Communication circuit and circuit breaker

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of communication circuit and circuit breaker, communication circuit includes first circuit board, second circuit board, communication processing module, isolation module and zero-crossing detection module;Zero-crossing detection module is arranged on first circuit board, communication processing module is arranged on second circuit board, isolation module is arranged on first circuit board or second circuit board;Communication processing module is electrically connected with isolation module and zero-crossing detection module respectively, and isolation module and zero-crossing detection module are respectively used to be electrically connected with power line, to realize power line carrier communication.The utility model is based on the division of strong current and weak current, and different modules are arranged on different circuit boards.First, realize power line carrier communication scheme through two circuit boards, reduce the volume of single circuit board, and better adapt to the corresponding peripheral shell.In addition, two circuit boards realize the physical isolation on wiring, reduce wiring interference, and can improve communication reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to a communication circuit and circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] Power line carrier communication (PLCC) is a communication method that uses existing power lines as the communication medium to transmit data signals. It loads high-frequency signals onto power lines, leveraging the widespread distribution of power lines to achieve long-distance information transmission without the need for laying additional communication lines. It has advantages such as low cost and wide coverage.

[0003] Current power line carrier communication solutions typically employ a single circuit board design, integrating all modules onto a single circuit board. This results in a bulky circuit board that is difficult to fit into the corresponding external housing. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a communication circuit and a circuit breaker.

[0005] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a communication circuit, which includes a first circuit board, a second circuit board, a communication processing module, an isolation module, and a zero-crossing detection module.

[0006] The zero-crossing detection module is mounted on the first circuit board, the communication processing module is mounted on the second circuit board, and the isolation module is mounted on either the first or the second circuit board.

[0007] The communication processing module is electrically connected to the isolation module and the zero-crossing detection module, respectively. The isolation module and the zero-crossing detection module are used to electrically connect to the power line to realize power line carrier communication.

[0008] In one embodiment, the zero-crossing detection module includes a resistor, a three-terminal reference source, and an optocoupler;

[0009] The first end of the resistor is used to connect to the neutral wire of the power line, the second end of the resistor is connected to the reference electrode of the three-terminal reference source, the anode of the three-terminal reference source is connected to the input end of the light-emitting part in the optocoupler and is used to connect to the live wire of the power line, the cathode of the three-terminal reference source is connected to the output end of the light-emitting part in the optocoupler, the input end of the photosensitive part in the optocoupler is used to connect to the working voltage, and the output end of the photosensitive part in the optocoupler is connected to the communication processing module.

[0010] The first circuit board includes a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other. A resistor and a three-terminal reference source are integrated on the first side of the first circuit board, and an optocoupler is integrated on the second side of the first circuit board.

[0011] In one embodiment, a resistor and a three-terminal reference source are integrated in a first region on a first surface of a first circuit board, and an optocoupler is integrated in a second region on a second surface of the first circuit board. The first region and the second region overlap in the thickness direction of the first circuit board.

[0012] In one embodiment, the isolation module includes a first bidirectional TVS diode, a second bidirectional TVS diode, and a transformer;

[0013] The primary side of the transformer is electrically connected to the communication processing module through a first bidirectional TVS diode, and the secondary side of the transformer is electrically connected to the power line through a second bidirectional TVS diode.

[0014] The first bidirectional TVS diode, the second bidirectional TVS diode, and the transformer are integrated on the second circuit board.

[0015] In one embodiment, the communication circuit further includes a first interface module and a second interface module for cooperating to achieve an electrical connection;

[0016] The first interface module is integrated on the first circuit board and electrically connected to the zero-crossing detection module, and the second interface module is integrated on the second circuit board and electrically connected to the communication processing module.

[0017] In one embodiment, the communication processing module includes a third circuit board and a communication processing module;

[0018] The communication processing module is integrated on the third circuit board, which is located on the second circuit board.

