A vacuum pressure casting molding device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vacuum die casting forming device, including base, its top fixedly arranged with first support and second support, furnace, fixedly set up on first support, for carrying out heating melting to metal, die casting mechanism, including mould, injection cylinder, guide subassembly and push subassembly, the inside of mould is provided with cavity, and injection cylinder is connected with furnace through guide subassembly, and guide subassembly is used to guide the melt after melting and flows into injection cylinder, and one end of injection cylinder is communicated with cavity, and the other end is connected with push subassembly, and push subassembly is used to push the melt in injection cylinder and flows to the inside of cavity, vacuum pumping mechanism, including setting up vacuum pump in base one side, and furnace, cavity, injection cylinder and guide subassembly all are communicated with vacuum pump through vacuum pipe, for making the vacuum in furnace, cavity, injection cylinder and guide subassembly form. The utility model improves the fluidity when melt filling, and the transfer process is omitted, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vacuum die casting equipment technology, and in particular to a vacuum die casting molding device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of the automotive and 5G communication fields, the demand for lightweighting is increasing, and the urgent need for thin-walled aluminum alloy parts has become an important development area. Thin-walled aluminum alloy parts are precision castings. During the pouring process, the Laplace force caused by the surface tension of the liquid metal hinders the flow of the thin section, resulting in poor fluidity. Therefore, a faster injection speed is required to push the liquid metal into the mold cavity. However, excessively fast filling speed can easily cause air entrapment, leading to casting defects such as cold shuts and shrinkage cavities, affecting casting quality. Furthermore, liquid metal is easily exposed to oxygen, which also affects casting quality. In addition, the existing die-casting process requires steps such as "melting-scooping-transfer-pouring-injection." The transfer process causes the liquid metal temperature to drop, so the temperature needs to be raised during melting, affecting production efficiency. Moreover, scooping and retrieving materials results in significant errors in material quantity. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a vacuum die casting molding apparatus that improves the fluidity of the melt during filling, eliminates the transfer process, and improves production efficiency.

[0004] This utility model provides a vacuum die casting molding device, comprising:

[0005] The base has a first bracket and a second bracket fixedly installed on its top.

[0006] A furnace, fixedly mounted on the first support, is used to heat and melt metal;

[0007] The die-casting mechanism includes a mold, an injection cylinder, a guide assembly, and a push assembly. The mold is mounted on a second support and has a cavity inside. The injection cylinder is fixedly mounted on the second support in a horizontal direction. The injection cylinder is connected to the furnace through the guide assembly, which guides the molten material to flow into the injection cylinder. One end of the injection cylinder is connected to the cavity, and the other end is connected to the push assembly, which pushes the molten material in the injection cylinder to flow into the cavity.

[0008] The vacuum mechanism includes a vacuum pump located on one side of the base. The furnace, the cavity, the injection cylinder, and the guide assembly are all connected to the vacuum pump via vacuum pipes. A first valve is provided on the vacuum pipes to create a vacuum in the furnace, the cavity, the injection cylinder, and the guide assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the pushing assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder and an injection punch. The first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the first bracket, and its output end is fixedly connected to the injection punch. The injection punch is slidably sleeved inside the injection cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the guiding component includes an insulated flow channel and a collecting cylinder. One end of the insulated flow channel is fixedly connected to and communicates with the outlet of the furnace, and the other end is inclined downward in a direction away from the furnace. The collecting cylinder is located above the injection cylinder, and the top of the collecting cylinder is sealed and connected to the lower end of the insulated flow channel, while the bottom of the collecting cylinder is fixedly connected to and communicates with the injection cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes hydraulic systems, die-casting control systems, and smelting control systems;

[0012] A second valve is provided on the heat-insulating flow channel, a third valve is provided at the bottom of the collecting cylinder, a liquid level sensor is fixedly provided on the top inner wall of the collecting cylinder, the second valve is electrically connected to the melting control system, the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic system, the hydraulic system and the third valve are both electrically connected to the die-casting control system, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to both the melting control system and the die-casting control system.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the heat-insulating flow channel is welded to the top of the collecting cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the collecting cylinder is truncated cone-shaped.

