A profile turning insert and tool for difficult chip breaking conditions

Abstract

The utility model relates to metal processing cutter technical field, especially in a kind of profiling turning blade and cutter for difficult chip breaking working condition. Profiling turning blade, including blade body, the blade body includes first end face, second end face and the side surface connecting the first end face with second end face;The first end face is equipped with cutting part, the cutting part sequentially includes inverted edge, cutting edge, chip breaking groove and chip return groove along the radial direction of the first end face, the inverted edge is connected with the side surface by first circular arc, and the first circular arc is in the form of wave along the circumferential direction of the first end face. The blade edge arc of special design in the form of wave is used, the shearing force and extrusion force to iron filings in cutting process are increased, so that iron filings are broken faster and more easily;Make the chip breaking ability improve while guaranteeing blade edge strength, satisfy the demand of harsh working condition, enhance universality;And improve the heat dissipation and heat conduction capacity of blade edge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metal processing cutting tool technology, and in particular to a profile turning insert and tool for difficult chip breaking conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Turning is one of the most important machining methods in the field of mechanical processing, and profile turning, as an important category of turning, has wide applications in many high-end fields such as aerospace and automotive manufacturing. It is mainly used to process workpieces with complex curved surfaces and irregular contours, and can meet the high-precision and complex shape processing requirements of these fields.

[0003] However, current steel turning processes often involve low cutting speeds, shallow depths of cut, or challenging chip-breaking conditions, particularly with mild steel. Under these conditions, chip breaking becomes a critical issue that urgently needs to be addressed. Traditional profile turning inserts, due to their inherent structural limitations, struggle to achieve ideal chip-breaking results in these challenging situations.

[0004] Existing chip-breaking structures for contour turning generally employ conventional chip breakers. Due to the characteristics of contour turning, the resulting chips are typically wide and thin, making them inherently difficult to break. Moreover, under certain specific working conditions, the difficulty in breaking the chips is further exacerbated by factors such as the inherent properties of the workpiece material (e.g., material toughness) or cutting parameters (e.g., low cutting speed, small depth of cut).

[0005] Difficult-to-break iron filings can cause a series of serious problems. They may become entangled on the tool holder, affecting the normal cutting of the tool and reducing machining accuracy; they may also scratch the surface of the machined workpiece, causing the workpiece to be scrapped; in more serious cases, the iron filings may jam the machine tool, causing machine tool failure, affecting production efficiency, and may even cause safety accidents.

[0006] To address the chip-breaking problem, users typically try increasing cutting parameters, hoping to achieve chip breaking by altering the cutting conditions. However, for most users, the limited load capacity of their machine tools prevents them from handling excessively high cutting parameters; or, for economic reasons, increasing parameters increases energy consumption, tool wear, and other costs, resulting in poor economic efficiency. Moreover, even with increased parameters, chips may still be difficult to break in certain situations, and increasing parameters can also accelerate tool wear, shorten tool life, and further increase machining costs.

[0007] In conclusion, there is currently a lack of profile turning inserts on the market that can specifically target various difficult chip-breaking conditions and have high chip-breaking performance. Therefore, the development of such inserts has significant practical importance and market demand. Utility Model Content

[0008] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a profile turning insert and tool for difficult chip breaking conditions.

[0009] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: The first aspect of this utility model is to provide a profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions, comprising an insert body, the insert body including a first end face, a second end face and a side face connecting the first end face and the second end face; a cutting portion is provided on the first end face, the cutting portion including a chamfer, a cutting edge, a chip breaking groove and a chip return groove in sequence along the radial direction of the first end face, the chamfer being connected to the side face by a first arc, the first arc being wavy along the circumference of the first end face.

[0010] The profile turning insert provided by this utility model adopts a specially designed wavy arc cutting edge, which increases the shearing and compressing force on the chips during the cutting process, making the chips break faster and easier; it improves chip breaking ability while ensuring cutting edge strength, meets the requirements of harsh working conditions, enhances versatility; and improves the heat dissipation and heat conduction capacity of the cutting edge.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows: Furthermore, the first arc is provided with a plurality of protrusions and concave points, the protrusions and concave points are spaced apart, the width of the chip return groove corresponding to the protrusion is d1, the width of the chip return groove corresponding to the concave point is d2, and the ratio of d1 to d2 is 1.5 to 3.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that it facilitates better bending and deformation of iron filings, thereby making it easier to break the filings.