[0019] In one embodiment, the communication circuit further includes a third interface module and a fourth interface module for cooperating to achieve an electrical connection;

[0020] The third interface module is integrated on the third circuit board and electrically connected to the communication processing module. The fourth interface module is integrated on the second circuit board and electrically connected to the isolation module and the zero-crossing detection module, respectively.

[0021] In one embodiment, the communication circuit further includes a wireless radio frequency antenna;

[0022] The wireless radio frequency antenna is mounted on the second circuit board and electrically connected to the communication processing module to realize wireless radio frequency communication.

[0023] In one embodiment, the wireless radio frequency antenna includes a spring antenna;

[0024] The spring antenna is integrated on the second circuit board and electrically connected to the communication processing module.

[0025] Secondly, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a circuit breaker, which includes the communication circuit in any of the above embodiments.

[0026] Through the aforementioned communication circuit and circuit breaker, the modules involved in power line carrier communication are divided into high-voltage and low-voltage modules, and corresponding first and second circuit boards are set up respectively. The first circuit board houses a zero-crossing detection module (for the high-voltage module), and the second circuit board houses a communication processing module (for the low-voltage module). The isolation module for achieving electrical isolation between the high-voltage and low-voltage modules can be located on either the first or second circuit board. Firstly, implementing the power line carrier communication scheme using two circuit boards reduces the size of a single circuit board, allowing for better adaptation to the corresponding external housing. Furthermore, the two circuit boards provide physical isolation in terms of wiring, reducing wiring interference and improving communication reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the communication circuit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the zero-crossing detection module in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the layout of the first side of the first circuit board in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the layout of the second side of the first circuit board in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation module in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the second circuit board in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent connectors of the first interface module and the second interface module in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figures 8 to 10 These are schematic diagrams showing the equivalent connectors of the third interface module and the fourth interface module in one embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this application, the term "exemplary" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "exemplary" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to implement and use this invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that this invention can be implemented without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of this invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, this invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0038] Firstly, such as Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a communication circuit, which includes a first circuit board 100, a second circuit board 200, a communication processing module, an isolation module, and a zero-crossing detection module.

[0039] The zero-crossing detection module is mounted on the first circuit board 100, the communication processing module is mounted on the second circuit board 200, and the isolation module is mounted on the second circuit board 200.

[0040] In other embodiments, the isolation module may also be disposed on the first circuit board 100.

[0041] The communication processing module is electrically connected to the isolation module and the zero-crossing detection module, respectively. The isolation module and the zero-crossing detection module are used to electrically connect to the power line through the A-phase live wire terminal UA and the ground terminal GND, respectively (since the neutral wire of the power line is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the communication circuit, "electrical connection to the neutral wire of the power line" is equivalent to "electrical connection to the ground terminal of the communication circuit"), so as to realize power line carrier communication.

[0042] The communication processing module mainly includes a communication chip and a control logic unit (including a power supply unit, a digital-to-analog converter unit, and an analog-to-digital converter unit) around the communication chip. The communication chip is electrically connected to the isolation module and the zero-crossing detection module through the control logic unit.

[0043] The isolation module is used to enable signal transmission between the communication processing module and the power line. Specifically, during the signal transmission phase, the isolation module isolates and amplifies the analog communication signal output by the communication processing module (which can be understood as the analog communication signal obtained by the communication processing module through digital-to-analog conversion of the generated digital communication signal), and outputs the isolated and amplified high-frequency signal to the power line to form a carrier signal on the power line. During the signal reception phase, the isolation module isolates and reduces the carrier signal on the power line, and outputs the isolated and reduced carrier signal to the communication processing module, so that the communication processing module can perform analog-to-digital conversion and frequency separation on the isolated and reduced carrier signal to obtain the corresponding digital communication signal.

[0044] The zero-crossing detection module implements zero-crossing detection in power line carrier communication. The main function of zero-crossing detection is to provide a time reference and ensure that the signals of the transmitting and receiving ends are synchronized. Specifically, it achieves synchronization mechanism, anti-interference, dynamic adjustment, and carrier modulation basis.

