A multi-input power supply module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multi-input power supply module, including input and rectification filter circuit, high-frequency transformation and switch drive circuit, output rectification circuit and feedback sampling circuit.Input and rectification filter circuit are used to receive the input electric energy from single-phase or three-phase ac power supply and DC power supply, and it is smooth as stable DC bus voltage;High-frequency transformation and switch drive circuit are driven under the control chip, and DC bus voltage is high-frequency by main power switch tube and loaded to transformer primary;Output rectification circuit is high-frequency pulse output by transformer secondary, and is rectified and smooth filtered by high-speed diode, and forms stable DC output;Feedback sampling circuit detects output voltage in real time and is feedback to control chip by photocoupler isolation, and forms closed-loop regulation mechanism, to maintain output stable when input voltage fluctuation or load change.The utility model has the advantages of wide input range, compatible multi-input, high stability and strong reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of power supply equipment technology, and in particular relates to a multi-input power supply module. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, power modules, as core components of power electronic systems, are widely used in various fields such as industrial automation equipment, communication systems, data centers, and new energy power generation and storage systems. With the continuous expansion of the global manufacturing and application environment, power modules need to be able to adapt to the power grid standards of different countries and regions, including single-phase and three-phase AC power supply, and the ability to operate stably under complex power quality conditions such as grid fluctuations, power outages, and surges. However, most power products on the market are designed with an AC input range of 90-265V, primarily for compatibility with conventional mains power, which to some extent limits their flexibility and stability in a wider range of application scenarios.

[0003] In practical applications, new energy equipment such as photovoltaic power generation systems and wind power generation systems have a wide range of DC-side voltages, potentially reaching hundreds of volts or even higher. To achieve efficient energy conversion and stable output, power modules need to have a wider input voltage range. However, due to limitations in cost, component voltage ratings, heat dissipation space, and safety isolation design, most existing products can only cover a narrow input range. When encountering situations such as a phase loss in the power grid or a momentary power outage, this can easily lead to power interruptions, resulting in irreversible consequences such as data loss, system restarts, or even hardware damage. This problem is particularly prominent in data centers, industrial control systems, rail transportation, and other locations with extremely high requirements for power supply continuity.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional power supplies generally lack compatibility with multiple inputs. When multiple power sources need to be connected simultaneously, such as multiple AC inputs from different phases or a mix of AC and DC inputs, existing solutions often cannot achieve stable and safe parallel operation, and may even cause equipment failure due to input conflicts. This limitation restricts the application potential of power modules in multi-power redundant power supply, distributed power supply networks, and emergency power supply systems.

[0005] With the increasing complexity of application scenarios and the diversification of energy utilization methods, there is an urgent need for a power module that can support multiple inputs, has an ultra-wide input voltage range, and can operate stably and reliably under various complex power supply conditions, so as to meet the needs of next-generation industrial equipment, new energy systems, and mission-critical electronic equipment. Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a multi-input power supply module.

[0007] Specifically, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: A multi-input power supply module includes an input and rectification filter circuit, a high-frequency transformer and switching drive circuit, an output rectification circuit, and a feedback sampling circuit. The input and rectification filter circuit has multiple input interfaces, including a DC input terminal and a three-phase AC input terminal. All input interfaces are connected to a rectifier bridge. The input and rectification filter circuit converts the electrical energy input from the multiple input interfaces into a stable DC bus voltage. The high-frequency transformer and switching drive circuit includes a transformer, a main power switch, and a PWM control chip. The primary winding of the transformer forms a loop with the output terminal of the input and rectification filter circuit and the main power switch. The secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the output rectifier circuit, converting the received high-frequency pulse energy into a stable DC voltage supplied to the load at the output terminal. The PWM control chip outputs a drive signal to control the on / off state of the main power switch. The feedback sampling circuit samples and compares the voltage at the output terminal and transmits the deviation signal to the PWM control chip.

[0008] Furthermore, the transformer also includes an auxiliary winding coupled to the primary winding. This auxiliary winding forms a circuit with the power supply pin of the PWM control chip, and is used to convert the received high-frequency pulse energy into the power supply for the PWM control chip after rectification and filtering.

[0009] Furthermore, the positive terminal of the DC input is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor R1 and diodes D1 and D2, and the negative terminal is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor R2 and diodes D3 and D4; the three-phase AC input includes three sets of live wires L1, L2, L3 and corresponding neutral wires N1, N2, N3, each live wire is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and a pair of diodes; the electrical energy of each input terminal is combined at a common node and connected to a rectifier bridge for full-bridge rectification.

