Farad capacitor charging conversion circuit, power supply device, electric vehicle positioning circuit

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of farad capacitor charging conversion circuit, power supply device, electric vehicle positioning circuit, comprising: input protection subcircuit, with external power supply is connected, protector and filter;DC-DC control chip, with input protection subcircuit is connected, generates switching signal, and according to the feedback of output voltage to adjust the duty cycle of switch, output voltage;Power conversion subcircuit, with DC-DC control chip is connected, input voltage is converted to meet the demand output voltage;Output filter subcircuit, with power conversion subcircuit is connected, for filtering;Negative feedback subcircuit, with DC-DC control chip and power conversion subcircuit is connected respectively, utilizes negative feedback to adjust output voltage;Farad capacitor, with output filter subcircuit and negative feedback subcircuit is connected respectively, for storing electric energy, so, the utility model further reduces cost, expands the working temperature range of circuit, enhances the environmental adaptability of overall equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of charging and discharging circuit technology, specifically to a supercapacitor charging conversion circuit, a power supply device, and an electric vehicle positioning circuit. Background Technology

[0002] In existing vehicle battery status monitoring systems, lithium batteries are typically used as backup power to provide temporary power to the monitoring circuits when the main battery is disconnected, enabling the reporting of a "battery disconnection" event signal. However, using lithium batteries presents several challenges: First, lithium batteries themselves are expensive, and their assembly and welding processes are complex, further increasing overall material and manufacturing costs. Second, lithium batteries are highly sensitive to ambient temperature, with their extreme operating temperature range generally between -20°C and 60°C, while their safe and reliable operating range is even narrower, typically between 0°C and 40°C. This is difficult to match with the temperature tolerance of other parts of the vehicle's electronic systems, which often range from -30°C to 70°C, thus reducing the environmental adaptability and long-term reliability of the entire monitoring system. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention was developed to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a supercapacitor charging conversion circuit, a power supply device, and an electric vehicle positioning circuit.

[0004] This utility model provides a supercapacitor charging conversion circuit, characterized by the following features: an input protection sub-circuit connected to an external power supply for protecting devices and filtering; a DC-DC control chip connected to the input protection sub-circuit for generating a switching signal and adjusting the duty cycle of the switching transistor and the output voltage based on feedback from the output voltage; a power conversion sub-circuit connected to the DC-DC control chip for converting the input voltage into a required output voltage; an output filtering sub-circuit connected to the power conversion sub-circuit for filtering; a negative feedback sub-circuit connected to both the DC-DC control chip and the power conversion sub-circuit for regulating the output voltage using negative feedback; and a supercapacitor connected to both the output filtering sub-circuit and the negative feedback sub-circuit for storing electrical energy; wherein the input protection sub-circuit is also connected to a first output terminal, and the output filtering sub-circuit is also connected to a second output terminal.

[0005] The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit provided by this utility model may also have the following feature: the input protection sub-circuit includes: a first diode, the positive terminal of which is connected to an external power supply to prevent reverse connection of the positive and negative terminals of the external power supply; a first capacitor, the positive terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode, and the negative terminal is grounded, to filter out low-frequency noise; a second diode, the negative terminal of which is connected to the positive terminal of the first capacitor, and the positive terminal is grounded, to absorb surge voltage and spike pulses and protect the circuit; and a second capacitor, the first end of which is connected to the positive terminal of the first capacitor and the VIN pin of the DC-DC control chip respectively, and the second end is grounded, to filter out high-frequency noise.

[0006] The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit provided by this utility model may also have the following features, wherein the power conversion sub-circuit includes: a third capacitor, the first end of which is connected to the BST pin of the DC-DC control chip, and the second end of which is connected to the SW pin of the DC-DC control chip, to ensure that the switching transistor is fully turned on and reduce conduction loss; a first inductor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the third capacitor, and the second end of which is connected to the output filter sub-circuit, to store electrical energy; and a third diode, the negative terminal of which is connected to the second end of the third capacitor and the first end of the first inductor respectively, and the positive terminal is grounded, to form a loop to continue supplying power to the load when the internal switching transistor of the DC-DC control chip is turned off.

[0007] The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit provided by this utility model may also have the following feature: the output filter sub-circuit includes: a fourth capacitor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first inductor and the second end is grounded, for filtering; a fifth capacitor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first inductor and the second end is grounded, for filtering; a sixth capacitor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first inductor and the second end is grounded, for filtering; and a seventh capacitor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first inductor and the second end is grounded, for filtering.