[0045] Synchronization mechanism: The zero-crossing point serves as a periodic reference point for alternating current, used to send specific synchronization signals or training sequences to help the receiver adjust demodulation parameters, such as phase and frequency offset.

[0046] Anti-interference: By utilizing the periodic characteristics of alternating current, zero-crossing detection provides a stable time reference in complex channels, reducing the impact of noise and improving communication reliability.

[0047] Dynamic adjustment: Changes in power line load can alter channel characteristics. Zero-crossing detection helps the receiver adjust communication parameters, such as gain control and equalization, based on these changes.

[0048] Carrier modulation basics: Inserting a synchronization code or preamble sequence near each zero crossing makes it easier for the receiver to identify and lock onto the carrier signal, reducing synchronization time and improving efficiency.

[0049] In other words, the zero-crossing detection module detects the zero-crossing point of the AC current on the power line in real time, and sends a corresponding trigger signal to the communication processing module when a zero-crossing point is detected, so that the communication processing module can realize more reliable power line carrier communication based on the trigger signal.

[0050] The zero-crossing detection module, isolation module, and communication processing module can be directly integrated on the corresponding circuit board. In addition, since the zero-crossing detection module and the communication processing module are respectively deployed on different circuit boards, the zero-crossing detection module and the communication processing module cannot be electrically connected through circuit wiring on the circuit board. In one embodiment, the electrical connection can be achieved through external wiring outside the circuit board.

[0051] Through the aforementioned communication circuit, the modules involved in power line carrier communication are divided into high-voltage and low-voltage modules, and corresponding first and second circuit boards are set up for each. The first circuit board houses a zero-crossing detection module (for the high-voltage module), and the second circuit board houses a communication processing module (for the low-voltage module). The isolation module for achieving electrical isolation between the high-voltage and low-voltage modules can be located on either the first or second circuit board. Firstly, implementing the power line carrier communication scheme using two circuit boards reduces the size of a single circuit board, allowing for better adaptation to the corresponding external housing. Furthermore, the two circuit boards provide physical isolation in terms of wiring, reducing wiring interference and improving communication reliability.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the zero-crossing detection module includes resistors R71, R70, and R72, a three-terminal reference source U9, and an optocoupler U10.

[0053] The first end of resistor R71 is used to connect to the neutral wire of the power line through the grounding terminal GND. The second end of resistor R71 is connected to the first end of resistor R72 through resistor R70. The second end of resistor R72 is connected to the reference electrode of the three-terminal reference source U9. The anode of the three-terminal reference source U9 is connected to the input terminal of the light-emitting part of the optocoupler U10 (i.e., pin 1 of optocoupler U10) through capacitor ZC1 and is used to connect to the A-phase live wire of the power line through the A-phase live wire terminal UA. The cathode of the three-terminal reference source U9 is connected to the output terminal of the light-emitting part of the optocoupler U10 (i.e., pin 2 of optocoupler U10). The input terminal of the photosensitive part of the optocoupler U10 (i.e., pin 4 of optocoupler U10) is used to connect to the working voltage (such as a 3V3 working voltage). The output terminal of the photosensitive part of the optocoupler U10 (i.e., pin 3 of optocoupler U10) is connected to the communication processing module through the trigger terminal ZCT_C to output the corresponding trigger signal.

[0054] In the optocoupler U10, a resistor R3 is connected in parallel between the input and output terminals of the light-emitting part for current limiting. The output terminal of the photosensitive part of the optocoupler U10 is also grounded through a resistor R1 and a capacitor ZC2, respectively. The resistor R1 is used to prevent signal drift, and the capacitor ZC2 is used for filtering.

[0055] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first circuit board 100 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 arranged opposite to each other. Resistors R71, R70, R72 and a three-terminal reference source U9 are integrated on the first surface 101 of the first circuit board 100, and optocoupler U10 is integrated on the second surface 102 of the first circuit board 100.

