A wedge-type mechanical joint and a precast concrete member

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wedge formula mechanical joint and precast concrete component, the wedge formula mechanical joint includes the plug pole, the locating nut and the first connecting sleeve, the locating nut is fixed in the first connecting sleeve through the thread, be equipped with two above -average wedge and the elastic member who can add the elasticity to wedge in the first connecting sleeve, the inner wall of locating nut is equipped with the conical locating surface, the wedge is formed under the action of elastic member with plug pole and conical locating surface triangle three line support structure. The utility model discloses three line support structure makes the mechanical joint form " mechanical interlock " effect, and this interlock significantly increases the sliding resistance, makes the joint more not easy to produce the slippage when being stressed, and the fault tolerance space is bigger, and the coaxial property is good, can through the disturbance of the improvement rigidity distribution and ductility to the pile and produce the positive influence. This technique is especially applicable to the engineering scene of high deformation compatibility and seismic performance requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of precast concrete component technology, specifically to a wedge-type mechanical joint and a precast concrete component. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction process, it is often necessary to assemble or connect precast concrete components, especially precast concrete piles, most of which are multi-section spliced ​​piles. Existing precast concrete pile splicing is generally achieved through end plate welding or mechanical joints for rapid connection.

[0003] In the design of precast concrete piles as foundations, in addition to meeting the requirements of pull-out resistance and resistance to soil disturbance (such as soil movement under lateral earth pressure or seismic action), the pile's deflection (i.e., the pile's deformation capacity or flexibility) is also a key consideration.

[0004] I. Standard Requirements:

[0005] 1. Horizontal bearing capacity verification, such as the requirement in the "Technical Specification for Building Pile Foundations" (JGJ 94-2008) to verify the displacement and internal forces of piles under horizontal loads;

[0006] 2. Deformation limit: It is generally required that the horizontal displacement of the pile top does not exceed the allowable value of the structure (such as 1 / 150 to 1 / 100 of the pile diameter);

[0007] 3. Seismic design provisions: For example, the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB 50011) emphasizes the ductility of pile foundations, which require reinforcement or structural measures to ensure plastic deformation capacity.

[0008] II. Impact of Welded End Plate Joints on Overall Disturbance: Welded end plates are typically more rigid than the precast concrete pile body, leading to increased local rigidity at the joint and the formation of a "rigid segment." This causes pile deformation under lateral loads (such as seismic forces and earth pressure) to concentrate in the non-welded area near the joint (forming a "plastic hinge") rather than being uniformly distributed, reducing the pile's ductility and energy dissipation capacity. The industry generally improves stress distribution by adding non-prestressed longitudinal reinforcement (such as end plate anchorage bars) near the end plate to enhance joint ductility.

[0009] Third, the composite splicing method of mechanical connection of main reinforcement + end face structural adhesive seat has a certain improvement effect on pile deflection (deformation capacity) and overall performance, but the local rigidity of the mechanical connection area increases, still forming a rigid section, which affects the deformation coordination of the pile body.

[0010] IV. The necessity of the disturbance:

[0011] 1. Lateral Loading: When a pile is subjected to horizontal forces (such as wind load, seismic force, or earth pressure), the pile body needs to have a certain degree of flexibility (deflection) to buffer deformation and avoid brittle failure. Overly reinforced steel piles may lead to localized stress concentration and cracking.

[0012] 2. Soil deformation coordination: In soft soil or liquefiable soil layers, the soil may undergo large displacements. The pile needs to coordinate with the soil through appropriate deformation to avoid breakage due to excessive stiffness differences.

[0013] 3. Seismic design: In seismic zones, pile foundations need to dissipate energy through deformation in the plastic hinge zone. In this case, the deflection is a manifestation of ductile design.

