A main shaft front bearing assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a main shaft front bearing assembly, involves bearing seat, hydraulic cover, inner shaft sleeve, outer shaft sleeve, bearing, front gland, rear gland, slotted butterfly spring, spacer ring and quick -detachable positioning mechanism, inner shaft sleeve is sleeved in the outer periphery of hydraulic cover, and outer shaft sleeve is coaxially arranged in the outer periphery of inner shaft sleeve and forms annular cavity, and bearing, spring and spacer ring are arranged in annular cavity, and front / rear gland seals annular cavity both ends, bearing seat is equipped with oil injection hole and oil outlet, and outer shaft sleeve and spacer ring are equipped with oil hole and annular cavity oil channel intercommunication, quick -detachable positioning mechanism is by pin shaft flange, positioning screw, quick -lock rod and pin shaft washer constitutes. This component compact structure, convenient to dismount and repeat positioning accuracy height, can effectively eliminate bearing axial gap and realize reliable lubrication, prolong the life, is applicable to the main shaft equipment of needing frequent tool change.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the spindle transmission technology of woodworking machinery, and in particular to a front bearing assembly for a spindle. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of woodworking machinery, the spindle is the core transmission component of the equipment. The front spindle bearing assembly, as the support and positioning structure at the front end of the spindle, directly affects the spindle's rotational accuracy, rigidity, and the equipment's processing efficiency. However, existing front spindle bearing assemblies suffer from the following key technical problems in practical applications:

[0003] Low disassembly and assembly efficiency and poor positioning accuracy: When changing tools during machining, the front bearing assembly of the spindle needs to be frequently disassembled and assembled. Existing assemblies mostly use bolt groups for fixing, which requires multiple tools to tighten the bolts one by one during disassembly and assembly, making the operation cumbersome and time-consuming. At the same time, repeated disassembly and assembly of bolts can easily cause the positioning reference to shift, resulting in a decrease in the repeatability of the assembly's positioning accuracy, which in turn affects the coaxiality of the spindle and the tool, reducing machining accuracy.

[0004] Axial clearance in bearings is difficult to eliminate: When the spindle rotates at high speed, axial clearance in the bearings can cause spindle movement and reduce spindle rigidity. Existing components mostly adjust the clearance using shims, but the shim thickness requires repeated trial fitting, making the adjustment process complex and difficult to guarantee accuracy. After long-term use, the shims are prone to wear, and the clearance reappears, requiring frequent shutdowns for maintenance and affecting production continuity.

[0005] Poor lubrication reliability and prone to oil leakage: The lubrication effect of bearings directly determines their service life. The existing components have unreasonable lubrication channel design, making it difficult for lubricating oil to evenly cover the bearing rolling elements; at the same time, the sealing structure is simple (such as using only lip seals), and the seals are prone to wear during high-speed rotation, resulting in lubricating oil leakage. This not only pollutes the working environment, but also causes insufficient bearing lubrication, aggravates wear, shortens the bearing replacement cycle, and increases maintenance costs.

[0006] Insufficient spindle clamping stability: The front end of the spindle needs to be reliably clamped by a component. Existing components mostly use rigid sleeves to directly fit the spindle, lacking buffer and adaptive adjustment structures. When the spindle is subjected to radial or axial loads, the clamping is prone to loosening, causing the spindle to vibrate and affecting the quality of the machined surface (such as the appearance of vibration marks).

[0007] The aforementioned problems collectively result in poor user experience, high maintenance costs, and low equipment processing efficiency of existing spindle front bearing assemblies, failing to meet the demands of high-precision and high-efficiency modern machining. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a new type of spindle front bearing assembly that can solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a spindle front bearing assembly to solve the technical problems of "low disassembly and assembly efficiency, poor repeatability and positioning accuracy", "difficulty in eliminating axial clearance of bearings", "unreliable lubrication and easy oil leakage" and "unstable spindle clamping", and to achieve the goals of convenient assembly and disassembly, accurate positioning, zero bearing clearance, reliable lubrication, and stable spindle clamping.

