A high-efficiency oil removal and resource treatment device for metal scrap

Abstract

The utility model discloses a metal scrap material efficient oil removal and resourceful processing device, including the pretreatment unit, double oil removal unit and cleaning agent recovery unit that set gradually, the pretreatment unit is used for removing the impurity in metal scrap material, double oil removal unit is used for the chemical cleaning and physical separation oil removal to metal scrap material, and cleaning agent recovery unit is used for recycling and recycling cleaning agent, double oil removal unit includes chemical cleaning tank and centrifugal separator, and the outside of chemical cleaning tank is equipped with temperature control unit, and its inside is equipped with inert gas stirring unit, and the bottom is connected circulating pump, the utility model has the advantages of: this technique is sensitive to adopt double oil removal and combines accurate temperature control and even stirring, and the oil removal efficiency is improved by 30% or more than traditional equipment, and the cleaning agent recovery rate is high, and reduces the operation cost, and the metal scrap purity reaches 99.5% or more.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste material treatment technology, and in particular to a device for efficient oil removal and resource recovery of metal scrap. Background Technology

[0002] Metal scrap, a major waste product in industries such as machining, automotive manufacturing, and aerospace, contains a large amount of recyclable metal resources. Its resource utilization is crucial for reducing raw material consumption and environmental pollution. During processing, metal scrap becomes contaminated with cutting oil, lubricants, emulsions, and other oily substances. Direct recycling or stockpiling of these scraps not only reduces the purity and mechanical properties of the recycled metal but also risks soil and water pollution due to grease leakage. Therefore, efficient degreasing is a critical preliminary step in the resource utilization of metal scrap.

[0003] In existing technologies, degreasing methods for metal scrap mainly include chemical cleaning, physical separation, and combinations of both. Chemical cleaning dissolves grease using cleaning agents (such as alkaline solutions and organic solvents), but it suffers from several problems: first, the temperature of the cleaning agent is difficult to control precisely, leading to large fluctuations in degreasing efficiency (too low a temperature results in a slow reaction rate, while too high a temperature may cause the cleaning agent to decompose or the metal to oxidize); second, mechanical stirring is often used, which can easily cause scratches or deposits on the surface of the metal scrap, and air stirring may introduce oxygen, leading to oxidation and corrosion of the metal scrap. Physical separation methods (such as centrifugation and pressure filtration) can separate some free grease, but their effectiveness in removing tightly adhered emulsified oil is limited. They require large amounts of cleaning agents, resulting in high consumption and low recycling rates (usually less than 50%), increasing processing costs and environmental pressure.

[0004] Furthermore, existing safety monitoring systems mostly only have basic temperature or liquid level detection functions, lacking real-time monitoring of key parameters such as hydrogen (which may be generated by the reaction of cleaning agents with metals) and pressure, posing safety hazards such as explosions and leaks. At the same time, the pretreatment stage does not thoroughly remove impurities, allowing large particles or ferromagnetic substances to easily enter subsequent equipment, causing pipeline blockages or equipment wear and affecting system stability.

[0005] Therefore, developing a metal scrap processing device that integrates high-efficiency oil removal, resource recycling, and safety monitoring to solve the problems of low oil removal efficiency, high cleaning agent consumption, and high safety risks in existing technologies has become an urgent technological direction to be explored in this field. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main technical problem solved by this utility model is to provide a device for efficient degreasing and resource utilization of metal scrap, thereby solving one or more of the above-mentioned prior art problems.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-efficiency degreasing and resource-based treatment device for metal scrap, comprising a pretreatment unit, a dual degreasing unit, a cleaning agent recovery unit, and a safety monitoring system arranged sequentially; the pretreatment unit is used to remove impurities from the metal scrap, the dual degreasing unit is used to chemically clean and physically separate the metal scrap for degreasing, the cleaning agent recovery unit is used to recover and recycle the cleaning agent, and the safety monitoring system is used to monitor safety parameters during the treatment process; its innovation lies in: the dual degreasing unit includes a chemical cleaning tank and a centrifugal separator; the chemical cleaning tank is equipped with a temperature control unit on the outside, an inert gas stirring unit and a hydrogen detection sensor inside, and a circulation pump connected to the bottom.

[0008] In some embodiments, the temperature control unit includes a heating jacket and a temperature control pipeline disposed within the heating jacket. The temperature control pipeline is connected in series with a temperature sensor and a PID controller, and the PID controller is electrically connected to the heat source valve of the heating jacket.

