Atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys

Abstract

The utility model discloses an atmosphere protection and cooling device for titanium alloy laser cladding belongs to laser cladding technical field, and this device includes the box of inside hollow and top surface opening, water cooling circulation device, high pressure nozzle and gas storage tank, and water cooling circulation device places on the upper surface of box, is composed of metal grating, disc water pipe, pressure pump and cooling device, and the metal grating is wrapped in the periphery of disc water pipe, and disc water pipe arranges according to S type to promote the heat dissipation efficiency, and pressure pump and cooling device are placed in the intracavity of box and form cooling liquid circulation. The high pressure nozzle of relative two side walls of box is fixed, and the nozzle gas outlet is toward the cladding area. The utility model adopts partial gas injection to replace whole airtight atmosphere protection, is not bound by the size of part, and is suitable for large spare part processing, and high pressure nozzle combines Bernoulli principle design, and the inert gas efficient covering of ensuring is formed in the pool and surrounding area, and titanium alloy high temperature oxidation is avoided, and water cooling heat dissipation can control work piece temperature fast, and reduces the forming defect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser cladding technology, specifically to an atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys. Background Technology

[0002] Titanium alloys, with their outstanding advantages of high specific strength, low density, excellent corrosion resistance, and good mechanical properties even at high temperatures, have become an indispensable core material in key fields such as aerospace, medical, and metallurgy. They play an important role in scenarios such as aircraft blade manufacturing, impeller forming, and the repair of various precision parts.

[0003] However, traditional processing methods for titanium alloys, such as forging, casting, and rolling, have significant limitations. On the one hand, these processes are difficult to use to form structurally complex parts, failing to meet the demands of aerospace and other fields for high-precision, complex-shaped components. On the other hand, traditional processing methods result in high material loss and low utilization rates, increasing production costs and wasting resources, making them unsuitable for applications with stringent requirements for processing accuracy and material utilization, such as aerospace blade forming, impeller forming, and precision component repair.

[0004] The emergence of laser cladding technology has provided an effective way to overcome the bottlenecks of traditional titanium alloy processing. This technology can significantly improve material utilization and is not limited by the formed structure, allowing for the flexible manufacture and repair of complex-shaped titanium alloy components, demonstrating broad application prospects in the field of titanium alloy processing. However, in practical applications, laser cladding technology for processing titanium alloys still faces two major challenges: Firstly, titanium alloys exhibit exceptionally high chemical reactivity at high temperatures, with remarkable gas adsorption characteristics. They begin to absorb hydrogen at 250°C, rapidly absorb oxygen at 400°C, and absorb large amounts of nitrogen at 600°C. This means that during laser cladding of titanium alloys in an open environment, they readily react with atmospheric gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, generating compounds that negatively impact performance. This severely damages the mechanical properties and microstructure of the titanium alloy, significantly reducing the quality and lifespan of the clad parts. Therefore, effective atmosphere protection measures must be implemented during the laser cladding process of titanium alloys.

[0005] Currently, most industries use sealed atmosphere chambers for atmosphere protection, filling the chamber with inert gas to create a localized inert environment to isolate it from air. However, this approach has significant drawbacks: for the forming and repair of large titanium alloy parts, the parts are far too large for the atmosphere chamber to accommodate, making it impossible to place them inside for processing. This results in extremely poor applicability of this approach to large parts. Furthermore, the sealed chamber structure hinders heat dissipation, negatively impacting heat dissipation during processing and further affecting the forming quality.

