Hot end assembly and 3D printer

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a hot end assembly and a 3D printer, and belongs to the technical field of 3D printing. The hot end assembly comprises a heat dissipation mechanism and a heat insulation mechanism. The heat dissipation mechanism comprises a partition layer, a heat dissipation part and a connecting part located on both sides of the partition layer respectively. The connecting part and the partition layer form an accommodation fixing area for accommodating the heat insulation mechanism. The side of the partition layer facing the heat insulation mechanism is provided with a first limiting structure, and the side of the heat insulation mechanism facing the partition layer is provided with a second limiting structure. When the heat insulation mechanism rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism, it switches between a limiting state and an unlocked state. In the limiting state, the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are circumferentially limited, and the heat insulation mechanism is limited in the accommodation fixing area. In the unlocked state, the heat insulation mechanism can be separated from the heat dissipation mechanism along a first direction. The present disclosure realizes the quick installation and disassembly of the heat insulation mechanism and the heat dissipation mechanism.

Description

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202511105177.2, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on August 6, 2025, entitled "Hot End Component and 3D Printer", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and more particularly to a hot-end component and a 3D printer. Background Technology

[0003] 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a rapid prototyping technology that uses digital model files to build objects by layering materials through program control. 3D printing technology has different technical approaches, among which Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most widely used 3D printing technologies. Its principle involves heating thermoplastic materials to a molten state, extruding them through a printing nozzle, rapidly solidifying them, and then stacking them layer by layer in three-dimensional space to ultimately form a solid object.

[0004] The hot-end assembly is one of the core components of FDM 3D printing, and its performance and reliability are crucial to the final print quality. A typical hot-end assembly includes a heat dissipation component, a heating component, a throat, and a nozzle. The heating component melts the filament in the throat, which is then extruded through the nozzle. The heat dissipation component cools the filament upstream of the throat, preventing premature melting due to heat radiation from the heating component, which could clog the throat and disrupt the normal operation of the 3D printing process.

[0005] In related technologies, heat transfer to the heat dissipation component is prevented by setting a heat insulation component between the heat dissipation component and the heating component. The heat dissipation component and the heating component are spaced apart along a first direction, and the throat component passes through the heat dissipation component and the heating component and is fixed by a fixing component. However, in related technologies, the structure of fixing the throat component by the fixing component is complex and the operation is cumbersome, affecting the installation and disassembly efficiency of the throat component. Moreover, the throat component needs to be used as a connector, which means that the throat component is subject to mechanical stress for a long time, resulting in a short service life. In addition, the connection method between the heat insulation component and the heat dissipation component is complex and cannot achieve quick assembly and disassembly. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the problem of the inability to quickly assemble and disassemble the heat insulation components and heat dissipation components in related technologies, this specification provides a hot-end component and a 3D printer.

[0007] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a hot-end assembly is provided, the hot-end assembly including a heat dissipation mechanism and a heat insulation mechanism, the heat dissipation mechanism including a partition layer and heat dissipation portions and connecting portions respectively located on both sides of the partition layer in a first direction, wherein the first direction is the axial direction of the heat dissipation mechanism;

[0008] The connecting portion and the partition layer form a receiving and fixing area for accommodating the heat insulation mechanism;

[0009] The partition layer is provided with a first limiting structure on the side facing the heat insulation mechanism, and the heat insulation mechanism is provided with a second limiting structure on the side facing the partition layer;

[0010] When the heat insulation mechanism rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism in the accommodating and fixing area, the heat insulation mechanism switches between a limited state and an unlocked state, and the rotation plane of the heat insulation mechanism intersects with the first direction;

[0011] In the limited state, the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are circumferentially limited to restrict the heat insulation mechanism from rotating clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the heat dissipation mechanism in the receiving and fixing area, and the heat insulation mechanism is limited to the receiving and fixing area;

[0012] In the unlocked state, the circumferential limiting of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure is released, and the heat insulation mechanism can be separated from the heat dissipation mechanism along the first direction.

[0013] The hot-end assembly disclosed herein utilizes a receiving and fixing area formed by a separator and a connecting portion, as well as a first limiting structure and a second limiting structure on the separator and the thermal insulation mechanism. The thermal insulation mechanism rotates within the receiving and fixing area to achieve rapid switching between a limited state and an unlocked state. The thermal insulation mechanism can switch between the limited state and the unlocked state with a simple rotational motion, eliminating the need for complex tools or cumbersome operations. This design significantly improves the efficiency of assembling and disassembling the thermal insulation assembly.

[0014] Through the close cooperation of the partition layer and the heat insulation mechanism, heat transfer to the upstream of the throat is effectively blocked, effectively preventing the filament upstream of the throat from melting prematurely due to heat radiation, which could cause the throat to become blocked and affect the normal operation of the 3D printing process. Moreover, in conjunction with the design of the heat dissipation section, heat radiation to the upstream of the throat can be further blocked, ensuring that the filament upstream of the throat will not melt prematurely.

[0015] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the first limiting structure includes a first arc portion, and the second limiting structure includes a second arc portion adapted to the first arc portion. The first arc portion is provided with a first limiting surface, and the second arc portion is provided with a second limiting surface.

[0016] In the limited position state, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface abut against each other to restrict the heat insulation mechanism from rotating clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the heat dissipation mechanism, and the heat insulation mechanism is limited to the receiving and fixing area;

[0017] In the unlocked state, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface are separated, the heat insulation mechanism rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism, and the heat insulation mechanism can separate from the heat dissipation mechanism along the first direction.

[0018] In this type of embodiment, the heat insulation mechanism and the heat dissipation mechanism are quickly positioned and unlocked by rotational limiting of the "first arc portion + second arc portion". When the heat insulation mechanism rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism, the two arc portions ensure the coaxiality of the heat insulation mechanism and the heat dissipation mechanism, preventing them from wobbling. Moreover, in the limited state, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface abut against each other, forming a hard stop point to prevent over-rotation and ensure that the locking position is "accurate with a single rotation", significantly reducing the assembly accuracy requirements. In addition, the large contact area of ​​the arcs allows for high torque bearing capacity, which can improve the reliability of the connection.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the second arcuate portion is provided with an anti-rotation portion that extends radially toward the first arcuate portion and protrudes from the second arcuate portion, and the second limiting surface is located on the anti-rotation portion.

[0020] In this type of embodiment, the anti-rotation design further enhances the stability of the heat insulation mechanism in the limited position, preventing accidental rotation of the heat insulation mechanism during operation. The anti-rotation part protrudes from the second arc portion, providing a more reliable anti-rotation effect.

[0021] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the connecting portion has an access channel for installing the heat insulation mechanism, and the access channel communicates with the receiving and fixing area;

[0022] The heat insulation mechanism can enter the receiving and fixing area along the inlet and outlet channel and switch to the limiting state by rotation.

[0023] In this type of embodiment, the access channel allows the heat insulation mechanism to enter or exit the receiving and fixing area, while the receiving and fixing area provides rotational switching space for the heat insulation mechanism. This structural design allows the assembly of the heat dissipation mechanism and the heat insulation mechanism to be completed simply by inserting and rotating, which can effectively reduce assembly difficulty and improve assembly efficiency.

[0024] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the anti-rotation portion divides the second arc into a first arc segment and a second arc segment, the second arc segment and the mating surface of the anti-rotation portion are connected to form a positioning groove, and the mating surface and the second limiting surface are respectively located at different positions on the surface of the anti-rotation portion;

[0025] An extension area extending circumferentially along the first arc portion is provided on the periphery of the first limiting structure;

[0026] The heat insulation mechanism has a third state in which it is movable along the inlet / outlet channel in the first direction;

[0027] In the third state, the extension area is aligned and inserted into the positioning groove, and the heat insulation mechanism and the heat dissipation mechanism can rotate relative to each other.

[0028] In this type of embodiment, the design of the positioning groove and the extension area provides a pre-positioning function for the installation of the heat insulation mechanism. During installation, the extension area can be inserted into the positioning groove, and the two work together to prevent mistaken installation. This design, combined with the first and second limiting structures, allows the heat insulation mechanism to enter the limiting state simply by rotating after pre-positioning, achieving "two-step" quick installation and greatly reducing assembly time. In addition, the design of the positioning groove and the extension area also plays a guiding role during unlocking. After the heat insulation mechanism rotates a certain angle, the extension area inserts into the positioning groove. At this time, the heat insulation mechanism can exit the receiving and fixing area along the inlet and outlet channel, completing the separation of the heat insulation mechanism and the heat dissipation mechanism.

[0029] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the connecting portion includes two connecting wall panels and the two connecting wall panels are disposed opposite to each other;

[0030] Each of the connecting wall panels includes a first wall panel and a second wall panel; the first wall panel extends along the first direction, one end of the first wall panel of each of the two connecting wall panels is respectively connected to both ends of the partition layer, and the other end is provided with the second wall panel; the second wall panel extends from its connection with the first wall panel into the interior of the heat dissipation mechanism;

[0031] A first gap exists between the second wall panel of the two connecting wall panels and the partition layer, and the receiving and fixing area is formed at the first gap;

[0032] There is a second gap between the second wall panels of the two connecting wall panels, and the access channel is formed at the second gap.

[0033] In this type of embodiment, the specific structural design of the connecting wall panel, including the first wall panel and the second wall panel, and their mating relationship with the partition layer, forms a receiving and fixing area and an access channel. The access channel allows the heat insulation mechanism to enter or exit the receiving and fixing area, while the receiving and fixing area provides rotational switching space for the heat insulation mechanism. This structural design allows the assembly of the heat dissipation mechanism and the heat insulation mechanism to be completed simply by insertion and rotation, effectively reducing assembly difficulty and improving assembly efficiency.