[0010] Furthermore, a filter circuit is provided at the DC output terminal of the rectifier bridge. The filter circuit includes several filter capacitors connected in parallel to absorb and suppress the ripple voltage of the rectified output. A voltage divider circuit composed of several resistors and Zener diodes is also provided at the DC output terminal of the rectifier bridge.

[0011] Furthermore, the output rectifier circuit includes: one end of the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the anodes of rectifier diodes D13 and D14 respectively; the cathodes of rectifier diodes D13 and D14 are connected to the output filter circuit after they are combined; the output filter circuit includes a π-type filter network composed of capacitors CE6 and CE7 and an inductor; and the output terminal of the output filter circuit serves as the output terminal of the power module.

[0012] Furthermore, the feedback sampling circuit includes a Zener diode U2 and an optocoupler OPT; the reference voltage terminal of the Zener diode U2 is connected to the output terminal of the power module through a voltage divider network composed of several resistors, and the Zener diode U2 and the light-emitting diode of the optocoupler OPT form a circuit, and the phototransistor of the optocoupler OPT and the optocoupler feedback pin of the PWM control chip form a circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the power module further includes an output indicator circuit, which includes a light-emitting diode connected in parallel to the output terminal of the power module for indicating the output voltage status.

[0014] Compared to existing technologies, this invention exhibits significant advantages in adaptability, stability, and reliability. Its design is compatible with multiple AC and DC inputs simultaneously, allowing direct connection to single-phase or three-phase power grids, as well as DC power supply input. It also allows simultaneous supply of AC power of different phases without mutual interference, greatly expanding its application scenarios and environmental adaptability. With a wide input range, it maintains stable operation even under adverse conditions such as grid voltage fluctuations, phase loss, and instantaneous power outages, effectively preventing system downtime or data loss due to power interruptions. It is particularly suitable for industrial control, data processing, and communication systems with extremely high requirements for power supply continuity. Through high-frequency transformer and high-efficiency switching control technology, this invention achieves electrical isolation while reducing energy conversion losses and improving overall efficiency. Its comprehensive feedback sampling and closed-loop voltage regulation mechanism ensures that the output voltage remains highly stable under load changes and input fluctuations, guaranteeing the safety and normal operation of terminal equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the multi-input power supply module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0018] This embodiment provides a multi-input power supply module, which mainly includes an input and rectification filter circuit, a high-frequency transformer and switch drive circuit, an output rectifier circuit, and a feedback sampling circuit. During operation, the input and rectification filter circuit first receives input power from a DC port or multiple AC ports, transforming different types and phases of power into a stable DC bus voltage. It also suppresses ripple and voltage spikes through a filter capacitor bank, providing a stable input for subsequent energy conversion. The high-frequency transformer and switch drive circuit, under the pulse width modulation of the control chip, drives the main power switch to switch on and off at high speed, increasing the DC bus voltage to a high frequency and applying it to the primary winding of the high-frequency transformer, achieving electrical isolation and voltage conversion. The output rectifier circuit receives high-frequency pulse energy from the secondary side of the transformer, rectifies and smooths it into a stable DC voltage output through high-speed rectifier diodes and a filter network. The feedback sampling circuit monitors the output voltage in real time, and after voltage division and signal conditioning, transmits the error signal to the control chip through optocoupler isolation. This allows the control chip to automatically adjust the duty cycle of the switch according to load changes and input fluctuations, ensuring a stable and reliable output voltage.

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, the input and rectifier filter circuit features multiple input interfaces, including a DC input terminal (VI+ / VI-) and a three-phase AC input terminal (L1 / N1, L2 / N2, L2 / N2) to accommodate both DC and three-phase AC power supply modes. The DC input terminal VI+ is connected to diodes D1 and D2 in sequence via a current-limiting resistor R1, while VI- is connected to diodes D3 and D4 in sequence via a current-limiting resistor R2. These two sets of diodes are used for unidirectional conduction and polarity protection, respectively, ensuring correct DC input direction and preventing damage from reverse connection. The three-phase AC input section includes three sets of live wires L1, L2, and L3, and corresponding neutral wires N1, N2, and N3. Each live wire first passes through its respective current-limiting resistors R3, R4, and R5, and then enters a rectifier branch composed of paired diodes. L1 is rectified by D5 and D6, L2 by D7 and D8, and L3 by D9 and D10. These diodes convert AC power from different phases into unidirectional pulsating DC power, while preventing mutual interference between different inputs. The rectified power from each circuit converges at a common node and undergoes full-bridge rectification through a rectifier bridge, completely converting the AC signal into pulsating DC power. The DC output terminal of the rectifier bridge is connected in parallel with input filter capacitors CE1, CE2, CE3, and CE4. These large-capacity capacitors are used to absorb and suppress the ripple voltage of the rectified output and smooth the DC bus voltage. Meanwhile, resistors R6, R7, and R10 provide voltage division and bleedering functions, preventing capacitors from carrying residual charge for extended periods. The buffer circuit formed by resistors R8 and R9, capacitor C1, and diode D12 effectively suppresses switching surges and high-frequency spikes. Through the rational layout and connection of these components, this part of the circuit can achieve safe isolation, effective rectification, and smooth filtering under different types and phases of power input, providing a stable DC bus voltage foundation for subsequent switching conversion and energy transfer.

