Condenser of the electric double layer type

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of electronic components, concretely relates to a bank type capacitor, including first capacitor core group and second capacitor core group, first capacitor core group and second capacitor core group include a plurality of first capacitor core and second capacitor core arranged in array form respectively, first capacitor core and second capacitor core are all cylindrical, the diameter of first capacitor core is greater than the diameter of second capacitor core, and every second capacitor core is located in the clearance formed by four first capacitor cores, every capacitor core is formed by double -layer metallized film winding, and the edge of metallized film along the winding axis direction is wave -shaped. The utility model can improve the space utilization of capacitor core, energy storage density and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of capacitors, specifically, it relates to a reservoir-type capacitor. Background Technology

[0002] Large-scale scientific facilities (such as controlled nuclear fusion, positive and negative ion collisions, flash photography, particle accelerators, and neutron sources) have extremely high power requirements, necessitating significant power outputs. Furthermore, the power systems within these facilities operate at high voltages and often in intermittent or pulsed modes, thus placing a substantial load on the power grid and potentially causing power fluctuations.

[0003] Energy storage tanks can temporarily store excess energy in a power system, allowing it to be recharged when needed, thus reducing the impact on grid power load fluctuations. Capacitors, due to their high operating voltage, long charge / discharge life, and high power density, are ideal short-term energy storage devices and the most important energy storage components in pulsed power supplies. They account for approximately 80% of the weight and volume of the entire power supply unit. As pulsed power supplies develop towards higher power, higher repetition frequency, and miniaturization, energy storage tank capacitors are required to have high energy density, high reliability, and a service life matching the load life.

[0004] The main disadvantages of existing energy storage type capacitors are: they use cylindrical capacitor cores, resulting in low space utilization and insufficient energy storage density. They are also large in size, requiring a large amount of insulating materials such as epoxy resin for potting. Furthermore, the volume shrinkage of epoxy resin during thermosetting can easily lead to stress accumulation, reducing the capacitor's surge resistance and reliability. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose a reservoir-type capacitor with high space utilization, high energy storage density, and high reliability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a capacitor of the energy storage type, including a first capacitor core group and a second capacitor core group. The first capacitor core group and the second capacitor core group respectively include a plurality of first capacitor cores and second capacitor cores arranged in an array. The first capacitor cores and the second capacitor cores are both cylindrical. The diameter of the first capacitor core is larger than the diameter of the second capacitor core, and each second capacitor core is disposed in the gap formed by four adjacent first capacitor cores. Each capacitor core is formed by winding a double-layer metallized film, and the edge of the metallized film along the winding axis is wavy.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter ratio of the first capacitor core to the second capacitor core is .

[0008] Preferably, the double-layer metallized film includes a first metallized film and a second metallized film stacked on the first metallized film, wherein the first metallized film includes a first dielectric film and a first electrode layer disposed on the first dielectric film, and along the winding axis direction, the first electrode layer includes three electrode regions isolated from each other by insulating regions, and the edges of the two electrode regions located at the ends of the first dielectric film are wavy.

[0009] The second metallized film includes a second dielectric film and a second electrode layer disposed on the second dielectric film. Along the winding axis, the second electrode layer includes two electrode regions isolated from each other by an insulating region.

[0010] Preferably, both ends of the first capacitor core and the second capacitor core are formed with end electrodes by spraying. The end electrodes have a multi-layer structure, and each layer is made of one of the following materials: aluminum, zinc, copper, tin, tin-zinc alloy, babbitt alloy, and zinc-aluminum alloy.

[0011] Preferably, the two ends of the first capacitor core group and the second capacitor core group are aligned, and the capacitor cores of each capacitor core group are connected in parallel through an internal connection structure. The first capacitor core group and the second capacitor core group are connected in parallel through a connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the two ends of the first capacitor core group and the second capacitor core group connected in parallel are respectively connected to the electrode screw.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a housing and a cover plate, the cover plate being disposed on the housing, and the cover plate having an electrode mounting hole for the electrode screw to pass through.