[0034] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the heat insulation mechanism includes a heat insulation base and two connecting lugs, one end of each of the two connecting lugs being connected to the heat insulation base, and the other ends extending radially from the heat insulation base away from each other along the heat insulation mechanism, wherein the radial direction of the heat insulation mechanism is perpendicular to the first direction;

[0035] The heat-insulating base and the two connecting lugs together define the second limiting structure;

[0036] In the restricted position, the two connecting lugs abut against the second wall panel and the partition layer at their ends in the first direction, respectively.

[0037] In this type of embodiment, the heat insulation mechanism adopts a structure of "heat insulation base + two connecting lugs", as well as a design of a heat dissipation mechanism partition layer and a second wall panel. This allows the two connecting lugs to be clamped between the second wall panel and the partition layer when the heat insulation mechanism rotates to the limited position, forming a "clamping" type fixation where the upper and lower end faces are simultaneously subjected to force. This fixing method makes the force on the upper and lower ends of the heat insulation mechanism more uniform, and the installation and fixation more stable.

[0038] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the connecting lug is provided with a first fixing hole extending perpendicular to the first direction, and the first wall panel is provided with a second fixing hole extending perpendicular to the first direction. The first fixing hole and the second fixing hole correspond to each other to form an alignment relationship when the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are in limiting engagement.

[0039] The hot end assembly also includes a locking member, which is inserted into the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole when they are aligned.

[0040] In this type of embodiment, by providing a first fixing hole and a second fixing hole on the connecting lug and the first wall plate respectively, and in conjunction with the use of a locking member, the connection between the heat insulation mechanism and the heat dissipation mechanism is made more secure.

[0041] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the hot end assembly further includes a throat assembly and a mounting base;

[0042] The heat dissipation mechanism and the fixed base are detachably connected via the heat insulation mechanism;

[0043] The heat insulation mechanism, the heat dissipation mechanism, and the fixing base together define a throat channel that extends through the first direction.

[0044] The throat assembly includes a fixedly connected throat and a nozzle, the throat assembly being at least partially inserted in the throat channel and being rotatable relative to the fixed seat within the throat channel to switch between a first state and a second state.

[0045] In the first state, the fixing seat restricts the movement of the tracheal tube assembly in the first direction, and the tracheal tube assembly is confined within the tracheal tube channel. In the second state, the fixing seat removes the restriction on the tracheal tube assembly in the first direction, allowing the tracheal tube assembly to disengage from the tracheal tube channel along the first direction.

[0046] In this type of embodiment, the heat dissipation mechanism and the mounting base are detachably connected via a heat insulation mechanism, defining a throat channel. This allows the throat assembly to pass through and rotate relative to the mounting base to switch states, enabling rapid installation and removal of the throat assembly. Specifically, when the throat assembly rotates relative to the mounting base within the throat channel, it can switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the mounting base restricts the movement of the throat assembly in a first direction, confining the throat assembly within the throat channel to ensure its stability during printing. In the second state, the mounting base removes the restriction on the throat assembly, allowing it to quickly detach from the throat channel for easy replacement and maintenance. This rapid switching mechanism significantly improves the efficiency of the 3D printer, especially in multi-head printing or frequent nozzle changes, significantly reducing downtime and enhancing the continuity and flexibility of printing operations.

[0047] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, one of the fixing base and the nozzle is provided with a locking member, and the other is provided with a slot for the locking member to be inserted;

[0048] In the first state, the locking member is inserted into the slot, which restricts the movement of the throat assembly relative to the fixing seat in the first direction; in the second state, the throat assembly moves relative to the fixing seat along the first direction, and the locking member disengages from the slot.

[0049] In this type of embodiment, the fixing method between the throat assembly and the mounting base is optimized. By providing a locking element and a slot that cooperate in both the mounting base and the nozzle, in the first state, the locking element is inserted into the slot, restricting the movement of the throat assembly along a first direction and ensuring the stability of the throat assembly during printing. In the second state, the throat assembly moves along the first direction, and the locking element disengages from the slot, enabling quick disassembly of the throat assembly. The locking element and slot cooperation structure is simple and easy to operate, further improving the maintenance convenience of the hot-end assembly, allowing users to quickly replace the throat assembly, reducing downtime caused by nozzle clogging and other problems, and improving the overall working efficiency of the 3D printer.

[0050] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the fixing base is provided with the slot, the nozzle protrudes and is provided with the locking member, the slot includes an unlocking groove extending along the first direction and a locking groove extending along the second direction, the second direction intersecting the first direction;

[0051] One end of the unlocking slot is an open opening, and the other end of the unlocking slot is connected to the locking slot;

[0052] In the second state, the throat assembly moves relative to the fixed seat in the first direction, and the locking member disengages from the opening of the unlocking slot.

[0053] In this type of embodiment, the slot is refined into an approximately L-shaped channel consisting of an "unlocking slot + locking slot". This structure allows the locking component to be inserted into the unlocking slot in a first direction and then rotated around a second direction to enter the locking slot for positioning; it can be removed by rotating in the opposite direction and pulling back. This structure simplifies locking and disassembling the throat assembly to "one insertion and one rotation" or "one rotation and one pull", significantly reducing the number of steps and precision requirements for assembly and disassembly. At the same time, the L-shaped slot itself has a foolproof function, ensuring that the user can complete the operation in one go, thereby further improving the efficiency and reliability of quick disassembly.

[0054] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the fixing base includes a base portion and a sleeve portion disposed on one side of the base portion in the first direction, wherein the outer diameter of the sleeve portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the base portion;

[0055] The sleeve portion is detachably connected to the heat insulation mechanism, and the base portion is provided with the slot.

[0056] In this type of embodiment, the fixing seat is configured as a two-stage outer diameter structure consisting of a base portion and a sleeve portion. The sleeve portion is detachably connected to the heat insulation mechanism, and the base portion is provided with a slot for detachable connection to the throat assembly. By connecting the fixing seat to the heat insulation mechanism and the throat assembly at different locations, the number of parts and connection points are reduced, simplifying the overall structure.

[0057] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the hot end assembly further includes a heating mechanism, which is sleeved on the sleeve portion;

[0058] One end of the heat insulation mechanism in the first direction is connected to the sleeve portion to limit the heating mechanism between the heat insulation mechanism and the base portion, and the other end of the heat insulation mechanism in the first direction is connected to the heat dissipation mechanism.

[0059] In this type of embodiment, the heating mechanism is fitted into the sleeve portion and axially clamped by the heat insulation mechanism and the base portion to achieve a "sandwich" type limiting. On the one hand, the heating mechanism does not need to rely on threads or other methods to connect with the heat insulation or heat dissipation components, eliminating the risk of poor connection caused by thermal expansion and contraction; on the other hand, the heat insulation mechanism simultaneously undertakes the dual functions of "fixation + heat insulation", requiring no additional parts, reducing the number of parts and improving assembly efficiency.

[0060] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the heating mechanism includes an annular heating body, which is sleeved on the sleeve portion. The annular heating body is limited and fixed between the base portion and the heat insulation mechanism, and the two ends of the annular heating body in the first direction abut against the heat insulation mechanism and the base portion, respectively.

[0061] In this type of embodiment, the ring-shaped heating element makes the heating more uniform, and the ring-shaped heating element is limited and fixed between the base and the heat insulation mechanism, which can ensure that the heating mechanism remains in a stable position during operation and improve the printing quality.

[0062] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a mounting hole is provided on the surface of the base that contacts the heating mechanism, a temperature sensor is installed in the mounting hole, and the heating mechanism abuts against the base to limit the temperature sensor.

[0063] In this type of embodiment, a mounting hole is provided in the base for mounting the temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is limited by the contact between the heating mechanism and the base. This design not only provides a stable mounting position for the temperature sensor, but also ensures that the temperature sensor can accurately detect the temperature of the heating mechanism, thereby achieving precise control of the heating process and improving the accuracy and quality of printing.

[0064] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the heat insulation mechanism has a connection hole extending along the first direction, and the heat insulation mechanism is connected to the fixed base through the connection hole.

[0065] In this type of embodiment, the connecting hole extending along the first direction on the heat insulation mechanism is connected to the fixing seat, which helps to form coaxial positioning, thereby ensuring the overall coaxiality of the heating mechanism, the heat insulation mechanism and the heat dissipation mechanism, and improving the overall regularity and structural stability of the hot end assembly.

[0066] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the heat insulation mechanism further includes a structural reinforcing ring, which is nested and fixed at the connection hole;

[0067] The structural reinforcing ring component includes at least a metal ring;

[0068] The metal ring is provided with an internal thread, and the end of the fixed seat near the heat insulation mechanism has an external thread. The internal thread and the external thread are threaded together to realize the connection between the heat insulation mechanism and the fixed seat.

[0069] In this type of embodiment, by nesting a reinforcing ring at the connection hole of the heat insulation mechanism, particularly using a metal ring as the reinforcing member, the structural strength and rigidity of the heat insulation mechanism are significantly improved. Furthermore, the design of the reinforcing ring further enhances heat insulation, improving the overall heat insulation effect of the heat insulation mechanism. The internal thread on the metal ring mates with the external thread of the fixing seat, achieving a secure connection between the heat insulation mechanism and the fixing seat.

[0070] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a 3D printer is provided, the 3D printer including a hot end assembly as described in the first or second aspect.