[0015] Furthermore, a thermocouple temperature sensor is fixedly installed inside the furnace to detect the temperature inside the furnace.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] (1) This utility model can make the mold cavity and the injection cylinder both in a vacuum environment through the vacuum mechanism. In a vacuum environment, the melt has better fluidity, which improves the fluidity of the melt during filling. It is not necessary to increase the injection speed of the melt excessively, thus avoiding air entrapment caused by excessive filling speed and improving the quality of castings. At the same time, in a vacuum environment, the melt is also prevented from contacting oxygen in the mold cavity and the injection cylinder during the molding process, thus preventing oxidation and improving the die casting quality of the product.

[0018] (2) This utility model can draw a vacuum inside the furnace, so that the metal is melted in a vacuum environment, which improves the purity of the melt.

[0019] (3) This utility model sets a guiding component between the furnace and the injection cylinder. The guiding component includes a heat-insulating flow channel and a collecting cylinder. The furnace and the injection cylinder are connected by the guiding component. The melt after melting in the furnace flows directly into the injection chamber through the guiding component. Then, it is pushed into the mold cavity by the pusher for cooling and forming. This eliminates the process of scooping and transferring the melt, avoids the temperature of the melt from dropping during the transfer process, and eliminates the need to increase the heating temperature of the melt during melting, thus shortening the heating time and improving production efficiency. At the same time, the heat-insulating flow channel and the collecting cylinder of the guiding component are in a vacuum environment, which prevents the melt from oxidizing during the transfer and pouring process, prevents external impurities from entering, and improves the quality of the casting.

[0020] (4) The heat preservation trough of this utility model is equipped with a second valve, the bottom of the collection cylinder is equipped with a third valve, and a liquid level sensor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top of the collection cylinder. During casting, the second valve is manually opened, and the melt in the furnace flows into the collection cylinder through the discharge pipe. The liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the melt in the collection cylinder and transmits the detection signal to the die casting control system and the smelting control system. When the liquid level of the melt in the collection cylinder reaches the preset value, the smelting control system controls the second valve to close and the die casting control system controls the third valve to open, so that the melt in the collection cylinder flows into the injection cylinder evenly, realizing quantitative feeding, making the material taking process more convenient and the material taking amount more accurate.

[0021] It should be understood that the description in this utility model description section is not intended to limit the key or essential features of the embodiments of this utility model, nor is it intended to restrict the scope of this utility model. Other features of this utility model will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Other features, objects, and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0025] The diagram shows the following components: 1. Base; 2. Furnace; 3. Die-casting mechanism; 4. Vacuum pumping mechanism; 5. Hydraulic system; 6. Die-casting control system.

[0026] 11. First support; 12. Second support;

[0027] 21. Furnace body; 22. Crucible; 23. Coil; 24. Thermocouple temperature sensor;

[0028] 31. Mold; 32. Injection cylinder; 33. First hydraulic cylinder; 34. Injection punch; 35. Insulated flow channel; 36. Collection cylinder; 37. Second valve; 38. Third valve; 39. Liquid level sensor;

[0029] 41. Vacuum pump; 42. Vacuum tube; 43. First valve;

[0030] 311. Moving mold; 312. Fixed mold; 313. Second hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0032] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-2 An embodiment of this utility model provides a vacuum die-casting molding apparatus, comprising:

[0034] The base 1 has a first bracket 11 and a second bracket 12 fixedly installed on its top;

[0035] Furnace 2, fixedly mounted on the first support 11, is used to heat and melt metal;

[0036] The die-casting mechanism 3 includes a mold 31, an injection cylinder 32, a guide assembly, and a push assembly. The mold 31 is mounted on the second support 12 and has a cavity inside. The injection cylinder 32 is fixedly mounted on the second support 12 in a horizontal direction. The injection cylinder 32 is connected to the furnace 2 through the guide assembly. The guide assembly is used to guide the molten material after melting into the injection cylinder 32. One end of the injection cylinder 32 is connected to the cavity, and the other end is connected to the push assembly. The push assembly is used to push the molten material in the injection cylinder 32 to flow into the cavity.

[0037] The vacuum pumping mechanism 4 includes a vacuum pump 41 located on one side of the base 1. The furnace 2, the mold cavity, the injection cylinder 32, and the guide assembly are all connected to the vacuum pump 41 through the vacuum pipe 42. A first valve 43 is provided on the vacuum pipe 42 to create a vacuum in the furnace 2, the mold cavity, the injection cylinder 32, and the guide assembly.