[0006] Secondly, during laser cladding, to ensure the quality of the cladding layer and avoid defects, the temperature of the substrate and workpiece must be strictly controlled within a reasonable range. Unlike traditional processing methods, laser cladding cannot use coolant to directly cool the workpiece, making it difficult to dissipate the heat generated during processing quickly. Heat accumulation on the substrate and workpiece due to insufficient heat dissipation can lead to a series of problems: at best, it can cause substrate warping and deformation, affecting the shape accuracy of the workpiece; at worst, it can prolong the solidification time of the molten pool, damaging the microstructure of the cladding layer, and even causing slow dimensional accumulation of the workpiece in the Z-axis direction, ultimately leading to processing failure or workpiece collapse. Therefore, an efficient and suitable laser cladding cooling device is crucial for ensuring the smooth progress and product quality of titanium alloy laser cladding processing. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys, which can be used for atmosphere protection and cooling of large components.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is an atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys, including an atmosphere protection device and a water cooling circulation device. The atmosphere protection device includes a housing, a first high-pressure nozzle, a second high-pressure nozzle, and a gas storage tank. The housing has an opening on one side, the gas storage tank is located inside the housing, and the inlet ends of the first and second high-pressure nozzles are connected to the gas storage tank. The water cooling circulation device is located on the opening side of the box. The workpiece to be welded is placed on the surface of the water cooling circulation device away from the box. When the workpiece is welded, there is a molten area on its surface. The outlet ends of both the first and second high-pressure nozzles face the molten region, and the protective atmosphere formed by the first and second high-pressure nozzles covers the molten region.

[0009] The features of this utility model also include: The water-cooled circulation device includes a metal grid, a pressure pump, a cooling device, and a coiled water pipe; Two metal grilles are stacked on one side of the opening of the box; the periphery of the opening side of the box has a groove, and the metal grilles are engaged in the groove.

[0010] The disc-shaped water pipes are arranged in an "S" pattern between the two metal grilles.

[0011] The gas storage tank is equipped with a first gas outlet, a second gas outlet, and a gas inlet. The first gas outlet passes through the housing and is connected to the first high-pressure nozzle; the second gas outlet passes through the housing and is connected to the second high-pressure nozzle; and the gas inlet is equipped with a sealing cover that can be opened or closed.

[0012] The side wall of the box is equipped with an air inlet, and the orthographic projection of the air inlet on the air tank coincides with the air inlet.

[0013] The gas storage tank is equipped with a pressure gauge, and an observation hole is provided on the side wall of the tank to monitor the gas pressure value of the pressure gauge in real time.

[0014] The side wall of the enclosure is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. The water inlet end of the disc-shaped water pipe passes through the water inlet and is connected to the cooling device, while the water outlet end of the disc-shaped water pipe passes through the water outlet and is connected to the pressure pump.

[0015] Both the first high-pressure nozzle and the second high-pressure nozzle include an inlet section, a converging section, an outlet straight section, and an outlet diffuser section arranged sequentially along the outlet direction. Both the inlet section and the straight outlet section are cylindrical, with the diameter of the inlet section being larger than that of the straight outlet section. Both the contraction section and the outlet diffusion section are conical structures. The radial dimension of the contraction section gradually decreases along the gas outlet direction, while the radial dimension of the outlet diffusion section gradually increases along the gas outlet direction.

[0016] Both the first and second high-pressure nozzles are available in small, medium, and large sizes. The dimensions corresponding to the small model are as follows: the diameter of the inlet section is 4-5cm and the length is 8-10cm; the length of the contraction section is 13-16cm and the taper is 28-32°; the diameter of the straight outlet section is 3-4cm and the length is 17-20cm; the taper angle of the outlet diffusion section is 30-40° and the maximum radial dimension is 1.1-1.56cm. The dimensions corresponding to the medium-sized model are as follows: the diameter of the inlet section is 6-8cm, and the length is 10-12cm; the length of the contraction section is 15-18cm, and the taper is 28-32°; the diameter of the straight outlet section is 4-5cm, and the length is 18-21cm; the taper angle of the outlet diffuser section is 40-50°, and the maximum radial dimension is 1.67-2.75cm. The dimensions corresponding to the large-scale model are as follows: the diameter of the inlet section is 10-12cm, and the length is 12-15cm; the length of the contraction section is 20-25cm, and the taper is 28-32°; the diameter of the straight outlet section is 5-6cm, and the length is 19-22cm; the taper angle of the outlet diffusion section is 50-60°, and the maximum radial dimension is 2.64-3.95cm. The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model adopts local gas injection instead of overall sealed atmosphere protection. It uses a high-pressure nozzle to directionally inject inert gas to form a local protection area. It is not limited by the size of the parts and can be flexibly adapted to the laser cladding processing of large titanium alloy parts such as aerospace blades and impellers, thus expanding the application range of the device.

