An electronic water pump controller circuit for a vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of vehicle electronic water pump controller circuit scheme, including B+ end and B-end, the B+ end connects battery anode for power supply to system control circuit, the B-end connects battery cathode, there is capacitor C3 between the B+ end and B-end, the anode of diode D1 is connected on the B+ end, the cathode of diode D1 is connected with capacitor C5 and the collector of triode T1, there is resistance R8 between the collector and base of triode T1, circuit structure is simple, total cost is low.Pressure resistance is high, performance is reliable, with anti-reverse connection function, overcurrent protection and overvoltage protection function.There are two terminals of B+ end and B-end, without other special signal input, just need to turn on power supply to work.The present application is designed with voltage stabilizing circuit and overcurrent overvoltage protection circuit inside, is little by power supply voltage fluctuation System versatility is strong.This scheme is applicable on 12V battery system and 24V battery system, and application vehicle type is wider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic water pump technology, specifically to a circuit for an electronic water pump controller for vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] The function of a car's water pump is to pressurize the coolant, ensuring its circulation within the cooling system. This continuous circulation removes heat and prevents the engine from overheating. Electronic water pumps utilize electronic control technology to circulate the coolant and maintain the engine's normal operating temperature. Traditional mechanical water pumps are driven by a belt connected to the engine. Electronic water pumps eliminate the need for a belt drive, avoiding the limitations of belt lifespan and transmission losses, thus increasing the pump's lifespan. The role of automotive electronic water pumps is crucial, effectively improving engine efficiency, reducing fuel consumption, and enhancing vehicle economy and environmental friendliness. The application of electronic water pumps is increasingly widespread; hybrid and new energy vehicles are now beginning to use them.

[0003] Current problems with existing electronic water pumps:

[0004] 1. Existing electronic water pump controllers typically use chips (microcontrollers or dedicated chips) as the main controller. Various protection functions are implemented through microcontrollers and dedicated chips, and peripheral circuits are also required, making the overall price relatively expensive.

[0005] 2. Most existing electronic water pump controllers have a PWM input terminal, which requires the vehicle ECU to provide a specific signal input to the PWM terminal of the water pump controller to control the speed of the water pump.

[0006] 3. Existing electronic water pumps have very high requirements for power supply stability, and the electronic components of the controller are greatly affected by power supply voltage fluctuations.

[0007] 4. The existing electronic water pump system is not very applicable. The components used in the 12V system and the 24V system are different, and the microcontroller program also needs to be redesigned.

[0008] Therefore, a circuit scheme for an electronic water pump controller for vehicles is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a circuit scheme for an electronic water pump controller for vehicles, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a vehicle electronic water pump controller circuit, including a B+ terminal and a B- terminal. The B+ terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the battery to supply power to the system control circuit, and the B- terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. A capacitor C3 is connected between the B+ terminal and the B- terminal. The positive terminal of a diode D1 is connected to the B+ terminal. The negative terminal of the diode D1 is connected to a capacitor C5 and the collector of a transistor T1. The collector and base of the transistor T1 are connected... A resistor R8 is connected to the base of transistor T1, which is connected to capacitor C7 and Zener transistor Z1 respectively. The other ends of capacitor C7 and Zener transistor Z1 are grounded. The emitter of transistor T1 is connected to one end of resistor R3, and the other end of resistor R3 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q1. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the B- terminal, and the source is grounded. The emitter of transistor T1 is connected to resistors R14 and R15 and is connected to pin 9 of comparator LM2901.

[0011] Preferably, the emitter of the transistor T1 is also connected to a capacitor C4 and a resistor R1. The other end of the capacitor C4 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to pin 1 of the Hall element HALL. A capacitor C1 is connected between pins 1 and 2 of the Hall element HALL, and pin 3 of the Hall element HALL is connected to pin 4 of the comparator LM2901.