[0009] In some embodiments, the heating jacket includes a heating jacket and a cover plate covering the opening of the heating jacket. The inner wall of the heating jacket is provided with a plurality of partitions arranged parallel to each other. The distance between adjacent partitions is greater than the diameter of the temperature control pipeline. The top of the partition is provided with a hanging groove for suspending the temperature control pipeline.

[0010] In some embodiments, the inert gas stirring unit includes an inert gas storage tank, a gas distributor, and a flow regulating valve. The gas distributor is an annular porous tube structure and is fixed to the bottom of the chemical cleaning tank. The inert gas storage tank is connected to the gas distributor through a pipeline and the flow regulating valve.

[0011] In some embodiments, the feed inlet of the centrifuge is connected to the discharge end of the chemical cleaning tank via a pipe, and its separated liquid outlet is connected to the cleaning agent recovery unit via a return pipe, which is equipped with a filter screen.

[0012] In some embodiments, the cleaning agent recovery unit includes a precision filter, a vacuum distillation device, and a storage tank connected in sequence. The inlet of the precision filter is connected to the separation liquid outlet of the centrifuge, and the outlet of the storage tank is connected to a chemical cleaning tank via a circulation pump.

[0013] In some embodiments, the safety monitoring system includes a central controller and pressure sensors, temperature sensors, hydrogen detection sensors, and an emergency shut-off valve, all electrically connected to the central controller. The emergency shut-off valve is located on the inlet pipe of the chemical cleaning tank.

[0014] In some implementations, the central controller is equipped with a wireless communication module that can upload real-time monitoring data to a remote monitoring platform.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: high-efficiency oil removal: the combination of dual oil removal (chemical + physical separation) with precise temperature control and uniform stirring improves the oil removal efficiency by more than 30% compared with traditional equipment;

[0016] Resource recycling: The cleaning agent has a high recovery rate, reducing operating costs; the metal shavings have a purity of over 99.5% and can be directly reused.

[0017] Safe and reliable: Multiple sensors work in conjunction with the emergency shut-off system to eliminate the risks of hydrogen explosions, cleaning agent leaks, etc.

[0018] Highly adaptable: It can handle various metal wastes such as cast iron shavings, aluminum shavings, magnesium shavings, and steel shavings, and can adapt to different types of oil stains by adjusting the cleaning agent formula and process parameters. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scraps according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the chemical cleaning tank of a high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scraps according to this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heating jacket of a high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scraps according to this utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heating jacket of a high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scraps according to this utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the partition of a high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scraps according to this utility model.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of the safety monitoring system of a high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scraps according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the embodiment of this utility model includes: a device for high-efficiency degreasing and resource utilization of metal scrap, the specific implementation of which is as follows:

[0029] The pretreatment unit 100 includes a vibrating screen and a magnetic separator, which are connected in sequence by a conveyor belt. The screen mesh of the vibrating screen has a mesh size of 0.5-2mm, which can be flexibly changed according to the particle size of the metal scrap, and is used to remove large particles of impurities such as wood chips and sand. The magnetic separator uses rare earth permanent magnets with a magnetic field strength of 1000-3000Gs, which can efficiently separate ferromagnetic impurities (such as iron filings and iron nails) and avoid wear of subsequent equipment or interference of impurities with the degreasing reaction.

[0030] Dual oil removal unit

[0031] Chemical cleaning tank 210: The tank body is made of 316L stainless steel, and the inner wall is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene or ceramic corrosion-resistant coating with a thickness of 0.5-1mm. It can withstand the corrosion of strong acid and alkali cleaning agents and extend the service life of the equipment. The tank body is wrapped with a heating jacket 211. The temperature control pipeline 212 inside the jacket is made of seamless copper pipe and is connected in series with a PT100 temperature sensor 214 with an accuracy of ±0.5℃ and a PID controller 213. The PID controller 213 is electrically connected to the steam valve (heat source valve 215) of the heating jacket 211. By collecting the temperature inside the tank in real time and adjusting the steam flow, the temperature of the cleaning agent is stabilized at the set value (such as 60-80℃), ensuring a stable degreasing chemical reaction rate.

