An air-cooled fuel cell stack and an air-cooled fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of air-cooled fuel cell stack, and stack includes a plurality of sequentially stacked single cell, single cell includes metal bipolar plate, anode plate seal located above metal bipolar plate, membrane electrode assembly located below metal bipolar plate, metal bipolar plate is equipped with symmetric first gasket and second gasket between membrane electrode assembly;The side of first gasket towards metal bipolar plate is equipped with first sealing groove, the side of first gasket towards membrane electrode assembly is equipped with second sealing groove, and sealing element is equipped in first sealing groove and second sealing groove;So that first gasket and second gasket reach sealing between metal bipolar plate by the sealing element in first sealing groove and first sealing groove, first gasket and second gasket reach sealing between membrane electrode assembly by the sealing element in second sealing groove and second sealing groove, in turn prevent fuel agent leakage from fuel agent passage, avoid fuel agent and oxidant to intercommunicate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to an air-cooled fuel cell stack and an air-cooled fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] An air-cooled fuel cell is a power generation device that directly uses air as both a coolant and an oxidant, converting the chemical energy between the fuel and the oxidant directly into electrical energy. Compared to water-cooled fuel cells, air-cooled fuel cell stacks use air cooling, eliminating the need for a complex cooling system and simplifying the fuel cell system's control unit. This significantly reduces the weight of the fuel cell system, making it highly suitable for various lightweight devices.

[0003] In existing air-cooled fuel cell stacks, the metal bipolar plates in a single cell are located between the anode plate seal and the membrane electrode assembly. During the flow of fuel in the fuel channel, there is a possibility of fuel leakage, which can cause the fuel channel to come into contact with the anode plate seal or the membrane electrode assembly, thus allowing the fuel and oxidant to communicate with each other. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an air-cooled fuel cell stack and an air-cooled fuel cell that prevent fuel leakage and allow fuel and oxidant to communicate with each other.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is, on the one hand, the technical solution adopted is: An air-cooled fuel cell stack includes a plurality of single cells stacked sequentially. Each single cell includes a metal bipolar plate, an anode plate seal above the metal bipolar plate, and a membrane electrode assembly below the metal bipolar plate. A first gasket and a second gasket are symmetrically arranged between the metal bipolar plate and the membrane electrode assembly. A first sealing groove is provided on the side of the first gasket facing the metal bipolar plate, and a second sealing groove passes through the side of the first gasket facing the membrane electrode assembly. Both the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove are provided with seals.

[0006] In one embodiment, the side of the first pad facing the metal bipolar plate is divided into a first outer pad area and a first inner pad area by a first sealing groove, and the side of the first pad facing the membrane electrode assembly is divided into a second outer pad area and a second inner pad area by a second sealing groove.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first inner liner area is provided with a liner fuel agent channel penetrating the first liner, and the first inner liner area is provided with a liner drainage channel communicating with the liner fuel agent channel.

[0008] In one embodiment, the side of the metal bipolar plate facing the membrane electrode assembly is provided with a plurality of concave blocks perpendicular to the length direction of the metal bipolar plate; the plurality of concave blocks are located between the first pad and the second pad.

[0009] In one embodiment, the lengths of the first pad and the second pad are equal to the width of the metal bipolar plate; the thicknesses of the first pad and the second pad are both equal to the thickness of the concave block.

[0010] In one embodiment, the metal bipolar plate is provided with a metal bipolar plate fuel channel that communicates with the gasket fuel channel.

[0011] In one embodiment, the metal bipolar plate includes a cathode plate and an anode plate disposed on the cathode plate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the anode plate is provided with a first anode plate fuel agent drainage hole communicating with the liner drainage channel on the first liner and a second anode plate fuel agent drainage hole communicating with the liner drainage channel on the second liner, and an anode plate fuel agent flow channel communicating with the first anode plate fuel agent drainage hole and the second anode plate fuel agent drainage hole.

[0013] The technical problem that this utility model aims to solve, and the technical solution it adopts, is as follows: An air-cooled fuel cell includes the air-cooled fuel cell stack of any of the above embodiments.

[0014] In one embodiment, the fuel cell stack has a first current collector plate at the top and a second current collector plate at the bottom. The first current collector plate has a first end plate and the second current collector plate has a second end plate. The first end plate and the second end plate are fastened together by fasteners to fix the first current collector plate, the second current collector plate, and the fuel cell stack between the first current collector plate and the second end plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention utilizes a fuel cell stack comprising multiple stacked individual cells. Each individual cell includes a metal bipolar plate, an anode plate seal above the metal bipolar plate, and a membrane electrode assembly below the metal bipolar plate. Symmetrical first and second gaskets are provided between the metal bipolar plate and the membrane electrode assembly. A first sealing groove is provided on the side of the first gasket facing the metal bipolar plate, and a second sealing groove is provided on the side of the first gasket facing the membrane electrode assembly. Both the first and second sealing grooves contain sealing elements. Thus, the first and second gaskets are sealed to the metal bipolar plate through the first sealing groove and the sealing elements within the first sealing groove, and the first and second gaskets are sealed to the membrane electrode assembly through the sealing elements within the second sealing groove, thereby preventing fuel leakage from the fuel channel and avoiding communication between the fuel and oxidant. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the single-cell structure in the diagram; Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the front structure of the first liner in the middle; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the reverse side structure of the first liner; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the metal bipolar plate structure.

