Composite encapsulant and photovoltaic module
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521875848.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-01
AI Technical Summary
[0004]基于此，有必要提供一种复合胶膜及光伏组件，以解决黑色胶膜和白色胶膜层压后在组件层压时出现发绿、褶皱的问题
[0019]上述复合胶膜设置有黑色胶膜和白色胶膜。其中，黑色胶膜能够使光伏组件呈现黑色外观。白色胶膜能够提供高反射率，提高组件功率。上述复合胶膜在黑色胶膜和白色胶膜之间设置金属络合物黑色层，使得复合胶膜外观更黑，且由于金属络合物黑色层在光伏组件层压过程中不易流动，能够在黑色胶膜和白色胶膜之间起到阻隔作用，减少了复合胶膜发绿、褶皱的情况发生。
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Figure CN224646880U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a composite adhesive film and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology
[0002] Compared to traditional blue or other colored photovoltaic modules, black photovoltaic modules have unique advantages and application scenarios. Traditional black photovoltaic modules use an encapsulating film composed of layers of black and white films. The black film gives the photovoltaic module its black appearance, while the white film provides high reflectivity, increasing the module's power output.
[0003] However, the combined black and white adhesive films appear as a greenish-black, which differs somewhat from pure black. Furthermore, issues such as greening and wrinkling occur during component lamination. Utility Model Content
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a composite encapsulant film and photovoltaic module to solve the problem of greening and wrinkling that occurs when black and white encapsulant films are laminated during module lamination.
[0005] The first aspect of this utility model is to provide a composite adhesive film, the solution of which is as follows:
[0006] A composite adhesive film includes a black adhesive film, a metal complex black layer, and a white adhesive film stacked together, wherein the metal complex black layer is disposed between the black adhesive film and the white adhesive film.
[0007] In some embodiments, the thickness ratio of the black adhesive film, the black metal complex layer, and the white adhesive film is (225~255):(3~30):(225~255).
[0008] In some embodiments, the thickness ratio of the black adhesive film, the black metal complex layer, and the white adhesive film is (225~255):(10~20):(225~255).
[0009] In some embodiments, the thickness of the composite film is 480 μm to 550 μm. In some embodiments, the metal complex black layer includes an iron complex layer, a chromium complex layer, or a manganese complex layer.
[0010] In some embodiments, the black adhesive film is an EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film, a POE (polyolefin elastomer) film, a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) film, a TPO (thermoplastic polyolefin) film, or an EPE (EVA-POE-EVA three-layer co-extruded structure) film.
[0011] In some embodiments, the white adhesive film is an EVA film, POE film, EPE film, PVB film, or TPO film.
[0012] In some embodiments, the composite film has a reflectance of 70% to 86% in the wavelength range of 700 nm to 1100 nm.
[0013] The second aspect of this utility model is to provide a photovoltaic module, the solution of which is as follows:
[0014] A photovoltaic module includes an encapsulation panel, a first encapsulating film, a solar cell, a second encapsulating film, and an encapsulation backsheet, which are stacked sequentially.
[0015] The first adhesive film is a composite adhesive film as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the black adhesive film is further away from the solar cell than the white adhesive film and / or the second adhesive film is a composite adhesive film as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the white adhesive film is further away from the solar cell than the black adhesive film.
[0016] In some embodiments, the first adhesive film is a colorless and transparent adhesive film, and the second adhesive film is the composite adhesive film.
[0017] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a busbar disposed between the first encapsulant film and the second encapsulant film, the busbar being electrically connected to the solar cell, the busbar including a conductive body and a black coating disposed on the conductive body facing the first encapsulant film.
[0018] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a black border located at the edge of the photovoltaic module to encapsulate the encapsulation panel, the first encapsulating film, the solar cell, the second encapsulating film, and the edge of the encapsulation backsheet. Compared with conventional solutions, the above-described composite encapsulating film and photovoltaic module have the following advantages:
[0019] The aforementioned composite encapsulant film comprises a black encapsulant film and a white encapsulant film. The black encapsulant film gives the photovoltaic module a black appearance. The white encapsulant film provides high reflectivity, increasing module power. A metallic complex black layer is placed between the black and white encapsulant films, further enhancing the blackness of the composite film. Because the metallic complex black layer is less prone to flow during the photovoltaic module lamination process, it acts as a barrier between the black and white encapsulant films, reducing the occurrence of greening and wrinkling in the composite film.