[0071] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this specification. Attached Figure Description

[0072] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this specification.

[0073] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hot-end component structure in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0074] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the hot-end component in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0075] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation mechanism structure in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0076] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation mechanism in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0077] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation mechanism structure in another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0078] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal insulation mechanism structure in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0079] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed base structure in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0080] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the third state of the thermal insulation structure in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0081] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the heat insulation mechanism rotating relative to the heat dissipation mechanism in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0082] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting state of the heat insulation mechanism in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0083] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0084] 100-Throat assembly; 110-Throat; 120-Nozzle; 121-Locking element; 200-Heat dissipation mechanism; 210-Separation layer; 220-Heat dissipation part; 221-Heat dissipation frame; 222-Heat dissipation fins; 230-Connecting part; 231-Connecting wall panel; 2311-First wall panel; 11a-Second fixing hole; 2312-Second wall panel; 240-Accommodation fixing area; 250-Inlet / outlet channel; 260-First limiting structure; 261-First arc part; 262-First limiting surface; 263-Extension area; 300-Heat insulation mechanism; 310-Heat insulation base; 311-Connecting hole; 3 12-Structural reinforcing ring; 320-Connecting lug; 321-First fixing hole; 330-Second limiting structure; 331-Second arc portion; 3311-First arc segment; 3312-Second arc segment; 332-Second limiting surface; 333-Anti-rotation portion; 334-Positioning groove; 335-Mating surface; 400-Fixing seat; 410-Base portion; 411-Slot; 4111-Unlocking groove; 4112-Locking groove; 412-Mounting hole; 420-Sleeve portion; 500-Heating mechanism; 510-Annular heating element; 600-Locking component; 700-Throat channel; Y-First direction. Detailed Implementation

[0085] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0086] Although relative terms such as "up" and "down" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another, these terms are used only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the component described as "up" will become the component described as "down." When a structure is "up" of another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" mounted on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" mounted on the other structure through another structure.

[0087] The terms “a,” “one,” “the,” “the,” and “at least one” are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms “including” and “having” are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion and to mean that there may be other elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., are used only as markers and are not a limitation on the number of objects.

[0088] In this disclosure, terms such as "perpendicular" and "equal" refer to perpendicularity and equality within the range of process error, not absolute perpendicularity and equality. Process error can be within ±10% or ±5%. For example, if the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular, it can be understood that the angle between the first direction and the second direction can be 90° ± 5°.

[0089] like Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments of this disclosure, a hot-end assembly is provided, which includes a heat dissipation mechanism 200 and a heat insulation mechanism 300. The heat dissipation mechanism 200 includes a partition layer 210 and heat dissipation portions 220 and connecting portions 230 located on both sides of the partition layer 210 in a first direction Y. The connecting portion 230 and the partition layer 210 form a receiving and fixing area 240 for accommodating the heat insulation mechanism 300. A first limiting structure 260 is provided on the side of the partition layer 210 facing the heat insulation mechanism 300, and a second limiting structure 330 is provided on the side of the heat insulation mechanism 300 facing the partition layer 210.

[0090] When the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200 within the receiving and fixing area 240, the heat insulation mechanism 300 switches between a limited state and an unlocked state, and the rotation plane of the heat insulation mechanism 300 can intersect with the first direction Y. In the limited state, the first limiting structure 260 and the second limiting structure 330 circumferentially limit the heat insulation mechanism 300 relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200 within the receiving and fixing area 240, restricting the heat insulation mechanism 300 from rotating clockwise or counterclockwise within the receiving and fixing area 240, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 is confined within the receiving and fixing area 240. In the unlocked state, the circumferential limiting of the first limiting structure 260 and the second limiting structure 330 is released, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 can separate from the heat dissipation mechanism 200 along the first direction Y.

[0091] The hot-end assembly provided in this disclosure utilizes a receiving and fixing area 240 formed by a partition layer 210 and a connecting portion 230, and a first limiting structure 260 and a second limiting structure 330 on the partition layer 210 and the thermal insulation mechanism 300. The thermal insulation mechanism 300 achieves rapid switching between a limited state and an unlocked state by rotating within the receiving and fixing area 240. The thermal insulation mechanism 300 can switch between the limited state and the unlocked state with a simple rotational movement, without the need for complex tools or cumbersome operations. This design significantly improves the efficiency of assembling and disassembling the thermal insulation assembly.

[0092] The close cooperation between the partition layer 210 and the heat insulation mechanism 300 effectively blocks heat transfer to the upstream of the throat 110, preventing the filament upstream of the throat 110 from melting prematurely due to heat radiation, which could cause the throat 110 to become blocked and affect the normal operation of the 3D printing process. Furthermore, the design of the heat dissipation unit 220 further blocks heat radiation to the upstream of the throat 110, ensuring that the filament upstream of the throat 110 does not melt prematurely.

[0093] The following section will provide a detailed description of each component of the hot-end assembly provided in this disclosure, with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0094] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the hot-end assembly provided in this disclosure can be used in a 3D printer. The hot-end assembly includes a heat dissipation mechanism 200 and a heat insulation mechanism 300, and may further include a throat assembly 100. The throat assembly 100 includes a throat 110 and a nozzle 120. Under heating conditions, the throat assembly 100 can heat and melt the filament in the throat 110, and the melted filament is extruded through the nozzle 120. The heat dissipation mechanism 200 is used to cool the filament upstream of the throat 110, preventing it from melting prematurely due to heat radiation from the heating assembly, which could cause the throat 110 to become blocked and affect the normal operation of the 3D printing process. The heat insulation mechanism 300 is used to block heat transfer upstream of the throat 110, preventing premature melting of the filament upstream of the throat 110.

[0095] The heat dissipation mechanism 200 includes a partition layer 210 and heat dissipation portions 220 and connecting portions 230 located on both sides of the partition layer 210 in the first direction Y. The connecting portions 230 and the partition layer 210 form a receiving and fixing area 240 for accommodating the heat insulation mechanism 300. A first limiting structure 260 is provided on the side of the partition layer 210 facing the heat insulation mechanism 300, and a second limiting structure 330 is provided on the side of the heat insulation mechanism 300 facing the partition layer 210.

[0096] The heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates within the receiving and fixing area 240 to achieve rapid switching between the limited and unlocked states. Specifically, the heat insulation mechanism 300 can rotate around the central axis of the receiving and fixing area 240, which is parallel to the first direction Y. The rotation plane of the heat insulation mechanism 300 is perpendicular to the first direction Y.

[0097] The first limiting structure 260 includes a first arcuate portion 261, and the second limiting structure 330 includes a second arcuate portion 331 adapted to the first arcuate portion 261. The centers of the first arcuate portion 261 and the second arcuate portion 331 are located on the central axis of the receiving and fixing area 240. The first arcuate portion 261 is provided with a first limiting surface 262, and the second arcuate portion 331 is provided with a second limiting surface 332. When the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200, the heat insulation mechanism 300 switches between a limiting state and an unlocked state. For example, when the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates clockwise along the first arcuate portion 261 by a certain angle, the second arcuate portion 331 has the same arc size as the first arcuate portion 261, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 switches from the unlocked state to the limiting state. When the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates back, that is, rotates counterclockwise along the first arcuate portion 261 by the same angle, it switches back from the limiting state to the unlocked state. Alternatively, the heat insulation mechanism 300 can rotate counterclockwise by a certain angle along the first arc portion 261, switching from the unlocked state to the limited state. When the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates back, that is, rotates clockwise by the same angle along the first arc portion 261, it switches from the limited state back to the unlocked state.

[0098] In the limited position, the first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 abut against each other to restrict the heat insulation mechanism 300 from rotating clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 is limited to the receiving and fixing area 240. Figure 10 It should be clarified that when in the limited position, the first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 abut against each other. Their function is to restrict the rotation of the heat insulation mechanism 300 relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200 in a specific direction, such as clockwise or counterclockwise, but not to absolutely restrict the rotation of the heat insulation mechanism 300 in all directions. Specifically, if the abutment of the first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 restricts the clockwise rotation of the heat insulation mechanism 300, it indicates that the heat insulation mechanism 300 can still rotate counterclockwise.

[0099] In the unlocked state, the first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 are separated, the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 can be separated from the heat dissipation mechanism 200.

[0100] In this type of embodiment, the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200 are quickly positioned and unlocked by the rotational limiting of the "first arc portion 261 + second arc portion 331". When the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200, the two arc portions ensure the coaxiality of the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200, preventing them from wobbling. Moreover, in the limited state, the first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 abut against each other to form a hard stop point, preventing over-rotation and ensuring that the locking position is "accurate with a single rotation", significantly reducing the assembly accuracy requirements. In addition, the large arc mating area and high torque bearing capacity can improve the connection reliability.

[0101] like Figure 6 As shown in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the second arcuate portion 331 is provided with an anti-rotation portion 333 extending radially toward the first arcuate portion 261 and protruding from the second arcuate portion 331, and the second limiting surface 332 is located on the anti-rotation portion 333. The anti-rotation portion 333 can be a protrusion. The design of the anti-rotation portion 333 further enhances the stability of the heat insulation mechanism 300 in the limited state and prevents the heat insulation mechanism 300 from rotating accidentally during operation.

[0102] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the connecting portion 230 has an access channel 250 for mounting the heat insulation mechanism 300, and the access channel 250 connects to the receiving and fixing area 240. The heat insulation mechanism 300 can enter the receiving and fixing area 240 along the access channel 250 and switch to a limited position by rotation.

