Battery powered circuit in a strong vibration environment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of battery energy supply circuit under strong vibration environment, it is related to energy supply circuit field. Including vibration detection circuit, frequency matching circuit, impact detection circuit, energy supply module and load. Vibration detection circuit contains I EPE vibration sensor and frequency hierarchical detection part, can collect vibration information and hierarchical output S1-S4 signal;Frequency matching circuit voltage dividing electric sheet array and coil vibration transducer two ways, according to S1-S4 switch resonant circuit, energy is stored to super capacitor by rectifier bridge;Impact detection circuit uses SW-18020P switch, cut off battery power supply when impact, by super capacitor energy supply. The circuit can efficiently recover vibration energy, dynamically match frequency, protect battery and load, suitable for strong vibration scene such as industry, traffic, aerospace etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power supply circuits, and in particular to battery power supply circuits in strong vibration environments. Background Technology

[0002] In many fields such as industrial production, transportation, and aerospace, equipment often needs to operate in environments with strong vibrations, such as the vibrations of construction machinery, rail vehicles, and high-frequency vibrations of aircraft engines. These environments place extremely high demands on the power supply systems of such equipment. Traditional battery-powered circuits have significant shortcomings in this context, exhibiting low energy harvesting efficiency, poor energy frequency adaptability, and unstable vibration energy conversion. The vibration frequencies vary significantly across different application scenarios; for example, the vibration frequency of construction machinery is mostly between 50-200Hz, while that of aircraft engines can reach over 1000Hz. Even when traditional power supply circuits incorporate vibration energy harvesting modules, they often employ a fixed resonant frequency design, unable to dynamically adjust to the actual vibration frequency. Furthermore, they lack sufficient shock protection, making batteries and loads susceptible to damage. Strong vibration environments are often accompanied by instantaneous impacts, and traditional power supply circuits lack effective impact detection and response mechanisms. These instantaneous impacts can generate voltage fluctuations, which, if directly transmitted to the load, can easily cause the load circuitry to burn out or data loss, severely impacting equipment reliability. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a battery power supply circuit that provides stable power supply and high safety in a strong vibration environment.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] The key to a battery power supply circuit under strong vibration is that the circuit includes a vibration detection circuit, a frequency matching circuit, an impact detection circuit, a power supply module, and a load.

[0006] The vibration detection circuit includes a vibration acquisition section and a frequency classification detection section. The vibration acquisition section detects the vibration frequency through a piezoelectric element and then connects to a frequency matching circuit through the frequency classification detection section. The frequency matching circuit is connected to a power supply module, and the power supply module is connected to a load through an impact detection circuit.

[0007] The power supply module includes a supercapacitor (CSC) and a battery module.

[0008] Preferably, the vibration acquisition section uses an IEPE vibration sensor, including a piezoelectric element U1, a comparator U2, and a comparator U6. Vibration information is acquired through U1. A capacitor C1 is connected in parallel across the two ends of U1, and then connected to the non-inverting input and inverting input of U2, respectively. A resistor R1 and a capacitor C2 are connected in parallel between the inverting input and the output of U2. The output of U2 is connected to the inverting output of U6. The output of U6 is connected to the non-inverting input of U6 through a resistor R9. The non-inverting input of U6 is grounded. The output of U6 serves as the output of the vibration acquisition section.

[0009] Preferably, the frequency classification detection section includes a crystal oscillator X1, chips U5, U8, and U4; U5 uses a 74HC221 oscillator; U8 uses a 74HC4040 counter; U4 uses a 74HC1238 decoder; the output of U6 is connected to the Clock pin of U8; the Reset pin of U8 is connected to the 1Q# pin of U5, the 1B pin of U5 is connected to the OUT pin of X1, the 1REXT pin of U5 is connected to the power supply VCC through R5, and the 1CEXT pin of U5 is grounded through C5; the VDD pin of X1 is connected to the power supply VDD through a voltage divider network; the Q7 pin of U8 is connected to the A0 pin of U4; the Q8 pin of U8 is connected to the A1 pin of U4; and the Q9 pin of U8 is connected to the A2 pin of U4.