[0014] The increased rigidity of existing technology in the end plate welding joint and mechanical connection area (emphasizing no gaps and no slippage) will change the stiffness distribution of multi-section piles, causing abrupt stiffness changes and weakening the overall deflection performance; making it difficult to guarantee the durability of precast piles and causing safety hazards in building pile foundations. Utility Model Content

[0015] This utility model addresses the above-mentioned problems by researching and designing a wedge-type mechanical joint and a precast concrete component. The technical means adopted by this utility model are as follows:

[0016] A wedge-type mechanical joint includes a insertion rod, a positioning nut, and a first connecting sleeve. The positioning nut is threaded into the first connecting sleeve. The first connecting sleeve has a first connecting portion for connecting with a reinforcing bar. The first connecting sleeve contains two or more wedges and an elastic element capable of applying elastic force to the wedges. The inner wall of the positioning nut has a tapered positioning surface. The insertion rod can penetrate into the space between two or more wedges, and the wedges, under the elastic force of the elastic element, enter the space between the tapered positioning surface and the insertion rod, and flip over. The wedge is turned so that its wedged end moves closer to the insert rod, forming two circumferential line contacts between the wedge and the insert rod, and one circumferential line contact between the wedge and the tapered positioning surface. This causes the insert rod to secure the wedge between the insert rod and the tapered positioning surface, and then secure the insert rod to the positioning nut. For the two circumferential line contacts between the wedge and the insert rod, the diameter of the contact line closer to the end of the insert rod is larger than the diameter of the other contact line, and the line connecting the three contact lines on the cross section passing through the central axis of the wedge forms a triangle. The interior angles of this triangle at the two line contacts between the wedge and the insert rod are all acute angles.

[0017] Furthermore, the wedge has an outer surface, an inner conical surface, and an outer conical surface. The wedge has a first guide conical surface at its wedge-in end for guiding the insertion rod. The taper of the outer conical surface is greater than that of the inner conical surface. The insertion rod includes a threaded connection end, an end head, and a connecting section between the threaded connection end and the end head. At the connection between the end head and the connecting section, the diameter of the end head is greater than the diameter of the connecting section, forming an end head edge protruding from the connecting section. The insertion rod can penetrate into the space between two or more wedges. Under the elastic force of the elastic element, the wedge enters the space between the conical positioning surface and the insertion rod and flips, causing the wedge-in end to move closer to the connecting section and form a line contact with the connecting section. The edge of the end head is in line contact with the inner conical surface, and the connection between the outer conical surface and the outer surface is in line contact with the conical positioning surface.

[0018] Furthermore, the angles of the end edge, the angle between the inner conical surface and the first guide conical surface, and the angle between the outer conical surface and the outer side surface are all obtuse angles.

[0019] Furthermore, on a cross section coplanar with the central axis of the wedge, the triangle formed by the lines connecting the three line contact points has an angle of more than 80 degrees with the conical positioning surface. The mechanical joint includes four wedges, and the intersection of the first guide cone surface and the inner cone surface is a rounded corner structure.

[0020] Furthermore, the connecting section includes a neck and a guide section arranged sequentially from the end to the threaded connection end. The neck contacts the wedge line, and the guide section is a cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the neck. The inner wall of the positioning nut is provided with a second guide surface that mates with the guide section. The diameter of the edge of the end is the same as the diameter of the guide section, and the axial distance from the edge of the end to the guide section is less than the axial length of the second guide surface.

[0021] Furthermore, the insertion end of the positioning nut has a tapered third guide surface, the connection between the threaded end and the guide section has a rounded corner structure, and the inner wall of the positioning nut has a fluid discharge channel.

[0022] Furthermore, the wedge-type mechanical joint also includes a second connecting sleeve. The insertion rod is connected to the second connecting sleeve via threads. The second connecting sleeve is provided with a second connecting part for connecting with the reinforcing bar. The first connecting part is an inward flange that can limit the upset head of the reinforcing bar to be located within the first connecting sleeve. The second connecting part is an inward flange that can limit the upset head of the reinforcing bar to be located within the second connecting sleeve. The elastic element is a spring. One end of the spring directly or indirectly abuts against the upset head of the reinforcing bar, and the other end of the spring directly or indirectly abuts against the wedge block.