[0056] In this way, integrating the devices on both sides of the first circuit board 100 can improve the integration level and thus reduce the size of the first circuit board 100.

[0057] Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment, resistors R71, R70, R72 and a three-terminal reference source U9 are integrated in a first region on a first surface 101 of a first circuit board 100, and optocoupler U10 is integrated in a second region on a second surface 102 of the first circuit board 100. The first region and the second region overlap in the thickness direction of the first circuit board 100.

[0058] In particular, by controlling the overlap of the integration areas in the thickness direction based on double-sided integration, the circuit wiring between devices can be simplified.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the isolation module includes a first bidirectional TVS diode D1, a second bidirectional TVS diode D4, and a transformer U4.

[0060] The primary side of transformer U4 is electrically connected to the communication processing module through the first bidirectional TVS diode D1, the first signal terminal PA_L, and the second signal terminal PA_N. The secondary side of transformer U4 is electrically connected to the power line through the second bidirectional TVS diode D4, the A-phase live wire terminal UA, and the ground terminal GND.

[0061] Transformer U4 is used to achieve voltage regulation and electrical isolation between the communication processing module and the power line. The first bidirectional TVS diode D1 and the second bidirectional TVS diode D4 are used to achieve overvoltage protection on the primary and secondary sides of transformer U4, respectively.

[0062] It is understood that the isolation module, comprising the first bidirectional TVS diode D1, the second bidirectional TVS diode D4, and the transformer U4, is used to achieve coupling and isolation during the signal transmission phase. In other embodiments, the same isolation module may be repeatedly configured to achieve coupling and isolation during the signal reception phase.

[0063] like Figure 6 As shown, the first bidirectional TVS diode D1, the second bidirectional TVS diode D4, and the transformer U4 are integrated on the second circuit board 200.

[0064] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the communication circuit further includes a first interface module 11 and a second interface module 12 for cooperating to achieve an electrical connection.

[0065] The first interface module 11 is integrated on the first circuit board 100 and electrically connected to the optocoupler U10 in the zero-crossing detection module. The second interface module 12 is integrated on the second circuit board 200 and electrically connected to the communication processing module.

[0066] The first interface module 11 and the second interface module 12 are electrically connected via a plug-in connection. Specifically, when the first interface module 11 is a pin, the second interface module 12 is a socket; similarly, when the first interface module 11 is a socket, the second interface module 12 is a pin.

[0067] When the first interface module 11 and the second interface module 12 are electrically connected via a plug-in connection, either the first interface module 11 or the second interface module 12 can be equivalent to... Figure 7 The connector J1 is shown.

[0068] Taking the first interface module 11 as an example, refer to Figure 2 The connector J1 has a trigger terminal ZCT_C, which is electrically connected to the optocoupler U10 in the zero-crossing detection module. When the connector J1, which is the first interface module 11, is electrically connected to the second interface module 12, the optocoupler U10 in the zero-crossing detection module is electrically connected to the communication processing module, thereby realizing the transmission of the trigger signal.

[0069] Similarly, when the first circuit board 100 is used for electrical connection with the A-phase live wire in the power line, the connector J1 can also lead out an A-phase live wire terminal UA for electrical connection with the A-phase live wire. When the connector J1, which serves as the first interface module 11, is electrically connected to the second interface module 12, the electrical connection between the A-phase live wire and the second circuit board 200 is realized. This is mainly used in scenarios where the second circuit board 200 needs to be electrically connected to the A-phase live wire. Figure 5 and Figure 6The first bidirectional TVS diode D1 in the isolation module is used to electrically connect with the A-phase live wire and is integrated on the second circuit board 200. At this time, the electrical connection between the first bidirectional TVS diode D1 and the A-phase live wire can be realized based on the connector J1.

[0070] Similarly, when the first circuit board 100 is used to connect to a 3V3 working voltage, the connector J1 can also lead out a 3V3 terminal, thereby realizing the purpose of connecting the second circuit board 200 to a 3V3 working voltage. For specific details, please refer to the relevant content about the connector J1 leading out an A-phase live wire terminal UA, which will not be repeated here.

