Straw covering and returning to field under the condition of corn seedling stage layered subsoiling and topdressing integrated machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of corn seedling stage layering subsoiling topdressing integrated machines under straw mulching and returning to field condition, mainly including rack, cutting disc store, cutting device, straight shovel component, mouse path shovel component, fertilizing device, the cutting device every group three are installed in the lower front end of rack by cutting disc store, the straight shovel component is installed in the lower middle end of rack, the mouse path shovel component is installed in the lower rear end of rack, the fertilizing device is installed in the upper of rack, the utility model is first to the surface layer soil in a certain range during operation Cutting breaks, then by fertilizing device, straight shovel component and mouse path shovel component to soil is layered subsoiling and fertilization, increase the depth of subsoiling, while, different depth fertilization is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an integrated machine for layered deep loosening and topdressing of corn seedlings under the condition of straw mulching and returning to the field. Background Technology

[0002] Deep tillage is one of the simplest and most effective measures to solve the problem of compacted farmland. It has been widely promoted and applied in the black soil region of Northeast China, especially in the last two years, with more farmers recognizing and adopting it during the seedling stage. However, the market now offers a wide variety of deep tillage machines, and many models suffer from problems such as dragging piles and poor permeability, particularly under straw mulch conditions. Furthermore, in some compacted fields, tractor drivers find it difficult to drive in a straight line during deep tillage, making it easy for the soil-breaking and compacting devices at the rear of some machines to damage seedlings during the seedling stage. In particular, the fertilization devices on existing deep tillage machines tend to apply fertilizer at the same depth during deep tillage, which is insufficient to meet the root growth space requirements of crops, resulting in unsatisfactory fertilization effects and low fertilizer utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems with the machinery, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a corn seedling stage layered deep tillage and topdressing integrated machine under straw mulching and returning conditions, comprising a frame, a cutting disc, a soil cutting device, a cutting disc connecting plate, a straight shovel component, a rat-path shovel component, a shovel connecting plate, and a fertilizer application device. Each group has three soil cutting devices, totaling two groups, all installed below the front end of the frame via the cutting disc and the cutting disc connecting plate. When installing each group of three soil cutting devices, the left and right soil cutting devices are in front, and the middle soil cutting device is in the back, forming a staggered structure after installation. The height of the soil cutting devices can be adjusted by coordinating the corresponding holes in the cutting disc and the cutting disc. Both straight shovel components are installed below the middle of the frame via the shovel connecting plate, and both rat-path shovel components are installed below the rear end of the frame via the shovel connecting plate. The fertilizer application device is installed above the frame.

[0004] Furthermore, the frame includes a main beam, lower suspension plates, reinforcing ribs, side beams, intermediate beams, vertical beams, traction beams, suspension beams, upper suspension plates, upright beams, and reinforcing beams. Two main beams and two side beams are welded together, two intermediate beams are welded between two side beams, two vertical beams are welded between a second intermediate beam and a second main beam, the reinforcing beam is welded between the first main beam and the first intermediate beam, two upright beams are welded to the first main beam, the suspension beam is welded to the two upright beams, one end of each of the two traction beams is welded to the suspension beam, and the other end is welded to the second main beam, four lower suspension plates are welded to the first main beam, four reinforcing ribs are welded between the lower suspension plates and the first main beam, and two upper suspension plates are welded to the suspension beam.

[0005] Furthermore, the cutting tray storage includes a cutting tray connecting plate and a height adjusting tube, the height adjusting tube being welded to the cutting tray connecting plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the soil cutting device includes an installation beam, a shock absorber, a cutting disc, a scraper blade, a small connecting plate, a support plate, and a depth limiting wheel. The support plate is bolted to the installation beam. The depth limiting wheel passes through the cutting disc and is fitted onto the support plate, and is bolted to the small connecting plate. The scraper blade is screwed to the small connecting plate. One end of the shock absorber is bolted to the installation beam, and the other end is bolted to the small connecting plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the shock absorption device includes a perforated plate, a circular plate, a circular hole plate, a telescopic plate, a movable plate, a small shaft, and a spring. Two of the perforated plates are welded to the circular plate, and two of the circular hole plates are welded to the other side of the circular plate. The telescopic plate is located between the two circular hole plates. The small shaft passes through the corresponding hole in the telescopic plate and the elongated hole in the two circular hole plates, allowing the telescopic plate and the small shaft to move back and forth along the circular hole plates. The spring is sleeved on the two circular hole plates. After the square hole of the movable plate passes through the telescopic plate, it is fixed by the small shaft passing through its square groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the straight shovel component includes a shovel connecting plate, a straight shovel mounting plate, a fertilizer pipe, a straight shovel, a shovel bottom, a shovel tip, a cutting guard plate, and pins. Two straight shovel mounting plates are welded to the bottom of the shovel connecting plate. The straight shovel is installed together with the two straight shovel mounting plates by bolts. After the hole in the shovel bottom passes through the lower end of the straight shovel, it is fixed to it by two pins. After the shovel tip is fitted onto the front end of the shovel bottom, it is also fixed to it by pins. The cutting guard plate is installed at the front end of the straight shovel and fixed to it by three pins. The fertilizer pipe is welded to the rear end of the straight shovel.