[0017] 2. This utility model optimizes the high-pressure nozzle structure (divided into an inlet section, a converging section, a straight outlet section, and an outlet diffusion section), and combines the Bernoulli principle to ensure an outlet flow velocity ≥200m / s. This not only provides direct protection for the molten pool but also covers the cladding area around the molten pool until the temperature of that area drops below the threshold where oxidation is not likely. This effectively prevents the titanium alloy from reacting with gaseous elements in the air during the cladding process, ensuring the mechanical properties and microstructure stability of the titanium alloy workpiece after cladding.

[0018] 3. This utility model adopts a "water cooling + air cooling" synergistic heat dissipation design: On the one hand, the S-shaped arranged disc-shaped water pipes in the water cooling circulation device, in conjunction with the metal grid, can dissipate heat over a large area and evenly at the bottom of the workpiece, quickly removing heat from the substrate and workpiece; on the other hand, the inert gas sprayed by the high-pressure nozzle can pre-cool or post-cool the workpiece, and forced convection heat dissipation reduces the heat-affected zone. This dual heat dissipation mechanism effectively controls the temperature of the substrate and workpiece within a reasonable range, avoiding molding defects caused by heat accumulation and improving the molding quality and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the atmosphere protection device of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water-cooled circulation device of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas storage tank structure of this utility model; Figure 4(a) is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gas nozzle of this utility model; Figure 4(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas nozzle of this utility model; In the diagram: 101, metal grid; 102, water outlet pipe; 103, pressure pump; 104, diversion pipe; 105, cooling device; 106, water inlet pipe; 107, disc-shaped water pipe; 201, housing; 202, first air supply pipe; 203, second air supply pipe; 204, first high-pressure nozzle; 205, second high-pressure nozzle; 206, air storage tank; 207, water inlet; 208, water outlet; 209, air filling hole; 210, observation hole; 211, first air outlet; 212, second air outlet; 213, air inlet; 214, pressure gauge; 2011, inlet section; 2012, contraction section; 2013, straight outlet section; 2014, outlet diffusion section. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1 The atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 and 2As shown, the device includes an atmosphere protection device and a water-cooling circulation device. The atmosphere protection device includes a housing 201, a first high-pressure nozzle 204, a second high-pressure nozzle 205, and a gas storage tank 206. The housing 201 is hollow inside and open at the top. The first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 are fixed to opposite side walls, respectively. The inlet ends of both the first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 are connected to the gas storage tank 206.

[0022] The water-cooling circulation device is located on the open side of the housing 201, and the workpiece to be welded can be placed on the surface of the water-cooling device away from the housing 201. For example, the workpiece to be welded can be placed on the upper surface of the water-cooling circulation device. In this way, the workpiece to be welded does not need to be placed in a closed container, thereby solving the limitation of the size of the cavity of the closed container on the size of the workpiece to be welded.

[0023] Furthermore, the outlet ends of both the first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 are positioned towards the molten region of the workpiece to be welded. In other words, when welding the workpiece, a molten region of a specific size forms on its surface due to the increased temperature. The outlet ends of the first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 are positioned towards this molten region, and the protective atmosphere they create can cover this molten region, thus protecting the workpiece and preventing oxidation and other problems during the welding process.

[0024] Specifically, the gas storage tank 206 stores inert protective gases such as helium. When welding is required, the inert gas in the storage tank 206 is sprayed onto the molten area of ​​the workpiece through the first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205, thus protecting the workpiece. Therefore, even if the workpiece is not placed in a closed container, it can still be kept in a protective atmosphere during the welding process. This allows for welding of workpieces of various sizes while ensuring a protective atmosphere for the workpiece during the welding process.