[0023] Furthermore, the elastic element is a tower-shaped spring, and the large-diameter end of the tower-shaped spring abuts against the wedge block through a nylon washer. The end face of the nylon washer abutting against the wedge block is a radially inwardly concave conical surface.

[0024] Furthermore, the spring wire is a rectangular wire.

[0025] A precast concrete component is connected by the wedge-type mechanical joint described in this utility model.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the wedge-type mechanical joint and precast concrete component of this utility model have the following advantages:

[0027] 1. The wedge and the insert rod have two-line contact, and the wedge and the positioning nut have one-line contact, forming a three-line support structure. The line contact allows the mechanical joint to concentrate the force on a small area when it is under tension, generating extremely high local pressure. The high pressure causes the material in the contact area to undergo slight elastic or plastic deformation, which microscopically causes the surface rough peaks to interlock with each other, forming a "mechanical interlocking" effect. This interlocking significantly increases the sliding resistance, so that the joint will not slip when under force, avoiding the connection failure caused by the wedge being squeezed out.

[0028] 2. A second guide surface is provided inside the positioning nut, which can fully guide the insertion rod even if the insertion is not fully inserted. This provides a larger margin of error and prevents the insertion rod from being inserted eccentrically relative to the positioning nut. It also ensures that the wedge blocks are kept in the same axial position as much as possible during the insertion process, thereby guaranteeing the success rate of insertion and improving the bending and shear resistance of the connecting pile.

[0029] 3. The pile splicing technology using the wedge-type mechanical joint described in this utility model for the composite connection of main reinforcement mechanical connection and end face structural adhesive anchor connection is feasible and can have a positive impact on pile disturbance by improving stiffness distribution and ductility. This technology is particularly suitable for engineering scenarios with high requirements for deformation coordination and seismic performance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wedge-type mechanical joint described in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insertion rod described in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A bottom view.

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 HH sectional view.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning nut described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of JJ.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the four wedges described in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0038] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A bottom view.

[0039] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 LL sectional view.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic element described in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nylon washer described in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0042] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A bottom view.

[0043] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 MM section view.

[0044] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connecting sleeve according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0045] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 Top view.

[0046] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 GG cross-sectional view.

[0047] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second connecting sleeve according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0048] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 Top view.

[0049] Figure 20 yes Figure 19 FF sectional view.

[0050] Figure 21 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0051] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic element described in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0052] Figure 23 yes Figure 22 CC section view.

[0053] Figure 24 This is a structural schematic diagram of the precast concrete component described in Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0054] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the wedge block entering between the insertion rod and the positioning nut during the insertion process of the wedge-type mechanical joint described in this embodiment of the invention.

