A spray device for automated surface treatment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of automatic surface treatment's spraying device, including rack, PCB conveying mechanism and spraying mechanism being set on rack, the spraying mechanism includes three-dimensional movement component fixed on rack, telescopic spray arm and spray head assembly, the first end of telescopic spray arm is connected with three-dimensional movement component, the spray head assembly is connected in the second end of telescopic spray arm by a universal rotation joint, the telescopic spray arm includes fixed arm section and the movable arm section of connecting fixed arm section, the movable arm section is linear telescopic sliding along the vertical direction of fixed arm section, the movable arm section is connected with universal rotation joint. It can cover PCB board edge and side dead angle, avoid traditional device to leak spray problem, can accurately match different area spraying demand, need not to replace tooling, reduce change type cost, effectively improve PCB surface treatment efficiency and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of spraying equipment technology, specifically to an automated surface treatment spraying device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of automated PCB surface treatment, the spraying process directly affects the key properties of PCBs, such as insulation and corrosion resistance, and has stringent requirements for coating coverage integrity, thickness accuracy, and production efficiency. However, existing spraying equipment has many technical shortcomings: First, the nozzles are mostly designed as parallel collinear nozzles with a single, fixed angle, which cannot adapt to the edges and side corners of the PCB, often resulting in edge missed spraying and uneven coating thickness, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision surface treatment; Second, PCB conveying and positioning rely on simple mechanical limits and lack a stable adsorption structure, making it easy to deviate during conveying, resulting in large deviations in the spraying position; Third, when adapting to PCBs of different sizes, frequent tooling changes are required, resulting in high changeover costs and long processing times. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing technical solutions, this utility model provides an automated surface treatment spraying device, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0005] An automated surface treatment spraying device includes a frame, a PCB conveying mechanism mounted on the frame, and a spraying mechanism. The spraying mechanism includes a three-dimensional motion component fixed on the frame, a telescopic spray arm, and a nozzle assembly. A first end of the telescopic spray arm is connected to the three-dimensional motion component, and the nozzle assembly is connected to a second end of the telescopic spray arm via a universal joint. The telescopic spray arm includes a fixed arm segment and a movable arm segment connected to the fixed arm segment. The movable arm segment slides linearly along the vertical direction of the fixed arm segment and is connected to the universal joint.

[0006] The nozzle assembly includes a mounting base fixedly connected to a universal joint and at least two independent nozzles. The independent nozzles are fixedly mounted on the mounting base in a non-parallel and non-collinear manner. The angle between the central axis of each independent nozzle and the PCB board surface is different, and the central axis of at least one independent nozzle points towards the edge of the PCB board.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution, the telescopic spray arm translates along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions through three-dimensional motion components. The telescopic spray arm also includes a linear drive mechanism for driving the extension and retraction of the movable arm segment. The linear drive mechanism is a ball screw and a linear motor, with its fixed end mounted on the frame and its movable end connected to the movable arm segment.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution, the universal rotary joint is composed of two orthogonally mounted rotary motors, and each rotary motor's rotation axis is equipped with an independent angle sensor.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution, the three-dimensional motion component includes an X-axis linear module fixed on the frame, a Y-axis linear module slidably mounted on the X-axis linear module, and a Z-axis lifting module slidably mounted on the Y-axis linear module. The fixed arm section of the telescopic spray arm is fixedly connected to the output end of the Z-axis lifting module.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution, a dust removal system is also included, which is located on one side of the mounting base and includes multiple air nozzles arranged in a straight line.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution, the spraying mechanism also includes a vision positioning system, which includes an industrial camera and a light source fixed on a fixed arm segment. The field of view of the industrial camera covers the PCB board area below the spray head assembly.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution, the PCB conveying mechanism includes a double-track chain conveyor belt and a drive motor connected to the double-track chain conveyor belt. The double-track chain conveyor belt is provided with stops or vacuum suction holes at intervals for positioning PCB boards.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] The automated surface treatment spraying device of this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects during use:

[0015] Firstly, the nozzle assembly features at least two independent nozzles arranged in a non-parallel, non-collinear manner, coupled with an omnidirectional rotating joint that allows independent adjustment of pitch and yaw angles, and a telescopic spray arm. This ensures coverage of the edges and side blind spots of the PCB board, avoiding the problem of missed spraying found in traditional devices. Secondly, the vision positioning system, in conjunction with three-dimensional motion components and a linear drive mechanism, combined with real-time feedback from angle sensors, minimizes coating thickness deviation and accurately matches the spraying needs of different areas. Thirdly, the telescopic spray arm is adaptable to PCBs of different sizes, eliminating the need to change tooling and reducing changeover costs. Fourthly, the dust removal system with a single row of nozzles on the mounting base removes impurities from the PCB surface, preventing coating bubbles and peeling, and improving coating quality. Fifthly, the dual-track chain conveyor mechanism, combined with fully automated control, enables continuous production, effectively improving the efficiency and stability of PCB surface treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automated surface treatment spraying device according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the spraying device for automated surface treatment according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first side structure of an automated surface treatment spraying device according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second side structure of an automated surface treatment spraying device according to the present invention.