[0025] Furthermore, when welding the workpiece, the coverage area of ​​the protective atmosphere formed by the first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 can be adjusted according to the size of the workpiece to ensure that the coverage area of ​​the protective atmosphere formed by them is adapted to the size of the workpiece. For example, when the size of the workpiece is large, the coverage area of ​​the protective atmosphere formed by the first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 can be increased by adjusting the corresponding dimensions; or, when the size of the workpiece is small, the coverage area of ​​the protective atmosphere formed by the first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 can be decreased by adjusting the corresponding dimensions.

[0026] The water-cooling circulation device includes a metal grille 101, a coiled water pipe 107, a pressure pump 103, and a cooling device 105. Two metal grilles 101 are stacked and positioned on one side of the opening of the housing 201. The coiled water pipe 107 is located between the two metal grilles 101, forming a structure where the metal grilles 101 enclose the coiled water pipe 107. The metal grilles 101 have a mesh structure, which not only supports and protects the coiled water pipe 107, but also has a side facing away from the housing 201 used to hold the workpiece to be welded. During use, the heat generated by the welding workpiece is transferred to the metal grilles 101, and then from the metal grilles 101 to the coiled water pipe 107 in contact with them. The cooling medium inside the coiled water pipe 107 circulates and carries away the heat, thereby cooling the workpiece. The coiled water pipes 107 are arranged in an S-shape, which increases the contact area with the metal grille 101 and improves heat dissipation efficiency. The inlet and outlet ends of the coiled water pipes 107 are sequentially connected to the pressure pump 103 and the cooling device 105 to form a closed loop. Both the pressure pump 103 and the cooling device 105 are placed inside the cavity of the housing 201. The cooling device 105 can cool the circulating water, and the pressure pump 103 provides power for water circulation. In use, the inlet end of the coiled water pipes 107 is connected to the outlet end of the cooling device 105, the outlet end of the coiled water pipes 107 is connected to the inlet end of the pressure pump, and the outlet end of the pressure pump 103 is connected to the inlet end of the cooling device 105, thus forming a closed cooling medium circulation loop.

[0027] The gas storage tank 206 is also placed inside the cavity of the housing 201, such as... Figure 3As shown, a first air outlet 211 and a second air outlet 212 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the housing 201. The first air outlet 211 penetrates the first side wall of the housing 201 and is connected to the first high-pressure nozzle 204 through the first air supply pipe 202. The second air outlet 212 penetrates the second side wall of the housing 201 and is connected to the second high-pressure nozzle 205 through the second air supply pipe 203. The first and second side walls are arranged opposite to each other. An air inlet 213 is provided on the tank body of the gas storage tank 206 for replenishing inert gas into the gas storage tank 206. An inflation hole 209 corresponding to the position of the air inlet 213 is provided on the third side wall of the housing 201 for external inflation equipment to inflate the gas storage tank 206 through the inflation hole 209 and the air inlet 213. The third side wall is arranged adjacent to the first and second side walls. The third side wall of the housing 201 is also provided with a water inlet 207 and a water outlet 208. The inlet end of the disc-shaped water pipe 107 is connected to an inlet pipe 106, and the outlet end is connected to an outlet pipe 102. The inlet pipe 106 passes through the inlet 207, and the outlet pipe 102 passes through the outlet 208. The connection between the inlet pipe 106 and the inlet 207, and the connection between the outlet pipe 102 and the outlet 208, are sealed with sealing rings to prevent water leakage from affecting the operation of the device. A pressure gauge 214 is installed on the body of the gas storage tank 206, and an observation hole 210 corresponding to the position of the pressure gauge 214 is provided on the side wall of the housing 201 to facilitate the observation of the gas pressure inside the gas storage tank 206 by the staff.