[0013] Furthermore, the radius of curvature R of the first arc is 0.03mm~0.15mm, the width f of the chamfer is 0.1mm~0.25mm, and the angle between the chamfer section and the horizontal direction is 3~20°.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: improving the strength of the cutting edge of the insert, meeting the needs of harsh working conditions, and enhancing the versatility of the insert.

[0015] Furthermore, the first arc includes arc segment one, straight line segment one, arc segment two, straight line segment two and arc segment three connected in sequence, with two adjacent convex points respectively provided on arc segment one and arc segment three, and the concave point provided on arc segment two.

[0016] Furthermore, the radius of curvature R of the first and third arc segments is 4mm~8mm, the radius of curvature R of the second arc segment is 1mm~3mm, the two ends of the first straight line segment are tangent to the first and second arc segments respectively, and the two ends of the second straight line segment are tangent to the second and third arc segments respectively; the angle between the first and second straight line segments and the horizontal direction is 4~12°.

[0017] Furthermore, the chamfer is connected to the cutting edge via a second arc, the cutting edge is connected to the chip breaker groove via a third arc, and the chip breaker groove is connected to the chip return groove via a fourth arc.

[0018] Furthermore, the radius of curvature R of the second arc is 0.2mm~0.8mm; the length of the cutting edge is 0.2mm~0.45mm, and the angle is 0°; the radius of curvature R of the third arc is 0.3mm~1mm, and the angle between the cross section where the chip breaker groove is located and the horizontal direction is 5~30°; the radius of curvature R of the fourth arc is 0.4mm~R1.5mm, and the length is 1mm~2.8mm; the angle between the cross section where the chip return groove is located and the horizontal direction is 35~65°.

[0019] Furthermore, the side is truncated cone-shaped, and the angle between the side and the vertical direction is 5~25°; the maximum inscribed circle diameter IC of the profile turning insert is 6~32mm; and the tip height S of the insert body is 3.97~9.525mm.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions is to improve cutting efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, the blade body is provided with a through threaded hole, and a pressure plate support is provided at the center of the first end face. The pressure plate support protrudes from the first end face, and the cutting part is provided around the pressure plate support. A positioning groove is provided at the connection between the second end face and the side.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that it improves the reliability and stability of blade assembly through multiple positioning.

[0023] Another aspect of this utility model is to provide a cutting tool, including the profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions provided in the first aspect of this utility model, and also including a tool shank and a pressure plate. The tool shank is provided with a positioning key, the tool shank passes through the threaded hole, the pressure plate is pressed against the pressure plate support platform, and the positioning key cooperates with the positioning groove.

