A voltage stabilizing protection circuit applied to a frequency hopping filter, the frequency hopping filter and a communication device

Abstract

The utility model relates to communication equipment technical field discloses a kind of applied to frequency hopping filter's voltage stabilizing protection circuit, frequency hopping filter and communication equipment, the voltage stabilizing protection circuit is located between the switch drive circuit and control input port of frequency hopping filter, mainly by two triodes, a stabilivolt and 5 resistors are formed;Among them, resistance R1, R2, R5 form voltage sampling circuit, stabilivolt D1 is reference voltage circuit, triode Q1 and resistance R3 form comparison amplifier circuit, triode Q2 and resistance R4 form voltage regulating circuit.When the high-voltage power supply Vbb provided by user fluctuates, after resistance voltage division, stabilivolt stabilizes and the adjustment of two triodes, make the voltage drop of voltage stabilizing protection circuit output, provide reverse bias voltage matched with the signal power capacity of frequency hopping filter.The utility model can protect the internal device of frequency hopping filter, and compatible different power frequency hopping filter uses, debugging is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication equipment technology, and in particular to frequency hopping filters. More specifically, it relates to a voltage regulation and protection circuit for frequency hopping filters, frequency hopping filters, and communication equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern communication technology, frequency hopping technology has become a commonly used anti-interference communication technology. By rapidly switching between different frequencies to transmit signals, it effectively enhances the anti-interference and anti-interception capabilities of communication. As a key component in frequency hopping communication systems, frequency hopping filters use serial or parallel control codes to switch their frequency hopping bands and center frequencies, thereby achieving frequency hopping encryption processing of signals, removing noise and interference, and ensuring communication security.

[0003] Existing frequency-hopping filters mainly consist of six parts: control input port, digital processing circuit, switch drive unit, capacitor array unit, filter component unit, RF input, and output port. The mainstream technical solution involves the user inputting a control code. The microcontroller or programmable memory inside the frequency-hopping filter outputs a corresponding level signal based on the control code, controlling the RF switch to select the filtering frequency band and controlling the drive switch to open the corresponding tuning capacitor connected to the LC filter component unit, thus achieving switching between different communication frequencies.

[0004] In principle, the signal power capacity of a frequency-hopping filter is positively correlated with the reverse bias voltage of the PIN diode; as the reverse bias voltage increases, the signal power capacity increases. Typically, a 1W frequency-hopping filter has a reverse bias voltage of 100V, a 10W filter has 200V, and a 100W filter has 400V. In practical applications, users often use various frequency-hopping filters with different power capacities in their systems to achieve complex frequency-hopping communication functions and reduce overall power consumption. However, due to size and cost limitations, only one high-voltage power supply is usually provided, posing significant challenges to the design and use of frequency-hopping filters with different power capacities. Furthermore, the high-voltage power supplies used by users are generally generated by switching power supplies, which can cause large voltage fluctuations at startup, easily damaging internal components of the filter and causing equipment failure.