[0055] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the wedge block before it flips during the insertion process of the wedge-type mechanical connector described in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figures 1 to 20 As shown, a wedge-type mechanical joint includes a insertion rod 3, a positioning nut 4, and a first connecting sleeve 1. The positioning nut 4 is threadedly fixed inside the first connecting sleeve 1. The first connecting sleeve 1 has a first connecting part 11 for connecting with a reinforcing bar. The first connecting sleeve 1 has two or more wedges 5 and an elastic element 6 that can apply elastic force to the wedges 5. The inner wall of the positioning nut 4 has a conical positioning surface 41. The insertion rod can penetrate into the space between two or more wedges 5, and the wedges 5 enter the space between the conical positioning surface 41 and the insertion rod 3 under the elastic force of the elastic element 6, and a... The wedge is flipped so that the wedge-in end of the wedge 5 moves closer to the insert rod 3, forming two circumferential line contacts between the wedge 5 and the insert rod 3, and simultaneously forming one circumferential line contact between the wedge 5 and the conical positioning surface 41. This allows the insert rod 3 to secure the wedge 5 between the insert rod 3 and the conical positioning surface 41, thereby securing the insert rod 3 to the positioning nut 4. For the two circumferential line contacts between the wedge and the insert rod, the diameter of the contact line closer to the end of the insert rod is larger than the diameter of the other contact line, and the line connecting the three contact lines on the cross section passing through the central axis of the wedge forms a triangle. The interior angles (angle β and angle γ) of this triangle at the two line contacts between the wedge and the insert rod are both acute angles. In this embodiment, the wedge-in end of the wedge 5 refers to the end that welcomes the insertion of the insert rod 3, and is also the end that first enters the space between the insert rod 3 and the positioning nut 4.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the wedge 5 is provided with an outer surface 51, an inner conical surface 52, and an outer conical surface 53. The end of the wedge 5 that receives the insertion of the rod 3, i.e., the wedge-in end, is provided with a first guide conical surface 54 for guiding the rod 3. The taper of the outer conical surface 53 is greater than the taper of the inner conical surface 52, making the wedge 5 a wedge-shaped structure with one thinner end and one thicker end. The thinner end is the wedge-in end. The rod 3 includes a threaded connection end 31, an end head 32, and a connecting section 33 between the threaded connection end 31 and the end head 32. At the connection between the end head 32 and the connecting section 33, the diameter of the end head is larger than that of the connecting section 32. The diameter of 3 forms an end edge 34 protruding from the connecting section 33. The insertion rod 3 can penetrate into the space between two or more wedges 5. Under the elastic force of the elastic member 6, the wedges 5 enter the space between the conical positioning surface 41 and the insertion rod 3 and flip, causing the wedge end to move closer to the connecting section 33 and form a line contact with the connecting section 33. In the insertion state, the end edge 34 is in line contact with the inner conical surface 52. The connection between the inner conical surface 52 and the first guide conical surface 54 is in line contact with the connecting section 33. The connection between the outer conical surface 53 and the outer side surface 51 is in line contact with the conical positioning surface 41.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the corners of the end edge 34, the angle between the inner conical surface 52 and the first guide conical surface 54, and the angle between the outer conical surface 53 and the outer side surface 51 are all obtuse angles, preferably 120 degrees. Setting these angles to obtuse angles ensures that the line contacts of the three-line support structure are all obtuse angle contacts. Under high pressure, the deformation is smaller, and a stable line contact engagement structure can be achieved with minimal deformation, forming a mechanical interlock between the insert, wedge, and positioning nut. This also prevents further deformation under tensile force, enhancing the stability of the connection. In this embodiment, the end face of the end 32 facing the connecting section 33 is a conical surface, and the intersection of the conical surface and the side surface of the end forms an obtuse angle at the end edge 34. The intersection of the first guide cone surface 54 and the inner cone surface 52 is a rounded corner structure, which reduces the friction between the insertion rod 3 and the wedge block 5 during insertion, making the insertion smoother and preventing the wedge block from getting stuck. At the same time, it ensures that the intersection of the first guide cone surface 54 and the inner cone surface 52 can form a line contact with the insertion rod.

[0060] like Figure 2As shown, on a cross-section coplanar with the central axis of wedge 5, the triangle formed by the lines connecting the three line contact points forms an angle of over 80 degrees with the conical positioning surface 41. In the connected state, the angle α between the outer conical surface 53 and the conical positioning surface 41 is 0.01-5 degrees. This achieves line contact while retaining the guiding effect of the conical positioning surface 41 on wedge 5, preventing wedge 5 from getting stuck during insertion and ensuring a high success rate. In this embodiment, the mechanical joint includes four wedges 5, balancing connection stability with tolerance space in case of insufficient insertion. In this embodiment, the wedge 5 has two-line contact with the insertion rod 3 and one-line contact with the positioning nut 4, forming a three-line support structure. Under the elastic force of the elastic element 6, the wedge 5 is tilted relative to the central axis of the mechanical joint. Pre-pressure is generated at the three line contact points, causing the wedge 5 to buckle and deform. The force is concentrated in the small area of ​​the line contact, generating extremely high local pressure (pressure P = F / A; when the force F is constant, the smaller the contact area A, the greater the pressure P). The high pressure causes the material in the contact area to undergo slight elastic or plastic deformation, which microscopically promotes the interlocking of surface rough peaks, forming a "mechanical interlocking" effect. This interlocking significantly increases the sliding resistance, preventing the wedge 5 from slipping and avoiding connection failure caused by the wedge 5 being squeezed out. This solves the problem of instability caused by pressure dispersion and local low pressure leading to slippage in the interfacial contact of the insertion structure in the prior art.