[0024] The triple positioning and fixing of threaded holes, pressure plates, and positioning grooves greatly improves the reliability of the fit between the cutting tool and the tool holder, enhances machining rigidity and cutting stability, increases service life, and reduces machining resistance and noise.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: The profile turning insert provided by this utility model adopts a specially designed wavy arc cutting edge, which increases the shearing and compressing force on the chips during the cutting process, making the chips break faster and easier; it improves chip breaking ability while ensuring cutting edge strength, meets the requirements of harsh working conditions, enhances versatility; and improves the heat dissipation and heat conduction capacity of the cutting edge. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the profile turning tool of Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the profile turning tool from another angle in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a front view of the profile turning insert of Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 4 for Figure 3 View along P direction; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of a portion of the central X-section; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of the middle Y region; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting tool in Embodiment 2 of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning key in Embodiment 2 of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the machining of the cutting tool in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0027] Figure label: 1. Blade body; 2. First end face; 3. Second end face; 4. Side face; 5. Cutting part; 51. Chamfer; 52. Cutting edge; 53. Chip breaker groove; 54. Chip return groove; 55. First arc; 551. Arc segment one; 552. Straight segment one; 553. Arc segment two; 554. Straight segment two; 555. Arc segment three; 56. Second arc; 57. Third arc; 58. Fourth arc; 6. Pressure plate support; 7. Positioning groove; 8. Tool holder; 9. Pressure plate; 10. Positioning key; 11. Threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of this utility model will be presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this utility model are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the utility model in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of this utility model. To provide a deep understanding of this utility model, many specific details will be included in the following description. This utility model may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this utility model, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0029] Example 1 See Figures 1 to 7 A profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions includes an insert body 1, the insert body 1 including a first end face 2, a second end face 3 and a side surface 4 connecting the first end face 2 and the second end face 3; the first end face 2 is provided with a cutting part 5, the cutting part 5 including a chamfer 51, a cutting edge 52, a chip breaking groove 53 and a chip return groove 54 in sequence along the radial direction of the first end face 2, the chamfer 51 is connected to the side surface through a first arc 55, the first arc 55 is wavy along the circumference of the first end face 2; The first arc 55 has a plurality of protrusions and concave points, which are spaced apart. The width of the chip return groove 54 corresponding to the protrusions is d1, and the width of the chip return groove 54 corresponding to the concave points is d2. The ratio of d1 to d2 is 1.5 to 3. The radius of curvature R of the first arc 55 is 0.03 mm to 0.15 mm, the width f of the chamfer 51 is 0.1 mm to 0.25 mm, and the angle between the cross section of the chamfer 51 and the horizontal direction is 3 to 20°. The first arc 55 includes arc segment 1 551, straight segment 1 552, arc segment 2 553, and straight segment 2 554 connected in sequence. 4. Two adjacent protrusions are respectively located on arc segment 1 551 and arc segment 3 555, and the concave point is located on arc segment 2 553; the radius of curvature R of arc segment 1 551 and arc segment 3 555 is 4mm~8mm, the radius of curvature R of arc segment 2 553 is 1mm~3mm, the two ends of straight segment 1 552 are tangent to arc segment 1 551 and arc segment 2 553 respectively, and the two ends of straight segment 2 554 are tangent to arc segment 2 553 and arc segment 3 555 respectively; the angle between straight segment 1 552, straight segment 2 554 and the horizontal direction is 4~12°.

[0030] The device has 12 protrusions and 12 concave points. The 12 protrusions and 12 concave points are arranged around the first arc 55 to form a wave-shaped first arc 55 and a 3D chip breaker.

[0031] The profile turning insert provided by this utility model greatly improves the chip breaking ability by combining the 3D chip breaking groove 52 with the wavy first arc 55 cutting edge, which can meet the difficult chip breaking turning conditions of most steel parts.

[0032] The chamfer 51 is connected to the cutting edge 52 via a second arc 56, the cutting edge 52 is connected to the chip breaker groove 53 via a third arc 57, and the chip breaker groove 53 is connected to the chip return groove 54 via a fourth arc 58. The radius of curvature R of the second arc 56 is 0.2mm~0.8mm; the length of the cutting edge 52 is 0.2mm~0.45mm, and the angle is 0°; the radius of curvature R of the third arc 57 is 0.3mm~1mm, and the angle between the cross section of the chip breaker groove 53 and the horizontal direction is 5~30°; the radius of curvature R of the fourth arc 58 is 0.4mm~R1.5mm, and the length is 1mm~2.8mm; the angle between the cross section of the chip return groove 54 and the horizontal direction is 35~65°.

[0033] The side surface 4 is frustoconical, and the angle between the side surface 4 and the vertical direction is 5~25°; the maximum inscribed circle diameter IC of the profile turning insert is 6~32mm; the tip height of the insert body 1 is 3.97~9.525mm; the insert body 1 has a through threaded hole 6; a pressure plate support 6 is provided at the center of the first end face 2, the pressure plate support 6 protrudes from the first end face 2, and the cutting part 5 is located around the pressure plate support 6; a positioning groove 7 is provided at the connection between the second end face 3 and the side surface 4. There are six positioning grooves 7, which are evenly distributed and spaced apart circumferentially along the second end face 3 and the side surface 4.

[0034] Example 2 See Figures 8-9 A cutting tool includes a contour turning insert as described in Embodiment 1, a tool holder 8, and a pressure plate 9. The tool holder 8 is provided with a positioning key 10. The insert is mounted on the tool holder 8. The tool holder 8 passes through a threaded hole 6. A fastening screw is installed in the threaded hole 6 and tightened onto the tool holder 9. The pressure plate 9 is pressed against the pressure plate support 6. The positioning key 10 and the positioning groove 7 are positioned and engaged, forming a triple positioning and fixing system of the threaded hole 6, the pressure plate 9, and the positioning groove 7. This greatly improves the reliability of the fit between the insert and the tool holder, enhances machining rigidity and cutting stability, increases service life, and reduces machining resistance and noise.