[0020] The photovoltaic modules described above include the composite encapsulant film of any of the above embodiments, and thus have the corresponding technical features and can obtain the corresponding beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite adhesive film according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 As one embodiment includes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of a photovoltaic module with a composite film.
[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0024] 100, Composite film; 110, Black film; 120, Black layer of metal complex; 130, White film; 200, Photovoltaic module; 210, Encapsulation panel; 220, First film; 230, Solar cell; 240, Second film; 250, Encapsulation backsheet. Detailed Implementation
[0025] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0028] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0030] In production practice, it has been found that when using a composite film of traditional black and white encapsulant films as the encapsulation structure for photovoltaic modules, the composite film tends to turn green during lamination and may also develop wrinkles. Research has revealed that the thickness of the black and white encapsulant films produced by the co-extrusion process is not absolutely uniform throughout, but rather has areas of high and low thickness. During lamination, the areas of higher thickness in the white encapsulant film push the corresponding areas of the black encapsulant film apart, causing them to become thinner, resulting in a greenish appearance and even wrinkles in the composite film.
[0031] Based on the above research, this utility model provides a composite adhesive film.
[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, a composite adhesive film 100 in one embodiment includes a black adhesive film 110, a metal complex black layer 120, and a white adhesive film 130 stacked together. The metal complex black layer 120 is disposed between the black adhesive film 110 and the white adhesive film 130.
[0033] The aforementioned composite film 100 comprises a black film 110 and a white film 130. The black film 110 enables the photovoltaic module to appear black. The white film 130 provides high reflectivity, increasing module power. A metal complex black layer 120 is disposed between the black film 110 and the white film 130, making the composite film 100 appear even darker. Furthermore, because the metal complex black layer 120 does not easily flow during the photovoltaic module lamination process, it acts as a barrier between the black film 110 and the white film 130, reducing the occurrence of greening and wrinkling in the composite film 100.
[0034] Optionally, the metal complex black layer 120 may include, but is not limited to, an iron complex layer, a chromium complex layer, or a manganese complex layer.
[0035] Black film 110 may include, but is not limited to, EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film, POE (polyolefin elastomer) film, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) film, TPO (thermoplastic polyolefin) film, EPE (EVA-POE-EVA three-layer co-extruded structure) film, etc.
[0036] The black film 110 may contain black pigments to achieve its black color. Pigments may include, but are not limited to, carbon black, iron oxide black, and graphite.
[0037] White adhesive film 130 may include, but is not limited to, EVA adhesive film, POE adhesive film, EPE adhesive film, PVB adhesive film, TPO adhesive film, etc.
[0038] The white film 130 may contain white pigments to achieve its white color. Pigments include, but are not limited to, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, kaolin, talc, and zinc oxide.
[0039] In some of these examples, the thickness ratio of the black adhesive film 110, the metal complex black layer 120, and the white adhesive film 130 is (225~255):(3~30):(225~255).
[0040] Furthermore, in some examples, the thickness ratio of the black adhesive film 110, the metal complex black layer 120, and the white adhesive film 130 is (225~255):(10~20):(225~255). Within this thickness ratio range, the composite adhesive film 100 can more effectively reduce the occurrence of greening and wrinkling, and has a lower degree of yellowing after UV aging treatment, resulting in more stable reliability.
[0041] In some examples, the thickness of the black adhesive film 110 is 225 μm to 255 μm. Further, in some examples, the thickness of the black adhesive film 110 is 230 μm to 250 μm. In some specific examples, the thickness of the black adhesive film 110 is 225 μm, 230 μm, 235 μm, 240 μm, 245 μm, 250 μm, 255 μm, etc.
[0042] In some examples, the thickness of the metal complex black layer 120 is 3 μm to 30 μm. Further, in some examples, the thickness of the metal complex black layer 120 is 10 μm to 20 μm. In some specific examples, the thickness of the metal complex black layer 120 is 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm, 20 μm, 21 μm, 22 μm, 23 μm, 24 μm, 25 μm, 26 μm, 27 μm, 28 μm, 29 μm, 30 μm, etc.
[0043] In some examples, the thickness of the white adhesive film 130 is 225 μm to 255 μm. Further, in some examples, the thickness of the white adhesive film 130 is 230 μm to 250 μm. In some specific examples, the thickness of the white adhesive film 130 is 225 μm, 230 μm, 235 μm, 240 μm, 245 μm, 250 μm, 255 μm, etc.