[0005] Therefore, a voltage regulation and protection circuit for a frequency hopping filter needs to be designed to meet the requirements of the above application scenarios. Summary of the Invention To address the problems and shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model proposes a voltage regulation and protection circuit for frequency hopping filters, a frequency hopping filter, and communication equipment. It solves the problem and shortcomings of existing technology where users can use frequency hopping filters with various power capacities but cannot provide multiple sets of reverse bias voltages. It also protects the internal components of the frequency hopping filter, greatly saves design costs, improves design flexibility, and enhances the reliability of the equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: This invention first proposes a voltage regulation and protection circuit for use in frequency hopping filters, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the voltage regulation and protection circuit is located between the switch drive circuit and the control input port of the frequency hopping filter. A fixed high-voltage single power supply provided by the user terminal, input through the control input port, is connected to the voltage regulation and protection circuit. The circuit then regulates the high-voltage power supply input from the control terminal and outputs a reverse bias voltage. This reverse bias voltage matches the signal power capacity of the frequency hopping filter. This reverse bias voltage, along with the control signal output from the digital processing circuit of the frequency hopping filter to the switch drive circuit, drives and controls the switch drive circuit. When the switch drive circuit is in the driving state, it drives the corresponding PIN diode of the control filter component to turn on or off, so that the corresponding tuning capacitor in the filter component is connected to the filter component (different combinations of tuning capacitors CT are connected to the filter component), achieving correct and stable switching of the center frequency and meeting the signal power capacity requirements of the frequency hopping filter. Figure 2 As shown, the voltage regulation and protection circuit mainly consists of two transistors Q1 and Q2, one Zener diode D1, and five resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5. Resistors R1, R2, and R5 form a voltage sampling circuit, Zener diode D1 is a reference voltage circuit, transistor Q1 and resistor R3 form a comparator amplifier circuit, and transistor Q2 and resistor R4 form a voltage adjustment circuit. Figure 2 In the diagram, pins 1, 2, and 3 of transistors Q1 and Q2 represent the base, emitter, and collector, respectively.

[0007] User commands are input to the digital processing circuit of the frequency hopping filter through the control input port. After being processed by the digital processing circuit, they are converted into control signals and sent to the switch drive circuit.

[0008] More specifically, the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to one end of resistor R3, the base is connected to one end of resistor R5, and the emitter is connected to the cathode of Zener diode D1. The other end of resistor R3 is connected to an external high-voltage power supply Vbb (i.e., the high-voltage power supply provided by the user) through the control input port of the frequency hopping filter. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to the power input terminal of the switch driver circuit (the input voltage of the power input terminal of the switch driver circuit is Vbbo). The anode of Zener diode D1 is grounded. One end of resistors R1 and R2 connected in series is connected between the base of transistor Q1 and resistor R5, and the other end is grounded. The base of transistor Q2 is connected between the collector of transistor Q1 and resistor R3. The collector is connected to an external high-voltage power supply Vbb through the control input port of the frequency hopping filter. The emitter is connected to one end of resistor R4. The other end of resistor R4 is connected between the cathode of Zener diode D1 and the emitter of transistor Q1. The emitter of transistor Q2 is also connected to the power input terminal of the switch driver circuit.

[0009] For the aforementioned voltage regulation and protection circuit, after the external high-voltage power supply enters the circuit through the control input port of the frequency hopping filter, the circuit regulates the voltage of the input high-voltage power supply and outputs a reverse bias voltage matching the signal power capacity of the frequency hopping filter to the switch drive circuit. The switch drive circuit controls the corresponding PIN diode in the filter assembly to turn on or off, so that the corresponding tuning capacitor is connected to the filter assembly. The specific working principle is as follows: When the equipment starts up, the high-voltage power supply Vbb provided by the user fluctuates upwards. When the increased high-voltage power supply Vbb is input to the voltage regulation and protection circuit through the control input port, the voltage divider effect of resistors R1, R2, and R5 causes the base potential Ub1 of transistor Q1 to rise, and causes the Zener diode D1 to work. The emitter voltage Ue1 of transistor Q1 remains unchanged, so Ube1 rises. Furthermore, the collector current Ic1 of transistor Q1 increases, causing Uc1 (the base potential Ub2 of transistor Q2) to decrease. Since transistor Q2 is an emitter follower, Ue2 also decreases accordingly. This means that the voltage Vbbo output by the final voltage regulator circuit decreases and eventually stabilizes at a fixed voltage value, thereby achieving the purpose of stabilizing the reverse bias voltage Vbb.