[0035] The cutting tool provided in this embodiment has an indexable insert with multiple cutting edges. When one of the cutting edges wears out, a new cutting edge can be replaced by rotating it.

[0036] The schematic diagram of the cutting tool during workpiece machining provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, its blade, during the cutting process, follows... Figure 10 The axial and radial feeds are performed in the direction indicated by the middle arrow. As the insert moves, the contact time between the chip and the cutting edge of the insert is different, and the resulting deformation is also different. This will lead to increased chip deformation and make the chip more prone to breakage. At the same time, the 3D changing chip breaker groove 53 can hold more cutting fluid, and the greater deformation of the chip increases the surface area, which can also increase the contact area with the cutting fluid. The combination of the two will lower the chip temperature and make it easier to break.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions, characterized in that, The blade body (1) includes a first end face (2), a second end face (3) and a side surface (4) connecting the first end face (2) and the second end face (3); the first end face (2) is provided with a cutting part (5), the cutting part (5) includes a chamfer (51), a cutting edge (52), a chip breaking groove (53) and a chip return groove (54) in sequence along the radial direction of the first end face (2), the chamfer (51) is connected to the side surface through a first arc (55), the first arc (55) is wavy along the circumference of the first end face (2).

2. The profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first arc (55) is provided with a number of protrusions and concave points, the protrusions and concave points are arranged at intervals, the width of the chip return groove (54) corresponding to the protrusion is d1, the width of the chip return groove (54) corresponding to the concave point is d2, and the ratio of d1 to d2 is 1.5~3.

3. The profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The radius of curvature R of the first arc (55) is 0.03mm~0.15mm, the width f of the chamfer (51) is 0.1mm~0.25mm, and the angle between the cross section of the chamfer (51) and the horizontal direction is 3~20°.

4. The profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first arc (55) includes arc segment one (551), straight segment one (552), arc segment two (553), straight segment two (554) and arc segment three (555) connected in sequence. Two adjacent protrusions are respectively provided on arc segment one (551) and arc segment three (555), and the concave point is provided on arc segment two (553).

5. The profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radius of curvature R of the first arc segment (551) and the third arc segment (555) is 4mm~8mm, the radius of curvature R of the second arc segment (553) is 1mm~3mm, the two ends of the first straight segment (552) are tangent to the first arc segment (551) and the second arc segment (553) respectively, and the two ends of the second straight segment (554) are tangent to the second arc segment (553) and the third arc segment (555) respectively; the angle between the first straight segment (552) and the second straight segment (554) and the horizontal direction is 4~12°.

6. The profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chamfer (51) is connected to the cutting edge (52) via the second arc (56), the cutting edge (52) is connected to the chip breaker groove (53) via the third arc (57), and the chip breaker groove (53) is connected to the chip return groove (54) via the fourth arc (58).

7. The profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The radius of curvature R of the second arc (56) is 0.2mm~0.8mm; the length of the cutting edge (52) is 0.2mm~0.45mm and the angle is 0°; the radius of curvature R of the third arc (57) is 0.3mm~1mm; the angle between the cross section of the chip breaker groove (53) and the horizontal direction is 5~30°; the radius of curvature R of the fourth arc (58) is 0.4mm~R1.5mm and the length is 1mm~2.8mm; the angle between the cross section of the chip return groove (54) and the horizontal direction is 35~65°.

8. The profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side (4) is truncated cone-shaped, and the angle between the side (4) and the vertical direction is 5~25°; the maximum inscribed circle diameter IC of the profile turning insert is 6~32mm; the tip height S of the insert body (1) is 3.97~9.525mm.

9. The profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The blade body (1) is provided with a through threaded hole (11), and a pressure plate support (6) is provided at the center of the first end face (2). The pressure plate support (6) protrudes from the first end face (2), and the cutting part (5) is located on the periphery of the pressure plate support (6). A positioning groove (7) is provided at the connection between the second end face (3) and the side (4).

10. A cutting tool, characterized in that, The tool includes the profile turning insert for difficult chip breaking conditions as described in claim 9, and also includes a tool holder (8) and a pressure plate (9). The tool holder (8) is provided with a positioning key (10). The tool holder (8) passes through the threaded hole (11). The pressure plate (9) is pressed against the pressure plate support (6). The positioning key (10) cooperates with the positioning groove (7).

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