[0012] Preferably, the negative terminal of diode D1 is also connected to capacitor C12, the negative terminal of Zener diode Z2 is connected to capacitor C12, the positive terminal of Zener diode Z2 is connected to resistors R19 and R20, resistor R20 is grounded, the other end of resistor R19 is connected to the base of transistor T5, capacitor C11 is connected between the base and emitter of transistor T5 and grounded, the collector of transistor T5 is connected to resistor R11, and resistor R11 is connected to the emitter of transistor T1.

[0013] Preferably: the collector of transistor T5 is connected to the base of transistor T4; the collector of transistor T4 is connected to resistors R10 and R13 and the base of transistor T2; a resistor R16 is connected between the emitter of transistor T4 and the collector of transistor T2; the base of transistor T2 is connected to pin 13 of comparator LM2901 through resistor R13; the emitter of transistor T2 is grounded; the collector of transistor T2 is connected to resistor R17; one end of resistor R17 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q2; the gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to capacitor C10 and grounded; the drain of MOSFET Q2 is connected to motor stator coil 1; and the source of MOSFET Q2 is grounded.

[0014] Preferably: the emitter of transistor T1 is connected to resistors R9 and R12 and is connected to the base of transistor T3; the collector of transistor T3 is connected to resistor R21 and is connected to the emitter of transistor T4; the emitter of transistor T3 is grounded; the collector of transistor T3 is also connected to resistor R18; the other end of resistor R18 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q3; the source of MOSFET Q3 is grounded; the drain of MOSFET Q3 is connected to the stator coil 2 of the motor; and the gate of MOSFET Q3 is also connected to capacitor C9 and is grounded.

[0015] Preferably, pin 3 of the comparator LM2901 is connected to the emitter of transistor T1, and pin 5 of the comparator LM2901 is connected to resistor R7 and grounded.

[0016] Preferably, a resistor R5 is connected between pin 8 and pin 2 of the comparator LM2901, and a capacitor C6 is connected to pin 8 of the comparator LM2901 and grounded.

[0017] Preferably, a capacitor C8 is connected to pin 9 of the comparator LM2901 and grounded, a resistor R2 is connected to pin 10 of the comparator LM2901, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to pin 3 of the Hall element HALL.

[0018] Preferably, pins 11 and 9 of the comparator LM2901 are connected, pin 12 of the comparator LM2901 is grounded, pin 13 of the comparator LM2901 is connected to one end of resistor R4, the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the base of transistor T2 through resistor R13, and pin 14 of the comparator LM2901 is connected to the base of transistor T3 through resistor R12.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] 1. The circuit structure is simple and the overall cost is low. It has high withstand voltage, reliable performance, and features reverse connection protection, overcurrent protection, and overvoltage protection.

[0021] 2. It only has two terminals, B+ and B-, and does not require any other special signal input. It can work simply by connecting the power supply.

[0022] 3. The present invention has internal voltage stabilization circuit and overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuit, and is less affected by power supply voltage fluctuations.

[0023] 4. Strong system versatility. This solution is applicable to both 12V and 24V battery systems, making it suitable for a wider range of vehicle models. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is the circuit diagram of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a technical solution: the specific parameters or models of the electronic components in this application are as follows Figure 1 As shown. This system circuit has two external terminals: B+ and B-. The B+ terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the battery and is used to power the system control circuit. The B- terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. Capacitor C3 is connected between the B+ and B- terminals. The B+ terminal is connected to the collector of transistor T1 through diode D1. One end of capacitor C5 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D1, and the other end is connected to GND. Resistor R8 is connected between the collector and base of transistor T1. Capacitor C7 is connected between the base of transistor T1 and GND. The base of transistor T1 is connected to GND through Zener diode Z1, and the emitter is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q1 through resistor R3. The emitter of transistor T1 is connected to pin 9 of comparator LM2901 after voltage division by resistors R14 and R15. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the B- terminal, and the source is connected to GND. Capacitor C4 is connected between the emitter of transistor T1 and GND. The Hall effect sensor's VSUP terminal is connected to the emitter of transistor T1 via resistor R1. Capacitor C1 is connected between the Hall effect sensor's VSUP terminal and GND. The Hall effect sensor's VOUT terminal is connected to pin 4 of comparator LM2901. One end of capacitor C12 is connected to the cathode of diode D1, and the other end is connected to GND. The cathode of Zener transistor Z2 is connected to C12, and its anode is grounded via resistor R20. One end of resistor R19 is connected to the anode of Zener transistor Z2, and the other end is connected to the base of transistor T5. Capacitor C11 is connected between the base of transistor T5 and GND. The collector of transistor T5 is connected to the emitter of transistor T1 via resistor R11.