[0010] The Y#1 pin of U4 is used as the S1 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit; the Y#2 pin of U4 is used as the S2 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit; the Y#3 pin of U4 is used as the S3 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit; the Y#4, Y#5, Y#6 and Y#7 pins of U4 are interconnected and used as the S4 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit.

[0011] The VCC pins of U4, U5, and U8 are connected to the power supply VCC, and the ground pins are grounded.

[0012] Preferably, the frequency matching circuit includes a piezoelectric array frequency matching circuit and a coil vibration transducer frequency matching circuit;

[0013] The frequency matching circuit of the coil vibration transducer includes coil vibration transducer Y2, rectifier bridge D2, PMOS transistors Q3 and Q4, inductors L3 and L4, and capacitor C3.

[0014] Port 1 of Y2 is connected to L3 and L4 respectively. The other end of L3 is connected to the source of Q4, and the gate of Q4 is connected to the S1 output of the frequency graded detection section. The other end of L4 is connected to the source of Q3, and the gate of Q3 is connected to the S2 output of the frequency graded detection section. The drains of Q3 and Q4 are connected to C3. The other end of C3 is connected to port 2 of Y1. Ports 1 and 2 of Y2 are connected to the two AC input terminals of D2 respectively. The AC+ output terminal of D2 is connected to the supercapacitor CSC. The AC- output terminal of D2 is grounded.

[0015] The piezoelectric array frequency matching circuit includes a piezoelectric array Y1, a rectifier bridge D1, PMOS transistors Q1 and Q2, and inductors L1 and L2.

[0016] Ports 2 of Y1 are connected to L1 and L2 respectively. The other end of L1 is connected to the source of Q1, and the gate of Q1 is connected to the S3 output of the frequency graded detection section. The other end of L2 is connected to the source of Q2, and the gate of Q2 is connected to the S4 output of the frequency graded detection section. The drains of Q1 and Q2 are grounded. Ports 1 and 2 of Y2 are connected to the two AC input terminals of D1 respectively. The AC+ output terminal of D1 is connected to the supercapacitor CSC. The AC- output terminal of D1 is grounded.

[0017] Preferably, the impact detection circuit includes an impact switch SW1 and a transistor Q5;

[0018] The emitter of Q5 is grounded, and the collector is connected to the battery module and the load in the power supply module respectively; the collector of Q5 is connected to one end of SW1 and the load respectively; the other end of SW1 is connected to the supercapacitor CSC; SW1 adopts SW-18020P impact sensing switch.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows:

[0020] This invention utilizes the coordinated operation of a vibration detection circuit and a frequency matching circuit to efficiently collect mechanical energy from strong vibration environments and convert it into electrical energy. The frequency classification detection section divides the vibration frequency into multiple arithmetic intervals and outputs control signals S1-S4. The frequency matching circuit, based on the control signals, switches between resonant circuits composed of different inductors and capacitors via a PMOS transistor, ensuring that the resonant frequency always matches the actual vibration frequency. The coil vibration transducer is adapted to low-frequency vibration, while the piezoelectric array is adapted to high-frequency vibration. Both paths are rectified and stored in a supercapacitor, effectively avoiding power instability caused by frequency mismatch.

[0021] This invention employs an impact detection circuit for rapid response to instantaneous impacts: upon detection of an impact, the battery module is temporarily grounded and power supply is stopped, while the supercapacitor directly powers the load. This design prevents damage to the battery's internal structure from impacts, extending battery life; simultaneously, the stable output of the supercapacitor isolates voltage fluctuations caused by impacts, protecting precision loads from damage and reducing the failure rate of equipment in high-vibration and impact scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery power supply circuit under strong vibration environment proposed in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the vibration detection circuit proposed in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the frequency matching circuit proposed in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the impact detection circuit proposed in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0028] like Figure 1 A battery power supply circuit for use in environments with strong vibrations, including a vibration detection circuit, a frequency matching circuit, an impact detection circuit, a power supply module, and a load;

[0029] The vibration detection circuit includes a vibration acquisition section and a frequency classification detection section. The vibration acquisition section collects vibration information and detects the vibration frequency using a piezoelectric element. The frequency classification detection section then connects to a frequency matching circuit, classifying the vibration frequency to match different resonant frequency circuits and improve subsequent energy harvesting efficiency. The frequency matching circuit includes resonant circuits with multiple resonant frequencies. This circuit connects to a power supply module, which in turn connects to a load via an impact detection circuit. The frequency matching circuit supplies power to the power supply module, which in turn supplies power to the load.