[0008] The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit provided by this utility model may also have the following feature: the negative feedback sub-circuit includes: a first resistor, the first end of which is connected to the FB pin of the DC-DC control chip and the second end is grounded, for setting the output voltage; and a second resistor, the first end of which is connected to the FB pin of the DC-DC control chip and the second end of which is connected to the second end of the first inductor, for setting the output voltage.

[0009] The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit provided by this utility model may also have the following feature: the positive terminal of the supercapacitor is connected to the second terminal of the first inductor and the second terminal of the second resistor, respectively, for storing electrical energy.

[0010] The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit provided by this utility model may also have the following features: the second diode is a transient voltage suppression diode, and the third diode is a Schottky diode.

[0011] This utility model provides a power supply device, which includes a supercapacitor charging conversion circuit as described above.

[0012] This utility model provides an electric vehicle positioning circuit, which includes any of the above-mentioned farad capacitor charging conversion circuits.

[0013] Functions and effects of utility models

[0014] According to the supercapacitor charging conversion circuit, power supply device, and electric vehicle positioning circuit involved in this utility model, it includes: an input protection sub-circuit, connected to an external power supply, used for protecting devices and filtering; a DC-DC control chip, connected to the input protection sub-circuit, used to generate a switching signal and adjust the duty cycle of the switch and the output voltage according to the feedback of the output voltage; a power conversion sub-circuit, connected to the DC-DC control chip, used to convert the input voltage into an output voltage that meets the requirements; an output filtering sub-circuit, connected to the power conversion sub-circuit, used for filtering; and a negative feedback sub-circuit, connected to both the DC-DC control chip and the power conversion sub-circuit, used to regulate the output voltage using negative feedback; and a supercapacitor charging conversion sub-circuit. The capacitors are connected to the output filter sub-circuit and the negative feedback sub-circuit respectively to store electrical energy. The input protection sub-circuit is also connected to the first output terminal, and the output filter sub-circuit is also connected to the second output terminal. Therefore, compared with the prior art which uses a lithium battery as a backup power source to power the cloud platform for reporting battery removal events when the battery is removed, this application uses a farad capacitor as a backup power source to power the cloud platform for reporting battery removal events, eliminating the need for a lithium battery as a backup power source, greatly reducing costs. Furthermore, the use of farad capacitors expands the operating temperature range of the circuit and enhances the environmental adaptability of the circuit and the overall equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the supercapacitor charging conversion circuit in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0016] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0017] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easy to understand, the following embodiments, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will specifically illustrate the supercapacitor charging conversion circuit, power supply device and electric vehicle positioning circuit of this utility model.

[0018] Example

[0019] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the supercapacitor charging conversion circuit in an embodiment of this utility model. For example... Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a supercapacitor charging conversion circuit 100, including: an input protection sub-circuit 1, a DC-DC control chip 2, a power conversion sub-circuit 3, an output filter sub-circuit 4, a negative feedback sub-circuit 5, and a supercapacitor 6.

[0020] Input protection sub-circuit 1 is connected to an external power supply and is used for device protection and filtering.

[0021] The input protection sub-circuit 1 includes: a first diode D1, a first capacitor C1, a second diode D19, and a second capacitor C2.

[0022] The positive terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the external power supply to prevent reverse polarity of the external power supply. The external power supply is input through the POW-IN port.

[0023] The positive terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode D1, and the negative terminal is grounded, used to filter out low-frequency noise. In this embodiment, the first capacitor C1 is 10μF.

[0024] The negative terminal of the second diode D19 is connected to the positive terminal of the first capacitor C1, and the positive terminal is grounded. It is used to absorb surge voltage and spike pulses to protect the circuit. The second diode D19 is a transient voltage suppression diode.

[0025] The first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the positive terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the VIN pin of the DC-DC control chip 2, while the second terminal is grounded. This second capacitor is used to filter out high-frequency noise. In this embodiment, the second capacitor C2 is 100nF.

[0026] The DC-DC control chip 2 is connected to the input protection sub-circuit 1 to generate a switching signal and adjust the duty cycle of the switching transistor and the output voltage based on the feedback of the output voltage.

[0027] In this case, the EN pin and DIM pin of DC-DC control chip 2 are connected, and the EP pin and GND pin are grounded.

[0028] The power conversion sub-circuit 3 is connected to the DC-DC control chip 2 and is used to convert the input voltage into an output voltage that meets the requirements.

[0029] The power conversion sub-circuit 3 includes: a third capacitor C3, a first inductor L1, and a third diode D3.