[0061] Based on the anti-slip characteristics of this embodiment, the entire mechanical joint possesses excellent structural integrity. For precast concrete components, especially precast concrete piles such as PHC pipe piles, during construction or when the pile is subjected to horizontal forces such as wind loads, seismic forces, or earth pressure, it needs to withstand enormous impact forces. This places extremely high demands on the combination of strength and toughness of the materials. A qualified elongation rate is crucial to avoid sudden changes in rigidity and to ensure that the steel bar (and thus the entire pipe pile) does not experience brittle fracture during construction. As the mechanical joint connecting the steel bar and the entire pile, it also needs to possess a qualified elongation rate. According to the "JGJ107-2016 Technical Specification for Mechanical Connection of Reinforcing Steel Bars," the total elongation rate of a Class I mechanical joint under maximum force must meet A... sgt ≥6.0%. Due to the excellent structural integrity of the mechanical joint in this embodiment, by selecting suitable materials and HRC hardness, a mechanical joint that meets the aforementioned ductility requirements can be obtained. Moreover, it can have a positive impact on pile disturbance by improving stiffness distribution and ductility, and is especially suitable for engineering scenarios with high requirements for deformation coordination and seismic performance.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, the connecting section 33 includes a neck 35 and a guide section 36 arranged sequentially from the end 32 to the threaded connection end 31. The neck 35 is in line contact with the wedge block 5, and the guide section 36 is a cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the neck 35. The inner wall of the positioning nut 4 is provided with a second guide surface 42 that mates with the guide section 36. The second guide surface 42 can limit the insertion rod 3 within a certain radial range during the insertion process, preventing the insertion rod 3 from radially deviating. In this embodiment, the diameter of the end edge 34 is the same as the diameter of the guide section 36, and the axial distance from the end edge 34 to the guide section 36 is less than the axial length of the second guide surface 42. Thus, during the insertion process, the end edge 34 enters the second guide surface 42 first. The second guide surface 42 guides the insertion rod 3 through the end edge 34. Before the end edge 34 leaves the second guide surface 42, the guide section 36 enters the second guide surface 42. The second guide surface 42 guides the insertion rod 3 through the end edge 34 and the guide section 36 to prevent the insertion rod 3 from radially deviating or swaying. Then the end edge 34 passes through the second guide surface 42, and the second guide surface 42 continues to guide the insertion rod 3 through the guide section 36, ensuring that the insertion rod 3 is guided by the second guide surface 42 throughout the entire insertion process. Under the premise of high coaxiality with the positioning nut 4, the wedge block 5 is opened, avoiding the insertion failure caused by the insertion rod 3 being unable to rebound due to radial deviation or swaying of some wedge blocks 5.

