Small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of small-diameter taper deep hole processing cutter, including handle, and the tool bit of setting in the head of handle, three uniformly spaced and the cutting edge part of spiral design is set on tool bit, cutting edge part is enlarged as taper from the front end of tool bit to rear end, adjacent cutting edge part between is provided with the spiral chip flute, the diameter of the circumcircle of cutting edge part front end is less than the inner diameter of taper deep hole orifice.The utility model does not participate in cutting in the front end tool tip part during processing, only by the side blade of cutter contact workpiece to process, reduce cutting force, reduce the risk of tool wear and tool breakage, while reduce the heat generation of cutter in processing process, reduce the probability of workpiece deformation, improve the qualified rate of taper deep hole processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of small-diameter taper deep hole machining technology, specifically relating to a small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 1 As shown, in the prior art, when processing a small-diameter taper deep hole (such as a taper of 1 / 50), a taper drill bit (8) is first used for rough processing, that is, a taper hole (9) is drilled on the workpiece (3) using a taper drill bit, and then a taper reamer (6) is used for finishing processing, that is, the taper reamer (6) is used to cut and grind the inner wall of the taper hole (9) to improve the smoothness of the inner wall taper surface.

[0003] However, during the above processing, the tapered drill bit has a large cutting force, which makes it very easy to wear out or even become unusable. Furthermore, the diameter of the tapered hole during rough machining is unstable (larger than the set diameter), which in turn causes the tapered reamer to be unable to completely cut the machined surface (the inner wall of the tapered hole) during finishing. Ultimately, this results in problems such as rough inner wall surface and substandard taper of the machined tapered hole. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tool for machining small-diameter taper deep holes, in order to solve the problem of low pass rate in machining small-diameter taper deep holes.

[0005] The present invention provides a small-diameter tapered deep hole machining tool as follows:

[0006] A small-diameter tapered deep hole machining tool includes a tool holder and a tool head disposed at the head of the tool holder. The tool head is provided with three evenly spaced and spirally designed cutting edges. The cutting edges expand into a tapered shape from the front end to the rear end of the tool head. Spiral chip removal grooves are provided between adjacent cutting edges. The outer diameter of the front end of the cutting edges is smaller than the inner diameter of the taper deep hole opening.

[0007] Furthermore, the taper angle tolerance range of the tapered structure formed by the cutting edge is ±5″.

[0008] Furthermore, the ratio of the arc angle α of the cutting edge to the arc angle b of the chip removal groove is 2:3.

[0009] Furthermore, the cutting edge is provided with a single-edged surface, and the front edge of the single-edged surface is the cutting edge.

[0010] Furthermore, the single-edged surface is located on the circumcircle surface with the blade axis as the center and the distance from the axis to the blade surface as the radius.

[0011] Furthermore, the ratio of the arc angle c of the single-edge surface to the arc angle a of the cutting edge is 1:7.

[0012] Furthermore, the rake angle of the single-edged surface is 0°, and the clearance angle d ranges from 25° to 40°.

[0013] Furthermore, the front end face of the cutter head is provided with a conical top, and the taper of the conical top is greater than the taper of the conical structure formed by the cutting edge.

[0014] Furthermore, a cooling water outlet hole for the cutting tip is provided at the axis of the cutting head and the cutting shank, extending through the entire axial direction of the cutting tool.

[0015] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] (1) The present invention designs the outer circle diameter of the cutting edge to be smaller than the inner diameter of the taper deep hole opening. During the processing, the tip of the cutting edge does not participate in the cutting, and only the side edge of the tool contacts the workpiece for processing, which reduces the cutting force, reduces the risk of tool wear and tool breakage, and at the same time reduces the heat generated by the tool during the processing, reduces the probability of workpiece deformation, and improves the pass rate of taper deep hole processing.