[0030] The power supply module includes a supercapacitor (CSC) and a battery module. The supercapacitor is responsible for storing energy during vibration and supplying power to the load when it encounters an impact.

[0031] like Figure 2 The vibration acquisition section uses an IEPE vibration sensor, which includes a piezoelectric element U1, a comparator U2, and a comparator U6. Vibration information is acquired through U1. A capacitor C1 is connected in parallel across the two ends of U1, and then connected to the non-inverting input and inverting input of U2, respectively. A resistor R1 and a capacitor C2 are connected in parallel between the inverting input and the output of U2. The output of U2 is connected to the inverting output of U6. The output of U6 is connected to the non-inverting input of U6 through a resistor R9. The non-inverting input of U6 is grounded. The output of U6 serves as the output of the vibration acquisition section.

[0032] The IEPE vibration sensor includes a piezoelectric element and a charge amplifier. The output charge of U1 is amplified by U2, and U6 uses a Schmitt trigger connection to shape the output of the IEPE vibration sensor.

[0033] The frequency classification detection section includes crystal oscillator X1, chips U5, U8, and U4; U5 uses a 74HC221 oscillator; U8 uses a 74HC4040 counter; U4 uses a 74HC1238 decoder; the output of U6 is connected to the Clock pin of U8; the Reset pin of U8 is connected to the 1Q# pin of U5; the 1B pin of U5 is connected to the OUT pin of X1; the 1REXT pin of U5 is connected to the power supply VCC through R5; the 1CEXT pin of U5 is grounded through C5; the VDD pin of X1 is connected to the power supply VDD through a voltage divider network; the Q7 pin of U8 is connected to the A0 pin of U4; the Q8 pin of U8 is connected to the A1 pin of U4; and the Q9 pin of U8 is connected to the A2 pin of U4.

[0034] U8 acts as a counter. Its clock pin receives the output of the Schmitt trigger and performs the counting. Its Reset pin receives the output of the resonator U5 and controls the counting period of U8. U5 obtains the input signal through crystal X1 connected to 1B and controls the width of the output pulse through 1REXT and 1CEXT.

[0035] In this embodiment, a 25MHz crystal oscillator is used as input 1B or 1A. R5 and C5 are combined through calculation. The pulse length can be obtained by multiplying the product of the resistor and capacitor by 0.7. Here, a 1ms pulse width is selected for convenience of subsequent calculation. The output signal is through the 1Q# terminal to control the 1ms counting cycle of U8.

[0036] Information is output from the high-order bits of U8 and then sent to the receiving bits of decoder U4 to output different counts in stages.

[0037] In this embodiment, after counting for a 1ms counting period, the data of Q7, Q8, and Q9 are output, which can realize arithmetic intervals with a difference of 128Hz, such as below 128Hz and 128Hz-256Hz. U8 can obtain different counting intervals through frequency division and cascading; at the same time, the decoding output of U4 obtains different levels through high-level outputs of different pins. By detecting the level of Y#1, 128Hz-256Hz is detected, and Y#2 and Y#3 respectively respond to arithmetic intervals with a difference of 128Hz; the higher-order pins above Y#4 are connected in series as a unified output. Different graded frequency outputs can be obtained by controlling the graded outputs of U4 and U8.