[0028] In use, first fill the gas tank 206 with sufficient inert gas through the inflation port 209 and the air inlet 213, and observe the pressure gauge 214 to ensure that the gas pressure meets the requirements. Place the titanium alloy workpiece to be clad on the upper surface of the metal grid 101, start the pressure pump 103 and the cooling device 105. The cooled water, under the action of the pressure pump 103, enters the disc-shaped water pipe 107 through the water inlet pipe 106, absorbs the heat of the workpiece, and flows out from the water outlet pipe 102. After being cooled by the cooling device 105, it is recycled. Simultaneously, the valves controlling the gas flow installed on the first and second gas outlets 211 and 212 of the gas storage tank 206 are opened. Inert gas enters the first high-pressure nozzle 204 through the first gas outlet 211 and the first gas supply pipe 202, and then enters the second high-pressure nozzle 205 through the second gas outlet 212 and the second gas supply pipe 203. Subsequently, it is ejected from the nozzle outlet, forming a protective atmosphere in the workpiece cladding area. After that, the laser cladding equipment can be started to perform cladding processing on the titanium alloy workpiece.

[0029] Example 2 Based on Example 1, the atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys in this embodiment, such as... Figure 1 and 2 As shown, Figure 1 and 2As shown, it includes an atmosphere protection device and a water-cooling circulation device. The atmosphere protection device includes a housing 201, a first high-pressure nozzle 204, a second high-pressure nozzle 205, and an air storage tank 206. The housing 201 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, is hollow inside, and has an opening on the top surface. A groove is provided around one side of the opening, and the metal grille 101 of the water-cooling circulation device is engaged in the groove, facilitating the installation and removal of the metal grille 101 and simplifying subsequent maintenance and repair of the coiled water pipe 107.

[0030] The water-cooled circulation device consists of a metal grid 101, a disc-shaped water pipe 107, a pressure pump 103, a cooling device 105, an inlet pipe 106, and an outlet pipe 102. The metal grid 101 is made of stainless steel, possessing good thermal conductivity and adaptable to the working environment during laser cladding. It wraps around the disc-shaped water pipe 107, providing stability. The disc-shaped water pipes 107 are arranged closely in an S-shape, maximizing the use of the space between the two layers of metal grids 101. The inlet of the disc-shaped water pipe 107 is connected to the outlet of the cooling device 105 via the inlet pipe 106, and the outlet of the disc-shaped water pipe 107 is connected to the inlet of the pressure pump 103 via the outlet pipe 102. The outlet of the pressure pump 103 is connected to the inlet of the cooling device 105 via the drain pipe 104, forming a complete water circulation loop.

[0031] The first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 are respectively fixed on the opposite side walls of the housing 201. In this embodiment, by optimizing the nozzle cross-sectional area, the outlet flow velocity is ensured to be ≥200m / s, while balancing the flow rate and the spray coverage area, as shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b). The airflow channel of the nozzle is divided into an inlet section 2011, a contraction section 2012, an outlet straight section 2013, and an outlet diffuser section 2014 in sequence according to the outlet direction. The inlet section 2011 and the outlet straight section 2013 are both cylindrical structures, and the diameter of the inlet section 2011 is larger than that of the outlet straight section 2013. The contraction section 2012 and the outlet diffuser section 2014 are both conical structures, and the radial dimension of the contraction section 2012 gradually decreases along the outlet direction, while the radial dimension of the outlet diffuser section 2014 gradually increases along the outlet direction. That is to say, the outlet end of the contraction section 2012 has a relatively large radial dimension relative to the inlet section 2011. According to the Venturi effect, this structure allows the inert gas to be ejected at a high velocity, while the outlet of the outlet diffuser section 2014 can have a wide coverage area.

[0032] The air inlet of the inlet section 2011 of the first high-pressure nozzle 204 is sealed and connected to the first air supply pipe 202 by screws and nuts, and the air inlet of the inlet section 2011 of the second high-pressure nozzle 205 is sealed and connected to the second air supply pipe 203 by screws and nuts.

