A combination structure of a toe pressing and slope apron panel and a prefabricated mold

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of building drainage structure, specifically relates to a kind of foot and slope apron panel combination structure and prefabricated mould, to solve the problem of prefabricated apron component joint gap easy cracking in prior art, and wall surface sealing is not strict. The utility model includes: L type foot panel, its one side towards outdoor is equipped with L type foot panel protrusion;Apron panel, one side is equipped with apron panel side surface connecting groove, L type foot panel protrusion and apron panel side surface connecting groove plug-in cooperation;Its bottom edge is equipped with apron panel side surface connecting groove;U type groove, its top is equipped with two independent U type groove protrusion;Among them, U type groove protrusion and apron panel side surface connecting groove plug-in cooperation;Two U type groove protrusions of same U type groove and the apron panel side surface connecting groove of adjacent two apron panels are inserted, and form deformation joint. The utility model has realized the dry method quick installation of apron structure, joint anti-cracking and sealing durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building drainage structure, specifically relating to a plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure and prefabrication mold. Background Technology

[0002] A drainage apron is a sloping ground structure located on the outer side of the building's exterior wall, perpendicular to the plinth. Its primary function is to quickly drain rainwater, protecting the foundation and base from direct erosion and prolonged soaking. The width of the drainage apron is typically determined based on factors such as soil properties, climate conditions, building height, and roof drainage system. To ensure smooth drainage, its slope is generally designed to be 3% to 5%, and its outer edge should be 30mm to 50mm above the outdoor ground level.

[0003] The construction of traditional drainage structures is a typical wet operation, requiring a series of tedious procedures to be completed on-site, including formwork erection, rebar (or anti-crack mesh) binding, concrete pouring, secondary finishing, curing, and final formwork removal. This construction method has many inherent drawbacks: First, its construction progress and quality are heavily dependent on weather conditions; rain, snow, and low temperatures can all prevent construction or result in poor curing quality. Second, on-site manual pouring and leveling make it difficult to precisely control the flatness and thickness of the slope, easily leading to uneven thickness in some areas, and even backflow, which seriously affects drainage efficiency. Finally, although cast-in-place structures have good overall integrity, they cannot adapt to deformations caused by temperature changes or slight foundation settlement, and are prone to cracking at stress concentration points.

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of cast-in-place aprons, precast apron components have emerged in existing technologies. However, most current precast components only address the "precast" aspect itself, with inadequate design at assembly joints. Adjacent precast aprons are typically connected via simple expansion joints, resulting in insufficient connection strength, susceptibility to cracking at joints, and poor sealing at the junction with the wall. Furthermore, they struggle to effectively adapt to temperature deformation and micro-settlement during use, failing to fully leverage the standardized and high-precision advantages of precast technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, namely the tendency for prefabricated drainage components to crack at the joints and poor sealing with the wall, this utility model provides a plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure and a prefabricated mold.

[0006] The first aspect of this utility model proposes a combined structure of a plinth and a sloping drainage panel, comprising:

[0007] L-shaped plinth panels are installed on the building wall, with an L-shaped plinth panel protrusion on the exterior side;

[0008] The water-spreading panel has a first water-spreading panel side connection groove on one side, and the L-shaped foot panel protrusion is inserted into the first water-spreading panel side connection groove; the bottom surface near the two side edges has a second water-spreading panel side connection groove.

[0009] The U-shaped groove has two independent U-shaped groove protrusions at the top;

[0010] The U-shaped groove protrusion is inserted into the side connecting groove of the second water distribution panel; the two U-shaped groove protrusions of the same U-shaped groove are used to insert into the side connecting groove of the second water distribution panel of two adjacent water distribution panels, and form a deformation joint between the two water distribution panels.

[0011] Furthermore, the L-shaped plinth panel is vertically and horizontally bonded and fixed to the building wall using cement mortar.

[0012] Furthermore, the water-spraying panel has an exposed external corner arc.

[0013] Furthermore, the expansion joint is filled with asphalt and weather-resistant sealant to form a double seal.