[0009] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: a spindle front bearing assembly, comprising: a bearing housing, a hydraulic sleeve, an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, a bearing, a front pressure cap, a rear pressure cap, a spring, and a spacer. The inner sleeve is disposed on the outer periphery of the hydraulic sleeve, and the outer sleeve is coaxially disposed on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve, forming an annular cavity with the inner sleeve. The bearing housing is fixedly disposed on the outer periphery of the outer sleeve. The front pressure cap is sealed to the front end of the annular cavity, and the rear pressure cap is sealed to the rear end of the annular cavity. The bearing is disposed in the annular cavity and is used to rotatably connect the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. The spring is disposed in the annular cavity at one end of the bearing, and the spacer is disposed in the annular cavity at the other end of the bearing. The bearing housing is provided with an oil injection hole and an oil outlet hole, and the outer sleeve and the spacer are provided with oil passages communicating with the oil injection hole, the annular cavity, and the oil outlet hole.

[0010] A preferred technical solution is that a retaining ring is provided on the outer circumference of the inner bushing, and the retaining ring is located in the annular cavity and abuts against the end of the inner ring of the bearing.

[0011] The preferred technical solution is that the spacer is provided on the inner circumference of the outer bushing, and the spacer is located in the annular cavity and abuts against the end of the outer ring of the bearing.

[0012] The preferred technical solution is that the spring is a slotted disc spring.

[0013] A preferred technical solution is as follows: an annular boss is formed on the outer periphery of the hydraulic sleeve, the stepped surface of the annular boss is correspondingly disposed with the end face of the inner bushing, and a washer is sleeved on the outer periphery of the hydraulic sleeve, the washer being located between the stepped surface of the annular boss and the end face of the inner bushing.

[0014] A preferred technical solution is that it further includes a steering cover, which is disposed at the end of the hydraulic sleeve.

[0015] A preferred technical solution further includes a quick-release positioning mechanism, which consists of a pin flange, a positioning screw, a quick-locking rod, and a pin washer. The pin flange is fixed to the bearing housing. The threaded end of the positioning screw passes through a through hole on the pin flange and is inserted into the inner side of the bearing housing to position the bearing housing. The quick-locking rod is assembled to the other end of the positioning screw and can switch between coaxial and perpendicular states with the positioning screw. The pin washer is rotated onto the bearing housing and is used to lock the end of the positioning screw.

[0016] A preferred technical solution is that it further includes a handle, which is fixed to the bearing seat.

[0017] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] Easy to assemble and disassemble with high positioning accuracy: The quick-release positioning mechanism enables rapid assembly and disassembly of components. During installation, after fixing the front end of the positioning screw, rotate the quick-locking rod to a horizontal position. After the component slides into place along the positioning screw, insert the pin washer and rotate the quick-locking rod 90° to lock it. No need for multiple tools, shortening the assembly and disassembly time. In addition, the high precision of the fit between the smooth section of the positioning screw and the pin flange results in small repeatability error, effectively ensuring the coaxiality of the spindle and the tool.

[0019] The bearing is backlash-free and has high rigidity: It adopts a slotted disc spring in combination with a spacer. The preload of the slotted disc spring can be continuously applied to the inner and outer rings of the bearing, completely eliminating axial clearance. At the same time, the shaft retaining ring and spacer respectively limit the axial movement of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, preventing radial movement, improving the rotational accuracy and rigidity of the spindle, and meeting the requirements of high-speed cutting.