[0017] In the figure: 101. First current collector, 102. Second current collector, 103. First end plate, 104. Second end plate, 105. Fastener, 110. Single cell, 111. Metal bipolar plate, 112. Anode plate seal, 113. Membrane electrode assembly, 117. Anode plate fuel channel, 120. First gasket, 121. First sealing groove, 122. First outer gasket area, 123. First inner gasket area, 124. Second sealing groove, 125. Second outer gasket area, 126. Second inner gasket area, 128. Gasket fuel channel, 129. Gasket drainage channel, 130. Second gasket, 132. First anode plate fuel drainage hole, 140. Concave block, 141. Metal bipolar plate fuel channel. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 like Figure 1-5As shown, this embodiment includes a fuel cell stack, which includes a plurality of single cells 110 stacked sequentially. Each single cell 110 includes a metal bipolar plate 111, an anode plate seal 112, and a membrane electrode assembly 113. The anode plate seal 112 is located above the metal bipolar plate 111, and the membrane electrode assembly 113 is located below the metal bipolar plate 111.

[0020] In this embodiment, both the membrane electrode assembly 113 and the anode plate seal 112 are existing technologies; the anode plate seal 112 is an anode plate sealing ring.

[0021] A symmetrical first pad 120 and a second pad 130 are provided between the metal bipolar plate 111 and the membrane electrode assembly 113.

[0022] The first gasket 120 has a first sealing groove 121 on the side facing the metal bipolar plate 111, and a second sealing groove 124 on the side facing the membrane electrode assembly 113. Both the first sealing groove 121 and the second sealing groove 124 are provided with sealing elements.

[0023] The second gasket 130 is provided with a first sealing groove 121 on the side facing the metal bipolar plate 111, and a second sealing groove 124 on the side facing the membrane electrode assembly 113. Both the first sealing groove 121 and the second sealing groove 124 on the second gasket 130 are provided with sealing elements.

[0024] Thus, the first gasket 120 and the second gasket 130 are sealed with the metal bipolar plate 111 by the first sealing groove 121 and the sealing element in the first sealing groove 121, and the first gasket 120 and the second gasket 130 are sealed with the membrane electrode assembly 113 by the sealing element in the second sealing groove 124, thereby preventing fuel from leaking out of the fuel channel and avoiding the exchange between fuel and oxidant.

[0025] The side of the first pad 120 facing the membrane electrode assembly 113 is divided into a second outer pad area 122 and a second inner pad area 126 by the second sealing groove 124; the side of the first pad 120 facing the metal bipolar plate 111 is divided into a first outer pad area 122 and a first inner pad area 123 by the first sealing groove 121. The first inner pad area 123 is provided with a pad fuel channel 128 that penetrates the first pad 120, and the first inner pad area 123 is provided with a pad drainage channel 129 that communicates with the pad fuel channel 128. In this embodiment, the pad drainage channel 129 includes a plurality of transverse channels that communicate with the pad fuel channel 128 and a longitudinal channel that communicates with the plurality of transverse channels.

[0026] In this embodiment, neither the liner fuel channel 128 nor the liner drainage channel 129 is connected to the first sealing groove 121.

[0027] The side of the metal bipolar plate 111 facing the membrane electrode assembly 113 is provided with a plurality of concave blocks 140 perpendicular to the length direction of the metal bipolar plate 111; the plurality of concave blocks 140 are located between the first pad 120 and the second pad 130; in this embodiment, the opening direction of the concave blocks 140 is facing the membrane electrode assembly 113, and the plurality of concave blocks 140 are spaced apart.

[0028] Thus, an oxidant channel is formed between the concave block 140 and the membrane electrode assembly 113. The oxidant enters the oxidant channel through one end of the concave block 140 and is evenly distributed on the surface of the membrane electrode assembly 113 under the guidance of the concave block 140, thereby improving the reaction efficiency between the oxidant and the fuel.

[0029] In this embodiment, the lengths of the first pad 120 and the second pad 130 are equal to the width of the metal bipolar plate 111; the thicknesses of the first pad 120 and the second pad 130 are both equal to the thickness of the concave block 140.