[0009] Furthermore, the rat trail shovel component includes a shovel connecting plate, a rat trail shovel mounting plate, a fertilizer pipe, a rat trail shovel, and a rat trail shovel tip. Two rat trail shovel mounting plates are welded to the bottom of the shovel connecting plate. The rat trail shovel is installed between the two rat trail shovel mounting plates by bolts. The fertilizer pipe is welded to the rear end of the rat trail shovel, and the rat trail shovel tip is welded to the front tip of the rat trail shovel.

[0010] Furthermore, the fertilization device includes a fertilizer tank, fertilizer tank side plates, hoses, and fertilizer dispensers. The two fertilizer tank side plates are welded to the left and right sides of the fertilizer tank respectively, and the four fertilizer dispensers are installed at the bottom of the fertilizer tank by screws. The four hoses are installed on the four fertilizer dispensers respectively.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] This utility model discloses a layered deep tillage and topdressing machine for corn seedlings under straw mulching conditions. Three cutting discs are installed at the front of the deep tillage component to cut the straw covering the ground, thus improving the machine's permeability and effectively preventing straw "piling." Furthermore, the three staggered cutting devices in each group cut and break up the surface soil within a certain range, preventing large clods from being stirred up during deep tillage by the straight shovel and rat-path shovel components. This eliminates the need for additional soil compaction devices, avoiding seedling damage caused by the difficulty of straight-line operation for tractor drivers. Thirdly, the layered deep tillage and fertilization using the two different types of straight shovel and rat-path shovel components increases the depth of deep tillage and allows fertilizer to be applied to different soil layers, promoting root development and better meeting the corn's fertilizer needs. Additionally, the unique rat-path shovel tip of the rat-path shovel component can construct a rat-path structure in the deeper soil layers, significantly enhancing the soil's water retention capacity. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the 45° axial side structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model after the fertilizer application device has been removed;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting tray storage of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the soil cutting device of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shock-absorbing device of this utility model after the spring is removed;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the straight shovel component of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rat trail shovel component of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilization device of this utility model;

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Frame, 2. Cutting disc storage, 3. Soil cutting device, 4. Cutting disc connecting plate, 5. Straight shovel component, 6. Rat path shovel component, 7. Shovel connecting plate, 8. Fertilizer applicator, 101. Main beam, 102. Lower suspension plate, 103. Reinforcing rib, 104. Side beam, 105. Intermediate beam, 106. Vertical beam, 107. Traction beam, 108. Suspension beam, 109. Upper suspension plate, 110. Vertical beam, 111. Reinforcing beam, 201. Height adjustment pipe, 301. Mounting beam, 302. Shock absorber, 303. Cutting disc, 304. Scraper blade, 305. Small connecting plate, 3 06. Support plate; 307. Depth limiting wheel; 30201. Perforated plate; 30202. Round plate; 30203. Round hole plate; 30204. Telescopic plate; 30205. Movable plate; 30206. Small shaft; 30207. Spring; 501. Straight shovel mounting plate; 502. Lower fertilizer pipe; 503. Straight shovel; 504. Shovel bottom; 505. Shovel tip; 506. Soil cutting guard plate; 507. Pin; 601. Rat tunnel shovel mounting plate; 602. Rat tunnel shovel; 603. Rat tunnel shovel tip; 801. Fertilizer box; 802. Fertilizer box side plate; 803. Hose; 804. Fertilizer discharge device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a layered deep tillage and topdressing integrated machine for corn seedlings under straw mulching and returning to the field includes a frame 1, a cutting disc 2, a soil cutting device 3, a cutting disc connecting plate 4, a straight shovel component 5, a rat-path shovel component 6, a shovel connecting plate 7, and a fertilizer application device 8. Each group has three soil cutting devices 3, totaling two groups, all installed below the front end of the frame 1 via the cutting disc 2 and the cutting disc connecting plate 4. During installation, the two left and right soil cutting devices 3 in each group are in front, and the middle soil cutting device 3 is in the back, forming a staggered structure after installation. The height of the soil cutting device 3 can be adjusted by coordinating the corresponding holes of the soil cutting device 3 and the cutting disc 2. The two straight shovel components 5 are installed below the middle of the frame 1 via the shovel connecting plate 7, the two rat-path shovel components 6 are installed below the rear end of the frame 1 via the shovel connecting plate 7, and the fertilizer application device 8 is installed above the frame 1.