[0030] The third capacitor C3 has its first terminal connected to the BST pin of the DC-DC control chip 2 and its second terminal connected to the SW pin of the DC-DC control chip 2. This ensures the switching transistor is fully turned on and reduces conduction losses. In this embodiment, the third capacitor C3 is 100nF.

[0031] The first terminal of the first inductor L1 is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor C3, and the second terminal is connected to the output filter circuit 4, for storing electrical energy. In this embodiment, the first inductor L1 is 33μH.

[0032] The negative terminal of the third diode D3 is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 and the first terminal of the first inductor L1, while its positive terminal is grounded. This diode is used to form a circuit to continue supplying power to the load when the internal switching transistor of the DC-DC control chip 2 is turned off. The third diode D3 is a Schottky diode.

[0033] The output filter sub-circuit 4 is connected to the power conversion sub-circuit 3 and is used for filtering.

[0034] The output filter sub-circuit 4 includes: a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, and a seventh capacitor C7.

[0035] The first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the second terminal of the first inductor L1, and the second terminal is grounded for filtering.

[0036] The first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the second terminal of the first inductor L1, and the second terminal is grounded for filtering.

[0037] The first terminal of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the second terminal of the first inductor L1, and the second terminal is grounded for filtering.

[0038] The first terminal of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the second terminal of the first inductor L1, and the second terminal is grounded for filtering.

[0039] In this embodiment, the fourth capacitor C4 and the fifth capacitor C5 are both 22μF, the sixth capacitor C6 is 100nF, and the seventh capacitor C7 is 100μF.

[0040] The negative feedback sub-circuit 5 is connected to the DC-DC control chip 2 and the power conversion sub-circuit 3 respectively, and is used to regulate the output voltage using negative feedback.

[0041] The negative feedback sub-circuit 5 includes: a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2.

[0042] The first resistor R1 is connected at its first end to the FB pin of the DC-DC control chip 2, and its second end is grounded, used to set the output voltage. In this embodiment, the first resistor R1 is 12kΩ.

[0043] The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the FB pin of the DC-DC control chip 2, and the second end is connected to the second end of the first inductor L1, used to set the output voltage. In this embodiment, the second resistor R2 is 240kΩ.

[0044] The farad capacitor 6 is connected to both the output filter sub-circuit 4 and the negative feedback sub-circuit 5, and is used to store electrical energy. In this embodiment, the farad capacitor C162 is 1.5F.

[0045] The positive terminal of the farad capacitor 6 is connected to the second terminal of the first inductor L1 and the second terminal of the second resistor R2, respectively, for storing electrical energy.

[0046] The input protection sub-circuit 1 is also connected to the first output terminal, and the output filter sub-circuit 4 is also connected to the second output terminal. The first output terminal is used to output 48V DC, and the second output terminal is used to output 4.2V DC.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a power supply device for providing power to an electric vehicle, including the supercapacitor charging conversion circuit 100 in any of the above embodiments.

[0048] This embodiment also provides an electric vehicle positioning circuit for real-time positioning of electric vehicles, including the supercapacitor charging conversion circuit 100 in any of the above embodiments.

[0049] The working principle of the supercapacitor charging conversion circuit 100 in this embodiment is as follows:

[0050] The external power supply receives current through the POW-IN port. After the input protection sub-circuit 1 absorbs surge voltage and spike pulses and filters out high and low frequency noise, the current flows to the first output terminal and the DC-DC control chip 2. The first output terminal outputs a stable 48V DC voltage. The current flowing into the DC-DC control chip 2 then flows into the power conversion sub-circuit 3 to convert the input voltage into the required output voltage. After that, it is filtered by the output filter sub-circuit 4. The negative feedback sub-circuit 5 uses negative feedback to regulate the output voltage. The DC-DC control chip 2 adjusts the duty cycle of the switching transistor according to the feedback of the output voltage. The output voltage is 4.2V, which is output from the second output terminal and charges the supercapacitor to provide temporary power when the vehicle battery is disconnected.

[0051] The role and effect of the embodiments

[0052] The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit, power supply device, and electric vehicle positioning circuit involved in this embodiment include: an input protection sub-circuit connected to an external power supply for protecting devices and filtering; a DC-DC control chip connected to the input protection sub-circuit for generating a switching signal and adjusting the duty cycle of the switch and the output voltage based on the feedback of the output voltage; a power conversion sub-circuit connected to the DC-DC control chip for converting the input voltage into a required output voltage; an output filtering sub-circuit connected to the power conversion sub-circuit for filtering; and a negative feedback sub-circuit connected to both the DC-DC control chip and the power conversion sub-circuit for regulating the output voltage using negative feedback; and a supercapacitor charging conversion sub-circuit. The capacitors are connected to the output filter sub-circuit and the negative feedback sub-circuit respectively to store electrical energy. The input protection sub-circuit is also connected to the first output terminal, and the output filter sub-circuit is also connected to the second output terminal. Therefore, compared with the prior art which uses a lithium battery as a backup power source to power the cloud platform for reporting battery removal events when the battery is removed, this application uses a farad capacitor as a backup power source to power the cloud platform for reporting battery removal events, eliminating the need for a lithium battery as a backup power source, greatly reducing costs. Furthermore, the use of farad capacitors expands the operating temperature range of the circuit and enhances the environmental adaptability of the circuit and the overall equipment.