[0010] Similarly, when the user-input reverse bias voltage Vbb fluctuates downwards, the decreasing high-voltage power supply Vbb is input to the voltage regulation and protection circuit through the control input port. The voltage divider effect of resistors R1, R2, and R5 causes the base potential Ub1 of transistor Q1 to decrease, activating Zener diode D1. The emitter voltage Ue1 of Q1 remains unchanged, thus Ube1 decreases. The collector current Ic1 of Q1 decreases, causing Uc1 (the base potential Ub2 of Q2) to rise. Since Q2 is an emitter follower, Ue2 also rises accordingly. Therefore, the final output voltage Vbbo of the voltage regulation and protection circuit increases and eventually stabilizes at a fixed value, thus achieving the goal of stabilizing the reverse bias voltage Vbb.

[0011] like Figure 3 As shown, the reverse bias voltage Vbbo output by the voltage regulator circuit after voltage regulation is input to the PIN drive circuit. Under the control of the user control code, the PIN diode is driven to turn on or reverse cut off, thereby connecting the tuning capacitor CT to the filter component to realize frequency switching.

[0012] In this invention, the reverse bias voltage is the reverse bias voltage applied to the PIN diode (the positive terminal of the diode is grounded or has a negative voltage, and the negative terminal is connected to a positive voltage; at this time, the diode is cut off, i.e., it is not conducting).

[0013] Preferably, transistors Q1 and Q2 are NPN transistors.

[0014] Preferably, the voltage regulator D1 is model MM3Z18VST1.

[0015] Preferably, the voltage regulation and protection circuit is integrated on the PCB board.

[0016] Based on the same inventive concept, this utility model also proposes a frequency hopping filter, which includes the above-mentioned voltage regulation and protection circuit.

[0017] Furthermore, the frequency hopping filter also includes a filter assembly, an RF switch, a switch driving circuit, a digital processing circuit, and a control input port. The filter assembly has an RF input terminal and an RF output terminal. The output terminals of the RF switch and the switch driving circuit are connected to the input terminals of the filter assembly. The output terminal of the digital processing circuit is connected to the input terminals of the RF switch and the switch driving circuit, respectively. The output terminal of the voltage regulation protection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the switch driving circuit. The output terminal of the control input port is connected to the input terminals of the digital processing circuit and the voltage regulation protection circuit, respectively.

[0018] This utility model also proposes a communication device, which employs the aforementioned frequency hopping filter.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model's voltage regulation and protection circuit is applicable to the design of low-power, medium-power, and high-power frequency hopping filters, and provides a compatible design scheme for filters with different signal power capacities. During filter design and debugging, transistors Q1 and Q2 and Zener diode D1 with rated withstand voltages meeting the user's actual input high-voltage power supply requirements are selected. The required reverse bias voltage can be output by adjusting the resistance values ​​of resistors R1 and R2. Decreasing the resistance values ​​of resistors R1 and R2 increases the output reverse bias voltage; increasing the resistance values ​​of resistors R1 and R2 decreases the output reverse bias voltage. This utility model has strong compatibility, is simple to debug, and can be used normally on frequency hopping filters with various signal power capacities without much modification. 2. The voltage regulation and protection circuit of this invention uses the principle of voltage negative feedback to convert an unstable, ripple-interference-prone input bias voltage into a stable, clean, and safe output voltage. This ensures that the PIN diodes of the frequency hopping filter correctly turn on or off under the control of the user's control code, thereby achieving correct frequency switching. Simultaneously, this voltage regulation and protection circuit acts as an isolation band between the PIN diodes and the reverse bias voltage, absorbing the surge voltage generated when the device is turned on, reducing the risk of device breakdown due to high voltage, and enhancing the stability and reliability of the frequency hopping filter. 3. This utility model, applied to the voltage regulation protection circuit of a frequency hopping filter, uses only three components: transistors, Zener diodes, and resistors. The transistors are packaged in SOT-23, the Zener diodes in SOD323, and the remaining resistors are all 0805 packages and are standard models. The total number of components is only eight. This reduces material management costs, procurement costs, and production costs. Furthermore, through reasonable layout and wiring, it meets the miniaturization requirements of the frequency hopping filter. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The foregoing and hereinafter detailed description of this utility model becomes clearer when read in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the frequency hopping filter structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage regulation and protection circuit of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a signal flow diagram of the voltage regulation and protection circuit of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a simulation diagram of voltage and current output for Example 1; Figure 5 This is a simulation diagram of voltage fluctuation output in Example 1; Figure 6 This is a simulation diagram of voltage and current output for Example 2; Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of voltage fluctuation output in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this utility model, the following will further illustrate the technical solutions for achieving the purpose of this utility model through several specific embodiments. It should be noted that the technical solutions claimed by this utility model include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this utility model. Example 1 This embodiment designs a frequency hopping filter voltage regulation and protection circuit with a signal power capacity of 1W based on a user-provided 200V high-voltage power supply. It includes NPN transistors Q1 and Q2, a Zener diode D1, and resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5. Resistors R1, R2, and R5 form a voltage sampling circuit, Zener diode D1 is a reference voltage circuit, NPN transistor Q1 and resistor R3 form a comparator amplifier circuit, and NPN transistor Q2 and resistor R4 form a voltage adjustment circuit. The two transistors are high-voltage NPN transistors (FMMT497TA), with collector-emitter breakdown voltages VCBO and VCEO both of 300V, and a maximum collector current of 500mA. The Zener diode is selected as MM3Z12VST1, with a Zener voltage VZ of 12V. The resistors are standard 0805 package types, capable of withstanding overload voltages up to 200V.