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the communication processing module includes a third circuit board 300 and a communication processing module. The communication processing module is integrated on the third circuit board 300, and the third circuit board 300 is disposed on the second circuit board 200.

[0072] The communication processing module mainly includes a communication chip and a control logic unit surrounding the communication chip. The third circuit board 300 is used to realize the electrical connection between the communication chip and the control logic unit through circuit wiring.

[0073] Since the communication processing module involves many chips and components, a separate circuit board is set up for it to facilitate later management and maintenance.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the communication circuit also includes a wireless radio frequency antenna.

[0075] The wireless radio frequency antenna is mounted on the second circuit board 200 and electrically connected to the communication processing module to realize wireless radio frequency communication.

[0076] When a wireless radio frequency antenna is provided, the communication processing module can achieve dual-mode communication, namely "power line carrier communication + wireless radio frequency communication".

[0077] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the wireless radio frequency antenna includes a spring antenna 2.

[0078] The spring antenna 2 is integrated on the second circuit board 200 and electrically connected to the communication processing module.

[0079] Among them, the spring antenna, as a specific type of wireless radio frequency antenna, has advantages such as miniaturization, multi-band compatibility, good mechanical performance, low wind resistance, easy integration, and high cost-effectiveness.

[0080] Miniaturization: Spring antennas are typically designed to be retractable or foldable, shrinking into a very small size when not in use, making them easy to carry and store. This feature makes them ideal for use in mobile devices, portable communication devices, and other similar applications.

[0081] Multi-band compatibility: Spring antennas can support multiple frequency bands by adjusting the length and structure of the spring, meeting the needs of different radio frequency communication systems (such as GSM, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.). This flexibility allows it to adapt to a variety of application scenarios.

[0082] Excellent mechanical properties: The spring structure has excellent tensile and bending resistance, maintaining stability and reliability under frequent use or external forces. Furthermore, spring antennas are typically made of durable materials (such as stainless steel or gold-plated copper), further enhancing their service life.

[0083] Low wind resistance: Compared to traditional fixed antennas, spring antennas have a more flexible structure and can maintain good communication performance in complex environments (such as those with many obstacles or inclement weather). Furthermore, spring antennas have low wind resistance when deployed, making them suitable for outdoor use or in mobile devices.

[0084] Easy to integrate: Spring antennas are typically designed to be very compact, allowing them to be easily integrated into small devices without taking up too much space or adding extra weight.

[0085] High cost-effectiveness: Due to the relatively simple structure and mature manufacturing process of spring antennas, their production costs are low. Furthermore, they have a long service life and low maintenance requirements, further reducing the total cost of ownership.

[0086] In one embodiment, the communication circuit further includes a third interface module and a fourth interface module for cooperating to achieve an electrical connection.

[0087] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The third interface module is integrated on the third circuit board 300 and electrically connected to the communication processing module. The fourth interface module is integrated on the second circuit board 200 and electrically connected to the isolation module, and is electrically connected to the zero-crossing detection module on the first circuit board 100 through the second interface module 12 and the first interface module 11.

[0088] The third and fourth interface modules are not shown in the figure. They can be located between the second circuit board 200 and the third circuit board 300. Their principle is the same as that of the first interface module 11 and the second interface module 12 described above, and they can also be electrically connected by plugging. Specifically, when the third interface module is a pin, the fourth interface module is a socket; similarly, when the third interface module is a socket, the fourth interface module is a pin.

[0089] When the third interface module and the fourth interface module are electrically connected via a plug-in connection, either the third interface module or the fourth interface module can be equivalent to... Figures 8 to 9 The connectors J2, J3, and J4 are shown.