[0014] Furthermore, the L-shaped plinth panel, the drainage panel, and the U-shaped trench are all precast concrete components.

[0015] Furthermore, the expansion joint is filled with sealing material.

[0016] In a second aspect, this utility model provides a prefabrication template for a plinth and sloping apron panel combination structure, used for prefabricating a plinth and sloping apron panel combination structure, the prefabrication template comprising:

[0017] The mold cavity shape of the foot support mold matches the L-shaped foot support panel and the L-shaped foot support panel protrusion;

[0018] The mold core of the water distribution panel is shaped to match the water distribution panel, the side connecting groove of the first water distribution panel, and the side connecting groove of the second water distribution panel.

[0019] The groove mold has a cavity shape that matches the U-shaped groove and the U-shaped groove protrusion.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] (1) All components are prefabricated in the factory, and only assembly is required on site, which completely avoids the wet work links such as formwork, pouring, and curing required by the traditional cast-in-place method. This makes construction no longer restricted by the weather, installation is quick, the construction period is significantly shortened, and the uniformity and high precision of component quality are guaranteed.

[0022] (2) By vertically interlocking the L-shaped plinth panel protrusion with the side groove of the apron panel, and by interlocking the U-shaped groove protrusion with the bottom groove of the apron panel, a multi-directional mechanical interlocking and limiting mechanism is formed. This design ensures the stability and integrity of the connection between the apron panel and the wall, the apron panel and the foundation, and adjacent aprons, effectively preventing loosening and displacement.

[0023] (3) The U-shaped groove double protrusion design of this utility model, while accurately positioning two adjacent drainage panels, naturally forms a standardized expansion joint. This structure allows the panels to shift due to temperature changes or slight settlement, while the sealing material (such as asphalt and weather-resistant adhesive) filling the expansion joint can always maintain a good sealing state, thus fundamentally solving the technical problem of easy cracking and leakage at the joint. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a side view of the sloping drainage panel in a plinth and sloping drainage panel combined structure of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a side view of the L-shaped plinth panel in a plinth and sloping drainage panel composite structure of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a side view of the U-shaped trench in a combined structure of plinth and sloping drainage panel according to this application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a front view of the assembly of multiple drainage structures in a plinth and slope drainage panel combination structure of this application;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a side view of the assembly of multiple drainage structures in a plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure.

[0031] In the diagram, 101-drainage panel; 102-exposed external corner arc; 104-side connecting groove of the first drainage panel; 201-side connecting groove of the second drainage panel; 301-base plate; 302-L-shaped plinth panel protrusion; 303-back plate; 401-U-shaped groove protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the first embodiment of this utility model provides a plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure, including:

[0035] L-shaped plinth panel, installed on the building wall, with an L-shaped plinth panel protrusion 302 on the side facing the outside;

[0036] The water distribution panel 101 has a first water distribution panel side connection groove 104 on one side, and the L-shaped foot panel protrusion 302 is inserted into the first water distribution panel side connection groove 104; the bottom surface near the two side edges has a second water distribution panel side connection groove 201.

[0037] The U-shaped groove has two independent U-shaped groove protrusions 401 at its top;

[0038] The U-shaped groove protrusion 401 is inserted into the side connecting groove 201 of the second water distribution panel; the two U-shaped groove protrusions 401 of the same U-shaped groove are used to insert into the side connecting groove 201 of the second water distribution panel of two adjacent water distribution panels 101, and form a deformation joint between the two water distribution panels 101.

[0039] The structure mainly consists of three precast concrete components: an L-shaped plinth panel, a drainage panel 101, and a U-shaped trench. (See also...) Figure 3 The L-shaped plinth panel is tightly bonded to the base of the building's exterior wall with cement mortar. Its vertical side is flush with the wall surface, and its horizontal side extends outward to form a support platform. A protruding L-shaped plinth panel protrusion 302 is provided at the integrated end of the horizontal side facing the outside.