[0027] The base of transistor T4 is connected to the collector of transistor T5. The collector of T4 is connected to the base of transistor T2 through resistors R10 and R13. The emitter of T4 is connected to the collector of transistor T2 through resistor R16. The base of transistor T2 is connected to pin 13 of comparator LM2901 through resistor R13, the emitter is connected to GND, and the collector is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q2 through resistor R17. The base of transistor T3 is connected to the emitter of transistor T1 through resistors R12 and R9. The collector is connected to the emitter of transistor T4 through resistor R21, and the emitter of T3 is connected to GND. The gate of MOSFET Q2 is grounded through capacitor C10, the drain is connected to motor stator coil 1, and the source is connected to GND. The gate of MOSFET Q3 is connected to the collector of transistor T3 through resistor R18, the source is grounded, and the drain is connected to motor stator coil 2. Capacitor C9 is connected between the gate of MOSFET Q3 and GND, and motor stator coil 1 and motor stator coil 2 are connected to the B+ terminal.

[0028] Pin 3 of the integrated comparator LM2901 is connected to the emitter of transistor T1. Pin 5 is connected to GND through resistor R7. Pin 8 is connected to pin 2 of LM2901 through resistor R5. Pin 8 is also connected to GND through capacitor C6. Pin 9 is connected to GND through capacitor C8. Pin 10 of the integrated comparator LM2901 is connected to the VOUT terminal of the Hall effect sensor through resistor R2. Pin 11 of LM2901 is connected to pin 9. Pin 12 of LM2901 is connected to GND. Pin 13 is connected to the base of transistor T2 through resistors R4 and R13. Pin 14 of LM2901 is connected to the base of transistor T3 through resistor R12.

[0029] The system's B+ and B- terminals are connected between the positive and negative terminals of the battery to supply power to the system's control circuit.

[0030] Capacitor C3 is used for power supply filtering at the B+ input terminal. Diode D1 is used to prevent reverse connection of the system power supply. Capacitors C5 and C12 are used for further filtering of the power supply. Resistor R8 and capacitor C7 are used for transistor base current limiting and filtering.

[0031] Resistor R8, capacitor C7, Zener diode Z1, and transistor T1 constitute a voltage regulator circuit. Zener diode Z1 is used to clamp the base voltage of transistor T1, thus clamping the emitter output voltage of the transistor to a certain value, which can keep the voltage of the subsequent circuit stable and less affected by voltage fluctuations at the B+ terminal.

[0032] Resistor R3 and MOSFET Q1 constitute a reverse connection protection circuit. When the system power supply is connected correctly (positive and negative terminals), MOSFET Q1 conducts normally, and the system power supply is normal. When the system power supply is reversed, MOSFET Q1 does not conduct, and the system power supply is turned off, thus achieving reverse connection protection.

[0033] The emitter output voltage of transistor T1 supplies power to the Hall effect sensor through resistor R1. Capacitor C1 is used for power supply filtering of the Hall effect sensor. The output of the Hall effect sensor (HALL) can switch between high and low levels according to the change in the magnetic field of the motor rotor. The high-level voltage is the emitter output voltage of transistor T1, and the low-level voltage is 0V.