[0033] The gas storage tank 206 is a cylindrical metal tank placed inside the cavity of the housing 201. A one-way valve is installed at the air inlet 213 on the tank body to prevent gas backflow. A sealing cap is installed at the air filling hole 209 on the side wall of the housing 201. The sealing cap is closed when not filling.

[0034] Before use, first check that all parts are tightly connected and that the sealing rings are intact. Fix the titanium alloy workpiece onto the upper surface of the metal grid 101, and cover the sealing cap at the air inlet 209 of the housing 201. Inert gas is then introduced into the air tank 206 through the air inlet 213 until the pressure gauge 214 shows a pressure of 0.25-0.35 MPa (for small workpiece cladding). Start the pressure pump 103 to allow the cooling water in the cooling device 105 to flow in the water circulation loop. After the circulation water flow stabilizes, open the valve of the air tank 206. The inert gas enters the high-pressure nozzle through the gas delivery pipe and is sprayed out from the nozzle to cover the workpiece cladding area. Finally, start the laser cladding equipment to begin processing. During the processing, the air pressure inside the air tank 206 is monitored in real time through the observation hole 210.

[0035] Example 3 Based on Example 2, the first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 in the atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys in this example are both small-sized models with the following dimensional parameters: the diameter of the inlet section 2011 is 4-5 mm and the length is 8-10 mm; the length of the contraction section 2012 is 8-10 mm and the taper is 28-32°; the diameter of the straight outlet section 2013 is 3-4 cm and the length is 17-20 cm; the taper angle of the outlet diffusion section 2014 is 30-40° and the outlet diameter is 1.1-1.56 mm. The small nozzles are suitable for cladding protection of small titanium alloy workpieces with a protected area diameter ≤15 mm. The inlet pressure is set to 0.25-0.35 MPa, the gas flow rate is 12-25 L / min under standard conditions, and the outlet velocity is 200-240 m / s.

[0036] A transparent glass is installed at the observation hole 210 on the side wall of the chamber 201. The transparent glass is sealed to the side wall of the chamber 201 with sealant, which facilitates observation of the pressure gauge 214 reading and prevents gas leakage.

[0037] During use, add sufficient cooling water to the cooling device 105 and check whether the inlet pipe 106 and outlet pipe 102 are unobstructed. Inert gas (such as argon) is introduced into the gas storage tank 206 through the inflation port 209 and inlet 213 using the inflation device. When the pressure gauge 214 shows a pressure of 0.3 MPa, stop inflation. Place the small titanium alloy workpiece in the center of the upper surface of the metal grid 101, and adjust the angles of the first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 so that their outlets face the workpiece cladding area. Start the pressure pump 103 and the cooling device 105. After the water circulation is normal, open the valve of the gas storage tank 206 to allow the inert gas to be ejected from the nozzle at a flow rate of 200-240 m / s. Finally, start the laser cladding equipment to perform cladding processing on the workpiece. After processing, first turn off the laser cladding equipment, then turn off the valve of the gas storage tank 206 and the pressure pump 103.

[0038] Example 4 Based on Example 2, in this embodiment, the first high-pressure nozzle 204 and the second high-pressure nozzle 205 in the atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys are both medium-sized, with the following dimensional parameters: the diameter of the inlet section 2011 is 6-8 mm, and the length is 10-12 mm; the length of the contraction section 2012 is 15-18 mm, and the taper is 28-32°; the diameter of the straight outlet section 2013 is 4-5 cm, and the length is 18-21 cm; the taper angle of the outlet diffusion section 2014 is 40-50°, and the outlet diameter is 1.67-2.75 mm. The medium-sized nozzle is suitable for cladding medium-sized titanium alloy workpieces with a protected area diameter of 15-30 mm. Its inlet pressure is set to 0.4-0.6 MPa, the gas flow rate under standard conditions is 40-100 L / min, and the outlet velocity is 250-300 m / s.

[0039] Flow regulating valves are installed at the first outlet 211 and the second outlet 212 on the gas storage tank 206, which can adjust the flow rate of inert gas according to the cladding requirements.