[0020] Numbering on the map:

[0021] 1. Frame; 101. PCB conveyor mechanism; 102. Double-track chain conveyor belt; 103. Drive motor; 104. Vacuum suction hole; 2. Spraying mechanism; 201. Spray head assembly; 202. Telescopic spray arm; 203. Fixed arm section; 204. Vision positioning system; 205. Movable arm section; 206. Dust removal system; 207. Universal rotating joint; 208. Mounting base; 209. Air nozzle; 210. Independent nozzle; 3. Three-dimensional motion components; 301. X-axis linear module; 302. Y-axis linear module; 303. Z-axis lifting module; 4. Linear drive mechanism; 401. Linear motor; 402. Ball screw. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides an automated surface treatment spraying device, including a frame 1, a PCB conveying mechanism 101 mounted on the frame 1, and a spraying mechanism 2. The spraying mechanism 2 includes a three-dimensional motion component fixed on the frame 1, a telescopic spray arm 202, and a nozzle assembly 201. The first end of the telescopic spray arm 202 is connected to the three-dimensional motion component, and the nozzle assembly 201 is connected to the second end of the telescopic spray arm 202 via a universal joint 207. The telescopic spray arm 202 includes a fixed arm segment 203 and a movable arm segment 205 connected to the fixed arm segment 203. The movable arm segment 205 slides linearly along the vertical direction of the fixed arm segment 203, and the movable arm segment 205 is connected to the universal joint 207.

[0024] The PCB conveying mechanism 101 is driven by a "double-track chain conveyor belt 102 + drive motor 103". The conveyor belt is intermittently equipped with stops or vacuum suction holes 104. When the drive motor 103 drives the double-track chain, the PCB board is placed on the conveyor belt. The stops mechanically limit the lateral displacement of the PCB board, while the vacuum suction holes 104 use negative pressure to suction the bottom surface of the PCB board. These two mechanisms work together to ensure that the PCB board does not shift or shake during transport, achieving initial position calibration. This provides a stable reference position for subsequent visual positioning and spraying operations, preventing spraying deviations caused by PCB board displacement.

[0025] The nozzle assembly 201 includes a mounting base 208 fixedly connected to a universal joint 207 and at least two independent nozzles 210. The independent nozzles 210 are fixedly mounted on the mounting base 208 in a non-parallel and non-collinear manner. The angle between the central axis of each independent nozzle 210 and the PCB board surface is different, and the central axis of at least one independent nozzle 210 points towards the edge of the PCB board.

[0026] The mounting angles of the at least two independent nozzles 210 are configured such that the central axis of one of the independent nozzles 210 is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to the PCB board surface, and the central axis of the remaining at least one independent nozzle 210 forms an acute angle of 10° to 80° with the PCB board surface, and the acute angles are different from each other. The coating thickness deviation is ≤±5%, and the positional deviation is ≤0.1mm, which can accurately match the spraying requirements of different areas on the PCB board (such as component avoidance areas and protection areas).

[0027] The number of independent nozzles 210 is three or four, and their installation angles are configured such that one nozzle is vertically downward, and the remaining nozzles are directed toward different areas or edges of the PCB board at acute angles of 30°±5°, 45°±5°, and 60°±5° respectively.

[0028] The three-dimensional motion components, the telescopic movement of the movable arm segment 205 of the telescopic spray arm 202, and the rotational movement of the universal joint 207 work together to enable the nozzle assembly 201 to be arbitrarily positioned and adjusted to any spatial angle in the three-dimensional space above the PCB board.

[0029] The nozzle assembly 201 employs at least two non-parallel, non-collinear independent nozzles 210, with differentiated angle configurations (e.g., one vertical nozzle + two to three acute-angle nozzles ranging from 10° to 80°, preferably 30°±5° / 45°±5° / 60°±5°). The acute-angle nozzles can directly point towards the edge of the PCB board, covering blind spots on the sides. The omnidirectional swivel joint 207 can independently adjust the pitch and yaw angles, and combined with the length adjustment of the telescopic spray arm 202, ensures that the nozzles can approach the edge area with appropriate angles, avoiding blind spots in the coating process.