[0038] In this embodiment, the base 1 is placed stably on a horizontal surface, and the furnace 2 is fixedly installed on the base 1 by a first bracket. The furnace 2 is a commercially available vacuum induction melting furnace. A vacuum induction melting furnace is a complete set of vacuum smelting equipment that melts metal under vacuum conditions using the principle of medium-frequency induction heating. It includes a furnace body 21, a crucible 22, a coil 23, and a power supply module. The crucible 22 is fixedly installed inside the furnace body 21, and the coil 23 surrounds the outside of the crucible 22. The coil 23 is connected to the power supply module, which energizes the coil 23 to generate a magnetic field. The metal material inside the crucible 22 melts into a liquid melt due to the induced current. This embodiment can also use other melting methods such as vacuum arc melting, vacuum electron beam melting, and vacuum plasma melting to achieve the melting of metal or amorphous (liquid metal) materials in a vacuum environment; specifically, model ZGJL0.025-100-2.5B is selected, but not limited to.

[0039] The mold 31 is mounted on the base 1 via the second bracket 12. The mold 31 includes a moving mold 311 and a fixed mold 312. The fixed mold 312 is fixedly mounted on the second bracket 12. The moving mold 311 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 313. The second hydraulic cylinder 313 can drive the moving mold 311 to move away from or closer to the fixed mold 311, thereby opening or closing the mold. After closing the mold, a cavity is formed between the fixed mold 311 and the moving mold 312. The mold 31 is also equipped with a cooling device. The cooling device is installed in the mold 31 using conventional and known technology to cool the melt in the cavity and realize the die casting operation of the melt. This is prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0040] The vacuum mechanism 4 includes four vacuum tubes 42, one of which is a main vacuum tube. One end of the main vacuum tube is connected to the vacuum pump 41, and the other end is connected to the cavity of the mold 31. The main vacuum tube is also connected to three vacuum branch tubes, which are respectively connected to the furnace 2, the injection cylinder 32, and the guide assembly. A first valve 43 is installed on the main vacuum tube. A pressure gauge is connected to the main vacuum tube. The vacuum level inside the vacuum tube 42 can be directly observed through the pressure gauge, thereby detecting the vacuum level inside the furnace 2, the injection cylinder 32, the guide assembly, and the cavity. The pressure gauge can be mounted on one side of the vacuum pump 41 by a bracket.

[0041] During die casting, the surface contaminants of the metal alloy are first removed and placed into the furnace 2. Then, the operator manually turns on the vacuum pump 41 to perform a vacuum operation, so that the furnace 2, the cavity of the mold 31, the injection cylinder 32, and the guide assembly are all in a vacuum environment. The furnace 2 is connected to the melting control system, which can adjust the temperature of the furnace 2 to heat and melt the metal alloy. When the furnace 2 is heated to a certain temperature and the metal alloy is completely melted, the melting control system controls the power supply module to stop supplying power and stop the heating operation. The mold 31 is connected to the mold control system, which can control the second hydraulic cylinder 313 to move, so that the moving mold 311 and the fixed mold 312 fit together to achieve mold closing. After the mold is closed and the alloy metal is melted, the melt flows into the injection cylinder 32 through the guide assembly. Then, the melt in the injection cylinder 32 is pushed into the cavity of the mold 31 by the pusher for cooling and shaping.

[0042] The furnace 2 of this application is in a vacuum environment. When the metal alloy is melted in a vacuum environment, impurities will float on the top of the melt and the melt will flow out from the bottom of the furnace 2. This will not affect the purity of the melt and will improve the purity of the melt.

[0043] Furthermore, the melt in furnace 2 flows directly into injection cylinder 32 through the guiding component, and the entire process is carried out in a vacuum environment. This eliminates the need for scooping and transferring the melt, avoids the temperature of the melt decreasing during the transfer process, eliminates the need to increase the heating temperature of the melt during melting, shortens the heating time, and improves production efficiency.

[0044] Meanwhile, the guide assembly, the injection cylinder 32, and the mold cavity are all in a vacuum environment. In a vacuum environment, the melt has better fluidity, which improves the fluidity of the melt during filling. It is not necessary to increase the injection speed of the melt excessively, thus avoiding air entrapment caused by excessive filling speed and improving the quality of the casting. In addition, the vacuum environment also prevents the melt from coming into contact with oxygen in the mold cavity and the injection cylinder 32 during the molding process, thus preventing oxidation and improving the die casting quality of the product.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the pushing component includes a first hydraulic cylinder 33 and an injection punch 34. The first hydraulic cylinder 33 is fixedly mounted on the first bracket 11, and its output end is fixedly connected to the injection punch 34. The injection punch 34 is slidably sleeved inside the injection cylinder 32.