[0053] This embodiment also provides two output terminals, which output stable voltages of different magnitudes respectively.

[0054] This embodiment also adds multiple capacitors to the output filter sub-circuit for filtering.

[0055] This embodiment also provides a voltage divider sampling network composed of a first resistor and a second resistor to achieve negative feedback regulation.

[0056] This embodiment also includes a transient voltage suppression diode to absorb surge voltage and spike pulses.

[0057] This embodiment also incorporates a Schottky diode to form a circuit, reducing energy loss.

[0058] Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A supercapacitor charging conversion circuit, characterized in that, include: The input protection sub-circuit is connected to an external power supply and is used for device protection and filtering. The DC-DC control chip, connected to the input protection sub-circuit, is used to generate a switching signal and adjust the duty cycle of the switching transistor and the output voltage based on the feedback of the output voltage. The power conversion sub-circuit, connected to the DC-DC control chip, is used to convert the input voltage into an output voltage that meets the requirements. An output filter sub-circuit, connected to the power conversion sub-circuit, is used for filtering; The negative feedback sub-circuit is connected to the DC-DC control chip and the power conversion sub-circuit respectively, and is used to regulate the output voltage using negative feedback. A farad capacitor is connected to the output filter sub-circuit and the negative feedback sub-circuit respectively, and is used to store electrical energy; The input protection sub-circuit is also connected to the first output terminal, and the output filtering sub-circuit is also connected to the second output terminal.

2. The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit according to claim 1, Its features are, The input protection sub-circuit includes: The positive terminal of the first diode is connected to the external power supply to prevent the positive and negative terminals of the external power supply from being reversed. The positive terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode, and the negative terminal is grounded, which is used to filter out low-frequency noise. The second diode has its negative terminal connected to the positive terminal of the first capacitor, and its positive terminal grounded. It is used to absorb surge voltage and spike pulses to protect the circuit. The second capacitor has its first end connected to the positive terminal of the first capacitor and the VIN pin of the DC-DC control chip, and its second end grounded, for filtering out high-frequency noise.

3. The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, in, The power conversion sub-circuit includes: The third capacitor has its first end connected to the BST pin of the DC-DC control chip and its second end connected to the SW pin of the DC-DC control chip. It is used to ensure that the switching transistor is fully turned on and to reduce conduction losses. The first inductor has its first end connected to the second end of the third capacitor and its second end connected to the output filter sub-circuit, and is used to store electrical energy. The third diode has its negative terminal connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor and the first terminal of the first inductor, respectively, and its positive terminal grounded. It is used to form a circuit to continue supplying power to the load when the internal switching transistor of the DC-DC control chip is turned off.

4. The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit according to claim 3, Its features are, The output filter sub-circuit includes: The fourth capacitor has its first terminal connected to the second terminal of the first inductor, and its second terminal grounded, and is used for filtering. The fifth capacitor has its first terminal connected to the second terminal of the first inductor, and its second terminal grounded, and is used for filtering. The sixth capacitor has its first terminal connected to the second terminal of the first inductor, and its second terminal grounded, and is used for filtering. The seventh capacitor has its first terminal connected to the second terminal of the first inductor, and its second terminal grounded, and is used for filtering.

5. The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit according to claim 4, Its features are, The negative feedback sub-circuit includes: The first resistor has its first end connected to the FB pin of the DC-DC control chip and its second end grounded, and is used to set the output voltage. The second resistor has its first end connected to the FB pin of the DC-DC control chip and its second end connected to the second end of the first inductor, and is used to set the output voltage.

6. The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, in, The positive terminal of the farad capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the first inductor and the second terminal of the second resistor, respectively, for storing electrical energy.

7. The supercapacitor charging conversion circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second diode is a transient voltage suppressor diode, and the third diode is a Schottky diode.

8. A power supply device, characterized in that, Includes the farad capacitor charging conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. A positioning circuit for an electric vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the farad capacitor charging conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1-7.

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