[0038] The Y#1 pin of U4 is used as the S1 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit; the Y#2 pin of U4 is used as the S2 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit; the Y#3 pin of U4 is used as the S3 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit; the Y#4, Y#5, Y#6 and Y#7 pins of U4 are interconnected and used as the S4 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit; the RC circuit is responsible for delay control to prevent the control logic of the circuit from becoming disordered.

[0039] The VCC pins of U4, U5, and U8 are connected to the power supply VCC, and the ground pins are grounded.

[0040] like Figure 3 The frequency matching circuit includes a piezoelectric array frequency matching circuit and a coil vibration transducer frequency matching circuit;

[0041] The frequency matching circuit for the coil resonator transducer includes the coil resonator transducer Y2, the rectifier bridge D2, the PMOS transistors Q3 and Q4, the inductors L3 and L4, and the capacitor C3;

[0042] Port 1 of Y2 is connected to L3 and L4 respectively. The other end of L3 is connected to the source of Q4, and the gate of Q4 is connected to the S1 output of the frequency graded detection section. The other end of L4 is connected to the source of Q3, and the gate of Q3 is connected to the S2 output of the frequency graded detection section. The drains of Q3 and Q4 are connected to C3. The other end of C3 is connected to port 2 of Y1. Ports 1 and 2 of Y2 are connected to the two AC input terminals of D2 respectively. The AC+ output terminal of D2 is connected to the supercapacitor CSC. The AC- output terminal of D2 is grounded. The coil vibration transducer is adapted to low-frequency vibration, so it outputs S1 and S2 corresponding to the frequency graded output. The two low-frequency signals are controlled by the switching of the PMOS tube to select the two series resonant circuits, and the output voltage is rectified by D2. After rectification, the output is sent to the supercapacitor for energy storage.

[0043] In practice, the values ​​of L3, L4, and C3 are determined by the center frequency of the corresponding frequency range to achieve wideband resonance.

[0044] The piezoelectric array frequency matching circuit includes a piezoelectric array Y1, a rectifier bridge D1, PMOS transistors Q1 and Q2, and inductors L1 and L2.

[0045] Ports 2 of Y1 are connected to L1 and L2 respectively. The other end of L1 is connected to the source of Q1, and the gate of Q1 is connected to the S3 output of the frequency-graded detection section. The other end of L2 is connected to the source of Q2, and the gate of Q2 is connected to the S4 output of the frequency-graded detection section. The drains of Q1 and Q2 are grounded. Ports 1 and 2 of Y2 are connected to the two AC input terminals of D1 respectively. The AC+ output terminal of D1 is connected to the supercapacitor CSC. The AC- output terminal of D1 is grounded. The piezoelectric array is adapted to high-frequency vibration, so it outputs S3 and S4 at corresponding frequency grades. The selection of two parallel resonant circuits is controlled by the switching of the PMOS transistor, and the output voltage is rectified by D1 and then output to the supercapacitor for energy storage.

[0046] In practice, the values ​​of L1 and L2 are determined by the center frequency of the corresponding frequency range and the equivalent capacitance inside the piezoelectric element, thus achieving wideband resonance.

[0047] like Figure 4 The impact detection circuit includes an impact switch SW1 and a transistor Q5; the emitter of Q5 is grounded, and the collector is connected to the battery module and the load in the power supply module respectively; the collector of Q5 is connected to one end of SW1 and the load respectively; the other end of SW1 is connected to the supercapacitor CSC; SW1 adopts an SW-18020P impact sensing switch.

[0048] The impact detection circuit senses external impacts through SW1. When an impact occurs, SW1 is turned on, Q5 is activated, the battery output is grounded, and power supply to the load is stopped. The load is then powered by the supercapacitor CSC.

[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery power supply circuit for use under strong vibration environments, characterized in that, The circuit includes a vibration detection circuit, a frequency matching circuit, an impact detection circuit, a power supply module, and a load. The vibration detection circuit includes a vibration acquisition section and a frequency classification detection section. The vibration acquisition section detects the vibration frequency through a piezoelectric element and then connects to a frequency matching circuit through the frequency classification detection section. The frequency matching circuit is connected to a power supply module, and the power supply module is connected to a load through an impact detection circuit. The power supply module includes a supercapacitor (CSC) and a battery module.