[0032] Inert gas stirring unit: It consists of an inert gas storage tank 216 (volume 50-100L, storing nitrogen or argon), an annular porous tube gas distributor 217, and an electronic flow regulating valve; the gas distributor 217 is fixed to the bottom of the cleaning tank, and the tube wall is evenly distributed with gas outlet holes of 0.5-1mm in diameter, spaced 5-10cm apart, to ensure uniform gas diffusion; the flow regulating valve has an adjustment range of 0.1-5m³ / h, and the stirring intensity can be adjusted according to the amount of metal scrap and the viscosity of the cleaning agent, which can avoid metal scrap deposition and prevent cleaning agent splashing caused by violent stirring.

[0033] Centrifuge 220: A horizontal spiral sedimentation centrifuge with a drum speed of 3000-5000 r / min. The feed inlet is connected to the discharge valve at the bottom of the chemical cleaning tank 210 through a pipe. The outlet of the separated liquid is connected to the cleaning agent recovery unit through a return pipe with a filter screen (pore size 5-10μm) to filter out residual fine metal shavings and prevent clogging of subsequent equipment.

[0034] The cleaning agent recovery unit consists of a precision filter 310 (filter element precision 0.1μm), a vacuum distillation device 320 (vacuum degree -0.08~-0.09MPa, heating temperature 80-120℃), and a storage tank 330. The precision filter 310 removes trace impurities from the separation liquid. The distillation device separates the cleaning agent from the oil stains through vacuum distillation (boiling point difference ≥30℃). The recovered cleaning agent (purity ≥95%) is stored in the storage tank 330 and then pumped back to the chemical cleaning tank 210 for recycling via a circulation pump 218 (flow rate 10-20L / min), thereby reducing the cost of cleaning agent consumption.

[0035] The heating jacket 211 includes a heating jacket and a cover plate covering the opening of the heating jacket. The inner wall of the heating jacket is provided with several parallel partitions. The distance between adjacent partitions is greater than the diameter of the temperature control pipeline 212. The top of the partition is provided with a hanging groove for suspending the temperature control pipeline 212. The above structure can be easily disassembled for maintenance of the temperature control unit.

[0036] The safety monitoring system is centered on a PLC central controller and connects to a pressure sensor (used to monitor the pressure inside the chemical cleaning tank 210 in real time), a temperature sensor 214 (range 0-150℃), a hydrogen detection sensor 219 (detection limit 0.1%VOL), and an emergency shut-off valve (response time ≤1s). The sensors collect the pressure, temperature, and hydrogen concentration inside the chemical cleaning tank 210 in real time. When the detected values ​​exceed the set thresholds (such as temperature > 90℃, hydrogen concentration > 0.5%VOL), the central controller immediately triggers the emergency shut-off valve to close the inlet pipe and activates an audible and visual alarm. At the same time, the abnormal data is uploaded to the remote monitoring platform via a wireless communication module (4G / 5G) to achieve unattended safety control.

[0037] The working principle of the temperature control unit is as follows: the temperature sensor 214 detects the temperature of the cleaning agent in the cleaning tank in real time and transmits the signal to the PID controller 213. After comparing it with the set temperature, the controller outputs a signal to adjust the opening of the steam valve of the heating jacket 211, increasing or decreasing the heat source supply, so that the temperature is stabilized within the target range (such as within ±1℃).

[0038] PID closed-loop control achieves high-precision temperature control, avoiding excessively high temperatures that could decompose the cleaning agent or excessively low temperatures that could reduce the oil removal efficiency; the 211 heating jacket provides uniform temperature distribution within the tank, preventing localized overheating.

[0039] Working principle of inert gas stirring unit: Inert gas (nitrogen / argon) enters the annular gas distributor 217 through the flow regulating valve, and is sprayed out from the porous tube to form micro bubbles, which drive the cleaning agent to fully contact the metal scrap, while expelling the air (especially oxygen) in the tank to prevent the metal scrap from oxidizing.

[0040] Compared to mechanical stirring, gas stirring causes less mechanical damage to metal chips, and the inert gas atmosphere can inhibit the oxidation reaction between metal chips and cleaning agents, improving the purity of metal chips after degreasing; the adjustable flow design can adapt to the stirring needs of metal chips of different particle sizes.

[0041] Working principle of cleaning agent recovery unit: After centrifugation, the oily cleaning agent is first filtered through a precision filter to remove suspended impurities, and then enters a vacuum distillation device 320. Under negative pressure, the boiling point of the cleaning agent is reduced, achieving low-energy separation. The recovered cleaning agent is recycled.