[0063] The inner wall of the positioning nut 4 is provided with a fluid discharge channel 44. Since structural adhesive is applied and injected into the connecting sleeve during the pile connection process, the fluid discharge channel allows for the discharge of gas and structural adhesive from inside the first connecting sleeve during insertion. The fluid discharge channel can be an axial groove on the inner wall of the positioning nut, or the second guide surface can be a prismatic surface, with the corners of the prismatic surface forming the fluid discharge channel. Alternatively, multiple array-shaped protrusions can be provided on the second guide surface, with interlaced fluid discharge channels formed between the protrusions. Regardless of the form, as long as stable fluid discharge is achieved during the insertion of the insertion rod into the positioning nut, it is acceptable. Preferably, the fluid discharge channels are evenly distributed circumferentially. The fluid discharge channels ensure that the structural adhesive is evenly discharged from multiple circumferential positions, preventing rapid compression and pressure increases in the structural adhesive inside the first connecting sleeve during rapid insertion. This avoids uneven local force distribution that could obstruct the wedge block and prevent proper positioning, leading to insertion failure. In this embodiment, the second guide surface 42 is cylindrical, with a diameter slightly larger than that of the guide section 36. The insertion end of the rod 3 of the positioning nut 4 is provided with a tapered third guide surface 43. The tapered third guide surface 43 cooperates with the cylindrical second guide surface 42 to form an internal space similar to a funnel shape, providing a larger tolerance space for the insertion of the rod 3, while ensuring higher coaxiality between the rod 3 and the positioning nut 4 even when the insertion is not fully complete. The fluid discharge channel 44 is an axial groove, which extends from the tapered positioning surface 41 to the third guide surface 43. The axial groove can also be used to twist and install the positioning nut 4 using tools during the assembly process.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, the connection between the threaded connection end 31 and the guide section 36 is a rounded corner structure to ensure the strength of the connection and avoid stress concentration. The connection between the second guide section 36 and the rounded corner structure is a prism-shaped clamping section 37, which facilitates clamping and turning during assembly.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, the first connecting part 11 is an inward flange that can confine the upset head of the reinforcing bar 7 within the first connecting sleeve 1. The elastic element 6 is a tower-shaped spring, the small-diameter end of which directly or indirectly abuts against the upset head of the reinforcing bar 7, preventing insufficient contact or spring overturning due to the size of the upset head. The large-diameter end of the tower-shaped spring directly or indirectly abuts against the wedge block 5. In this embodiment, the large-diameter end of the tower-shaped spring abuts against the wedge block 5 through a nylon washer 8. The nylon washer 8 is also provided with a radial positioning ring 81, and the large-diameter end of the tower-shaped spring is fitted onto the radial positioning ring 81. In the pre-installation assembly state, that is, when the positioning nut 4 and the wedge block 5 are installed in the first connecting sleeve 1, the tower-shaped spring is preferably in a compressed state to ensure that the wedge block 5 abuts evenly against the positioning nut 4.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment, the inner diameter of the nylon gasket 8 is larger than the inner diameter of the wedge end face 55 when fully inserted. The gasket end face 82 of the nylon gasket 8 that abuts against the wedge is a radially concave conical surface, so that the position where the elastic element 6 applies force to the wedge 5 is located at the outer edge of the wedge end face 55, so that the wedge 5 has a tendency to flip outward, which enhances the stability of the three-line support structure and improves the reliability of the connection.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the wedge-type mechanical joint further includes a second connecting sleeve 2. The threaded connection end 31 of the insertion rod 3 is connected to the second connecting sleeve 2 via threads. The second connecting sleeve is provided with a second connecting part 21 for connecting with a reinforcing bar. The second connecting part is an inward flange that can confine the upset head of the reinforcing bar within the second connecting sleeve. In this embodiment, the outer surfaces of the first connecting sleeve 1 and the second connecting sleeve are prismatic structures, which facilitates assembly and rotation, and enhances the gripping force between the two sleeves and the concrete.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] like Figures 21 to 23 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the elastic element 6 is a spring, and the spring wire is rectangular. The two end faces of the spring are set as flat or concave conical surfaces, applying elastic force evenly to multiple wedges. The purpose of setting the end faces as concave conical surfaces is the same as the function of the nylon gasket end face in Embodiment 1, ensuring that the position where the elastic element 6 applies force to the wedge 5 is located at the outer edge of the wedge end face 55, causing the wedge 5 to tend to flip outwards, enhancing the stability of the three-wire support structure and improving the reliability of the connection. This embodiment does not require a nylon gasket; the spring directly abuts against the wedge 5. Other structures and beneficial effects of this embodiment are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] like Figure 24 As shown, a precast concrete component is connected by the wedge-type mechanical joint described in this utility model. This embodiment uses a precast concrete pile as an example for illustration. The precast concrete pile in this embodiment includes two connected precast concrete piles, namely an upper connecting pile 200 and a lower connecting pile 100. Each precast concrete pile includes a concrete pile body 101, a main reinforcement 7' built into the concrete pile body 101, and a wedge-type mechanical joint 300 as described in Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the first connecting sleeve 1 of the wedge-type mechanical joint 300 is built into the upper end face of the lower connecting pile 100 and is connected to the upset head of the main reinforcement of the lower connecting pile 100 through the first connecting part 11. The second connecting sleeve 2 is built into the lower end face of the upper connecting pile and is connected to the upset head of the main reinforcement of the upper connecting pile 200 through the second connecting part 21.