[0014] Preferably, the electrode mounting hole is provided with an insulating ring, the insulating ring including an inner insulating ring and an outer insulating ring respectively provided on both sides of the cover plate, the inner insulating ring and the outer insulating ring being connected by threads.

[0015] Preferably, the cover plate is further provided with an injection hole for injecting insulating material into the outer casing.

[0016] Preferably, the insulating material is epoxy resin, polyurethane, or silicone gel resin.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: it improves the space utilization and energy storage density of the capacitor core, reduces the amount of insulating materials such as epoxy resin, and avoids the problem of reduced surge resistance caused by stress accumulation during the thermosetting process of epoxy resin. The wavy edges of the metallized film in the capacitor core increase the effective contact area between the metallized film and the terminal electrodes, thereby increasing the bonding strength. This improves both the current carrying capacity and prevents electrode detachment, thus enhancing the reliability of the capacitor. The terminal electrodes of the capacitor core adopt a multi-layer metal structure, increasing the current carrying capacity and heat dissipation capacity of the core's end face, ensuring the miniaturization and high current capability of the capacitor product.

[0018] Other features and advantages of this invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a reservoir-type capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 2 The diagram shows the unfolded view of each material layer of the capacitor core of an energy reservoir type capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of each material layer of the capacitor core of an energy storage type capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a reservoir-type capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein part of the outer casing is cut open.

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the insulating ring of an energy reservoir type capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the electrode screw of an energy reservoir type capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1-First capacitor core; 2-Second capacitor core; 3-First metallized film; 4-Second metallized film; 5-First dielectric film; 6-Insulating region; 7-Electrode region; 8-Second dielectric film; 9-Outer shell; 10-Cover plate; 11-Electrode screw; 12-Insulating ring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0029] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," and "right" generally refer to the orientation shown in the accompanying drawings. "Inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer sides relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0031] The dimensions and proportions of the components shown in the accompanying drawings are illustrative and do not limit or restrict the content of this utility model.

[0032] The following is a reference appendix Figure 1-6 The energy storage type capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first capacitor core group and a second capacitor core group. The first and second capacitor core groups respectively include multiple first capacitor cores 1 and second capacitor cores 2 arranged in an array. Both the first and second capacitor cores are cylindrical, with the diameter of the first capacitor core being larger than the diameter of the second capacitor core. Each second capacitor core is disposed in a gap formed by four adjacent first capacitor cores. Each capacitor core, i.e., each first capacitor core 1 and each second capacitor core 2, is formed by winding a double-layer metallized film. The metallized film is wound along the winding axis (i.e.,...). Figure 2 The edges (in the vertical direction) are wavy.

[0033] This energy storage type capacitor places the second capacitor core within the gaps formed by four adjacent first capacitor cores, improving the space utilization and energy storage density of the capacitor core while reducing the amount of insulating materials such as epoxy resin. By reducing the amount of epoxy resin, the problem of decreased surge resistance due to stress accumulation during the thermosetting process can be avoided. The metallized film of the capacitor core has wavy edges, increasing the roughness of the core end face and the effective contact area between the metallized film and the terminal electrodes, thereby increasing the bonding strength. This improves both the overcurrent capacity and prevents electrode detachment, enhancing the reliability of the capacitor.

[0034] Preferably, the diameter ratio of the first capacitor core 1 and the second capacitor core 2 is . More preferably This maximizes the space utilization and energy storage density of the capacitor core.

[0035] In this embodiment, the double-layer metallized film includes a first metallized film 3 and a second metallized film 4 stacked on the first metallized film 3, wherein the first metallized film 3 includes a first dielectric film 5 and a first electrode layer disposed on the first dielectric film 5, along the winding axis direction (i.e. Figure 2 (in the vertical direction), the first electrode layer includes three electrode regions 7 that are isolated from each other by the insulating region 6, and the edges of the two electrode regions 7 located at the ends of the first dielectric film 5 are wavy.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, the outer sides of the two electrode regions 7 located at the ends of the first dielectric film 5 are thickened, and the middle of the middle electrode region 7 is thickened. The edges of the first metallized film 3 (i.e., the two electrode regions 7 located at the ends of the first dielectric film 5) adopt a wavy design in the form of a sine function. The contact length of the film edge within one cycle can be calculated using the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] Where L represents the contact length at the edge of the thin film, h represents the amplitude of the sine function, and w represents the wavelength of the sine function. Compared to a straight edge, the contact length at the edge of the thin film is increased to approximately 2.5 times, thereby increasing the effective contact area between the metallized thin film and the terminal electrode, increasing the bonding strength, improving the overcurrent capability, preventing electrode detachment, and enhancing the reliability of the capacitor.