[0020] Reliable lubrication and long service life: Complete lubrication channels ensure that lubricating oil evenly covers the rolling elements of the bearing, avoids local dry friction, extends the service life of the bearing, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0021] Stable spindle clamping and compact structure: The hydraulic sleeve can adaptively adjust the assembly clearance of the spindle through the cooperation of the annular boss and the washer, so as to achieve rigid clamping of the front end of the spindle and avoid loosening and vibration under load; the components of the assembly are coaxially assembled, reducing the overall radial dimension, which is suitable for spindle equipment with limited space. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of the spindle front bearing assembly involved in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the spindle front bearing assembly involved in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 3This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the quick-release positioning mechanism involved in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-3 It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "horizontal," "vertical," and "suspended," etc., do not indicate that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] Example:

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, according to an overall technical concept of this utility model, a spindle front bearing assembly is provided, including: a bearing housing 1, a hydraulic sleeve 2, an inner sleeve 3, an outer sleeve 4, a bearing 5, a front pressure cover 6, a rear pressure cover 7, a spring 8, and a spacer 9. The inner sleeve 3 is disposed on the outer periphery of the hydraulic sleeve 2, and the outer sleeve 4 is coaxially disposed on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve 3, forming an annular cavity with the inner sleeve 3. The bearing housing 1 is fixed on the outer periphery of the outer sleeve 4. The front pressure cover 6 is sealed to the front end of the annular cavity, and the rear pressure cover 7 is sealed to the rear end of the annular cavity. The bearing 5 is disposed in the annular cavity and is used to rotatably connect the inner sleeve 3 and the outer sleeve 4. The spring 8 is disposed in the annular cavity at one end of the bearing 5, and the spacer 9 is disposed in the annular cavity at the other end of the bearing 5. The bearing housing 1 is provided with an oil injection hole 100 and an oil outlet hole 200, and the outer sleeve 4 and the spacer 9 are provided with oil passages connecting the oil injection hole, the annular cavity, and the oil outlet hole.

[0030] It should be noted that a sealing ring 10 is provided on the connecting circumference of the front pressure cover 6 and the inner bushing 3, and a sealing ring 11 is provided on the connecting circumference of the rear pressure cover 7 and the inner bushing 3, in order to prevent the lubricating oil in the annular cavity from leaking.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment of this utility model, a retaining ring 12 is provided on the outer circumference of the inner bushing 3. The retaining ring 12 is located in the annular cavity and abuts against the end of the inner ring of the bearing 5. A spacer 9 is provided on the inner circumference of the outer bushing 4. The spacer 9 is located in the annular cavity and abuts against the end of the outer ring of the bearing 5. This structure is used to limit the axial movement of the bearing 5, prevent the bearing 5 from moving radially, improve the rotational accuracy and rigidity of the spindle, and meet the requirements of high-speed cutting.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment of this utility model, the spring 8 is a slotted disc spring.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment of this utility model, an annular boss is formed on the outer periphery of the hydraulic sleeve 2. The stepped surface of the annular boss is correspondingly disposed with the end face of the inner bushing 3. A washer 13 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the hydraulic sleeve 2. The washer 13 is located between the stepped surface of the annular boss and the end face of the inner bushing 3, and the gap can be adjusted by the washer 13.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a steering cover 14 is also included, which is disposed at the end of the hydraulic sleeve 2.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in an exemplary embodiment of this utility model, a quick-release positioning mechanism is also included. The quick-release positioning mechanism consists of a pin flange 15, a positioning screw 16, a quick-locking rod 17, and a pin washer 18. The pin flange 15 is fixed on the bearing seat 1. The threaded end of the positioning screw 16 passes through a through hole on the pin flange 15 and is inserted into the inner side of the bearing seat 1 to position the bearing seat 1. The quick-locking rod 17 is assembled on the other end of the positioning screw 16 and can switch between coaxial and perpendicular states with the positioning screw 15. The pin washer 18 is rotated on the bearing seat 1 and is used to lock the end of the positioning screw 15.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one exemplary embodiment of this utility model, a handle 19 is also included, which is fixed on the bearing seat 1.