[0030] The metal bipolar plate 111 is provided with a metal bipolar plate fuel channel 141 communicating with the liner fuel channel 128; the metal bipolar plate 111 includes a cathode plate and an anode plate disposed on the cathode plate. The anode plate is provided with a first anode plate fuel channel 132 communicating with the liner channel 129 on the first liner 120 and a second anode plate fuel channel 129 communicating with the liner channel 129 on the second liner 130, and an anode plate fuel flow channel 117 communicating with the first anode plate fuel channel 132 and the second anode plate fuel channel 129.

[0031] The fuel cell stack 100 has a first current collector plate 101 at the top and a second current collector plate 102 at the bottom. The first current collector plate 101 has a first end plate 103, and the second current collector plate 102 has a second end plate 104. The first end plate 103 and the second end plate 104 are fixed between the first current collector plate 101, the second current collector plate 102, and the fuel cell stack 100 between the first current collector plate 101 and the second current collector plate 104 by fasteners 105.

[0032] In this embodiment, both the first end plate 103 and the second end plate 104 have fuel channels communicating with the metal bipolar plate fuel channel 141. The fuel enters the first liner 120 and the second liner 130 through the metal bipolar plate fuel channel 141, and then enters the first anode plate fuel drainage hole 132 through the liner fuel channel 128 and the liner drainage channel 129 in the first liner 120 and the second liner 130, and then flows into the anode plate fuel flow channel 117, and then flows out from the second anode plate fuel drainage hole, ensuring that the fuel is evenly distributed in the reaction area of ​​the membrane electrode assembly 113, thereby improving the overall reaction efficiency and stability of the fuel cell stack 100.

[0033] Example 2 An air-cooled fuel cell, using the air-cooled fuel cell stack of Example 1.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the technical solutions of this utility model have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An air-cooled fuel cell stack, characterized by: The stack includes a plurality of single cells (110) stacked in sequence. Each single cell (110) includes a metal bipolar plate (111), an anode plate seal (112) located above the metal bipolar plate (111), and a membrane electrode assembly (113) located below the metal bipolar plate (111). A symmetrical first gasket (120) and a second gasket (130) are provided between the metal bipolar plate (111) and the membrane electrode assembly (113). The first gasket (120) has a first sealing groove (121) on the side facing the metal bipolar plate (111), and a second sealing groove (124) on the side facing the membrane electrode assembly (113). Both the first sealing groove (121) and the second sealing groove (124) are provided with sealing elements.

2. The air-cooled fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized by: The side of the first pad (120) facing the metal bipolar plate (111) is divided into a first outer pad area (122) and a first inner pad area (123) through a first sealing groove (121). The side of the first pad (120) facing the membrane electrode assembly (113) is divided into a second outer pad area (125) and a second inner pad area (126) through a second sealing groove (124).

3. The air-cooled fuel cell stack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first inner liner area (123) is provided with a liner fuel agent channel (128) that penetrates the first liner (120), and the first inner liner area (123) is provided with a liner drainage channel (129) that communicates with the liner fuel agent channel (128).

4. The air-cooled fuel cell stack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The metal bipolar plate (111) has a plurality of concave blocks (140) on the side facing the membrane electrode assembly (113) that are perpendicular to the length direction of the metal bipolar plate (111); the plurality of concave blocks (140) are located between the first pad (120) and the second pad (130).

5. The air-cooled fuel cell stack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lengths of the first pad (120) and the second pad (130) are equal to the width of the metal bipolar plate (111); the thicknesses of the first pad (120) and the second pad (130) are both equal to the thickness of the concave block (140).

6. The air-cooled fuel cell stack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal bipolar plate (111) is provided with a metal bipolar plate fuel channel (141) that communicates with the liner fuel channel (128).

7. The air-cooled fuel cell stack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metal bipolar plate (111) includes a cathode plate and an anode plate disposed on the cathode plate.

8. The air-cooled fuel cell stack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The anode plate is provided with a first anode plate fuel agent drainage hole (132) communicating with the pad drainage channel (129) on the first pad (120) and a second anode plate fuel agent drainage hole communicating with the pad drainage channel (129) on the second pad (130), and an anode plate fuel agent flow channel (117) communicating with the first anode plate fuel agent drainage hole (132) and the second anode plate fuel agent drainage hole.

9. The air-cooled fuel cell stack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fuel cell stack (100) has a first current collector plate (101) at the top and a second current collector plate (102) at the bottom. The first current collector plate (101) has a first end plate (103), and the second current collector plate (102) has a second end plate (104). The first end plate (103) and the second end plate (104) are fixed between the first end plate (103) and the second end plate (104) by fasteners (105).

10. An air-cooled fuel cell, characterized in that: Includes the air-cooled fuel cell stack as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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