[0020] The switching and driving circuit mainly includes a transformer, a main power switching transistor Q1, and a PWM control chip U1. For example... Figure 1As shown, the transformer comprises three windings: a primary winding, a secondary winding, and an auxiliary winding. The primary winding is located on the high-voltage side of the circuit, with one end directly connected to the source of the main power switch Q1 and the other end connected to the positive terminal of the DC bus. When Q1 is turned on, the bus voltage is applied to the primary winding, storing energy in the core. The main function of the primary winding is to convert the energy from the DC bus into magnetic field energy under high-frequency switching action and transfer it to other windings through magnetic coupling. The secondary winding is located on the low-voltage side and receives the high-frequency pulse energy transferred from the primary side. Through rectification and filtering, it converts this energy into a stable DC output voltage to supply the load. The auxiliary winding is magnetically coupled to the primary winding, with one end connected to the power supply pin of the PWM control chip U1 and the other end grounded. After the circuit starts, this winding generates an AC voltage induced by the magnetic field of the primary winding. After rectification and filtering, it provides a stable operating power supply to the control chip, achieving self-powering functionality. The auxiliary winding also provides power isolation and a voltage reference for some control circuits, ensuring that the control chip continues to operate stably when the input voltage changes.

[0021] The drive signal output terminal of the PWM control chip U1 is connected to the gate of the switching transistor Q1, and the feedback signal input terminal of the PWM control chip U1 is connected to the feedback sampling circuit. The switching control of the switching transistor Q1 is realized based on the feedback sampling signal from the output terminal of the power supply module. When U1 outputs a high-level signal, Q1 receives a positive drive voltage and turns on, and the DC bus voltage is applied to the primary winding of the transformer and stored in the magnetic core.

[0022] In the output rectifier circuit, one end of the secondary winding, magnetically coupled to the primary winding of the transformer, is connected to the anodes of high-speed rectifier diodes D13 and D14. The cathodes of the diodes converge and are connected to the output filter network, which includes a π-type filter structure composed of large-capacity smoothing capacitors CE6 and CE7 and inductors. The other end of the secondary winding is grounded. The function of the secondary winding is to induce an AC voltage of corresponding amplitude under the action of a high-frequency magnetic field, which is rectified into unidirectional pulsating DC by D13 and D14. The ripple is then absorbed by the filter capacitors, and the combination of inductors and capacitors further suppresses high-frequency interference, thereby obtaining a stable DC voltage at the output (VO+ / VO-) for the load. The high-frequency transformer and output rectifier section not only completes the high-frequency isolated transmission of energy from the high-voltage side to the low-voltage side, but also simultaneously realizes the stable supply of output voltage and the reliable self-powering of the control circuit. It is a key link in the efficient and stable operation of the entire power module.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, in the output rectifier circuit, one end of the transformer's secondary winding is connected to the anodes of high-speed rectifier diodes D13 and D14, and the other end is grounded, forming a dual-diode full-wave rectifier structure. When energy is transferred from the primary side of the high-frequency transformer to the secondary side via magnetic coupling, the secondary winding alternately provides forward drive to D13 and D14 in each half-cycle, causing them to rectify the AC pulse current into a unidirectional current during the corresponding conduction cycle. The cathodes of D13 and D14 are connected in parallel to the output filter network, which includes a π-type filter structure composed of large-capacity smoothing capacitors CE6 and CE7 and inductors. Through this combination of rectification and filtering, the high-frequency pulse energy obtained by the transformer secondary is efficiently converted into DC voltage, and under the action of the filter network, a stable, low-noise output is formed, providing a reliable power supply to the load.