[0034] Working principle:

[0035] When the output voltage VOUT of the Hall effect sensor AH502 is high, pin 4 of the integrated comparator LM2901 is high. The emitter voltage of transistor T1 is divided by resistors R9, R6, and R7 and then input to pin 5 of comparator LM2901. Because the voltage at the non-inverting input of pin 5 after voltage division is less than the voltage at the inverting input of pin 4, pin 2 of comparator LM2901 outputs a low level. The low level output at pin 2 causes the inverting input of pin 8 of comparator LM2901 to be low. The emitter voltage of transistor T1 is divided by resistors R14 and R15 and then input to the non-inverting input of comparator LM2901. At this time, the voltage at the non-inverting input of pin 9 is greater than the voltage at the inverting input of pin 8, so pin 14 of comparator outputs a high level. The voltage output from the emitter of transistor T1 turns on transistor T3 through resistors R9 and R12, and the gate voltage of MOSFET Q3 is pulled low by T3, turning it off. Thus, the stator coil 2 of the water pump connected to the drain of MOSFET Q3 is turned off. The high-level output of Hall effect sensor AH502 is input to the inverting input (pin 10) of comparator LM2901 through resistor R2. The emitter output voltage of transistor T1 is divided by resistors R14 and R15 and input to the non-inverting input (pin 11) of comparator LM2901. Because the voltage divided at pin 11 is less than the high-level voltage at the inverting input (pin 10), the comparator outputs a low level at pin 13, pulling the base of transistor T2 low and turning it off. The voltage output of transistor T1 turns on MOSFET Q2 through transistor T4 and resistors R16 and R17, turning on the stator coil 1 of the water pump connected to the drain of Q2.

[0036] When the output voltage VOUT of the Hall effect sensor AH502 is low, pin 4 of the integrated comparator LM2901 is input at a low level. The emitter output voltage of transistor T1 is divided by resistors R9, R6, and R7 and then input to pin 5 of the comparator LM2901. Because the voltage at the non-inverting input of pin 5 after voltage division is higher than the voltage at the inverting input of pin 4, pin 2 of the comparator LM2901 outputs a high level. This high level is then output to pin 8 of the LM2901 through resistor R5. The emitter output voltage of transistor T1 is divided by resistors R14 and R15 and then input to the non-inverting input of the comparator LM2901. Because the voltage at pin 9 is lower than the high level voltage at pin 8, pin 14 of the comparator outputs a low level. The low level output at pin 14 of the comparator pulls down the base voltage of transistor T3, causing T3 to turn off. The voltage output from transistor T1, after passing through transistor T4 and resistors R21 and R18, turns on MOSFET Q3. The stator coil 2 of the water pump, connected to the drain of Q3, is then turned on. The low-level Hall effect output is input to pin 10 (inverting input) of comparator LM2901 through resistor R2. The emitter voltage of transistor T1, after being divided by resistors R14 and R15, is input to pin 11 (non-inverting input) of comparator LM2901. Because the voltage divided at pin 11 is greater than the low-level voltage at pin 10, pin 13 of the comparator outputs a high level. Transistor T2 is turned on, and MOSFET Q2 is turned off due to its gate voltage being pulled low. The stator coil 1 of the water pump, connected to the drain of MOSFET Q2, is then turned off.

[0037] In this design, MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are Infineon BTS3046SDL. These MOSFETs have built-in overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, and overtemperature protection, preventing damage in case of overcurrent or other abnormal conditions in the water pump stator coil.