[0026] like Figure 4As shown, the frame 1 includes a main beam 101, a lower suspension plate 102, reinforcing ribs 103, side beams 104, intermediate beams 105, vertical beams 106, a traction beam 107, a suspension beam 108, an upper suspension plate 109, upright beams 110, and reinforcing beams 111. Two main beams 101 and two side beams 104 are welded together to form a rectangular frame. Two intermediate beams 105 are welded between two side beams 104 and are arranged parallel to the main beams 101. Two vertical beams 106 are welded between a second intermediate beam 105 and a second main beam 101. The reinforcing beams 111 are welded to the first main beam. Between 101 and the first intermediate beam 105, two vertical beams 110 are welded to the first main beam 101 and are spatially perpendicular to the main beam 101. The suspension beam 108 is welded to the two vertical beams 110. One end of each of the two traction beams 107 is welded to the suspension beam 108, and the other end is welded to the second main beam 101. Four lower suspension plates 102 are welded to the first main beam 101. Four reinforcing ribs 103 are welded between the lower suspension plates 102 and the first main beam 101. Two upper suspension plates 109 are welded to the suspension beam 108.

[0027] like Figure 5 As shown, the cutting tray 2 includes a cutting tray connecting plate 4 and a height adjusting pipe 201. The height adjusting pipe 201 is welded to the cutting tray connecting plate 4 and has multiple adjustment holes.

[0028] like Figure 6 As shown, the soil cutting device 3 includes a mounting beam 301, a shock-absorbing device 302, a cutting disc 303, a scraper blade 304, a small connecting plate 305, a support plate 306, and a depth-limiting wheel 307. The support plate 306 is bolted to the mounting beam 301. The depth-limiting wheel 307 passes through the cutting disc 303 and is sleeved on the support plate 306, and is bolted to the small connecting plate 305. The scraper blade 304 is screwed to the small connecting plate 305 and is located near the outer edge of the cutting disc 303. One end of the shock-absorbing device 302 is bolted to the mounting beam 301, and the other end is bolted to the small connecting plate 305.

[0029] like Figure 7As shown, the shock absorption device 302 includes a perforated plate 30201, a circular plate 30202, a perforated plate 30203, a telescopic plate 30204, a movable plate 30205, a small shaft 30206, and a spring 30207. Two parallel perforated plates 30201 are welded to one side of the circular plate 30202, and two parallel perforated plates 30203 are welded to the other side of the circular plate 30202. The telescopic plate 30204 is located on the other side of the circular plate 30202. Between the circular hole plates 30203, the small shaft 30206 passes through the corresponding hole of the telescopic plate 30204 and the elongated hole of the two circular hole plates 30203, so that the telescopic plate 30204 and the small shaft 30206 can move back and forth along the circular hole plates 30203. The spring 30207 is sleeved on the two circular hole plates 30203. After the square hole of the movable plate 30205 passes through the telescopic plate 30204, it is fixed by passing through its square groove through the connecting shaft.

[0030] like Figure 8 As shown, the straight shovel component 5 includes a shovel connecting plate 7, a straight shovel mounting plate 501, a fertilizer pipe 502, a straight shovel 503, a shovel bottom 504, a shovel tip 505, a soil cutting guard plate 506, and pins 507. Two parallel straight shovel mounting plates 501 are welded to the bottom of the shovel connecting plate 7. The upper end of the straight shovel 503 is bolted to the two straight shovel mounting plates 501. The hole of the shovel bottom 504 passes through the lower end of the straight shovel 503 and is fixed to it by two pins 507. The shovel tip 505 is fitted onto the front end of the shovel bottom 504 and is fixed to it by pins 507. The soil cutting guard plate 506 is installed at the front end of the straight shovel 503 and fixed to it by three pins 507. The fertilizer pipe 502 of the straight shovel component 5 is welded to the rear end of the straight shovel 503.