[0024] In the feedback sampling circuit, the positive voltage at the output terminal is first proportionally scaled by a voltage divider network composed of resistors R25, R26, and R27. The voltage value at each voltage divider node is precisely set within the acceptable low-voltage range for the control circuit. This voltage divider signal is input to the REF pin of the Zener diode U2, where it is compared with the internal reference voltage to generate a deviation current. When the output voltage deviates from the set value, U2 outputs a corresponding error signal, which drives the LED of the optocoupler OPT, causing its light intensity to change proportionally to the voltage error. The phototransistor terminal of the optocoupler OPT is located on the primary control side and connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the PWM control chip U1, achieving electrical isolation between the output side and the control side, while simultaneously transmitting the output voltage change information to U1. Through this feedback sampling circuit, the output voltage is monitored in real time and fed back to the control chip in an isolated manner. The control chip automatically adjusts the duty cycle of the main power switch Q1 based on the feedback signal, thereby achieving closed-loop voltage regulation control of the output voltage and maintaining output stability and reliability when the load changes or the input voltage fluctuates.

[0025] In some embodiments, the power module further includes an output indicator circuit. For example... Figure 1 As shown, at the output terminal, resistors R14 and R15 are connected in series and in parallel with an LED between the positive terminal VO+ and the negative terminal VO-, serving as a power supply operating status indicator circuit. When the output voltage reaches the normal value, the LED lights up after the current is divided by R14 and R15, indicating that the power supply is operating well.

[0026] This utility model power module supports 90~500V (DC 100~1000V) input and can be directly plugged into single-phase and three-phase input devices for use. It can even be powered simultaneously by three different live wires without damage. It can also be powered directly by a battery. Even in the event of a complete power outage, it can utilize solar or wind power to power the battery, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the device and guaranteeing that data is never lost. This utility model power module features AC / DC dual-use, a wide input voltage range, high reliability, low power consumption, and safety isolation.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it; under the concept of this utility model, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and there are many other variations of different aspects of this utility model as described above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail; although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-input power supply module, characterized in that, It includes input and rectification filter circuits, high-frequency transformer and switch drive circuits, output rectification circuits, and feedback sampling circuits; The input and rectification filter circuit has multiple input interfaces, including a DC input terminal and a three-phase AC input terminal. All input interfaces are connected to a rectifier bridge. The input and rectification filter circuit converts the electrical energy input from the multiple input interfaces into a stable DC bus voltage. The high-frequency transformer and switching drive circuit includes a transformer, a main power switch, and a PWM control chip. The primary winding of the transformer forms a loop with the output terminal of the input and rectification filter circuit and the main power switch. The secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the output rectifier circuit, converting the received high-frequency pulse energy into a stable DC voltage supplied to the load at the output terminal. The PWM control chip outputs a drive signal to control the on / off state of the main power switch. The feedback sampling circuit samples and compares the voltage at the output terminal and transmits the deviation signal to the PWM control chip.

2. The multi-input power module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transformer also includes an auxiliary winding coupled to the primary winding. This auxiliary winding forms a circuit with the power supply pin of the PWM control chip, and is used to convert the received high-frequency pulse energy into the power supply for the PWM control chip after rectification and filtering.

3. The multi-input power module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positive terminal of the DC input is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor R1 and diodes D1 and D2, and the negative terminal is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor R2 and diodes D3 and D4. The three-phase AC input includes three sets of live wires L1, L2, L3 and corresponding neutral wires N1, N2, N3. Each live wire is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and a pair of diodes. The electrical energy of each input terminal is combined at a common node and connected to a rectifier bridge for full-bridge rectification.

4. The multi-input power module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The DC output terminal of the rectifier bridge is equipped with a filter circuit, which includes several filter capacitors connected in parallel to absorb and suppress the ripple voltage of the rectified output; the DC output terminal of the rectifier bridge is also equipped with a voltage divider circuit composed of several resistors and Zener diodes.

5. The multi-input power supply module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The output rectifier circuit includes: one end of the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the anodes of rectifier diodes D13 and D14 respectively; the cathodes of rectifier diodes D13 and D14 are connected to the output filter circuit after they are combined; the output filter circuit includes a π-type filter network composed of capacitors CE6 and CE7 and an inductor; and the output terminal of the output filter circuit serves as the output terminal of the power module.

6. The multi-input power supply module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feedback sampling circuit includes a Zener diode U2 and an optocoupler OPT. The reference voltage terminal of the Zener diode U2 is connected to the output terminal of the power module through a voltage divider network composed of several resistors. The Zener diode U2 and the light-emitting diode of the optocoupler OPT form a circuit, and the phototransistor of the optocoupler OPT and the optocoupler feedback pin of the PWM control chip form a circuit.

7. The multi-input power supply module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power module also includes an output indicator circuit, which includes a light-emitting diode connected in parallel to the output terminal of the power module to indicate the output voltage status.

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