[0040] In operation, first place the medium-sized titanium alloy workpiece in the center of the upper surface of the metal grid 101, ensuring the workpiece cladding area is within the spray range of the two high-pressure nozzles. Adjust the flow regulating valves at the first and second air outlets 211 and 212 to achieve a gas flow rate of 60 L / min, while simultaneously observing the pressure gauge 214 to ensure the inlet pressure remains stable at 0.5 MPa. Start the pressure pump 103 to circulate cooling water within the disc-shaped water pipe 107, controlling the water temperature at 25-30℃ through the cooling device 105. Start the laser cladding equipment and process the workpiece according to the preset cladding parameters. During processing, adjust the cooling water flow rate and inert gas flow rate appropriately based on changes in workpiece temperature to ensure cladding quality.

[0041] Example 5 Based on Example 2, the two large-sized high-pressure nozzles in the atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys in this example have the following dimensional parameters: the diameter of the inlet section 2011 is 10-12 mm, and the length is 12-15 mm; the length of the contraction section 2012 is 20-25 mm, and the taper is 28-32°; the diameter of the straight outlet section 2013 is 5-6 cm, and the length is 19-22 cm; the taper angle of the outlet diffusion section 2014 is 50-60°, and the outlet diameter is 2.64-3.95 mm. The large nozzles are used for cladding large titanium alloy workpieces with a diameter of 30-60 mm. Their inlet pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, the gas flow rate under standard conditions is 100-220 L / min, and the outlet velocity is 300-380 m / s, providing sufficient inert gas protection for the cladding area of ​​large workpieces.

[0042] A safety valve is installed on the gas storage tank 206. When the gas pressure inside the gas storage tank 206 exceeds the safe value, the safety valve will automatically open to release pressure and prevent the gas storage tank 206 from being dangerous due to overpressure.

[0043] In operation, inert gas is introduced into the gas storage tank 206 using a high-pressure inflation device. Inflation is stopped when the pressure gauge 214 displays a pressure of 0.7 MPa, at which point the safety valve is closed. The large titanium alloy workpiece is then hoisted onto the metal grid 101, ensuring its stable placement. The cooling device 105 and pressure pump 103 are started, and the start / stop pressure values ​​of the pressure pump 103 are set to ensure the water circulation system operates normally. The valve of the gas storage tank 206 is opened, and the gas flow rate is adjusted to 150 L / min. The nozzle spray pattern is observed to ensure that the inert gas evenly covers the cladding area of ​​the workpiece. Finally, the laser cladding equipment is started to perform cladding processing on the large titanium alloy workpiece. During the processing, the operating status of the safety valve, pressure gauge 214, and cooling device 105 is checked periodically to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0044] Example 6 Based on Examples 4 and 5, in this embodiment of the atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys, the metal grid 101 is formed by cross-welding multiple metal strips. The cross-section of the metal strips is rectangular, which increases the contact area with the workpiece and improves the stability of the workpiece placement.

Claims

1. An atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys, characterized in that, Includes atmosphere protection devices and water cooling circulation devices. The atmosphere protection device includes a housing (201), a first high-pressure nozzle (204), a second high-pressure nozzle (205), and a gas storage tank (206). The housing (201) has an opening on one side, and the gas storage tank (206) is located inside the housing (201). The air inlet ends of the first high-pressure nozzle (204) and the second high-pressure nozzle (205) are both connected to the gas storage tank (206). The water cooling circulation device is located on the opening side of the box (201). The workpiece to be welded is placed on the surface of the water cooling circulation device away from the box (201). When the workpiece to be welded is welded, there is a molten area on its surface. The outlet ends of the first high-pressure nozzle (204) and the second high-pressure nozzle (205) are both directed toward the molten region, and the protective atmosphere formed by the first high-pressure nozzle (204) and the second high-pressure nozzle (205) covers the molten region.