[0103] In this type of embodiment, the access channel 250 allows the heat insulation mechanism 300 to enter or exit the receiving and fixing area 240, while the receiving and fixing area 240 provides rotational switching space for the heat insulation mechanism 300. This structural design allows the assembly of the heat dissipation mechanism 200 and the heat insulation mechanism 300 to be completed simply by insertion and rotation, which can effectively reduce assembly difficulty and improve assembly efficiency.

[0104] The anti-rotation portion 333 divides the second arc portion 331 into a first arc segment 3311 and a second arc segment 3312. The second arc segment 3312 and the mating surface 335 of the anti-rotation portion 333 are connected to form a positioning groove 334. The mating surface 335 and the second limiting surface 332 are located at different positions on the surface of the anti-rotation portion 333. Optionally, the mating surface 335 and the second limiting surface 332 are arranged opposite to each other. The arc length of the second arc segment 3312 is less than the arc length of the first arc segment 3311.

[0105] like Figure 4 As shown, the first limiting structure 260 has an extension area 263 extending circumferentially along the first arc portion 261 on its periphery. The extension area 263 can be inserted into the positioning groove 334. The outer surface of the extension area 263 is arc-shaped, and the curvature is the same as that of the first arc portion 261, that is, the same as that of the second arc portion 331, so that the shape of the extension area 263 is adapted to the positioning groove 334.

[0106] The heat insulation mechanism 300 has a third state that is movable along the inlet / outlet channel 250 in the first direction Y. In the third state, the extension area 263 is aligned and inserted into the positioning groove 334. Figure 8 The heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200 can rotate relative to each other. Their states during rotation can be referenced. Figure 9 It should be noted that the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200 can rotate relative to each other as long as they can rotate in either clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0107] In this type of embodiment, the design of the positioning groove 334 and the extension area 263 provides a pre-positioning function for the installation of the heat insulation mechanism 300. During installation, the extension area 263 can be inserted into the positioning groove 334, and the two work together to prevent mistaken installation. This design, combined with the first limiting structure 260 and the second limiting structure 330, allows the heat insulation mechanism 300 to enter the limiting state simply by rotating after pre-positioning, achieving "two-step" quick installation and greatly reducing assembly time. In addition, the design of the positioning groove 334 and the extension area 263 also plays a guiding role during unlocking. After the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates a certain angle, the extension area 263 inserts into the positioning groove 334. At this time, the heat insulation mechanism 300 can exit the receiving and fixing area 240 along the inlet and outlet channel 250, completing the separation of the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200.

[0108] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, optionally, the connecting portion 230 includes two connecting wall panels 231, which are disposed on the side of the partition layer 210 facing the heat insulation mechanism 300, and are disposed opposite to each other. Each connecting wall panel 231 includes a first wall panel 2311 and a second wall panel 2312; the first wall panel 2311 extends along a first direction Y, one end of the first wall panel 2311 of the two connecting wall panels 231 is respectively connected to both ends of the partition layer 210, and the other end is provided with the second wall panel 2312; the second wall panel 2312 extends into the heat dissipation mechanism 200 from its junction with the first wall panel 2311.

[0109] A first gap exists between the second wall panel 2312 of the two connecting wall panels 231 and the partition layer 210, forming a receiving and fixing area 240. A second gap exists between the second wall panels 2312 of the two connecting wall panels 231, forming an access channel 250.

[0110] In this type of embodiment, the access channel 250 allows the heat insulation mechanism 300 to enter or exit the receiving and fixing area 240, while the receiving and fixing area 240 provides rotational switching space for the heat insulation mechanism 300. This structural design allows the assembly of the heat dissipation mechanism 200 and the heat insulation mechanism 300 to be completed simply by insertion and rotation, which can effectively reduce assembly difficulty and improve assembly efficiency.

[0111] Optionally, the heat dissipation unit 220 includes a heat dissipation frame 221 and heat dissipation fins 222 spaced apart along the axial direction of the heat dissipation frame 221. The heat dissipation fins 222 are disposed on the inner side of the heat dissipation frame 221, extending radially from the heat dissipation frame 221 towards the throat channel 700. Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins 222 are disposed on the outer side of the heat dissipation frame 221, extending radially from the heat dissipation frame 221 away from the throat channel 700. The heat dissipation frame 221 may be generally a cuboid frame, but is not limited thereto. There may be multiple heat dissipation fins 222, which may be arranged at intervals according to a certain pattern.

[0112] The heat dissipation unit 220 includes two sets of heat dissipation fins 222, which are arranged opposite each other in the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation frame 221. Each set of heat dissipation fins 222 may include multiple heat dissipation fins 222 that are equally spaced along the first direction Y. Alternatively, the heat dissipation unit 220 includes at least three sets of heat dissipation fins 222, which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation frame 221. Each set of heat dissipation fins 222 may include multiple heat dissipation fins 222 that are equally spaced along the first direction Y.

[0113] like Figure 6As shown, the heat insulation mechanism 300 includes a heat insulation base 310 and two connecting lugs 320. One end of each connecting lug 320 is connected to the heat insulation base 310, and the other ends extend radially from the heat insulation base 310 away from each other along the heat insulation mechanism 300. The radial direction of the heat insulation mechanism 300 is perpendicular to the first direction Y. Optionally, the heat insulation base 310 is generally frustum-shaped, with two oppositely arranged outer sectional surfaces on its outer periphery. The two connecting lugs 320 are respectively connected to opposite ends of the heat insulation base 310 in the radial direction, specifically at the outer arc end, rather than the outer sectional surface end. The two connecting lugs 320 protrude from the outer periphery of the heat insulation base 310, and the outer periphery of the two connecting lugs 320 is approximately arc-shaped. Each connecting lug 320 also has two oppositely arranged outer sectional surfaces. The outer sectional surfaces of the connecting lugs 320 are flush with the outer sectional surfaces of the heat insulation base 310.

[0114] like Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the heat-insulating base 310 and the two connecting lugs 320 together define the second limiting structure 330. The space between the two connecting lugs 320 can be used to accommodate the first limiting structure 260. The sidewalls of the two connecting lugs 320, which are arranged opposite each other, are approximately arc-shaped and can be used to form the second arc portion 331. In the limiting state, the two ends of the two connecting lugs 320 in the first direction Y abut against the second wall plate 2312 and the partition layer 210, respectively. Thus, the heat insulation mechanism 300 adopts the structure of "heat-insulating base 310 + two connecting lugs 320", and the design of the heat dissipation mechanism 200 partition layer 210 and the second wall plate 2312, so that when the heat insulation mechanism 300 is rotated to the limiting state, the two connecting lugs 320 are clamped between the second wall plate 2312 and the partition layer 210, forming a "clamping" type fixation where the upper and lower end faces are simultaneously subjected to force. This fixing method makes the upper and lower ends of the heat insulation mechanism 300 more evenly stressed and the installation and fixation more stable.

[0115] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the connecting lug 320 is provided with a first fixing hole 321 radially along the heat insulation mechanism 300, and the first wall plate 2311 is provided with a second fixing hole 11a extending perpendicular to the first direction Y. The first fixing hole 321 and the second fixing hole 11a correspond to each other to form an alignment relationship when the first limiting structure 260 and the second limiting structure 330 are engaged. The heat dissipation mechanism 200 is radially perpendicular to the first direction Y. The hot end assembly also includes a locking member 600, which is inserted into the first fixing hole 321 and the second fixing hole 11a when they are engaged. The locking member 600 can be a pin or a threaded member, but is not limited to these.

[0116] In this type of embodiment, by providing a first fixing hole 321 and a second fixing hole 11a on the connecting lug 320 and the first wall plate 2311 respectively, and in conjunction with the use of the locking member 600, the connection between the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200 is made more secure.

[0117] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hot-end assembly also includes a throat assembly 100 and a mounting base 400. The heat dissipation mechanism 200 and the mounting base 400 are detachably connected via a heat insulation mechanism 300. The heat insulation mechanism 300, the heat dissipation mechanism 200, and the mounting base 400 together define a throat channel 700 extending through the throat in a first direction Y. The throat assembly 100 includes a fixedly connected throat 110 and a nozzle 120. The throat assembly 100 is at least partially inserted into the throat channel 700 and is rotatable relative to the mounting base 400 within the throat channel 700 to switch between a first state and a second state. The first state can be understood as a locked state of the throat assembly 100, in which the throat assembly 100 is confined within the throat channel 700. The second state can be understood as an unlocked state of the throat assembly 100, in which the throat assembly 100 can disengage from the throat channel 700.

[0118] Specifically, in the first state, the fixing seat 400 restricts the movement of the throat assembly 100 in the first direction Y, and the throat assembly 100 is confined within the throat channel 700. In the second state, the fixing seat 400 removes the restriction on the throat assembly 100 in the first direction Y, allowing the throat assembly 100 to disengage from the throat channel 700 along the first direction Y.

[0119] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation mechanism 200 and the fixed base 400 are detachably connected by the heat insulation mechanism 300, defining the throat channel 700. This allows the throat assembly 100 to pass through and rotate relative to the fixed base 400 to switch states, enabling rapid installation and removal of the throat assembly 100. Specifically, when the throat assembly 100 rotates relative to the fixed base 400 within the throat channel 700, it can switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the fixed base 400 restricts the movement of the throat assembly 100 in the first direction Y, confining the throat assembly 100 within the throat channel 700 to ensure its stability during printing. In the second state, the fixed base 400 removes the restriction on the throat assembly 100, allowing it to quickly detach from the throat channel 700 for easy replacement and maintenance. This rapid switching mechanism significantly improves the efficiency of the 3D printer, especially in multi-head printing or frequent nozzle 120 changes, significantly reducing downtime and enhancing the continuity and flexibility of printing operations. Moreover, the heat dissipation mechanism and the heat insulation mechanism do not need to be connected through the throat assembly. In other words, the throat assembly does not need to bear additional load, which can ensure the structural strength of the throat assembly and improve its service life.