[0017] (2) The tool of this utility model adopts a three-blade design, which can be more stable when the tool contacts the workpiece, reduce the probability of tool vibration, improve the surface quality of the inner wall of the taper deep hole and the accuracy of the taper, and at the same time prevent the tool life from being shortened due to tool vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the machining process for small-diameter tapered deep holes in existing technology;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a small-diameter tapered deep hole machining tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the end of the small-diameter tapered deep hole machining tool of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, where the cutting head is located;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the machining process of a small-diameter tapered deep hole according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Machining tool, 1-1. Tool holder, 1-2. Tool tip, 1-3. Cutting edge, 1-31. Single cutting edge, 1-32. Cutting edge, 1-33. Chip groove, 1-4. Tapered top, 1-5. Tool tip cooling water outlet, 1-6. Straight drill bit, 2. Workpiece, 3. Straight hole, 4. Semi-finished tapered deep hole, 5. Tapered reamer, 6. Finished tapered deep hole, 7. Tapered drill bit, 8. Tapered hole, 9. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 2-5 As shown, a small-diameter tapered deep hole machining tool includes a tool holder 1-1 and a tool head 1-2 disposed at the head of the tool holder 1-1. The tool head 1-2 is provided with three evenly spaced and spirally designed cutting edges 1-3. The cutting edges 1-3 expand into a tapered shape from the front end to the rear end of the tool head 1-2. Spiral chip removal grooves 1-4 are provided between adjacent cutting edges 1-3. The outer diameter of the front end of the cutting edges 1-3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the taper deep hole opening.

[0028] For example, if the diameter of the taper-shaped deep hole to be machined is 10mm, then the outer diameter of the front end of the cutting edge 1-3 is less than 10mm, so that the tip part (front end section) of the cutting head 1-2 does not participate in cutting. The axial length of the part that does not participate in cutting is determined by the taper of the cutting head 1-2 (that is, the cutting edge 1-3 expands from the front end of the cutting head 1-2 to the rear end into a taper structure).

[0029] In order to enable rapid tool change and improve machining efficiency, the taper angle tolerance range of the tapered structure formed by the cutting edge 1-3 is ±5″.

[0030] When the taper of the taper deep hole to be machined is 1 / 50, its taper angle can be calculated to be 1.146°. Then the taper angle of the taper structure formed by the cutting edge 1-3 is in the range of 1.145° to 1.147°, that is, the tolerance range is kept within ±5″.

[0031] By adopting this tolerance range, the problem of excessive fluctuation range after machining caused by excessive angle tolerance of machining tool 1 can be avoided. At the same time, it can realize the rapid replacement of machining tool 1 without the need to readjust parameters after changing machining tool 1, so as to achieve the degree of applicability after replacement, reduce tool change time and improve machining efficiency.

[0032] The ratio of the arc angle α of the cutting edge 1-3 to the arc angle b of the chip groove 1-4 is 2:3.

[0033] Among them, the arc angle 'a' of the cutting edge 1-3 refers to the angle formed by connecting the axis of the tool head 1-2 to the two sides of the cutting edge 1-3 respectively. Correspondingly, the arc angle 'b' of the chip removal groove 1-4 refers to the angle formed by connecting the axis of the tool head 1-2 to the opposite sides of two adjacent cutting edges 1-3 respectively.

[0034] In this embodiment, the width of the cutting edge 1-3 is designed to be wider, which can improve the structural strength of the tool and further reduce the risk of tool breakage.

[0035] In order to use the side edge of the cutter head 1-2 to perform semi-finishing of the tapered deep hole, a single-edge face 1-31 is provided on the cutting edge 1-3, and the front edge of the single-edge face 1-31 is the cutting edge 1-32.

[0036] To ensure the structural strength of the cutting edge and increase stability during the cutting process, the single cutting edge 1-31 is located on the outer circular surface with the axis of the cutting head 1-2 as the center and the distance from the axis of the cutting head 1-2 to the single cutting edge 1-31 as the radius.

[0037] To further ensure cutting stability, the ratio of the arc angle c of the single-edge face 1-31 to the arc angle a of the cutting edge 1-3 is 1:7.

[0038] Among them, the arc angle c of the single-edge face 1-31 refers to the angle formed by connecting the axis of the cutter head 1-2 to the two sides of the single-edge face 1-31 respectively.

[0039] To reduce axial force during machining and ensure tool stability, the rake angle of the single-edge face 1-31 is 0°, and the clearance angle d ranges from 25° to 40°.