2. The atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water cooling circulation device includes a metal grid (101), a pressure pump (103), a cooling device (105), and a coiled water pipe (107). The metal grille (101) is provided in two and stacked on one side of the opening of the box (201); The disc-shaped water pipe (107) is located between the two metal grilles (101). The inlet end of the disc-shaped water pipe (107) is connected to the outlet end of the cooling device (105), and the outlet end of the disc-shaped water pipe (107) is connected to the inlet end of the pressure pump (103). The outlet end of the pressure pump (103) is connected to the inlet end of the cooling device (105).

3. The atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys according to claim 2, characterized in that, The box (201) has a groove on the periphery of the opening side, and the metal grille (101) is snapped into the groove.

4. The atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys according to claim 2, characterized in that, The disc-shaped water pipe (107) is arranged in an "S" pattern between the two metal grilles (101).

5. The atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas storage tank (206) is provided with a first gas outlet (211), a second gas outlet (212) and a gas inlet (213). The first gas outlet passes through the housing (201) and communicates with the first high-pressure nozzle (204). The second gas outlet (212) passes through the housing (201) and communicates with the second high-pressure nozzle (205). The gas inlet (213) is provided with a sealing cover that can be opened or closed.

6. The atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side wall of the box (201) is provided with an air inlet (209), and the orthographic projection of the air inlet (209) on the air storage tank (206) coincides with the air inlet (213).

7. The atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gas storage tank (206) is equipped with a pressure gauge (214), and the side wall of the box (201) is provided with an observation hole (210) to monitor the gas pressure value of the pressure gauge (214) in real time through the observation hole (210).

8. The atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side wall of the housing (201) is provided with a water inlet (207) and a water outlet (208). The water inlet end of the disc-shaped water pipe (107) passes through the water inlet (207) and is connected to the cooling device (105). The water outlet end of the disc-shaped water pipe (107) passes through the water outlet (208) and is connected to the pressure pump (103).

9. The atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first high-pressure nozzle (204) and the second high-pressure nozzle (205) include an inlet section (2011), a contraction section (2012), an outlet straight section (2013), and an outlet diffusion section (2014) arranged sequentially along the gas outlet direction. The inlet section (2011) and the outlet straight section (2013) are both cylindrical, and the diameter of the inlet section (2011) is larger than the diameter of the outlet straight section (2013). The contraction section (2012) and the outlet diffusion section (2014) are both conical structures. The radial dimension of the contraction section (2012) gradually decreases along the gas outlet direction, while the radial dimension of the outlet diffusion section (2014) gradually increases along the gas outlet direction.

10. The atmosphere protection and cooling device for laser cladding of titanium alloys according to claim 9, characterized in that, Both the first high-pressure nozzle (204) and the second high-pressure nozzle (205) are available in three sizes: small, medium, and large. The dimensions corresponding to the smaller model are as follows: the diameter of the inlet section (2011) is 4-5cm and the length is 8-10cm; the length of the contraction section (2012) is 13-16cm and the taper is 28-32°; the diameter of the outlet straight section (2013) is 3-4cm and the length is 17-20cm; the taper angle of the outlet diffusion section (2014) is 30-40° and the maximum radial dimension is 1.1-1.56cm. The dimensions corresponding to the medium-sized model are as follows: the diameter of the inlet section (2011) is 6-8cm, and the length is 10-12cm; the length of the contraction section (2012) is 15-18cm, and the taper is 28-32°; the diameter of the outlet straight section (2013) is 4-5cm, and the length is 18-21cm; the taper angle of the outlet diffusion section (2014) is 40-50°, and the maximum radial dimension is 1.67-2.75cm. The dimensions corresponding to the large model are as follows: the diameter of the inlet section (2011) is 10-12cm and the length is 12-15cm; the length of the contraction section (2012) is 20-25cm and the taper is 28-32°; the diameter of the outlet straight section (2013) is 5-6cm and the length is 19-22cm; the taper angle of the outlet diffusion section (2014) is 50-60° and the maximum radial dimension is 2.64-3.95cm.

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