[0044] In some examples, the total thickness of the composite film 100 is 480 μm to 550 μm. In some specific examples, the total thickness of the composite film 100 is 480 μm, 485 μm, 490 μm, 495 μm, 500 μm, 505 μm, 510 μm, 515 μm, 520 μm, 525 μm, 530 μm, 535 μm, 540 μm, 545 μm, 550 μm, etc.
[0045] In some of these examples, the composite film 100 has a reflectivity of 70% to 86% in the wavelength range of 700 nm to 1100 nm. The aforementioned composite film 100 has high reflectivity, which can improve component power.
[0046] The aforementioned composite film 100 can be prepared by a multi-layer co-extrusion process.
[0047] The aforementioned composite film 100 comprises a black film 110 and a white film 130. The black film 110 enables the photovoltaic module to appear black. The white film 130 provides high reflectivity, increasing module power. A metal complex black layer 120 is disposed between the black film 110 and the white film 130, making the composite film 100 appear even darker. Furthermore, because the metal complex black layer 120 does not easily flow during the photovoltaic module lamination process, it acts as a barrier between the black film 110 and the white film 130, reducing the occurrence of greening and wrinkling in the composite film 100.
[0048] Furthermore, this utility model also provides a photovoltaic module.
[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, a photovoltaic module 200 in one embodiment includes an encapsulation panel 210, a first encapsulating film 220, a solar cell 230, a second encapsulating film 240, and an encapsulation backplate 250 stacked sequentially.
[0050] Wherein, the first adhesive film 220 is the composite adhesive film 100 of any of the above examples, and in the composite adhesive film 100, the black adhesive film 110 is farther away from the solar cell 230 than the white adhesive film 130. And / or, the second adhesive film 240 is the composite adhesive film 100 of any of the above examples, and in the composite adhesive film 100, the white adhesive film 130 is farther away from the solar cell 230 than the black adhesive film 110.
[0051] The photovoltaic modules described above include the composite encapsulant film 100 of any of the above examples, and thus have the corresponding technical features and can obtain the corresponding beneficial effects.
[0052] In some examples, the first encapsulating film 220 is a colorless and transparent encapsulating film, and the second encapsulating film 240 is a composite encapsulating film 100. This reduces light shading on the front of the solar cell 230, while the second encapsulating film 240 allows the gaps between the solar cells 230 to appear black on the front. Thus, by using black or near-black solar cells 230, the entire front of the module can be made nearly black.
[0053] The aforementioned encapsulation panel 210 may be, for example, but not limited to, a glass panel or an organic polymer panel. The aforementioned encapsulation backplate 250 may be, for example, but not limited to, a glass backplate or an organic polymer backplate.
[0054] The aforementioned solar cell 230 can be a single-junction cell, such as, but not limited to, perovskite cells and crystalline silicon cells. Crystalline silicon cells include, but are not limited to, passivated emitter back contact cells (PERC cells), passivated emitter back contact cells (TOPCon cells), heterojunction cells (HJT cells), and back contact cells (BC cells). The aforementioned solar cell 230 can also be a tandem cell, such as, but not limited to, crystalline silicon / perovskite tandem cells.
[0055] In some examples, the photovoltaic module 200 also includes a busbar (not shown) disposed between the first encapsulant film 220 and the second encapsulant film 240. The busbar is electrically connected to the solar cell 230. The busbar includes a conductive body and a black coating disposed on the side of the conductive body facing the first encapsulant film 220. The black coating on the outer side of the busbar helps to make the entire front of the module appear almost black.
[0056] In some examples, the photovoltaic module 200 also includes a black border (not shown in the figures). The black border is located at the edge of the photovoltaic module 200 to encapsulate the edges of the encapsulation panel 210, the first encapsulating film 220, the solar cell 230, the second encapsulating film 240, and the encapsulation backsheet 250. Using a black border helps to make the entire front of the module appear almost black. Specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the invention. The following specific embodiments are provided to better understand the invention and are not intended to limit the scope or protection of the invention.
[0057] Example 1
[0058] The composite film provided in this embodiment includes a black film, a black metal complex layer, and a white film stacked together. The black metal complex layer is disposed between the black film and the white film.
[0059] The black film is an EVA film. The thickness of the black film is 240±15μm.
[0060] The black metal complex layer is a chromium complex layer. The thickness of the black metal complex layer is 3 μm ± 1 μm.
[0061] The white film is an EVA film. The thickness of the white film is 240±15μm.