[0039] The second metallized film 4 includes a second dielectric film 8 and a second electrode layer disposed on the second dielectric film 8. Along the winding axis, the second electrode layer includes two electrode regions 7 that are isolated from each other by an insulating region 6. Figure 2 and 3 As shown, there are three insulating regions 6 in total, two of which are located at the ends of the second dielectric film 8, and one is located between the two electrode regions 7.

[0040] The capacitor core improves its voltage withstand capability by using multiple internal series connections, while increasing the current-carrying area and current withstand capability by using wavy edges and thickened edge electrodes.

[0041] The dielectric film can be made of one of the following materials: polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polystyrene (PS), polyimide (PI), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or capacitor paper. The electrode material can be one of aluminum, copper, zinc, or silver.

[0042] Both ends of the first capacitor core 1 and the second capacitor core 2 are formed with end electrodes by spraying. The end electrodes have a multi-layer structure, and each layer is made of one of the following materials: aluminum, zinc, copper, tin, tin-zinc alloy, Babbitt alloy, or zinc-aluminum alloy. The multi-layer structure of the end electrodes can increase the end face current carrying capacity and heat dissipation capacity of the core, ensuring the miniaturization and high current of the capacitor product, and also reducing the loss of the capacitor core.

[0043] In this embodiment, the two ends of the first capacitor core group and the second capacitor core group are aligned, and the capacitor cores of each capacitor core group are connected in parallel through an internal connection structure. That is, multiple first capacitor cores 1 of the first capacitor core group are connected in parallel through an internal connection structure, and multiple second capacitor cores 2 of the second capacitor core group are connected in parallel through an internal connection structure. The internal connection structure can be a copper busbar, an aluminum busbar, a multi-strand copper wire, etc. The first capacitor core group and the second capacitor core group are connected in parallel through a connecting plate.

[0044] The two ends of the first and second capacitor core groups connected in parallel are respectively connected to the electrode screw 11 via leads. The electrode screw 11 can be made of aluminum alloy, copper, etc. The leads can be made of copper, aluminum, tin-plated copper, etc.

[0045] The outer side of the first capacitor core is wrapped with several layers of insulating material, such as mica paper, PMP insulating paper, and insulating tape. To improve the explosion-proof capability of the capacitor, high-strength fiber materials such as long carbon fiber cloth and aramid fiber cloth can be wrapped on the outside of the insulating material.

[0046] In this embodiment, the energy storage type capacitor further includes a housing 9 and a cover plate 10. The cover plate 10 covers the housing 9 and has electrode mounting holes for the electrode screws 11 to pass through. An insulating ring 12 is provided on the electrode mounting holes. The insulating ring 12 includes an inner insulating ring and an outer insulating ring respectively located on both sides of the cover plate 10, and the inner and outer insulating rings are connected by threads. Both the capacitor housing 9 and the cover plate 10 are made of metal, such as copper, aluminum, iron, or steel. An insulating material, such as epoxy resin, PBT, PP, or PET, is disposed inside the cover plate 10. Furthermore, the cover plate 10 also has a filling hole for filling the housing with insulating material, such as epoxy resin, polyurethane, or silicone gel resin.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] The energy storage type capacitor of this embodiment includes a first capacitor core group and a second capacitor core group. The first capacitor core group includes 180 first capacitor cores arranged in a 10×18 array. The second capacitor core group includes 153 second capacitor cores inserted into the gaps formed by four adjacent first capacitor cores. The two ends of the first and second capacitor core groups are aligned, and the capacitor cores of each capacitor core group are connected in parallel through an internal connection structure. The first and second capacitor core groups are connected in parallel through a connecting plate.