[0120] For example, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, in the mounting base 400 and nozzle 120, one is provided with a locking member 121, and the other is provided with a slot 411 into which the locking member 121 is inserted. The locking member 121 can be a boss or pin protruding perpendicular to the first direction Y, and the slot 411 is a groove or through groove formed on the corresponding component. In the first state, the locking member 121 is inserted into the slot 411, and the groove wall of the slot 411 can abut against the outer peripheral surface of the locking member 121, thus restricting the movement of the throat assembly 100 relative to the mounting base 400 in the first direction Y. In the second state, the throat assembly 100 moves relative to the mounting base 400 in the first direction Y, and the locking member 121 disengages from the slot 411.

[0121] In this type of embodiment, the locking member 121 and the slot 411 have a simple mating structure, and the fixing base 400 and the nozzle 120 form a pluggable mating, which is easy to operate and further improves the maintenance convenience of the hot end assembly, enabling users to quickly replace the throat assembly 100.

[0122] Specifically, the mounting base 400 is provided with a slot 411, and the nozzle 120 is provided with a protruding locking member 121. The protruding direction of the locking member 121 can be radially along the nozzle 120 or at a certain angle to the radial direction of the nozzle 120. The locking member 121 can be columnar or block-shaped, but is not limited to these. There can be two locking members 121, and the two locking members 121 can be arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the nozzle 120. The slot 411 includes an unlocking groove 4111 extending along a first direction Y and a locking groove 4112 extending along a second direction X, which intersects with the first direction Y. Optionally, the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Y. One end of the unlocking groove 4111 is open, and the other end of the unlocking groove 4111 communicates with the locking groove 4112. The unlocking groove 4111 and the locking combination can form a generally L-shaped slot 411. In the second state, the throat assembly 100 moves relative to the fixed base 400 along the first direction Y, and the locking member 121 disengages from the opening of the unlocking slot 4111. The number of slots 411 can also be two, each corresponding to one of the two locking members 121.

[0123] In this type of embodiment, the slot 411 is refined into an approximately L-shaped channel of "unlocking slot 4111 + locking slot 4112". This structure allows the locking member 121 to simply insert into the unlocking slot 4111 along the first direction Y, and then rotate around the second direction X to enter the locking slot 4112 to complete the limiting; it can be removed by rotating in the opposite direction and pulling back. This structure simplifies the locking and disassembly of the throat assembly 100 to "one insertion and one rotation" or "one rotation and one pull", significantly reducing the number of installation and disassembly steps and the accuracy requirements. At the same time, the L-shaped slot itself has a foolproof function, ensuring that the user can complete the operation in one go, thereby further improving the efficiency and reliability of quick disassembly.

[0124] Continue as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the fixing base 400 includes a base portion 410 and a sleeve portion 420 disposed on one side of the base portion 410 in the first direction Y. The outer diameter of the sleeve portion 420 is smaller than the outer diameter of the base portion 410. The sleeve portion 420 may be generally cylindrical. The sleeve portion 420 is detachably connected to the heat insulation mechanism 300. Optionally, the fixing base 400 is threadedly connected to the heat insulation mechanism 300 or snap-fitted.

[0125] For example, the heat insulation mechanism 300 has a connecting hole 311 extending along the first direction Y, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 is connected to the fixed base 400 through the connecting hole 311. Specifically, the heat insulation base 310 has a connecting hole 311 extending along the first direction Y, and the heat insulation base 310 is connected to the sleeve portion 420 through the connecting hole 311. The sleeve portion 420 is provided with external threads, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 is provided with internal threads. The sleeve portion 420 and the heat insulation mechanism 300 are threadedly connected through the external threads and internal threads.

[0126] Furthermore, the heat insulation mechanism 300 also includes a structural reinforcing ring 312, which is nested and fixed at the connecting hole 311. The structural reinforcing ring 312 includes at least a metal ring. Specifically, the metal ring has an internal thread, and the end of the sleeve portion 420 away from the base portion 410 has an external thread. The internal thread and the external thread are threaded together to connect the heat insulation base 310 and the sleeve portion 420.

[0127] By nesting and fixing a structural reinforcing ring 312 at the connection hole 311 of the heat insulation mechanism 300, especially by using a metal ring as a reinforcing member, the structural strength and rigidity of the heat insulation mechanism 300 are significantly improved. Furthermore, the design of the structural reinforcing ring 312 further contributes to heat insulation, enhancing the overall heat insulation effect of the heat insulation mechanism 300. The internal thread on the metal ring mates with the external thread of the fixing seat 400, achieving a secure connection between the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the fixing seat 400.

[0128] The base portion 410 is provided with a slot 411. The base portion 410 may be generally a frustum structure with a hollow center. The hollow center area can be used to form a throat channel 700. The slot 411 may be provided on the inner sidewall of the base portion 410, that is, the sidewall of the throat channel 700. The slot 411 may penetrate through the inner and outer sidewalls of the base portion 410, or it may not penetrate through. Preferably, the slot 411 is a through groove that penetrates through the inner and outer sidewalls of the base portion 410. In this way, the locking member 121 can be set to be larger, enhancing the stability of the locking member 121 when inserted into the slot 411. Furthermore, in the first state, when the locking member 121 is inserted into the slot 411, the two are in an interference fit to prevent the locking member 121 from rotating accidentally.

[0129] In this type of embodiment, the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the throat assembly 100 are connected to different parts of the fixing seat 400 respectively, which reduces the number of parts and connection points and simplifies the overall structure.

[0130] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the hot end assembly further includes a heating mechanism 500, which is sleeved on the sleeve portion 420. The heating mechanism 500 is used to heat and melt the consumable in the throat tube 110, and the melted consumable is extruded through the nozzle 120. The heating mechanism 500 may be an annular heating element 510, sleeved around the periphery of the sleeve portion 420. One end of the heat insulation mechanism 300 in the first direction Y is connected to the sleeve portion 420 to limit the heating mechanism 500 between the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the base portion 410, and the other end of the heat insulation mechanism 300 in the first direction Y is connected to the heat dissipation mechanism 200.

[0131] In this type of embodiment, the heating mechanism 500 is fitted into the sleeve portion 420 and axially clamped by the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the base portion 410, achieving a "sandwich" type limiting. On the one hand, the heating mechanism 500 does not need to rely on threads or other methods to connect with the heat insulation component or heat dissipation component, eliminating the hidden danger of poor connection caused by thermal expansion and contraction; on the other hand, the heat insulation mechanism 300 simultaneously undertakes the dual functions of "fixing + heat insulation", requiring no additional parts, reducing the number of parts, and improving assembly efficiency.

[0132] Specifically, the annular heating element 510 is fixed between the base portion 410 and the heat insulation mechanism 300, and the two ends of the annular heating element 510 in the first direction Y respectively abut against the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the base portion 410.

[0133] For example, a mounting hole 412 is provided on the surface of the base portion 410 that contacts the heating mechanism 500. A temperature sensor is installed in the mounting hole 412, and the heating mechanism 500 abuts against the base portion 410 to limit the temperature sensor. The opening of the mounting hole 412 faces the heating mechanism 500 to facilitate temperature measurement of the heating mechanism 500. Providing a mounting hole 412 in the base portion 410 for mounting the temperature sensor, and limiting the temperature sensor by the contact between the heating mechanism 500 and the base portion 410, not only provides a stable mounting position for the temperature sensor but also ensures that the temperature sensor can accurately detect the temperature of the heating mechanism 500, thereby achieving precise control of the heating process. Furthermore, while the heating mechanism 500 is limited and fixed by the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the fixing seat 400, the heating mechanism 500 also limits the temperature sensor, eliminating the need for additional components specifically for limiting the temperature sensor, resulting in a more compact overall structure.

[0134] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this disclosure also provides a hot-end assembly for use in a 3D printer. The hot-end assembly includes a throat assembly 100, a heat dissipation mechanism 200, a heat insulation mechanism 300, and a mounting base 400. The heat dissipation mechanism 200 and the mounting base 400 are detachably connected via the heat insulation mechanism 300. The heat insulation mechanism 300, the heat dissipation mechanism 200, and the mounting base 400 together define a throat channel 700 extending through the throat in a first direction Y. The throat assembly 100 includes a fixedly connected throat 110 and a nozzle 120. The throat assembly 100 is at least partially inserted into the throat channel 700 and is rotatable relative to the mounting base 400 within the throat channel 700 to switch between a first state and a second state.

[0135] In the first state, the fixing seat 400 restricts the movement of the tracheal tube assembly 100 in the first direction Y, and the tracheal tube assembly 100 is confined within the tracheal tube channel 700. In the second state, the fixing seat 400 removes the restriction on the tracheal tube assembly 100 in the first direction Y, allowing the tracheal tube assembly 100 to disengage from the tracheal tube channel 700 along the first direction Y.

[0136] The hot end assembly provided in this disclosure detachably connects the heat dissipation mechanism 200 and the fixing base 400 through the heat insulation mechanism 300 and defines the throat channel 700, so that the throat assembly 100 can be inserted therein and can rotate relative to the fixing base 400 to switch states, thereby realizing the quick installation and removal of the throat assembly 100.