[0090] Taking the fourth interface module as an example:

[0091] exist Figure 8 In this circuit, connector J2 has an antenna terminal ANTI, which is electrically connected to the spring antenna 2. When connector J2, as the fourth interface module, is electrically connected to the third interface module, an electrical connection is achieved between the spring antenna 2 in the second circuit board 200 and the communication processing module in the third circuit board 300. Similarly, connector J2 has a trigger terminal ZCT_C. When the second interface module 12 on the second circuit board 200 and the first interface module 11 on the first circuit board 100 are electrically connected, they are electrically connected to the optocoupler U10 in the zero-crossing detection module on the first circuit board 100. When connector J2, as the fourth interface module, is electrically connected to the third interface module, an electrical connection is achieved between the optocoupler U10 in the zero-crossing detection module on the first circuit board 100 and the communication processing module in the third circuit board 300.

[0092] exist Figure 9 In the middle, the connector J3 has a first signal terminal PA_L and a second signal terminal PA_N, which are electrically connected to the first bidirectional TVS tube D1 in the isolation module. When the connector J2, which is the fourth interface module, is electrically connected to the third interface module, the first bidirectional TVS tube D1 in the second circuit board 200 and the communication processing module in the third circuit board 300 are electrically connected.

[0093] exist Figure 10 In the middle, connector J4 has a 3V3 terminal. When the second interface module 12 on the second circuit board 200 and the first interface module 11 on the first circuit board 100 are electrically connected, they are connected to the 3V3 working voltage through the first circuit board 100. When connector J2, which is the fourth interface module, is electrically connected to the third interface module, the communication processing module in the third circuit board 300 is connected to the 3V3 working voltage.

[0094] Among them, Figures 8 to 10 In the above-mentioned terminals, all terminals are used to realize the electrical connection between the communication processing module in the third circuit board 300 and other devices on the second circuit board 200, and will not be described in detail here.

[0095] This embodiment achieves electrical connection between the third circuit board 300 and the second circuit board 200 through plug-in connection, supports quick plug-in and plug-out replacement of circuit boards with different dual-mode communication schemes, and realizes more flexible functional configuration.

[0096] Secondly, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a circuit breaker, which includes the communication circuit in any of the above embodiments.

[0097] Among them, circuit breakers can be specifically classified according to different application scenarios, such as circuit breakers in industrial control, circuit breakers in smart meters, and circuit breakers in new energy distributed power generation equipment.

[0098] Circuit breakers in industrial control: In industrial automation scenarios, circuit breakers need to integrate communication functions to achieve remote monitoring. A similar communication circuit design is adopted, separating low-voltage and high-voltage circuits, embedding carrier communication modules inside the circuit breaker, and supporting the replacement of different protocol chips or modules through standardized plug-in interfaces to meet the communication requirements of industrial buses such as Modbus and CANopen. Meanwhile, independent antenna wiring can avoid electromagnetic interference in the industrial environment.

[0099] Circuit breakers in smart meters: Smart meters have high requirements for size and anti-interference capabilities. Adopting a similar communication circuit design, separating the low-voltage and high-voltage circuits, can reduce module size. Furthermore, by synchronizing the grid signal through a zero-crossing detection circuit, the stability of carrier communication in complex grid environments is improved, making it suitable for bidirectional data transmission in smart grids.

[0100] Circuit breakers in new energy distributed generation equipment, such as small wind power inverters and energy storage system circuit breakers, adopt similar communication circuit designs, separating the weak current and strong current layouts, and using plug-and-play dual-mode chips or modules to support different communication protocols (such as IEC 61850, MQTT) to meet the communication needs of new energy power grids. At the same time, independent antenna wiring can avoid high-frequency switching signals of the inverter.

[0101] The communication circuit included in the circuit breaker allows for the division of high-voltage and low-voltage modules involved in power line carrier communication, with corresponding first and second circuit boards installed on each. The first circuit board houses a zero-crossing detection module (for high-voltage modules), while the second circuit board houses a communication processing module (for low-voltage modules). The isolation module for achieving electrical isolation between high-voltage and low-voltage modules can be installed on either the first or second circuit board. Firstly, implementing the power line carrier communication scheme using two circuit boards reduces the size of a single circuit board, allowing for better adaptation to the corresponding external housing. Furthermore, the two circuit boards provide physical isolation in the wiring, reducing wiring interference and improving communication reliability.

