A low-power electromechanical fuze power generation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a low -power electromechanical fuze power generation device, including inductive coil part and magnetic ring part, inductive coil part winding setting in the outside of fuze or bullet body, and the magnetic ring sets up at the muzzle or the cannon mouth of launcher, and inductive coil part connects fuze circuit, when launching, fuze is with inductive coil part through the magnetic ring at launcher muzzle or cannon mouth, produces electric energy and supplies fuze circuit to use, compared with prior art, the utility model adopts the mode that magnetic ring is external, inductive coil and magnetic ring separate, saves fuze internal space, and the structure applicability is good, compared with the recoil generator, and its anti -overload and long storage performance are better, simultaneously, every fuze only needs an inductive coil, and the production cost is greatly reduced. Still can carry out magnetic field energy adjustment according to the demand, and the magnetic ring can be repeatedly used or replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of fuze power generation systems, specifically to a low-power electromechanical fuze power generation device. Background Technology

[0002] Electromechanical fuses achieve precise control of explosives through the coordinated operation of mechanical components and electronic circuits. Different types of electromechanical fuses can be designed to meet various operational requirements, such as contact fuses, time fuses, and proximity fuses. They can effectively strike targets in different environments, including on land, in the air, and underwater.

[0003] The aforementioned fuses require a power source to supply electrical energy to the electronic circuitry. Currently, the mainstream technologies for power generation are: 1. Recoil generator: The principle utilizes the recoil overload during launch (typically reaching thousands to tens of thousands of g). The device contains a "spring-magnetic core rod-coil" / "locking pin-magnetic core rod-coil" system. The recoil force causes the magnetic core rod to overcome the spring force or locking pin, generating relative motion. The coil cuts magnetic field lines, generating an induced electromotive force. Features: This is one of the current mainstream and mature technologies. Energy comes from the instant of launch, providing timely power and high reliability. 2. Turbine generator: The principle is that after the ammunition leaves the barrel, its high-speed flight causes air to flow into the air intake of the fuse head, driving a miniature turbine to rotate. The turbine is connected to a miniature generator (usually a magnet and a coil), thus generating electricity. Features: This is also one of the current mainstream and mature technologies. Energy comes from the flight process, providing power for a relatively long time, but there is an initial power supply delay and it requires a certain flight speed. 3. Piezoelectric generator: The principle is to utilize the impact overload during launch to deform the piezoelectric ceramic material (such as PZT), generating high-voltage, low-current pulsed electrical energy through the positive piezoelectric effect. Features: Simple structure, no moving parts, extremely fast response. However, the total energy generated is relatively low, and it usually needs to be used in conjunction with an energy storage circuit. 4. Traditional power supply: Principle: Built-in battery or charging using other devices in the field. Features: Stable power supply, long power supply time.

[0004] However, all of the above generators have the following defects and shortcomings:

[0005] 1. They are highly dependent on the environment and have poor operational stability. For example, the output energy of the recoil generator is heavily dependent on the peak and curve of the launch overload. For different propellants and launch ranges, the overload characteristics vary greatly, which may lead to insufficient power generation under certain "low overload" launch conditions, causing fuze failure. The turbine generator is entirely dependent on flight speed; for munitions with low initial velocity, the power generation efficiency drops sharply, and it may even fail to function properly. Traditional power supplies require specific activation conditions and additional charging devices, and the size of the power generation device is limited, making it difficult to meet different usage needs. At the same time, the energy output of recoil generators, turbine generators, and traditional power supplies is also limited by size and weight (space inside the fuze is extremely precious), making it difficult to significantly increase, thus becoming a bottleneck for fuze function upgrades.

[0006] 2. Reliability issues: Wear and tear on moving parts reduces reliability. For example, the springs and locking pins of the rear-mounted generator, and the bearings and turbine blades of the turbine generator may experience lubrication failure and material fatigue after long-term storage, affecting operational reliability.

[0007] 3. Environmental adaptability issues: For example, the air intake of the turbine generator is easily blocked by sand, snow, and rainwater. Piezoelectric ceramic materials may be at risk of aging and cracking under long-term high stress and extreme temperatures. Traditional power supplies may experience power dissipation after long-term storage, and built-in power supplies are not easy to replace.

[0008] 4. The contradiction between cost and complexity, such as the requirement for low cost: military products, especially ammunition, are extremely sensitive to cost, requiring power generation devices to have a simple structure and be easy to mass-produce. The problem of complexity arises because, to improve reliability and environmental adaptability, protective structures (such as dust screens for turbines) and adjustment mechanisms (such as recoil mechanisms to adapt to different overloads) are often required, which further increases design and manufacturing costs.

[0009] 5. Start-up delay is a typical problem for turbine generators; it takes a certain amount of time from leaving the barrel to accelerating to stable power generation, which limits the availability of the fuze over very short distances.