[0049] Both the first and second capacitor cores are cylindrical, with the first core having a diameter of 40 mm and the second core having a diameter of 16.5 mm. Both cores are formed by winding the same double-layer metallized film (as described above). The edges of the metallized film along the winding axis are wavy. In this embodiment, after winding the double-layer metallized film, the capacitor cores are placed in a forced-air oven for heat treatment for 8 hours at a temperature of 100°C. Then, a tin-zinc alloy is sprayed onto both ends of the capacitor cores using a thermal spraying process to bring out the internal electrodes.

[0050] The parallel capacitor cores are connected at both ends by multi-strand tin-plated round copper wire, with the electrode screws made of nickel-plated copper. The capacitor cores are wrapped with three layers of PMP insulating tape, and then placed inside the housing, where an insulating ring and cover are assembled. The electrode screws are positioned in the center of the insulating ring. The housing and cover are made of 304 stainless steel, with an epoxy resin insulating layer on the inner surface of the cover.

[0051] The energy storage capacitor prepared in this embodiment has a nominal voltage as high as 40kV and an energy storage density of 2.5J / cm³. 3 The internal core space utilization rate of the capacitor exceeds 85%, meeting the requirements of high voltage and high energy storage density for energy storage capacitors.

[0052] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. An ultracapacitor characterized by, The system includes a first capacitor core group and a second capacitor core group. The first capacitor core group and the second capacitor core group respectively include a plurality of first capacitor cores (1) and second capacitor cores (2) arranged in an array. The first capacitor core and the second capacitor core are both cylindrical. The diameter of the first capacitor core is larger than the diameter of the second capacitor core, and each second capacitor core is disposed in the gap formed by four adjacent first capacitor cores. Each capacitor core is formed by winding a double-layer metallized film, and the edge of the metallized film along the winding axis is wavy.

2. The energy reservoir type capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the diameters of the first capacitor core and the second capacitor core is:

3. The energy reservoir type capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The double-layer metallized film includes a first metallized film (3) and a second metallized film (4) stacked on the first metallized film (3). The first metallized film includes a first dielectric film (5) and a first electrode layer disposed on the first dielectric film. Along the winding axis, the first electrode layer includes three electrode regions (7) that are isolated from each other by an insulating region (6). The edges of the two electrode regions located at the ends of the first dielectric film are wavy. The second metallized film includes a second dielectric film (8) and a second electrode layer disposed on the second dielectric film. Along the winding axis, the second electrode layer includes two electrode regions (7) that are isolated from each other by an insulating region (6).

4. The energy reservoir type capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the first capacitor core and the second capacitor core are formed with end electrodes by spraying. The end electrodes have a multi-layer structure, and the material of each layer is one of aluminum, zinc, copper, tin, tin-zinc alloy, babbitt alloy, and zinc-aluminum alloy.

5. The energy reservoir type capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the first capacitor core group and the second capacitor core group are aligned, and the capacitor cores of each capacitor core group are connected in parallel through an internal connection structure. The first capacitor core group and the second capacitor core group are connected in parallel through a connecting plate.

6. The energy reservoir type capacitor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two ends of the first and second capacitor core groups connected in parallel are respectively connected to the electrode screws via leads.

7. The energy reservoir type capacitor according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a housing and a cover plate, the cover plate being disposed on the housing, and the cover plate having electrode mounting holes for the electrode screw to pass through.

8. The energy reservoir type capacitor according to claim 7, characterized in that, An insulating ring is provided on the electrode mounting hole. The insulating ring includes an inner insulating ring and an outer insulating ring respectively provided on both sides of the cover plate. The inner insulating ring and the outer insulating ring are connected by threads.

9. The energy reservoir type capacitor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cover plate is also provided with a filling hole for filling the outer shell with insulating material.

10. The energy reservoir type capacitor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The insulating material is epoxy resin, polyurethane, or silicone gel resin.

Images