[0046] In this embodiment, the injection punch 34 is a cylindrical structure, and its outer surface is in contact with the inner surface of the injection cylinder 32. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to one end of the injection punch 34, which can push the injection punch 34 to move along the length direction of the injection cylinder 32, thereby pushing the melt in the injection cylinder 32 to move, so that the melt flows into the cavity of the mold 31. The injection punch 34 is moved by hydraulic drive, and the structure is simple and stable.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the guiding component includes an insulated flow channel 35 and a collecting cylinder 36. One end of the insulated flow channel 35 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the outlet of the furnace 2, and the other end is inclined downward in a direction away from the furnace 2. The collecting cylinder 36 is located above the injection cylinder 32, and the top of the collecting cylinder 36 is sealed and connected to the lower end of the insulated flow channel 35, and the bottom of the collecting cylinder 36 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the injection cylinder 32.

[0048] In this embodiment, the insulated flow channel 35 is an existing structure, which is an integrated and fully functional modular component that integrates the flow channel body, refractory material, electric heating system, insulation layer and metal shell. It can be used simply by connecting the power supply and thermocouple feedback line.

[0049] During installation, one end of the heat-insulating flow channel 35 is sealed to the outlet of the furnace 2 by welding, and the other end is sealed to the top of the collecting cylinder 36 by welding.

[0050] During die casting, the molten material in the furnace 2 flows into the collection cylinder 36 through the heat preservation channel 35, and then into the injection cylinder 32. This eliminates the process of scooping and transferring the molten material, improving operational convenience, preventing the molten material temperature from dropping, and increasing production efficiency. In addition, the heat preservation channel 35 has a heating and heat preservation function. The internal temperature of the heat preservation channel 35 is the same as the molten material temperature, which prevents the molten material from dropping in temperature during the flow process and improves the die casting production efficiency.

[0051] The structure and temperature control method of the insulated flow channel 35 are existing technologies, which are briefly summarized below. Typically, the insulated flow channel 35 includes a U-shaped channel body with a top cover fixedly installed on its top. Both the U-shaped channel body and the top cover serve as inner lining layers, made of ceramic material, possessing thermal conductivity and thermal shock resistance. Outside the inner lining layer is a heating layer, which consists of grooves pre-cut on the outer wall of the U-shaped channel body. Heating elements, such as resistance wires, resistance strips, or heaters, are inserted into these grooves. These heating elements are evenly distributed along the length of the U-shaped channel body to ensure uniform temperature within the channel, thus uniformly heating the flowing melt. The heating layer is then wrapped with an insulation layer for heat preservation. The insulation layer is made of ceramic fiber cotton or ceramic fiber board, which has good heat insulation and heat preservation performance. The outer shell of the insulation layer is made of carbon steel or stainless steel to form a hard protective shell. One end of the shell is fixedly connected to the liquid outlet of the furnace 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the collection cylinder 36. In addition, the inner lining layer is also equipped with at least two sets of thermocouple sensors for detecting the temperature of the U-shaped trough. The thermocouple sensors are connected to the external insulation trough temperature control system. The thermocouple sensors transmit the detection signal to the temperature control system. After receiving the signal, the temperature control system can quickly switch the power supply to the heating element to achieve precise temperature regulation.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a hydraulic system 5, a die-casting control system 6, and a smelting control system;

[0053] A second valve 37 is provided on the heat-insulating flow channel 35, a third valve 38 is provided at the bottom of the collecting cylinder 36, a liquid level sensor 39 is fixedly provided on the top inner wall of the collecting cylinder 36, the second valve 37 is electrically connected to the melting control system, the first hydraulic cylinder 33 is connected to the hydraulic system 5, the hydraulic system 5 and the third valve 38 are both electrically connected to the die-casting control system 6, and the liquid level sensor 9 is electrically connected to the melting control system and the die-casting control system 6.

[0054] In this embodiment, the controller in the smelting control system is equipped with an opening button for controlling the opening of the second valve 37. Pressing the opening button will open the second valve 37.