[0010] 6. Storage lifespan and activation reliability issues: The power generation device may be activated instantly and reliably when needed after decades of ammunition storage. This poses a severe challenge to the magnetic materials (demagnetization), elastic materials (creep), and electronic components (capacitor aging). Any slight performance degradation could lead to the failure of the entire system. Utility Model Content

[0011] In order to overcome the defects and deficiencies in the prior art, this utility model provides a low-power electromechanical fuse power generation device that is simple in structure, easy to replace, highly reliable, and highly adaptable.

[0012] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a low-power electromechanical fuse power generation device, including an induction coil component and a magnetic ring component. The induction coil component is wound around the outside of the fuse or projectile, and the magnetic ring component is located at the muzzle or cannon of the launcher. The induction coil component is connected to the fuse circuit. When fired, the fuse carries the induction coil component through the magnetic ring component at the muzzle or cannon of the launcher to generate electrical energy for the fuse circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the induction coil component includes a coil frame, an induction coil, and a coil protective shell. The induction coil is wound on the coil frame, and the coil protective shell is used to protect the induction coil on the coil frame. The coil frame is a fuse circuit socket used to connect the fuse circuit and the induction coil.

[0014] Furthermore, the magnetic ring component includes a magnetic ring and a magnetic ring protective cover, with the magnetic ring positioned at the muzzle or gun muzzle of the launcher via the magnetic ring protective cover.

[0015] Furthermore, the magnetic ring is a neodymium iron boron magnetic ring, and the magnetization method is radial magnetization, with the inner ring having a N pole and the outer ring having a S pole, or the inner ring having a S pole and the outer ring having a N pole.

[0016] Furthermore, the magnetic ring is a detachable magnetic ring.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] This invention uses an external magnetic ring, which allows for adjustment of the magnetic field energy as needed. The magnetic ring is reusable or replaceable. The magnetic ring has no contact or wear with the induction coil, has a long lifespan, strong overload resistance, and high reliability.

[0019] This invention only requires the induction coil to be mounted on the outside of the fuse or projectile, saving internal space and offering good structural applicability. Compared to a rear-mounted generator, it has better overload resistance and long-term storage performance. At the same time, each fuse only requires one induction coil, greatly reducing production costs.

[0020] This invention features an induction coil that is in close contact with the magnetic field region, and its direction of movement is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, resulting in extremely high energy conversion efficiency. Its structure has good applicability and can be used for low-power consumption requirements in low-speed, medium-speed, and high-speed ammunition systems. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the magnetic ring of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the induction coil of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is an assembly structure diagram of the present invention equipped with sensing components.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a general structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing component of this utility model entering a magnetic field.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing component of this utility model placed in a magnetic field.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing component of this utility model leaving the magnetic field.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the power generation pulses that generate electrical energy using the power generation device of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the rectifier circuit and energy storage circuit in the fuse circuit of this utility model.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1-coil frame, 2-induction coil, 3-coil protective shell, 4-wind cap, 5-fuze, 6-transmitter, 7-magnetic ring, 8-magnetic ring protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] This invention primarily utilizes Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction to meet the power requirements of low-power electronic circuits in electromechanical or all-electric fuses of launched weapons. A change in magnetic flux through a closed conductor loop will induce an electromotive force within that loop. If the loop is closed, an induced current will be generated.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A low-power electromechanical fuze power generation device includes a separate induction coil component and a magnetic ring component. The magnetic ring component is located at the muzzle or gun muzzle of a launcher 6, while the induction coil component is located outside the fuze 5 and connected to the fuze circuit. During firing, the fuze, carrying the induction coil component, passes through the magnetic ring component at the muzzle or gun muzzle of the launcher 6, generating electrical energy to power the fuze circuit. Alternatively, the induction coil component can also be located outside the projectile body.

[0035] The induction coil component of this utility model includes a coil frame 1, an induction coil 2, and a coil protective shell 3. The induction coil 2 is wound on the coil frame 1, and the coil protective shell 3 is used to protect the induction coil 2 on the coil frame 1. The coil frame 1 is a fuse circuit base used to connect the fuse circuit and the induction coil 2.

[0036] The induction coil 2 is made of copper wire with an insulating layer wound together. The outer diameter of the induction coil 2 is close to and smaller than the inner diameter of the magnetic ring 7, which ensures that the magnetic flux inside the induction coil 2 is maximized when it passes through the magnetic ring 7 and that the induction coil 2 will not be worn during emission.