[0102] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the detailed descriptions of other embodiments above, which will not be repeated here.

[0103] The communication circuit and circuit breaker provided by this utility model have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0104] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A communication circuit, characterized in that, The communication circuit includes a first circuit board (100), a second circuit board (200), a communication processing module, an isolation module, and a zero-crossing detection module; The zero-crossing detection module is disposed on the first circuit board (100), the communication processing module is disposed on the second circuit board (200), and the isolation module is disposed on the first circuit board (100) or the second circuit board (200). The communication processing module is electrically connected to the isolation module and the zero-crossing detection module, respectively. The isolation module and the zero-crossing detection module are respectively used to be electrically connected to the power line to realize power line carrier communication.

2. The communication circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zero-crossing detection module includes a resistor (R71), a three-terminal reference source (U9), and an optocoupler (U10); The first end of the resistor (R71) is used to be electrically connected to the neutral wire of the power line, the second end of the resistor (R71) is electrically connected to the reference electrode of the three-terminal reference source (U9), the anode of the three-terminal reference source (U9) is electrically connected to the input end of the light-emitting part of the optocoupler (U10) and is used to be electrically connected to the live wire of the power line, the cathode of the three-terminal reference source (U9) is electrically connected to the output end of the light-emitting part of the optocoupler (U10), the input end of the photosensitive part of the optocoupler (U10) is used to connect to the working voltage, and the output end of the photosensitive part of the optocoupler (U10) is electrically connected to the communication processing module; The first circuit board (100) includes a first side (101) and a second side (102) arranged opposite to each other. The resistor (R71) and the three-terminal reference source (U9) are integrated on the first side (101) of the first circuit board (100), and the optocoupler (U10) is integrated on the second side (102) of the first circuit board (100).

3. The communication circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The resistor (R71) and the three-terminal reference source (U9) are integrated in a first region on a first surface (101) of the first circuit board (100), and the optocoupler (U10) is integrated in a second region on a second surface (102) of the first circuit board (100). The first region and the second region coincide in the thickness direction of the first circuit board (100).

4. The communication circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation module includes a first bidirectional TVS diode (D1), a second bidirectional TVS diode (D4), and a transformer (U4); The primary side of the transformer (U4) is electrically connected to the communication processing module through the first bidirectional TVS tube (D1), and the secondary side of the transformer (U4) is electrically connected to the power line through the second bidirectional TVS tube (D4). The first bidirectional TVS diode (D1), the second bidirectional TVS diode (D4), and the transformer (U4) are integrated on the second circuit board (200).

5. The communication circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication circuit also includes a first interface module (11) and a second interface module (12) for cooperating to realize electrical connection; The first interface module (11) is integrated on the first circuit board (100) and electrically connected to the zero-crossing detection module, and the second interface module (12) is integrated on the second circuit board (200) and electrically connected to the communication processing module.

6. The communication circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication processing module includes a third circuit board (300) and a communication processing module; The communication processing module is integrated on the third circuit board (300), which is located on the second circuit board (200).

7. The communication circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The communication circuit also includes a third interface module and a fourth interface module for cooperating to realize electrical connection; The third interface module is integrated on the third circuit board (300) and electrically connected to the communication processing module. The fourth interface module is integrated on the second circuit board (200) and electrically connected to the isolation module and the zero-crossing detection module, respectively.

8. The communication circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication circuit also includes a wireless radio frequency antenna; The wireless radio frequency antenna is deployed on the second circuit board (200) and electrically connected to the communication processing module to realize wireless radio frequency communication.

9. The communication circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The wireless radio frequency antenna includes a spring antenna (2); The spring antenna (2) is integrated on the second circuit board (200) and electrically connected to the communication processing module.

10. A circuit breaker, characterized in that, The circuit breaker includes the communication circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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