[0040] More specifically, the L-shaped plinth panel of this utility model is composed of a back plate 303, a bottom plate 301, and an L-shaped plinth panel protrusion 302 of the same length. The back plate 303 is tightly bonded and fixed to the base of the building exterior wall with cement mortar. The bottom of the back plate 303 is perpendicularly fixed to one side of the bottom plate 301, and the other side of the bottom plate 301 is perpendicularly fixed to the L-shaped plinth panel protrusion 302. The L-shaped plinth panel protrusion 302 and the back plate 303 have the same orientation and are parallel.

[0041] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The drainage panel 101 is a precast concrete slab with a predetermined drainage slope, typically controlled between 3% and 5%. A first drainage panel side connection groove 104 is machined on the long side near the wall. The size and shape of this groove 104 are designed to precisely interlock with the L-shaped plinth panel protrusion 302, thereby achieving quick, accurate positioning and reliable connection between the drainage panel 101 and the wall. On the bottom surface of the drainage panel 101, near its two side edges, two second drainage panel side connection grooves 201 are symmetrically formed.

[0042] See Figure 4 The U-shaped trench is a prefabricated, elongated concrete foundation component, which is securely installed on a leveled and compacted outdoor foundation using cement mortar. At the top of the U-shaped trench, two independent and parallel U-shaped trench protrusions 401 are integrally formed. During installation, the laying axis of the U-shaped trench is first determined based on the design drawings and the elevation and position of the already installed L-shaped plinth panel protrusions 302. Then, the U-shaped trench is positioned so that the top U-shaped trench protrusion 401 is precisely inserted into the corresponding second drainage panel side connecting groove 201 on the bottom surface of the drainage panel 101. This insertion not only provides solid support for the drainage panel 101 in the middle, but more importantly, when laying an adjacent second drainage panel 101, another independent protrusion on the same U-shaped trench will insert into the groove 201 of the adjacent panel, thus using one U-shaped trench to simultaneously lock and connect two adjacent drainage panels 101.

[0043] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, during this plug-in connection process, a certain gap will naturally remain between the side walls of two adjacent drainage panels 101, and this gap constitutes the expansion joint required by the design. To ensure the sealing and durability of this joint, the expansion joint needs to be sealed:

[0044] First, molten asphalt is injected deep into the crack until a certain depth is reached, forming the first layer of waterproof seal. After the asphalt cools and solidifies, a highly elastic and weather-resistant sealant is then filled into the crack opening to form a reliable double-seal system. This effectively adapts to deformations caused by temperature changes or slight settlement of the foundation, preventing rainwater leakage.

[0045] Furthermore, the exposed external corners of the drainage panel 101 are all made into exposed external corner rounded arcs 102. This not only improves the aesthetics of the product but also avoids the risk of damage from sharp edges, enhancing the safety of construction and use. All components are pre-produced in batches at the factory using high-precision steel molds, ensuring dimensional consistency, strength reliability, and surface flatness. After being transported to the site, they can be quickly dry-assembled, greatly improving construction efficiency and quality.

[0046] The second embodiment of this utility model proposes a prefabrication template for a plinth and sloping apron panel combination structure, used for prefabricating a plinth and sloping apron panel combination structure, the prefabrication template comprising:

[0047] The mold cavity shape of the foot support mold is matched with the L-shaped foot support panel and the L-shaped foot support panel protrusion 302;

[0048] The mold core of the water distribution panel is shaped to match the water distribution panel 101, the side connecting groove 104 of the first water distribution panel, and the side connecting groove 201 of the second water distribution panel.

[0049] The groove mold has a cavity shape that matches the U-shaped groove and the U-shaped groove protrusion 401.

[0050] In this embodiment, the plinth mold is specifically used for casting the L-shaped plinth panel. Its mold cavity adopts a negative mold form, accurately replicating the final shape of the L-shaped plinth panel, and has forming recesses at corresponding positions. These recesses form the L-shaped plinth panel protrusion 302 after the concrete is poured and solidified. The mold design ensures the right-angle accuracy of the vertical and horizontal edges and includes necessary reinforcing ribs and fastening clips to ensure it does not deform or shift during vibration molding. During demolding, the component can be easily removed from the mold cavity by loosening the lateral bolts and using a pre-set pusher device. The protrusion 302 is designed with a slight draft angle to ensure smooth demolding without damaging the component.