[0040] Specifically, the rake angle of the single-edge face 1-31 is 0°, meaning that the rake face 1-33 of the single-edge face 1-31 lies on the straight line containing the radius of the circumcircle with the axis of the cutter head 1-2 as the center and the distance from the axis of the cutter head 1-2 to the single-edge face 1-31 as the radius.

[0041] Preferably, the rear angle d is 34°.

[0042] To facilitate machining and ensure the structural strength of the cutting tip portion at the front end of the cutter head 1-2, a conical top 1-5 is provided on the front end face of the cutter head 1-2, and the taper of the conical top 1-5 is greater than the taper of the conical structure formed by the cutting edge portion 1-3.

[0043] In this embodiment, the taper f of the conical tops 1-5 is 140°.

[0044] In order to cool the tool during the machining process, a cooling water outlet hole 1-6 is provided at the axis of the tool tip 1-2 and the tool holder 1-1, which runs through the entire axis of the machining tool 1.

[0045] The diameter of the cooling water outlet hole 1-6 at the tip of the blade is not greater than the outer diameter of the front end of the conical top 1-5, that is, the front end of the cooling water outlet hole 1-6 at the tip of the blade is located at the conical top 1-5.

[0046] When machining a tapered deep hole with a bottom diameter of φ5 and a taper of 1 / 50, a straight drill bit 2 with a specification of φ5 is first used to drill a straight hole 4 on the workpiece 3. Then, the machining tool 1 disclosed in this utility model is used for semi-finishing to form a semi-finished tapered deep hole 5. Finally, a tapered reamer 6 is used for finishing, that is, the inner tapered surface of the semi-finished tapered deep hole 5 is reamed and ground to form a finished tapered deep hole 7 with a smooth inner tapered surface. In this machining process, because the machining tool 1 can achieve stable semi-finishing, the hole diameter stability of the semi-finished tapered deep hole 5 is guaranteed to be excellent. Consequently, the contact rate between the tapered reamer and the inner tapered surface of the semi-finished tapered deep hole 5 reaches more than 95%, so as to achieve efficient and high-precision machining of the inner tapered surface of the tapered deep hole, with a finished product qualification rate of up to 100%. In addition, the machining tool 1 used for semi-finishing has good stability, low probability of vibration, and long service life. Each tool can stably machine at least 1500 tapered deep holes.

[0047] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool, characterized in that, The tool includes a tool holder (1-1) and a tool head (1-2) disposed at the head of the tool holder (1-1). The tool head (1-2) is provided with three evenly spaced and spirally designed cutting edges (1-3). The cutting edges (1-3) expand into a tapered shape from the front end to the rear end of the tool head (1-2). A spiral chip removal groove (1-4) is provided between adjacent cutting edges (1-3). The outer diameter of the front end of the cutting edge (1-3) is smaller than the inner diameter of the opening of the tapered deep hole.

2. The small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The taper angle tolerance range of the tapered structure formed by the cutting edge (1-3) is ±5″.

3. The small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the arc angle α of the cutting edge (1-3) to the arc angle b of the chip groove (1-4) is 2:

3.

4. The small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting edge (1-3) is provided with a single-edge surface (1-31), and the front edge of the single-edge surface (1-31) is the cutting edge (1-32).

5. The small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The single-edged surface (1-31) is located on the outer circular surface with the axis of the cutter head (1-2) as the center and the distance from the axis to the cutting edge as the radius.

6. The small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ratio of the arc angle c of the single-edge surface (1-31) to the arc angle a of the cutting edge (1-3) is 1:

7.

7. The small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rake angle of the single-edged surface (1-31) is 0°, and the clearance angle d ranges from 25° to 40°.

8. The small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end face of the cutter head (1-2) is provided with a conical top (1-5), and the taper of the conical top (1-5) is greater than the taper of the conical structure formed by the cutting edge (1-3).

9. The small-diameter taper deep hole machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting head (1-2) and the handle (1-1) are provided with a cutting tip cooling water outlet (1-6) that runs through the entire cutting tool axis.

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