiple guide rods (37) are provided between the two crossbeams (26). The guide rods (37) pass through the clamps (28). Both ends of the guide rods (37) are provided with anti-detachment heads (38).

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