[0022] The voltage regulation and protection circuit composed of the above-mentioned devices is located between the control input port of the frequency hopping filter and the switch drive circuit. The specific circuit layout structure can be referred to the scheme recorded and described in the content of this utility model, and will not be described in detail here.

[0023] The voltage regulation and protection circuit proposed in this embodiment was simulated and tested. The simulation test results are shown in the figure below. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the external input voltage of the frequency hopping filter is 200V. By adjusting the resistance values ​​of resistors R1 and R2 in the voltage regulation and protection circuit, the output voltage can be accurately set to 100V, and the output current can reach 25mA, meeting the reverse bias voltage requirements of a frequency hopping filter with a signal power capacity of 1W. When the user's input high voltage fluctuates within the range of 100V to 520V, the feedback voltage Ub1 obtained through voltage sampling is compared with the reference voltage UZ. Then, the difference voltage is amplified by transistor Q1 and used to control the voltage adjustment transistor Q2, adjusting its voltage drop to stabilize the output voltage within the range of 100V ± 2V, thus realizing the voltage regulation and protection function of the frequency hopping filter. It should be noted that, Figure 4 and Figure 5In the figure, U1 and U2 correspond to transistors Q1 and Q2 of this invention, respectively; furthermore, U3 and U4 in the figure are also transistors, just like U1 and U2, and D2 is also a Zener diode. The circuits on the left and right sides of the figure are the same. In the simulation software, the circuit was copied to compare the two cases when the input high voltage power supply Vbb fluctuates upward and downward.

[0024] Example 2 This embodiment designs a frequency hopping filter voltage regulation and protection circuit with a signal power capacity of 10W based on a user-provided 400V high-voltage power supply. It includes NPN transistors Q1 and Q2, a Zener diode D1, and resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5. Resistors R1, R2, and R5 form a voltage sampling circuit, Zener diode D1 is a reference voltage circuit, NPN transistor Q1 and resistor R3 form a comparator amplifier circuit, and transistor Q2 and resistor R4 form a voltage adjustment circuit. Transistors Q1 and Q2 are FMMT459TA, with collector-emitter breakdown voltages VCBO and VCEO of 450V and a maximum collector current of 150mA. The Zener diode is MM3Z18VST1, with a Zener voltage VZ of 18V. The resistors are standard 0805 package types, capable of withstanding overload voltages up to 200V.