[0137] Specifically, when the throat assembly 100 rotates relative to the fixed base 400 within the throat channel 700, it can switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the fixed base 400 restricts the movement of the throat assembly 100 in the first direction Y, and the throat assembly 100 is confined within the throat channel 700, ensuring the stability of the throat assembly 100 during printing. In the second state, the fixed base 400 removes the restriction on the throat assembly 100, allowing it to quickly detach from the throat channel 700 for easy replacement and maintenance. This rapid switching mechanism greatly improves the efficiency of the 3D printer, especially in multi-head printing or frequent nozzle 120 changes, significantly reducing downtime and improving the continuity and flexibility of printing operations.

[0138] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hot-end assembly provided in this disclosure can be used in a 3D printer. The hot-end assembly includes a throat assembly 100, a heat dissipation mechanism 200, a heat insulation mechanism 300, and a mounting base 400. The throat assembly 100 includes a throat 110 and a nozzle 120. Under heating conditions, the throat assembly 100 can heat and melt the filament in the throat 110, and the melted filament is extruded through the nozzle 120. The heat dissipation mechanism 200 is used to cool the filament upstream of the throat 110 to prevent it from melting prematurely due to heat radiation from the heating assembly, which could cause the throat 110 to become blocked and affect the normal operation of the 3D printing process. The heat insulation mechanism 300 is used to block heat transfer to the upstream of the throat 110 to prevent the filament upstream of the throat 110 from melting prematurely.

[0139] The heat dissipation mechanism 200 and the mounting base 400 are detachably connected via the heat insulation mechanism 300. The heat insulation mechanism 300, the heat dissipation mechanism 200, and the mounting base 400 together define a throat channel 700 extending through along the first direction Y. The heat dissipation mechanism 200, the heat insulation mechanism 300, and the mounting base 400 can be arranged generally along the first direction Y, and the throat channel 700 can pass through the heat dissipation mechanism 200, the heat insulation mechanism 300, and the mounting base 400.

[0140] The throat tube assembly 100 is inserted within the throat tube channel 700 and is rotatable relative to the fixed base 400 within the throat tube channel 700. The axis of rotation of the throat tube assembly 100 can coincide with the central axis of the throat tube channel 700. When the throat tube assembly 100 rotates, it can switch between a first state and a second state. The first state can be understood as the locked state of the throat tube assembly 100, in which the throat tube assembly 100 is confined within the throat tube channel 700. The second state can be understood as the unlocked state of the throat tube assembly 100, in which the throat tube assembly 100 can disengage from the throat tube channel 700.

[0141] Specifically, in the first state, the fixing seat 400 restricts the movement of the tracheal assembly 100 in the first direction Y, and the tracheal assembly 100 is confined within the tracheal channel 700. In the second state, the fixing seat 400 removes the restriction on the tracheal assembly 100 in the first direction Y, allowing the tracheal assembly 100 to disengage from the tracheal channel 700 along the first direction Y.

[0142] For example, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, in the mounting base 400 and nozzle 120, one is provided with a locking member 121, and the other is provided with a slot 411 into which the locking member 121 is inserted. The locking member 121 can be a boss or pin protruding perpendicular to the first direction Y, and the slot 411 is a groove or through groove formed on the corresponding component. In the first state, the locking member 121 is inserted into the slot 411, and the groove wall of the slot 411 can abut against the outer peripheral surface of the locking member 121, thus restricting the movement of the throat assembly 100 relative to the mounting base 400 in the first direction Y. In the second state, the throat assembly 100 moves relative to the mounting base 400 in the first direction Y, and the locking member 121 disengages from the slot 411.

[0143] In this type of embodiment, the locking member 121 and the slot 411 have a simple mating structure, and the fixing base 400 and the nozzle 120 form a pluggable mating, which is easy to operate and further improves the maintenance convenience of the hot end assembly, enabling users to quickly replace the throat assembly 100.

[0144] Optionally, the mounting base 400 is provided with a slot 411, and the nozzle 120 is provided with a protruding locking member 121. The protruding direction of the locking member 121 can be radially along the nozzle 120 or at a certain angle to the radial direction of the nozzle 120. The locking member 121 can be columnar or block-shaped, but is not limited to these. There can be two locking members 121, and the two locking members 121 can be arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the nozzle 120. The slot 411 includes an unlocking groove 4111 extending along a first direction Y and a locking groove 4112 extending along a second direction X, which intersects with the first direction Y. Optionally, the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Y. One end of the unlocking groove 4111 is open, and the other end of the unlocking groove 4111 communicates with the locking groove 4112. The unlocking groove 4111 and the locking combination can form a generally L-shaped slot 411. In the second state, the throat assembly 100 moves relative to the fixed base 400 along the first direction Y, and the locking member 121 disengages from the opening of the unlocking slot 4111. The number of slots 411 can also be two, each corresponding to one of the two locking members 121.

[0145] In this type of embodiment, the slot 411 is refined into an approximately L-shaped channel of "unlocking slot 4111 + locking slot 4112". This structure allows the locking member 121 to simply insert into the unlocking slot 4111 along the first direction Y, and then rotate around the second direction X to enter the locking slot 4112 to complete the limiting; it can be removed by rotating in the opposite direction and pulling back. This structure simplifies the locking and disassembly of the throat assembly 100 to "one insertion and one rotation" or "one rotation and one pull", significantly reducing the number of installation and disassembly steps and the accuracy requirements. At the same time, the L-shaped slot itself has a foolproof function, ensuring that the user can complete the operation in one go, thereby further improving the efficiency and reliability of quick disassembly.

[0146] Continue as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the fixing base 400 includes a base portion 410 and a sleeve portion 420 disposed on one side of the base portion 410 in a first direction Y. The outer diameter of the sleeve portion 420 is smaller than the outer diameter of the base portion 410. The sleeve portion 420 may be generally cylindrical. The sleeve portion 420 is detachably connected to the heat insulation mechanism 300. Optionally, the sleeve portion 420 may be threadedly connected to or snap-fitted with the heat insulation mechanism 300. Exemplarily, the sleeve portion 420 is provided with external threads, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 is provided with internal threads. The sleeve portion 420 and the heat insulation mechanism 300 are threadedly connected through the external and internal threads. The base portion 410 is provided with a slot 411. The base portion 410 may be generally a frustum structure with a hollow center. The hollow center area can be used to form a throat channel 700. The slot 411 can be located on the inner wall of the base portion 410, i.e., the side wall of the throat channel 700. The slot 411 can penetrate both the inner and outer walls of the base portion 410, or it can not penetrate them. Preferably, the slot 411 is a through groove that penetrates both the inner and outer walls of the base portion 410. In this way, the locking member 121 can be set to be larger, enhancing the stability of the locking member 121 when inserted into the slot 411. Furthermore, in the first state, when the locking member 121 is inserted into the slot 411, the two are in an interference fit to prevent the locking member 121 from rotating accidentally.

[0147] In this type of embodiment, the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the throat assembly 100 are connected to different parts of the fixing seat 400 respectively, which reduces the number of parts and connection points and simplifies the overall structure.

[0148] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the hot end assembly further includes a heating mechanism 500, which is sleeved on the sleeve portion 420. The heating mechanism 500 is used to heat and melt the consumable in the throat tube 110, and the melted consumable is extruded through the nozzle 120. The heating mechanism 500 may be an annular heating element 510, sleeved around the periphery of the sleeve portion 420. One end of the heat insulation mechanism 300 in the first direction Y is connected to the sleeve portion 420 to limit the heating mechanism 500 between the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the base portion 410, and the other end of the heat insulation mechanism 300 in the first direction Y is connected to the heat dissipation mechanism 200.

[0149] In this type of embodiment, the heating mechanism 500 is fitted into the sleeve portion 420 and axially clamped by the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the base portion 410, achieving a "sandwich" type limiting. On the one hand, the heating mechanism 500 does not need to rely on threads or other methods to connect with the heat insulation component or heat dissipation component, eliminating the hidden danger of poor connection caused by thermal expansion and contraction; on the other hand, the heat insulation mechanism 300 simultaneously undertakes the dual functions of "fixing + heat insulation", requiring no additional parts, reducing the number of parts, and improving assembly efficiency.

[0150] Specifically, the annular heating element 510 is limited and fixed between the base portion 410 and the heat insulation mechanism 300, and the two ends of the annular heating element 510 in the first direction Y respectively abut against the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the base portion 410.

[0151] For example, a mounting hole 412 is provided on the surface of the base portion 410 that contacts the heating mechanism 500. A temperature sensor is installed in the mounting hole 412, and the heating mechanism 500 abuts against the base portion 410 to limit the temperature sensor. The opening of the mounting hole 412 faces the heating mechanism 500 to facilitate temperature measurement of the heating mechanism 500. Providing a mounting hole 412 in the base portion 410 for mounting the temperature sensor, and limiting the temperature sensor by the contact between the heating mechanism 500 and the base portion 410, not only provides a stable mounting position for the temperature sensor but also ensures that the temperature sensor can accurately detect the temperature of the heating mechanism 500, thereby achieving precise control of the heating process.

[0152] like Figures 1 to 4As shown in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the heat dissipation mechanism 200 includes a partition layer 210 and heat dissipation portions 220 and connecting portions 230 located on both sides of the partition layer 210. The heat dissipation portions 220 and connecting portions 230 are arranged along a first direction Y. The partition layer 210 can be a plate-like structure used to divide the heat dissipation mechanism 200 into sections. The connecting portions 230 and the partition layer 210 form a receiving and fixing area 240 for accommodating the heat insulation mechanism 300. In this embodiment, the receiving and fixing area 240 formed by the connecting portions 230 and the partition layer 210 provides a good installation and fixing environment for the heat insulation mechanism 300, enabling the heat insulation mechanism 300 to be stably connected to the heat dissipation mechanism 200. At the same time, the design of the heat dissipation portions 220 can effectively dissipate heat and improve heat dissipation efficiency.