[0055] After the melt is melted and the mold is closed, the second valve 37 is manually opened. The melt in the furnace 2 flows into the collection cylinder 36 through the heat preservation channel 35. The liquid level sensor 39 detects the liquid level information in the collection cylinder 36 and feeds the detection information back to the die casting control system 6 and the melting control system. Both the die casting control system 6 and the melting control system are set with standard liquid level values. When the liquid level reaches the standard liquid level value, the melting control system controls the second valve 37 to close, and the die casting control system 6 controls the third valve 38 to open. The melt in the collection cylinder 36 flows into the injection cylinder 32. The die casting control system 6 also controls the second hydraulic cylinder 33 to move, so that the injection punch 34 pushes the melt into the cavity for cooling and forming. The amount of melt stored in the collection cylinder 36 is the amount formed in one die casting. This application, through the setting of the second valve 37 and the third valve 38, makes the melt in the collection cylinder 36 flow into the injection cylinder 32 at the same level, realizing quantitative feeding, making the material picking process more convenient and the material picking amount more accurate.

[0056] Furthermore, the melt is temporarily stored in the collection cylinder 36. When the third valve 38 is suddenly opened, the melt is dropped at high speed under the action of gravity and flows into the injection cylinder 32 in the form of turbulence. The turbulence can cause the melt to collide and mix during flow, thereby making the internal temperature of the melt more uniform, thus improving the quality of the casting and reducing the problems of shrinkage and loosening caused by uneven temperature.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the insulated flow channel 35 is welded to the top of the collection cylinder 36. Specifically, welding achieves a fixed connection and seal, preventing the melt inside the insulated flow channel 35 from contacting the outside air.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the collecting cylinder 36 is truncated cone-shaped.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a thermocouple temperature sensor 24 is fixedly installed inside the furnace 2 to detect the temperature inside the furnace 2.

[0060] In this embodiment, the thermocouple temperature sensor 24 is electrically connected to the melting control system. The thermocouple temperature sensor 24 transmits the detected temperature information to the melting control system, which can quickly control the power supply module to turn on or off, thereby controlling the internal temperature of the furnace 2.

[0061] In the description of this specification, the terms "connection," "installation," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0062] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0063] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A vacuum pressure casting molding apparatus characterized by comprising: include: The base has a first bracket and a second bracket fixedly installed on its top. A furnace, fixedly mounted on the first support, is used to heat and melt metal; The die-casting mechanism includes a mold, an injection cylinder, a guide assembly, and a push assembly. The mold is mounted on a second support and has a cavity inside. The injection cylinder is fixedly mounted on the second support in a horizontal direction. The injection cylinder is connected to the furnace through the guide assembly, which guides the molten material to flow into the injection cylinder. One end of the injection cylinder is connected to the cavity, and the other end is connected to the push assembly, which pushes the molten material in the injection cylinder to flow into the cavity. The vacuum mechanism includes a vacuum pump located on one side of the base. The furnace, the cavity, the injection cylinder, and the guide assembly are all connected to the vacuum pump via vacuum pipes. A first valve is provided on the vacuum pipes to create a vacuum in the furnace, the cavity, the injection cylinder, and the guide assembly.

2. The vacuum pressure casting molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The pushing assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder and an injection punch. The first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the first bracket, and its output end is fixedly connected to the injection punch. The injection punch is slidably sleeved inside the injection cylinder.

3. A vacuum pressure forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The guiding component includes an insulated flow channel and a collecting cylinder. One end of the insulated flow channel is fixedly connected to and communicates with the outlet of the furnace, and the other end is inclined downward in a direction away from the furnace. The collecting cylinder is located above the injection cylinder, and the top of the collecting cylinder is sealed and connected to the lower end of the insulated flow channel, and the bottom of the collecting cylinder is fixedly connected to and communicates with the injection cylinder.

4. The vacuum pressure forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein It also includes hydraulic systems, die-casting control systems, and smelting control systems; A second valve is provided on the heat-insulating flow channel, a third valve is provided at the bottom of the collecting cylinder, a liquid level sensor is fixedly provided on the top inner wall of the collecting cylinder, the second valve is electrically connected to the melting control system, the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic system, the hydraulic system and the third valve are both electrically connected to the die-casting control system, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to both the melting control system and the die-casting control system.

5. The vacuum die-casting apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower end of the heat-insulating flow channel is welded to the top of the collecting cylinder.

6. The vacuum die-casting apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The collection cylinder is truncated cone-shaped.

7. The vacuum die-casting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A thermocouple temperature sensor is fixedly installed inside the furnace to detect the temperature inside the furnace.

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