[0025] Similarly, the voltage regulation and protection circuit composed of the above-mentioned devices in this embodiment is located between the control input port of the frequency hopping filter and the switch driving circuit. The specific circuit layout structure can be referred to the scheme recorded and described in the content of this utility model, and will not be described in detail here.

[0026] The voltage regulation and protection circuit proposed in this embodiment was simulated and tested. The simulation test results are shown in the figure below. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, with a user input high voltage of 400V, adjusting the resistance values ​​of resistors R1 and R2 can accurately set the output voltage to 200V, and the output current can reach 31mA, meeting the reverse bias voltage requirement of the 10W signal power capacity of the frequency hopping filter. When the user input high voltage fluctuates within the range of 246V to 599V, the feedback voltage Ub1 obtained through voltage sampling is compared with the reference voltage UZ. Then, the difference voltage is amplified by transistor Q1 and used to control the voltage adjustment transistor Q2, adjusting its voltage drop to stabilize the output voltage within the range of 200V±2V, thus realizing the voltage regulation and protection function of the frequency hopping filter.

[0027] It should be noted that, Figure 6 and Figure 7In the figure, U1 and U2 correspond to transistors Q1 and Q2 of this invention, respectively; furthermore, U3 and U4 in the figure are also transistors, just like U1 and U2, and D2 is also a Zener diode. The circuits on the left and right sides of the figure are the same. In the simulation software, the circuit was copied to compare the two cases when the input high voltage power supply Vbb fluctuates upward and downward.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A voltage regulation and protection circuit applied to a frequency hopping filter, characterized in that, The voltage regulation and protection circuit is located between the switch drive circuit and the control input port of the frequency hopping filter. The output of the switch drive circuit is connected to the input of the filter component. An external high-voltage power supply enters the voltage regulation and protection circuit through the control input port. The voltage regulation and protection circuit outputs a reverse bias voltage to the switch drive circuit. The corresponding PIN diode of the filter component is turned on or off under the drive control of the switch drive circuit. The reverse bias voltage is matched with the signal power capacity of the frequency hopping filter. The voltage regulation and protection circuit includes transistors Q1 and Q2, a Zener diode D1, resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5. The collector of transistor Q1 is connected to one end of resistor R3, the base is connected to one end of resistor R5, and the emitter is connected to the cathode of Zener diode D1. The other end of resistor R3 is connected to an external high-voltage power supply through a control input port, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to the power input terminal of the switch driver circuit. The anode of Zener diode D1 is grounded. One end of resistors R1 and R2 connected in series is connected between the base of transistor Q1 and resistor R5, and the other end is grounded. The base of transistor Q2 is connected between the collector of transistor Q1 and resistor R3. The collector is connected to an external high-voltage power supply through a control input port. The emitter is connected to one end of resistor R4 and the input terminal of the switch driver circuit. The other end of resistor R4 is connected between the cathode of Zener diode D1 and the emitter of transistor Q1.

2. The voltage regulation and protection circuit for a frequency hopping filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Transistors Q1 and Q2 are NPN type transistors.

3. The voltage regulation and protection circuit applied to a frequency hopping filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulation and protection circuit is integrated on the PCB board.

4. A frequency hopping filter, characterized in that, Includes the voltage regulation and protection circuit described in any one of claims 1-3 above.

5. A frequency hopping filter according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a filter assembly, an RF switch, a switch driver circuit, a digital processing circuit, and a control input port. The filter assembly has an RF input port and an RF output port. The outputs of the RF switch and the switch driver circuit are connected to the inputs of the filter assembly. The output of the digital processing circuit is connected to the inputs of the RF switch and the switch driver circuit, respectively. The output of the voltage regulation protection circuit is connected to the input of the switch driver circuit. The output of the control input port is connected to the inputs of the digital processing circuit and the voltage regulation protection circuit, respectively.

6. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes the frequency hopping filter as described in claim 5.

Images