2. The battery power supply circuit under strong vibration environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration acquisition section uses an IEPE vibration sensor, which includes a piezoelectric element U1, a comparator U2, and a comparator U6. Vibration information is acquired through U1. A capacitor C1 is connected in parallel across the two ends of U1, and then connected to the non-inverting input and inverting input of U2, respectively. A resistor R1 and a capacitor C2 are connected in parallel between the inverting input and the output of U2. The output of U2 is connected to the inverting output of U6. The output of U6 is connected to the non-inverting input of U6 through a resistor R9. The non-inverting input of U6 is grounded. The output of U6 serves as the output of the vibration acquisition section.

3. The battery power supply circuit under strong vibration environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency classification detection section includes crystal oscillator X1, chips U5, U8, and U4; U5 uses a 74HC221 oscillator; U8 uses a 74HC4040 counter; U4 uses a 74HC1238 decoder; the output of U6 is connected to the Clock pin of U8; the Reset pin of U8 is connected to the 1Q# pin of U5; the 1B pin of U5 is connected to the OUT pin of X1; the 1REXT pin of U5 is connected to the power supply VCC through R5; the 1CEXT pin of U5 is grounded through C5; the VDD pin of X1 is connected to the power supply VDD through a voltage divider network; the Q7 pin of U8 is connected to the A0 pin of U4; the Q8 pin of U8 is connected to the A1 pin of U4; and the Q9 pin of U8 is connected to the A2 pin of U4. The Y#1 pin of U4 is used as the S1 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit; the Y#2 pin of U4 is used as the S2 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit; the Y#3 pin of U4 is used as the S3 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit; the Y#4, Y#5, Y#6 and Y#7 pins of U4 are interconnected and used as the S4 output of the frequency classification detection section through an RC circuit. The VCC pins of U4, U5, and U8 are connected to the power supply VCC, and the ground pins are grounded.

4. The battery power supply circuit under strong vibration environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency matching circuit includes a piezoelectric array frequency matching circuit and a coil vibration transducer frequency matching circuit. The frequency matching circuit of the coil vibration transducer includes coil vibration transducer Y2, rectifier bridge D2, PMOS transistors Q3 and Q4, inductors L3 and L4, and capacitor C3. Port 1 of Y2 is connected to L3 and L4 respectively. The other end of L3 is connected to the source of Q4, and the gate of Q4 is connected to the S1 output of the frequency graded detection section. The other end of L4 is connected to the source of Q3, and the gate of Q3 is connected to the S2 output of the frequency graded detection section. The drains of Q3 and Q4 are connected to C3. The other end of C3 is connected to port 2 of Y1. Ports 1 and 2 of Y2 are connected to the two AC input terminals of D2 respectively. The AC+ output terminal of D2 is connected to the supercapacitor CSC. The AC- output terminal of D2 is grounded. The piezoelectric array frequency matching circuit includes a piezoelectric array Y1, a rectifier bridge D1, PMOS transistors Q1 and Q2, and inductors L1 and L2. Ports 2 of Y1 are connected to L1 and L2 respectively. The other end of L1 is connected to the source of Q1, and the gate of Q1 is connected to the S3 output of the frequency graded detection section. The other end of L2 is connected to the source of Q2, and the gate of Q2 is connected to the S4 output of the frequency graded detection section. The drains of Q1 and Q2 are grounded. Ports 1 and 2 of Y2 are connected to the two AC input terminals of D1 respectively. The AC+ output terminal of D1 is connected to the supercapacitor CSC. The AC- output terminal of D1 is grounded.

5. The battery power supply circuit under strong vibration environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact detection circuit includes an impact switch SW1 and a transistor Q5; The emitter of Q5 is grounded, and the collector is connected to the battery module and the load in the power supply module respectively; the collector of Q5 is connected to one end of SW1 and the load respectively; the other end of SW1 is connected to the supercapacitor CSC; SW1 adopts SW-18020P impact sensing switch.

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