[0153] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the heat dissipation unit 220 includes a heat dissipation frame 221 and heat dissipation fins 222 spaced apart along the axial direction of the heat dissipation frame 221. The heat dissipation fins 222 are located on the inner side of the heat dissipation frame 221, extending radially from the heat dissipation frame 221 towards the throat channel 700. Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins 222 are located on the outer side of the heat dissipation frame 221, extending radially from the heat dissipation frame 221 away from the throat channel 700. The heat dissipation frame 221 may be generally a cuboid frame, but is not limited thereto. There are multiple heat dissipation fins 222, which can be arranged at intervals according to a certain pattern.

[0154] The heat dissipation unit 220 includes two sets of heat dissipation fins 222, which are arranged opposite each other in the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation frame 221. Each set of heat dissipation fins 222 may include multiple heat dissipation fins 222 that are equally spaced along the first direction Y. Alternatively, the heat dissipation unit 220 includes at least three sets of heat dissipation fins 222, which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation frame 221. Each set of heat dissipation fins 222 may include multiple heat dissipation fins 222 that are equally spaced along the first direction Y.

[0155] The connecting portion 230 includes two connecting wall panels 231, which are disposed on the side of the partition layer 210 facing the heat insulation mechanism 300 and are arranged opposite to each other. Each connecting wall panel 231 includes a first wall panel 2311 and a second wall panel 2312. The first wall panel 2311 extends along a first direction Y, with one end connected to the partition layer 210 and the other end provided with the second wall panel 2312. The second wall panel 2312 extends from its junction with the first wall panel 2311 toward the throat channel 700.

[0156] A first gap exists between the second wall panel 2312 of the two connecting wall panels 231 and the partition layer 210, forming a receiving and fixing area 240. A second gap exists between the second wall panels 2312 of the two connecting wall panels 231, forming an access channel 250 for the installation of the heat insulation mechanism 300. The heat insulation mechanism 300 can enter the receiving and fixing area 240 along the access channel 250 and rotate to a limited position where it is fixedly connected to the heat dissipation mechanism 200.

[0157] In this type of embodiment, the access channel 250 allows the heat insulation mechanism 300 to enter or exit the receiving and fixing area 240, while the receiving and fixing area 240 provides rotational switching space for the heat insulation mechanism 300. This structural design allows the assembly of the heat dissipation mechanism 200 and the heat insulation mechanism 300 to be completed simply by insertion and rotation, which can effectively reduce assembly difficulty and improve assembly efficiency.

[0158] like Figure 6 As shown, the heat insulation mechanism 300 includes a heat insulation base 310 and two connecting lugs 320. One end of each connecting lug 320 is connected to the heat insulation base 310, and the other ends extend radially from the heat insulation base 310 away from each other along the heat insulation mechanism 300. The radial direction of the heat insulation mechanism 300 is perpendicular to the first direction Y. Optionally, the heat insulation base 310 is generally frustum-shaped, with two oppositely arranged outer sectional surfaces on its outer periphery. The two connecting lugs 320 are respectively connected to opposite ends of the heat insulation base 310 in the radial direction, specifically at the outer arc end, rather than the outer sectional surface end. The two connecting lugs 320 protrude from the outer periphery of the heat insulation base 310, and the outer periphery of the two connecting lugs 320 is approximately arc-shaped. Each connecting lug 320 also has two oppositely arranged outer sectional surfaces. The outer sectional surfaces of the connecting lugs 320 are flush with the outer sectional surfaces of the heat insulation base 310.

[0159] like Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 6 As shown, in the limited position, the two connecting lugs 320 abut against the second wall panel 2312 and the partition layer 210 at their ends in the first direction Y, respectively. Thus, the heat insulation mechanism 300 adopts a structure of "heat insulation base 310 + two connecting lugs 320," and the design of the partition layer 210 and the second wall panel 2312 in the heat dissipation mechanism 200 ensures that when the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates to the limited position, the two connecting lugs 320 are clamped between the second wall panel 2312 and the partition layer 210, forming a "clamping" type fixation where the upper and lower end faces are simultaneously subjected to force. This fixing method makes the force on the upper and lower ends of the heat insulation mechanism 300 more uniform, and the installation and fixation more stable.

[0160] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200 are detachably connected. Exemplarily, a first limiting structure 260 protruding towards the heat insulation mechanism 300 is provided on the side of the partition layer 210 facing the heat insulation mechanism 300. The first limiting structure 260 includes a first arcuate portion 261. The heat insulation base 310 and two connecting lugs 320 together define a second limiting structure 330, which includes a second arcuate portion 331 adapted to the first arcuate portion 261. Further, the space between the two connecting lugs 320 can be used to accommodate the first limiting structure 260. The sidewalls of the two connecting lugs 320, which are disposed opposite to each other, are generally arcuate and can be used to form the second arcuate portion 331.

[0161] The first arc portion 261 is provided with a first limiting surface 262, and the second arc portion 331 is provided with a second limiting surface 332. The first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 can be planar. When the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200, the heat insulation mechanism 300 switches between an unlocked state and a limited state. For example, when the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates clockwise around the first arc portion 261 by a certain angle, the second arc portion 331 and the first arc portion 261 have the same radius of curvature, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 switches from the unlocked state to the limited state. When the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates back, that is, rotates counterclockwise around the first arc portion 261 by the same angle, it switches back from the limited state to the unlocked state. Alternatively, when the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates counterclockwise around the first arc portion 261 by a certain angle, the heat insulation mechanism 300 switches from the unlocked state to the limited state. When the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates, that is, rotates clockwise by the same angle along the first arc portion 261, it switches from the limited state back to the unlocked state.

[0162] In the unlocked state, the first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 are separated, the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 can be separated from the heat dissipation mechanism 200. In the limited state, the first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 abut against each other to restrict the heat insulation mechanism 300 from rotating clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200, and the heat insulation mechanism 300 is limited to the receiving and fixing area 240. Figure 10 It should be clarified that when in the limited position, the first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 abut against each other. Their function is to restrict the rotation of the heat insulation mechanism 300 relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200 in a specific direction, such as clockwise or counterclockwise, but not to absolutely restrict the rotation of the heat insulation mechanism 300 in all directions. Specifically, if the abutment of the first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 restricts the clockwise rotation of the heat insulation mechanism 300, it indicates that the heat insulation mechanism 300 can still rotate counterclockwise.

[0163] The heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200 are quickly positioned and unlocked via a rotational limiting pair consisting of a first arc portion 261 and a second arc portion 331. When the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism 200, the two arc portions ensure the coaxiality of the two mechanisms, preventing them from wobbling. Furthermore, in the limited-position state, the first limiting surface 262 and the second limiting surface 332 abut against each other, forming a hard stop point to prevent over-rotation and ensure precise locking – "one turn and it's accurate," significantly reducing assembly precision requirements. In addition, the large arc mating area and high torque capacity improve connection reliability.

[0164] like Figure 6 As shown, the second arcuate portion 331 is provided with an anti-rotation portion 333 extending towards the first arcuate portion 261 and protruding beyond the second arcuate portion 331, and the second limiting surface 332 is located on the anti-rotation portion 333. The anti-rotation portion 333 can be a protrusion. The design of the anti-rotation portion 333 further enhances the stability of the heat insulation mechanism 300 in the limited state and prevents the heat insulation mechanism 300 from rotating unexpectedly during operation.

[0165] The anti-rotation portion 333 divides the second arc portion 331 into a first arc segment 3311 and a second arc segment 3312. A positioning groove 334 is formed between the mating surface 335 of the second arc segment 3312 and the anti-rotation portion 333. The mating surface 335 and the second limiting surface 332 are located at different positions on the surface of the anti-rotation portion 333. Optionally, the mating surface 335 and the second limiting surface 332 are arranged opposite to each other. The arc length of the second arc segment 3312 is less than the arc length of the first arc segment 3311.

[0166] like Figure 4 As shown, the first limiting structure 260 has an extension area 263 extending circumferentially along the first arc portion 261 on its periphery. The extension area 263 can be inserted into the positioning groove 334. The outer surface of the extension area 263 is arc-shaped, and the curvature is the same as that of the first arc portion 261, that is, the same as that of the second arc portion 331, so that the shape of the extension area 263 is adapted to the positioning groove 334.

[0167] The heat insulation mechanism 300 has a third state that is movable along the inlet / outlet channel 250 in the first direction Y. In the third state, the extension area 263 is aligned and inserted into the positioning groove 334. Figure 8 The heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200 can rotate relative to each other. Their states during rotation can be referenced. Figure 9 It should be noted that the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200 can rotate relative to each other as long as they can rotate in either clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0168] In this type of embodiment, the design of the positioning groove 334 and the extension area 263 provides a pre-positioning function for the installation of the heat insulation mechanism 300. During installation, the extension area 263 can be inserted into the positioning groove 334, and the two work together to prevent mistaken installation. This design, combined with the first limiting structure 260 and the second limiting structure 330, allows the heat insulation mechanism 300 to enter the limiting state simply by rotating after pre-positioning, achieving "two-step" quick installation and greatly reducing assembly time. In addition, the design of the positioning groove 334 and the extension area 263 also plays a guiding role during unlocking. After the heat insulation mechanism 300 rotates a certain angle, the extension area 263 inserts into the positioning groove 334. At this time, the heat insulation mechanism 300 can exit the receiving and fixing area 240 along the inlet and outlet channel 250, completing the separation of the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200.