[0042] The cleaning agent recovery rate is >90%, which significantly reduces the cost of consumables; vacuum distillation avoids the damage of the cleaning agent caused by high temperature and extends its service life; the fully enclosed design reduces the volatile pollution of the cleaning agent.

[0043] The workflow of this technical solution is as follows:

[0044] ① Pretreatment: The metal scraps are screened to remove large particles of impurities, and a magnetic separator is used to separate ferromagnetic substances to obtain clean raw materials;

[0045] ② Chemical cleaning: The pretreated metal shavings enter the chemical cleaning tank 210, where they react fully with the cleaning agent under the heating of the temperature control unit and the stirring of inert gas, and the grease dissolves and enters the cleaning agent;

[0046] ③ Centrifugal separation: The mixture of oil-containing cleaning agent and metal shavings enters the centrifugal separator 220, where centrifugal force is used to separate the metal shavings (oil removal rate > 95%) and the oil-containing cleaning agent;

[0047] ④ Cleaning agent recovery: Oily cleaning agents are regenerated after filtration and distillation and then recycled for chemical cleaning;

[0048] ⑤ Safety monitoring: Real-time monitoring of temperature, pressure, and hydrogen concentration throughout the process; automatic feed cut-off and alarm in case of abnormalities.

[0049] The advantages of this technical solution are:

[0050] High-efficiency oil removal: Dual oil removal (chemical + physical separation) combined with precise temperature control and uniform stirring improves oil removal efficiency by more than 30% compared to traditional equipment;

[0051] Resource recycling: The cleaning agent has a high recovery rate, reducing operating costs; the metal shavings have a purity of over 99.5% and can be directly reused.

[0052] Safe and reliable: Multiple sensors work in conjunction with the emergency shut-off system to eliminate the risks of hydrogen explosions, cleaning agent leaks, etc.

[0053] Highly adaptable: It can handle various metal wastes such as cast iron shavings, aluminum shavings, magnesium shavings, and steel shavings, and can adapt to different types of oil stains by adjusting the cleaning agent formula and process parameters.

[0054] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this utility model specification, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scrap, comprising a pretreatment unit (100), a dual degreasing unit, and a cleaning agent recovery unit arranged sequentially; the pretreatment unit (100) is used to remove impurities from the metal scrap, the dual degreasing unit is used to chemically clean and physically separate the metal scrap for degreasing, and the cleaning agent recovery unit is used to recover and recycle the cleaning agent; characterized in that: The dual oil removal unit includes a chemical cleaning tank (210) and a centrifugal separator (220); the chemical cleaning tank (210) is equipped with a temperature control unit on the outside and an inert gas stirring unit inside, and a circulating pump (218) is connected to the bottom.

2. The high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scrap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control unit includes a heating jacket (211) and a temperature control pipeline (212) disposed within the heating jacket (211).

3. The high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scrap according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating jacket (211) includes a heating jacket and a cover plate (2112) covering the opening of the heating jacket (2111). The inner wall of the heating jacket (2111) is provided with a plurality of parallel partitions (2113). The distance between adjacent partitions (2113) is greater than the diameter of the temperature control pipeline (212). The top of the partition (2113) is provided with a hanging groove (2114), which is used to suspend the temperature control pipeline (212).

4. The high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scrap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inert gas stirring unit includes an inert gas storage tank (216), a gas distributor (217), and a flow regulating valve. The gas distributor (217) is an annular porous tube structure and is fixed to the bottom of the chemical cleaning tank (210). The inert gas storage tank (216) is connected to the gas distributor (217) through a pipeline via the flow regulating valve.

5. The high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scrap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed inlet of the centrifuge (220) is connected to the discharge end of the chemical cleaning tank (210) through a pipe, and its separated liquid outlet is connected to the cleaning agent recovery unit through a return pipe. The return pipe is equipped with a filter screen.

6. The high-efficiency degreasing and resource recovery device for metal scrap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning agent recovery unit includes a precision filter (310), a vacuum distillation device (320), and a storage tank (330) connected in sequence. The inlet of the precision filter (310) is connected to the separation liquid outlet of the centrifuge (220), and the outlet of the storage tank (330) is connected to the chemical cleaning tank (210) through a circulation pump (218).

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