[0072] When connecting the upper connecting pile 200 and the lower connecting pile 100, structural adhesive is applied to the upper end face of the lower connecting pile 100 and the inside of the first connecting sleeve 1. The upper connecting pile 200 with the connecting rod 3 is then inserted into the lower connecting pile 100. During insertion, the connecting rod 3 is aligned with the corresponding positioning nut 4 inside the first connecting sleeve 1. Under the action of the third guide surface 43, the end of the connecting rod 3 is used to calibrate the coaxiality of the connecting rod 3 and the positioning nut 4. Figure 25 As shown, the insertion rod 3 continues to be inserted, and the end 32 pushes and spreads the four wedges 5. As the insertion rod 3 continues to be inserted, the wedges 5 spring back into the gap between the insertion rod 3 and the positioning nut 4, as shown. Figure 26 As shown, under the force of end 32, it undergoes a flipping at the intersection of the outer surface and the outer cone surface, forming a three-line support structure (such as...). Figure 2 As shown), the plug rod 3 is locked between the plug rod 3 and the positioning nut 4 to realize the connection of the mechanical joint, and at the same time realize the connection of the upper connecting pile 200 and the lower connecting pile 100.

[0073] The wedge-type mechanical joint of this invention features line contact between the insert rod, wedge, and positioning nut, generating extremely high pressure at the contact point. This high pressure causes minute elastic or plastic deformation of the material in the contact area, microscopically causing the surface rough peaks to interlock, forming a "mechanical interlocking" effect. This interlocking significantly increases sliding resistance and prevents the wedge from being squeezed out. When the pile is subjected to horizontal forces, such as wind loads, seismic forces, or earth pressure, the tensile force on the joint increases, and the internal mechanical interlocking becomes tighter. This results in the wedge-type mechanical joint exhibiting integral mechanical properties. Even when the force continues to increase, its deformation remains stable, giving the joint reasonable ductility. This differs from existing products, which initially exhibit small deformations under stress, but when the force exceeds a certain critical value, internal components are squeezed out, leading to sudden connection failure due to unstable deformation. Existing products generate excessive rigidity at the pile connection, easily causing abrupt changes in pile rigidity at the connection point, creating safety hazards. The wedge-type mechanical joint described in this invention exhibits reasonable ductility under significant tensile force and possesses toughness comparable to that of the main reinforcing bars, thus positively impacting pile disturbance. This invention is particularly suitable for engineering scenarios with high requirements for deformation coordination and seismic performance.