[0062] Example 2
[0063] The composite film provided in this embodiment includes a black film, a black metal complex layer, and a white film stacked together. The black metal complex layer is disposed between the black film and the white film.
[0064] The black film is an EVA film. The thickness of the black film is 240±15μm.
[0065] The black metal complex layer is a chromium complex layer. The thickness of the black metal complex layer is 10 μm ± 1 μm.
[0066] The white film is an EVA film. The thickness of the white film is 240±15μm.
[0067] Example 3
[0068] The composite film provided in this embodiment includes a black film, a black metal complex layer, and a white film stacked together. The black metal complex layer is disposed between the black film and the white film.
[0069] The black film is an EVA film. The thickness of the black film is 240±15μm.
[0070] The black metal complex layer is a chromium complex layer. The thickness of the black metal complex layer is 20 μm ± 1 μm.
[0071] The white film is an EVA film. The thickness of the white film is 240±15μm.
[0072] Example 4
[0073] The composite film provided in this embodiment includes a black film, a black metal complex layer, and a white film stacked together. The black metal complex layer is disposed between the black film and the white film.
[0074] The black film is an EVA film. The thickness of the black film is 240±15μm.
[0075] The black metal complex layer is a chromium complex layer. The thickness of the black metal complex layer is 30 μm ± 1 μm.
[0076] The white film is an EVA film. The thickness of the white film is 240±15μm.
[0077] Comparative Example 1
[0078] The only difference between the composite film in this comparative example and Example 1 is that it does not have a black metal complex layer, and the composite film is obtained by direct co-extrusion of the black film and the white film.
[0079] The composite encapsulant films described in the above embodiments and comparative examples are applied to the encapsulation structure of photovoltaic modules. Specifically, the photovoltaic module includes an encapsulation panel, a first encapsulant film, a solar cell, a second encapsulant film, and an encapsulation backsheet, which are stacked sequentially. The first encapsulant film is an EVA film, and the second encapsulant film is the composite encapsulant film used in the embodiments or comparative examples. In each composite encapsulant film, the black encapsulant film is further away from the solar cell than the white encapsulant film.
[0080] The degree of yellowing of the composite film after UV aging treatment was tested. The appearance of the composite film was also inspected after lamination onto the photovoltaic module. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0081] Table 1
[0082]
[0083] In Table 1, in the yellowing degree data a~b, a represents the b value in the Lab value before UV aging treatment, and b represents the b value in the Lab value after UV aging treatment.
[0084] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0085] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A composite adhesive film, characterized in that, It includes a black adhesive film, a black metal complex layer, and a white adhesive film stacked together, wherein the black metal complex layer is disposed between the black adhesive film and the white adhesive film.
2. The composite film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the black adhesive film, the black metal complex layer, and the white adhesive film is (225~255):(3~30):(225~255).
3. The composite film as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the black adhesive film, the black metal complex layer, and the white adhesive film is (225~255):(10~20):(225~255).
4. The composite film as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The total thickness of the composite film is 480μm~550μm.
5. The composite film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The black metal complex layer includes an iron complex layer, a chromium complex layer, or a manganese complex layer.
6. The composite film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The black adhesive film is an EVA film, POE film, EPE film, PVB film, or TPO film. And / or, the white adhesive film is an EVA film, POE film, EPE film, PVB film, or TPO film.
7. The composite film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The composite film has a reflectance of 70% to 86% in the wavelength range of 700nm to 1100nm.
8. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes an encapsulation panel, a first encapsulating film, a solar cell, a second encapsulating film, and an encapsulation backplate, which are stacked in sequence. The first adhesive film is a composite adhesive film according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the black adhesive film is further away from the solar cell than the white adhesive film; and / or, the second adhesive film is a composite adhesive film according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the white adhesive film is further away from the solar cell than the black adhesive film.
9. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first adhesive film is a colorless and transparent adhesive film, and the second adhesive film is the composite adhesive film.
10. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module meets at least one of the following characteristics (1) to (2): (1) The photovoltaic module further includes a busbar disposed between the first encapsulant film and the second encapsulant film, the busbar being electrically connected to the solar cell, the busbar including a conductive body and a black coating disposed on the conductive body facing the first encapsulant film; (2) The photovoltaic module also includes a black frame, which is located at the edge of the photovoltaic module to encapsulate the edge of the encapsulation panel, the first encapsulant film, the solar cell, the second encapsulant film and the encapsulation backplate.