[0051] The drainage panel mold is used for the integrated molding of the drainage panel 101. The bottom mold shape strictly follows the design slope (3%-5%) of the drainage panel 101, while the side molds fix the outline of the panel. Its core feature lies in the design of the mold cores: one set of mold cores is fixed at a specific position in the bottom mold to form two second drainage panel side connection grooves 201 on the bottom surface of the drainage panel 101; another set of mold cores is set on the side to form the first drainage panel side connection grooves 104 on the side of the panel. For the part on the other side of the panel where drainage panel side connectors need to be formed, corresponding cavities are opened on the side molds. All mold cores and mold cavities are precisely fitted to ensure that the formed grooves are accurate in size, have clear edges, and are easy to separate from the main mold during demolding.

[0052] The groove mold is used to produce the U-shaped groove. Its cavity shape is an inverted U-shape to form the groove body. Two independent raised cavities are machined on the bottom mold (i.e., the part forming the top surface of the U-shaped groove). After concrete pouring, two U-shaped groove protrusions 401 are formed on the top of the U-shaped groove. This mold typically uses a vertical pouring method, with the opening facing upwards, to facilitate concrete pouring and compaction. To ensure the forming quality of the two protrusions 401, this area is designed with dedicated venting holes, and an ejection mechanism is installed in the demolding system to ensure that the component can be demolded without damage.

[0053] All molds are made of wear-resistant steel, possessing sufficient rigidity and durability to meet the needs of high-intensity, repetitive factory production. By using the prefabricated formwork system of this embodiment, all matching prefabricated components can be manufactured efficiently and precisely, providing a solid foundation for the dry rapid assembly construction described in the first embodiment.

[0054] In the description of this utility model, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," which indicate direction or positional relationships, are based on the direction or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are used merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] The term "comprising" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus / device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent in such process, method, article, or apparatus / device.

[0057] The technical solution of this utility model has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scope of this utility model is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure, characterized in that, include: L-shaped plinth panel, installed on the building wall, with an L-shaped plinth panel protrusion (302) on the side facing the outside; The water-spreading panel (101) has a first water-spreading panel side connection groove (104) on one side, and the L-shaped foot panel protrusion (302) is inserted into the first water-spreading panel side connection groove (104); the bottom surface near the two side edges has a second water-spreading panel side connection groove (201). The U-shaped groove has two independent U-shaped groove protrusions (401) at the top; The U-shaped groove protrusion (401) is inserted into the side connecting groove (201) of the second water distribution panel; the two U-shaped groove protrusions (401) of the same U-shaped groove are used to insert into the side connecting groove (201) of the second water distribution panel of the two adjacent water distribution panels (101) and form a deformation joint between the two water distribution panels (101).

2. The plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The L-shaped plinth panel is vertically and horizontally fixed to the building wall using cement mortar.

3. The plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water distribution panel (101) has an exposed external corner arc (102).

4. The plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion joint is filled with asphalt and weather-resistant sealant to form a double seal.

5. The plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The L-shaped plinth panel, the drainage panel (101), and the U-shaped trench are all precast concrete components.

6. The plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion joint is filled with sealing material.

7. A prefabrication mold for prefabricating the plinth and sloping drainage panel combination structure as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The prefabrication mold includes: The mold cavity shape of the foot bracket is matched with the L-shaped foot bracket panel and the L-shaped foot bracket panel protrusion (302); The mold core of the water distribution panel is shaped to match the water distribution panel (101), the side connecting groove (104) of the first water distribution panel, and the side connecting groove (201) of the second water distribution panel. The groove mold has a cavity shape that matches the U-shaped groove and the U-shaped groove protrusion (401).

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