[0074] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A wedge-type mechanical joint comprising a wedge, a locating nut and a first connecting sleeve, the locating nut being fixed in the first connecting sleeve by a thread, the first connecting sleeve being provided with a first connecting portion for connecting with a reinforcing bar, characterized in that: The first connecting sleeve has two or more wedges and an elastic element that can apply elastic force to the wedges. The inner wall of the positioning nut has a conical positioning surface. The insertion rod can penetrate into the space between two or more wedges. Under the elastic force of the elastic element, the wedge enters the space between the conical positioning surface and the insertion rod and flips, causing the wedge end to move closer to the insertion rod. This makes the wedge and the insertion rod make two circumferential line contacts, and at the same time, one circumferential line contact with the conical positioning surface. This allows the insertion rod to lock the wedge between the insertion rod and the conical positioning surface, and then lock the insertion rod to the positioning nut. For the two circumferential line contacts between the wedge and the insertion rod, the diameter of the contact line closer to the end of the insertion rod is larger than the diameter of the other contact line. The line connecting the three contact lines on the cross section passing through the central axis of the wedge is a triangle. The interior angles of this triangle at the two line contacts between the wedge and the insertion rod are all acute angles.

2. The wedge-type mechanical joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge has an outer surface, an inner conical surface, and an outer conical surface. The wedge end has a first guide conical surface for guiding the insertion rod. The taper of the outer conical surface is greater than that of the inner conical surface. The insertion rod includes a threaded connection end, an end head, and a connecting section between the threaded connection end and the end head. At the connection between the end head and the connecting section, the diameter of the end head is greater than the diameter of the connecting section, forming an end head edge protruding from the connecting section. The insertion rod can penetrate into the space between two or more wedges. Under the elastic force of the elastic element, the wedge enters the space between the conical positioning surface and the insertion rod and flips, causing the wedge end to move towards the connecting section and form a line contact with the connecting section. The edge of the end head is in line contact with the inner conical surface, and the connection between the outer conical surface and the outer surface is in line contact with the conical positioning surface.

3. The wedge-type mechanical joint according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angles of the end edge, the angle between the inner conical surface and the first guide conical surface, and the angle between the outer conical surface and the outer side surface are all obtuse angles.

4. The wedge-type mechanical joint according to claim 3, characterized in that: On a cross section coplanar with the central axis of the wedge, the triangle formed by the lines connecting the three line contact points has an angle of more than 80 degrees with the conical positioning surface. The mechanical joint includes four wedges, and the intersection of the first guide cone surface and the inner cone surface is a rounded corner structure.

5. The wedge-type mechanical joint according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting section includes a neck and a guide section arranged sequentially from the end to the threaded connection end. The neck contacts the wedge line. The guide section is a cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the neck. The inner wall of the positioning nut is provided with a second guide surface that mates with the guide section. The diameter of the edge of the end is the same as the diameter of the guide section. The axial distance from the edge of the end to the guide section is less than the axial length of the second guide surface.

6. The wedge-type mechanical joint according to claim 5, characterized in that: The insertion end of the positioning nut has a tapered third guide surface, the connection between the threaded end and the guide section has a rounded corner structure, and the inner wall of the positioning nut has a fluid discharge channel.

7. The wedge-type mechanical joint according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The wedge-type mechanical joint further includes a second connecting sleeve. The insertion rod is connected to the second connecting sleeve by threads. The second connecting sleeve is provided with a second connecting part for connecting with the reinforcing bar. The first connecting part is an inward flange that can limit the upset head of the reinforcing bar to be located within the first connecting sleeve. The second connecting part is an inward flange that can limit the upset head of the reinforcing bar to be located within the second connecting sleeve. The elastic element is a spring. One end of the spring directly or indirectly abuts against the upset head of the reinforcing bar, and the other end of the spring directly or indirectly abuts against the wedge block.

8. The wedge-type mechanical joint according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic element is a tower-shaped spring. The large-diameter end of the tower-shaped spring abuts against the wedge through a nylon washer. The end face of the nylon washer abutting against the wedge is a radially concave conical surface.

9. The wedge-type mechanical joint according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spring has rectangular wires.

10. A precast concrete component, characterized in that: The connection is made using a wedge-type mechanical joint as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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