[0169] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the connecting lug 320 is provided with a first fixing hole 321 radially along the heat insulation mechanism 300, and the first wall plate 2311 is provided with a second fixing hole 11a extending perpendicular to the first direction Y. The first fixing hole 321 and the second fixing hole 11a correspond to each other to form an alignment relationship when the first limiting structure 260 and the second limiting structure 330 are engaged. The heat dissipation mechanism 200 is radially perpendicular to the first direction Y. The hot end assembly also includes a locking member 600, which is inserted into the first fixing hole 321 and the second fixing hole 11a when they are engaged. The locking member 600 may be a pin or a threaded member, but is not limited thereto.

[0170] In this type of embodiment, by providing a first fixing hole 321 and a second fixing hole 11a on the connecting lug 320 and the first wall plate 2311 respectively, and in conjunction with the use of the locking member 600, the connection between the heat insulation mechanism 300 and the heat dissipation mechanism 200 is made more secure.

[0171] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the heat insulation base 310 has a connecting hole 311 extending along a first direction Y, and the heat insulation base 310 is connected to the sleeve portion 420 through the connecting hole 311. The heat insulation base 310 also includes a structural reinforcing ring 312, which is nested and fixed at the connecting hole 311. The structural reinforcing ring includes at least a metal ring. The metal ring is provided with an internal thread, and the end of the sleeve portion 420 away from the base portion 410 has an external thread. The internal thread and the external thread are threadedly connected to achieve the connection between the heat insulation base 310 and the sleeve portion 420.

[0172] In this type of embodiment, by nesting and fixing a structural reinforcing ring 312 at the connection hole 311 of the heat insulation base 310, and in particular by using a metal ring as a reinforcing member, the structural strength and rigidity of the heat insulation base 310 are significantly improved. The internal thread on the metal ring mates with the external thread of the sleeve portion 420, thus achieving a firm connection between the heat insulation base 310 and the sleeve portion 420.

[0173] This disclosure also provides a 3D printer, which includes a hot-end assembly from any of the above embodiments. The specific structure of the hot-end assembly can be found in the above embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0174] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility models disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hot-end assembly, characterized in that, The hot end assembly includes a heat dissipation mechanism and a heat insulation mechanism. The heat dissipation mechanism includes a partition layer and heat dissipation portions and connecting portions located on both sides of the partition layer in a first direction, wherein the first direction is the axial direction of the heat dissipation mechanism. The connecting portion and the partition layer form a receiving and fixing area for accommodating the heat insulation mechanism; The partition layer is provided with a first limiting structure on the side facing the heat insulation mechanism, and the heat insulation mechanism is provided with a second limiting structure on the side facing the partition layer; When the heat insulation mechanism rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism in the accommodating and fixing area, the heat insulation mechanism switches between a limited state and an unlocked state, and the rotation plane of the heat insulation mechanism intersects with the first direction; In the limited position state, the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are circumferentially limited, restricting the heat insulation mechanism from rotating clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the heat dissipation mechanism in the receiving and fixing area, and the heat insulation mechanism is limited to the receiving and fixing area; In the unlocked state, the circumferential limiting of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure is released, and the heat insulation mechanism can be separated from the heat dissipation mechanism along the first direction.

2. The hot-end assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first limiting structure includes a first arc portion, and the second limiting structure includes a second arc portion adapted to the first arc portion. The first arc portion is provided with a first limiting surface, and the second arc portion is provided with a second limiting surface. In the limited position state, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface abut against each other, restricting the heat insulation mechanism from rotating clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the heat dissipation mechanism, and the heat insulation mechanism is limited to the receiving and fixing area; In the unlocked state, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface are separated, the heat insulation mechanism rotates relative to the heat dissipation mechanism, and the heat insulation mechanism can separate from the heat dissipation mechanism along the first direction.

3. The hot-end assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second arc portion is provided with an anti-rotation portion that extends radially toward the first arc portion and protrudes from the second arc portion, and the second limiting surface is located on the anti-rotation portion.

4. The hot-end assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting part has an access channel for the installation of the heat insulation mechanism, and the access channel is connected to the receiving and fixing area; The heat insulation mechanism can enter the receiving and fixing area along the inlet and outlet channel and switch to the limiting state by rotation.

5. The hot-end assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The anti-rotation part divides the second arc into a first arc segment and a second arc segment. The second arc segment and the mating surface of the anti-rotation part are connected to form a positioning groove. The mating surface and the second limiting surface are located at different positions on the surface of the anti-rotation part. An extension area extending circumferentially along the first arc portion is provided on the periphery of the first limiting structure; The heat insulation mechanism has a third state in which it is movable along the inlet / outlet channel in the first direction; In the third state, the extension area is aligned and inserted into the positioning groove, and the heat insulation mechanism and the heat dissipation mechanism can rotate relative to each other.

6. The hot-end assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting part includes two connecting wall panels and the two connecting wall panels are arranged opposite to each other; Each of the connecting wall panels includes a first wall panel and a second wall panel; the first wall panel extends along the first direction, one end of the first wall panel of each of the two connecting wall panels is respectively connected to both ends of the partition layer, and the other end is provided with the second wall panel; the second wall panel extends from its connection with the first wall panel into the interior of the heat dissipation mechanism; A first gap exists between the second wall panel of the two connecting wall panels and the partition layer, and the receiving and fixing area is formed at the first gap; There is a second gap between the second wall panels of the two connecting wall panels, and the access channel is formed at the second gap.

7. The hot-end assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat insulation mechanism includes a heat insulation base and two connecting lugs. One end of each of the two connecting lugs is connected to the heat insulation base, and the other end extends from the heat insulation base away from each other along the radial direction of the heat insulation mechanism. The radial direction of the heat insulation mechanism is perpendicular to the first direction. The heat-insulating base and the two connecting lugs together define the second limiting structure; In the restricted position, the two connecting lugs abut against the second wall panel and the partition layer at their ends in the first direction, respectively.

8. The hot-end assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connecting lug is provided with a first fixing hole in the radial direction of the heat insulation mechanism, and the first wall plate is provided with a second fixing hole extending in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The first fixing hole and the second fixing hole correspond to each other so as to form an alignment relationship when the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are in a limiting engagement. The hot end assembly also includes a locking member, which is inserted into the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole when they are aligned.

9. The hot-end assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hot end assembly also includes a throat assembly and a mounting base; The heat dissipation mechanism and the fixed base are detachably connected via the heat insulation mechanism; The heat insulation mechanism, the heat dissipation mechanism, and the fixing base together define a throat channel that extends through the first direction. The throat assembly includes a fixedly connected throat and a nozzle, the throat assembly being at least partially inserted in the throat channel and being rotatable relative to the fixed seat within the throat channel to switch between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the fixing seat restricts the movement of the tracheal tube assembly in the first direction, and the tracheal tube assembly is confined within the tracheal tube channel. In the second state, the fixing seat removes the restriction on the tracheal tube assembly in the first direction, allowing the tracheal tube assembly to disengage from the tracheal tube channel along the first direction.

10. The hot-end assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, Of the fixed base and the nozzle, one is provided with a locking member, and the other is provided with a slot for the locking member to be inserted. In the first state, the locking member is inserted into the slot, and the slot restricts the movement of the throat assembly relative to the fixing seat in the first direction; In the second state, the throat assembly moves relative to the fixing seat in the first direction, and the locking member disengages from the slot.

11. The hot-end assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, The fixed base is provided with the slot, the nozzle protrudes and is provided with the locking member, the slot includes an unlocking groove extending along the first direction and a locking groove extending along the second direction, the second direction intersecting the first direction; One end of the unlocking slot is an open opening, and the other end of the unlocking slot is connected to the locking slot; In the second state, the throat assembly moves relative to the fixed seat in the first direction, and the locking member disengages from the opening of the unlocking slot.

12. The hot-end assembly according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The fixing base includes a base portion and a sleeve portion disposed on one side of the base portion in the first direction, wherein the outer diameter of the sleeve portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the base portion; The sleeve portion is detachably connected to the heat insulation mechanism, and the base portion is provided with the slot; The hot end assembly also includes a heating mechanism, which is sleeved on the sleeve portion; One end of the heat insulation mechanism in the first direction is connected to the sleeve portion to limit the heating mechanism between the heat insulation mechanism and the base portion, and the other end of the heat insulation mechanism in the first direction is connected to the heat dissipation mechanism.

13. The hot-end assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that, The heating mechanism includes an annular heating element, which is sleeved on the sleeve portion. The annular heating element is limited and fixed between the base portion and the heat insulation mechanism, and the two ends of the annular heating element in the first direction respectively abut against the heat insulation mechanism and the base portion.

14. The hot-end assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, The heat insulation mechanism has a connecting hole extending along the first direction, and the heat insulation mechanism is connected to the fixed base through the connecting hole; The heat insulation mechanism also includes a structural reinforcing ring, which is nested and fixed at the connection hole; The structural reinforcing ring component includes at least a metal ring; The metal ring is provided with an internal thread, and the end of the fixed seat near the heat insulation mechanism has an external thread. The internal thread and the external thread are threaded together to realize the connection between the heat insulation mechanism and the fixed seat.

15. A 3D printer, characterized in that, The 3D printer includes the hot end assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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