[0038] The Zener diode Z2, resistors R19 and R20, capacitor C11, and transistor T5 constitute an overvoltage protection circuit. For 12V system applications, the Zener diode Z2 in this design has a regulated voltage of 18V. When the system input voltage is normal (9~16V), Zener diode Z2 does not conduct, and the overvoltage protection circuit does not operate. When the system input voltage exceeds a certain value (around 20V), Zener diode Z2 and transistor T5 conduct. The base voltage of transistor T4 is pulled low, and T4 turns off. The gate voltage control circuits of subsequent MOSFETs Q2 and Q3 are also turned off, thus providing overvoltage shutdown protection. For 24V system applications, simply replace the appropriate Zener diode Z2 and adjust it to the required overvoltage shutdown voltage value.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A circuit for an automotive electronic water pump controller, comprising a B+ terminal and a B- terminal, wherein the B+ terminal is connected to the positive terminal of a battery for supplying power to the system control circuit, and the B- terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, characterized in that: A capacitor C3 is connected between the B+ and B- terminals. The positive terminal of diode D1 is connected to the B+ terminal. The negative terminal of diode D1 is connected to capacitor C5 and the collector of transistor T1. A resistor R8 is connected between the collector and base of transistor T1. The base of transistor T1 is connected to capacitor C7 and Zener transistor Z1. The other ends of capacitor C7 and Zener transistor Z1 are grounded. The emitter of transistor T1 is connected to one end of resistor R3. The other end of resistor R3 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q1. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the B- terminal, and the source is grounded. The emitter of transistor T1 is connected to resistors R14 and R15 and is connected to pin 9 of comparator LM2901.

2. The vehicle electronic water pump controller circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emitter of transistor T1 is also connected to capacitor C4 and resistor R1. The other end of capacitor C4 is grounded, and the other end of resistor R1 is connected to pin 1 of Hall effect sensor HALL. Capacitor C1 is connected between pins 1 and 2 of Hall effect sensor HALL. Pin 3 of Hall effect sensor HALL is connected to pin 4 of comparator LM2901.

3. The vehicle electronic water pump controller circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative terminal of diode D1 is also connected to capacitor C12, and the negative terminal of Zener diode Z2 is connected to capacitor C12. The positive terminal of Zener diode Z2 is connected to resistors R19 and R20. Resistor R20 is grounded. The other end of resistor R19 is connected to the base of transistor T5. A capacitor C11 is connected between the base and emitter of transistor T5 and grounded. The collector of transistor T5 is connected to resistor R11, and resistor R11 is connected to the emitter of transistor T1.

4. The vehicle electronic water pump controller circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collector of transistor T5 is connected to the base of transistor T4. The collector of transistor T4 is connected to resistors R10 and R13 and the base of transistor T2. Resistor R16 is connected between the emitter of transistor T4 and the collector of transistor T2. The base of transistor T2 is connected to pin 13 of comparator LM2901 through resistor R13. The emitter of transistor T2 is grounded. Resistor R17 is connected to the collector of transistor T2. One end of resistor R17 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q2. The gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to capacitor C10 and grounded. The drain of MOSFET Q2 is connected to motor stator coil 1. The source of MOSFET Q2 is grounded.

5. The vehicle electronic water pump controller circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emitter of transistor T1 is connected to resistors R9 and R12 and is also connected to the base of transistor T3. The collector of transistor T3 is connected to resistor R21 and is also connected to the emitter of transistor T4. The emitter of transistor T3 is grounded. The collector of transistor T3 is also connected to resistor R18. The other end of resistor R18 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q3. The source of MOSFET Q3 is grounded. The drain of MOSFET Q3 is connected to the stator coil 2 of the motor. The gate of MOSFET Q3 is also connected to capacitor C9 and is grounded.

6. The vehicle electronic water pump controller circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third pin of the comparator LM2901 is connected to the emitter of the transistor T1, and the fifth pin of the comparator LM2901 is connected to a resistor R7 and grounded.

7. The vehicle electronic water pump controller circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A resistor R5 is connected between pin 8 and pin 2 of the comparator LM2901, and a capacitor C6 is connected to pin 8 of the comparator LM2901 and grounded.

8. The vehicle electronic water pump controller circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comparator LM2901 has a capacitor C8 connected to its 9th pin and grounded, and a resistor R2 connected to its 10th pin. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the 3rd pin of the Hall effect sensor HALL.

9. The vehicle electronic water pump controller circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pins 11 and 9 of the comparator LM2901 are connected, pin 12 of the comparator LM2901 is grounded, pin 13 of the comparator LM2901 is connected to one end of resistor R4, the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the base of transistor T2 through resistor R13, and pin 14 of the comparator LM2901 is connected to the base of transistor T3 through resistor R12.

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