[0030] Furthermore, the telescopic spray arm 202 translates along the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions via three-dimensional motion components. The telescopic spray arm 202 also includes a linear drive mechanism 4 that drives the extension and retraction of the movable arm segment 205. The linear drive mechanism 4 consists of a ball screw 402 and a linear motor 401, with its fixed end mounted on the frame 1 and its movable end connected to the movable arm segment 205.

[0031] The linear drive mechanism 4 (ball screw 402 + linear motor 401) pushes the movable arm segment 205 to extend and retract vertically along the fixed arm segment 203, adjusting the horizontal distance between the nozzle assembly 201 and the PCB board. At the same time, the two orthogonal rotary motors of the universal rotary joint 207 operate respectively (equipped with independent angle sensors to provide real-time feedback on angle deviation), precisely adjusting the pitch and yaw angles of the nozzle assembly 201, ultimately aligning the central axis of each independent nozzle 210 with the area to be sprayed (e.g., vertical nozzles are aligned with the center area of ​​the board, and 30°±5° / 45°±5° / 60°±5° acute angle nozzles are aligned with the edge or side area of ​​the board).

[0032] It can be adapted to PCBs of different sizes (such as 50mm×50mm-500mm×500mm) and different areas to be coated without changing tooling, reducing changeover costs.

[0033] Furthermore, the universal rotary joint 207 consists of two orthogonally mounted rotary motors, each with an independent angle sensor on its rotation axis. Each independent nozzle 210 sprays paint synchronously or sequentially according to preset process parameters (such as spraying pressure and paint flow rate). Because the nozzles are arranged in a non-parallel, non-collinear manner with varying angles (vertical nozzles cover the core area, while sharp-angle nozzles cover edges / dead corners), combined with the slow movement of the three-dimensional moving components (ensuring uniform coating), the dynamic extension and retraction of the movable arm 205 (adapting to different board widths), and the real-time angle correction of the universal joint (compensating for minor deformations of the PCB board), a seamless and uniform coating of the PCB board surface (including edges and corners) is achieved.

[0034] Furthermore, the three-dimensional motion component includes an X-axis linear module 3 fixed on the frame 1; a three-dimensional motion component 301; a Y-axis linear module 302 slidably mounted on the X-axis linear module 3; the three-dimensional motion component 301; and a Z-axis lifting module 303 slidably mounted on the Y-axis linear module 302. The fixed arm section 203 of the telescopic spray arm 202 is fixedly connected to the output end of the Z-axis lifting module 303.

[0035] The main control system sends commands to the three-dimensional motion components: the X-axis linear module 3; the three-dimensional motion component 301 drives the Y-axis module to move horizontally; the Y-axis module drives the Z-axis lifting module 303 to move vertically; and the Z-axis module drives the fixed arm section 203 of the telescopic spray arm 202 to move vertically. The three components work together to achieve macroscopic positioning of the nozzle assembly 201 in the X / Y / Z three-dimensional space.

[0036] Furthermore, the system also includes a dust removal system 206, which is located on one side of the mounting base 208. The dust removal system 206 includes multiple nozzles 209 arranged in a straight line. Before spraying, the dust removal system 206 on one side of the mounting base 208 is activated. The straight-lined nozzles 209 blow clean airflow onto the area of ​​the PCB board to be sprayed, removing dust, debris, and other impurities from the surface, preventing impurities from mixing into the coating and affecting adhesion and appearance quality. The straight-lined nozzles 209 of the dust removal system 206 can evenly remove impurities from the PCB board surface, preventing problems such as bubbles and peeling caused by impurities mixing into the coating.

[0037] Furthermore, the spraying mechanism 2 also includes a vision positioning system 204, which includes an industrial camera and a light source fixed on the fixed arm segment 203. The field of view of the industrial camera covers the PCB board area below the spray head assembly 201.

[0038] The visual positioning system 204 is connected to the control system signals of the three-dimensional motion component, the linear drive mechanism 4 of the telescopic spray arm 202, and the universal rotary joint 207. It is used to adjust the position, height, angle and telescopic arm status of the spray head assembly 201 in real time according to the identified PCB board position, edge and spray area features.