[0037] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the magnetic ring component includes a magnetic ring 7 and a magnetic ring protective cover 8. The magnetic ring 7 is positioned at the muzzle or cannon muzzle of the launcher 6 via the magnetic ring protective cover 8. The magnetic ring 7 is made of neodymium iron boron magnetic ring material. Because neodymium iron boron magnetic rings are hard, brittle, and easily broken, magnetic ring protective covers 8 must be installed on the outside, bottom, and top of the magnetic ring 7 to prevent the magnetic ring 7 from being shattered during firing.

[0038] The magnetic ring 7 is magnetized radially, with the inner ring having a north pole and the outer ring a south pole, or vice versa. Other novel magnetic materials that meet the usage requirements can also be used as alternatives.

[0039] Furthermore, the magnetic ring 7 described in this utility model can be reused multiple times, and different functional magnetic rings can be disassembled and replaced as needed.

[0040] The power generation principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0041] When a coil passes through a magnetic ring at a speed of v near the muzzle of a gun or cannon, each turn of wire in the coil is cutting magnetic field lines.

[0042] Magnetic induction intensity (B): The value of B is the largest at the position close to the inner wall and can be regarded as a constant.

[0043] Wire cutting speed (v): that is, the speed at which the coil moves.

[0044] Effective length of conductor (L): For a circular coil, its effective length is its circumference L = π * D (D is the diameter of the coil).

[0045] Cutting direction: Since the magnetic field is radial and the coil moves axially, the two are perpendicular to each other (sin90°=1), which satisfies the maximum cutting efficiency.

[0046] Therefore, as Figure 7 As shown, the induced electromotive force generated by a single-turn coil is:

[0047] ε_turn=B*L*v=B*(π*D)*v

[0048] For the entire coil (N turns), the total induced electromotive force is:

[0049] ε=N*ε_turn=N*B*π*D*v

[0050] ε: The induced electromotive force at output (volts, V)

[0051] N: Total number of turns of the coil

[0052] B: Radial magnetic flux density (Tesla, T) at the inner wall of the magnetic ring.

[0053] D: Average diameter of the coil (meters, m)

[0054] v: Instantaneous velocity of the coil moving along its axis (m / s)

[0055] In summary, this invention can calculate the appropriate number of coil turns based on the selected magnetic ring parameters (grade, size, remanence, maximum energy product), projectile launch velocity, and fuze diameter. (See also...) Figure 2 .

[0056] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0057] Upon launch, the induction coil 2 on the fuse 5 enters the magnetic field of the magnetic ring 7. The direction of motion of the induction coil 2 is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field of the magnetic ring 7. The magnetic flux within the induction coil 2 increases rapidly from zero, generating an induced electromotive force at both ends of the induction coil 2, such as... Figure 5 As shown. After induction coil 2 is fully immersed in the magnetic field, the magnetic flux no longer changes, and the induced electromotive force drops to zero, as... Figure 6 As shown. When induction coil 2 exits the magnetic field, the magnetic flux decreases rapidly, and an electromotive force (EMF) is generated again at the ends of induction coil 2, in the opposite direction to the induced EMF generated when induction coil 2 entered the magnetic field, as shown. Figure 7 As shown.

[0058] Figure 8 During the entire transmission process, the power generation device will generate a sinusoidal voltage pulse at one end of the coil (a positive pulse (entering the magnetic field) and a negative pulse (leaving the magnetic field)).

[0059] like Figure 9 As shown, the fuze circuit combines a rectifier circuit and an energy storage circuit to store the electrical energy generated by this power generation device in an energy storage device for use by the fuze circuit. Since this process is not repeatable, electrical energy cannot be continuously generated; therefore, the fuze used in this power generation device must be a low-power electromechanical fuze.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A low-power electromechanical fuse power generation device, characterized in that: It includes an induction coil component and a magnetic ring component. The induction coil component is wound around the outside of the fuse or projectile, and the magnetic ring component is located at the muzzle or cannon of the launcher. The induction coil component is connected to the fuse circuit. When fired, the fuse carries the induction coil component through the magnetic ring component at the muzzle or cannon of the launcher, generating electrical energy to power the fuse circuit.

2. The low-power electromechanical fuse power generation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The induction coil component includes a coil frame, an induction coil, and a coil protective shell. The induction coil is wound around the coil frame, and the coil protective shell is used to protect the induction coil on the coil frame. The coil frame is a fuse circuit base used to connect the fuse circuit and the induction coil.

3. The low-power electromechanical fuse power generation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic ring component includes a magnetic ring and a magnetic ring protective cover, with the magnetic ring positioned at the muzzle or gun muzzle of the launcher via the magnetic ring protective cover.

4. The low-power electromechanical fuse power generation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic ring is a neodymium iron boron magnetic ring, and the magnetization method is radial magnetization, with the inner ring having a N pole and the outer ring having a S pole, or the inner ring having a S pole and the outer ring having a N pole.

5. The low-power electromechanical fuse power generation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic ring is a detachable magnetic ring.

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