[0037] Therefore, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0038] Easy to assemble and disassemble with high positioning accuracy: The quick-release positioning mechanism enables rapid assembly and disassembly of components. During installation, after fixing the front end of the positioning screw, rotate the quick-locking rod to a horizontal position. After the component slides into place along the positioning screw, insert the pin washer and rotate the quick-locking rod 90° to lock it. No need for multiple tools, shortening the assembly and disassembly time. In addition, the high precision of the fit between the smooth section of the positioning screw and the pin flange results in small repeatability error, effectively ensuring the coaxiality of the spindle and the tool.

[0039] The bearing is backlash-free and has high rigidity: It adopts a slotted disc spring in combination with a spacer. The preload of the slotted disc spring can be continuously applied to the inner and outer rings of the bearing, completely eliminating axial clearance. At the same time, the shaft retaining ring and spacer respectively limit the axial movement of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, preventing radial movement, improving the rotational accuracy and rigidity of the spindle, and meeting the requirements of high-speed cutting.

[0040] Reliable lubrication and long service life: Complete lubrication channels ensure that lubricating oil evenly covers the rolling elements of the bearing, avoids local dry friction, extends the service life of the bearing, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0041] Stable spindle clamping and compact structure: The hydraulic sleeve can adaptively adjust the assembly clearance of the spindle through the cooperation of the annular boss and the washer, so as to achieve rigid clamping of the front end of the spindle and avoid loosening and vibration under load; the components of the assembly are coaxially assembled, reducing the overall radial dimension, which is suitable for spindle equipment with limited space.

[0042] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A spindle front bearing assembly, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a bearing housing, a hydraulic sleeve, an inner bushing, an outer bushing, a bearing, a front pressure cap, a rear pressure cap, a spring, and a spacer. The inner bushing is disposed on the outer periphery of the hydraulic sleeve, and the outer bushing is coaxially disposed on the outer periphery of the inner bushing, forming an annular cavity with the inner bushing. The bearing housing is fixed on the outer periphery of the outer bushing. The front pressure cap is sealed to the front end of the annular cavity, and the rear pressure cap is sealed to the rear end of the annular cavity. The bearing is disposed in the annular cavity and is used to rotatably connect the inner bushing and the outer bushing. The spring is disposed in the annular cavity at one end of the bearing, and the spacer is disposed in the annular cavity at the other end of the bearing. The bearing housing has an oil injection hole and an oil outlet hole, and the outer bushing and the spacer have oil passages communicating with the oil injection hole, the annular cavity, and the oil outlet hole.

2. The spindle front bearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the inner bushing is provided with a shaft retaining ring, which is located in the annular cavity and abuts against the end of the inner ring of the bearing.

3. The spindle front bearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacer ring is fitted on the inner circumference of the outer bushing, and the spacer ring is located in the annular cavity and abuts against the end of the outer ring of the bearing.

4. A spindle front bearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring is a slotted disc spring.

5. A spindle front bearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic sleeve has an annular boss on its outer periphery, and the stepped surface of the annular boss is correspondingly provided with the end face of the inner bushing. A washer is fitted on the outer periphery of the hydraulic sleeve, and the washer is located between the stepped surface of the annular boss and the end face of the inner bushing.

6. A spindle front bearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a steering cover, which is located at the end of the hydraulic sleeve.

7. A spindle front bearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a quick-release positioning mechanism, which consists of a pin flange, a positioning screw, a quick-locking rod, and a pin washer. The pin flange is fixed to the bearing housing. The threaded end of the positioning screw passes through a through hole on the pin flange and is inserted into the inner side of the bearing housing to position the bearing housing. The quick-locking rod is assembled to the other end of the positioning screw and can switch between coaxial and perpendicular states with the positioning screw. The pin washer is rotated onto the bearing housing and is used to lock the end of the positioning screw.

8. A spindle front bearing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a handle, which is fixed to the bearing housing.

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