[0039] The vision positioning system 204 transmits the identified feature data (such as the coordinates of the PCB center, the coordinates of the area to be sprayed, and the edge tilt angle) to the main control system in real time. The system, combined with the preset spraying process parameters (such as nozzle spacing, spraying thickness, and spraying speed), simultaneously calculates three key adjustment parameters:

[0040] Position parameters: the displacement of the three-dimensional motion components (X-axis linear module 3; three-dimensional motion component 301, Y-axis linear module 302, Z-axis lifting module 303) to ensure that the nozzle assembly 201 moves directly above the area to be sprayed;

[0041] Angular parameters: The pitch angle (the vertical angle between the nozzle and the PCB board surface) and yaw angle (the horizontal rotation angle of the nozzle along the PCB board surface) of the universal rotary joint 207 are matched to the tilt requirements of the area to be sprayed.

[0042] Telescopic parameters: The telescopic length of the movable arm section 205 of the telescopic spray arm 202 (driven by ball screw 402 + linear motor 401) adapts to the spraying radius requirements of different PCB board sizes.

[0043] An industrial camera (with a dedicated light source) fixed on the fixed arm section 203 of the telescopic spray arm 202 has a field of view covering the PCB board area below the spray head assembly 201, and can clearly capture the physical characteristics of the PCB board (including board outline, edge position, boundary of the area to be sprayed, solder joint / component avoidance area, etc.).

[0044] Furthermore, the PCB conveying mechanism 101 includes a double-track chain conveyor belt 102 and a drive motor 103 connected to the double-track chain conveyor belt 102. The double-track chain conveyor belt 102 is provided with stops or vacuum suction holes 104 for positioning PCB boards at intervals.

[0045] After a single PCB board is coated, the dual-track chain conveyor belt 102 continues to operate, transporting the coated PCB board to the next process (such as curing), while simultaneously transporting the next PCB board to be coated to the coating station. This process of "positioning → identification → adjustment → dust removal → coating" is repeated, achieving continuous automated production. It can achieve full coverage coating of the PCB board surface (including the central area, edges, and side corners), avoiding the problems of edge missed spraying and uneven coating caused by the single nozzle angle in traditional devices.

[0046] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automated surface treatment spraying device, comprising a frame, a PCB conveying mechanism mounted on the frame, and a spraying mechanism, characterized in that, The spraying mechanism includes a three-dimensional motion component fixed on the frame, a telescopic spray arm, and a nozzle assembly. The first end of the telescopic spray arm is connected to the three-dimensional motion component, and the nozzle assembly is connected to the second end of the telescopic spray arm via a universal joint. The telescopic spray arm includes a fixed arm segment and a movable arm segment connected to the fixed arm segment. The movable arm segment slides linearly along the vertical direction of the fixed arm segment, and the movable arm segment is connected to the universal joint. The nozzle assembly includes a mounting base fixedly connected to a universal joint and at least two independent nozzles. The independent nozzles are fixedly mounted on the mounting base in a non-parallel and non-collinear manner. The angle between the central axis of each independent nozzle and the PCB board surface is different, and the central axis of at least one independent nozzle points towards the edge of the PCB board.

2. The automated surface treatment spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic spray arm translates along the X, Y, and Z axes via three-dimensional motion components. The telescopic spray arm also includes a linear drive mechanism for driving the extension and retraction of the movable arm segment. The linear drive mechanism consists of a ball screw and a linear motor, with its fixed end mounted on the frame and its movable end connected to the movable arm segment.

3. The automated surface treatment spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal joint consists of two orthogonally mounted rotary motors, and each rotary motor's rotation axis is equipped with an independent angle sensor.

4. The automated surface treatment spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional motion component includes an X-axis linear module fixed on the frame, a Y-axis linear module slidably mounted on the X-axis linear module, and a Z-axis lifting module slidably mounted on the Y-axis linear module. The fixed arm section of the telescopic spray arm is fixedly connected to the output end of the Z-axis lifting module.

5. The automated surface treatment spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dust removal system, which is located on one side of the mounting base and includes multiple air nozzles arranged in a straight line.

6. The automated surface treatment spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying mechanism also includes a vision positioning system, which includes an industrial camera and a light source fixed on a fixed arm segment. The field of view of the industrial camera covers the PCB board area below the spray head assembly.

7. The automated surface treatment spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PCB conveying mechanism includes a double-track chain conveyor belt and a drive motor connected to the double-track chain conveyor belt. The double-track chain conveyor belt is provided with stops or vacuum suction holes at intervals for positioning PCB boards.

Images