[0031] like Figure 9 As shown, the rat trail shovel component 6 includes a shovel connecting plate 7, a rat trail shovel mounting plate 601, a fertilizer pipe 502, a rat trail shovel 602, and a rat trail shovel tip 603. The two rat trail shovel mounting plates 601 are welded to the bottom of the shovel connecting plate 7. The rat trail shovel 602 is installed between the two rat trail shovel mounting plates 601 by bolts. The fertilizer pipe 502 of the rat trail shovel component 6 is welded to the rear end of the rat trail shovel 602, and the rat trail shovel tip 603 is welded to the front tip of the rat trail shovel 602.

[0032] like Figure 10 As shown, the fertilization device 8 includes a fertilizer tank 801, fertilizer tank side plates 802, hoses 803, and fertilizer dischargers 804. The two fertilizer tank side plates 802 are welded to the left and right sides of the fertilizer tank 801, respectively. The four fertilizer dischargers 804 are installed below the fertilizer tank 801 by screws. The four hoses 803 are installed on the four fertilizer dischargers 804, and the fertilizer dischargers 804 deliver fertilizer into the lower fertilizer pipe 502 through the hoses 803.

[0033] The specific working method is described below using specific embodiments:

[0034] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a layered deep tillage and topdressing machine for corn seedlings under straw mulching conditions is connected to the rear suspension of a tractor via an upper suspension plate 109 and a lower suspension plate 102. It operates by relying on the tractor's power. Each group of three interleaved cutting discs 303 cuts and crushes the soil and straw within a certain range, improving the machine's passability and preventing the formation of large clods of soil on the surface after the subsequent operation of the straight shovel component 5 and the rat-path shovel component 6. The depth-limiting wheel 307 effectively controls the cutting depth of the cutting discs 303. The shock-absorbing device 302 effectively absorbs shocks when the cutting discs 303 encounter hard objects such as stones, preventing damage to the discs 303. The interleaved arrangement of the three cutting discs 303 in each group also prevents clogging when encountering corn straw. Subsequently, the straight shovel component 5 performs shallow loosening and fertilization of the soil. The cutting guard plate 505 can easily cut the soil and is easy to replace after damage. The shovel 502 can be well protected. The shovel bottom 503 and shovel tip 504 can expand the loosening range and are easy to disassemble and replace. Finally, the rat tunnel shovel component 6 can perform deep loosening and fertilization on the position after the operation of the shovel component 5. During operation, the rat tunnel shovel tip 604 can construct a soil rat tunnel structure that retains water and moisture. The operation of the rat tunnel shovel component 6 can not only increase the depth of deep loosening and fertilization, but also avoid the problem of damage due to excessive force when the deep loosening is too deep. In addition, the fertilizer pipe 502 included in both the shovel component 5 and the rat tunnel shovel component 6 is connected to the hose 803. The fertilizer in the fertilizer box 801 can be applied to the field through the fertilizer discharge device 804 and the hose 803, and then through the fertilizer pipe 502. This allows the above scheme to carry out deep loosening after the autumn corn harvest and to carry out inter-row deep loosening and topdressing during the corn seedling stage. Moreover, since the deep loosening and fertilization are carried out at different depths, it can further promote the deep root system of corn, which is conducive to increasing corn yield.

[0035] The above technical solutions constitute the preferred embodiment of this utility model. Any technical solutions adopted by those skilled in the art without substantial improvements shall fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A layered deep tillage and topdressing machine for corn seedlings under straw mulching and returning conditions, characterized in that: The system includes a frame (1), a cutting disc storage (2), a soil cutting device (3), a cutting disc connecting plate (4), a straight shovel component (5), a rat-path shovel component (6), a shovel connecting plate (7), and a fertilizer application device (8). Each group has three soil cutting devices (3), and there are two groups in total. They are installed below the front end of the frame (1) through the cutting disc storage (2) and the cutting disc connecting plate (4). When installing the three soil cutting devices (3) in each group, the two left and right soil cutting devices (3) are in front and the middle soil cutting device (3) is in the back. After installation, they form a staggered structure. The height of the soil cutting device (3) is adjusted by matching the corresponding holes of the soil cutting device (3) and the cutting disc storage (2). The two straight shovel components (5) are installed below the middle of the frame (1) through the shovel connecting plate (7). The two rat-path shovel components (6) are installed below the rear end of the frame (1) through the shovel connecting plate (7). The fertilizer application device (8) is installed above the frame (1).

2. The integrated machine for layered deep tillage and topdressing of corn seedlings under straw mulching and returning conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The soil cutting device (3) includes an installation beam (301), a shock absorber (302), a cutting disc (303), a scraper blade (304), a small connecting plate (305), a support plate (306), and a depth limiting wheel (307). The support plate (306) is bolted to the installation beam (301). The depth limiting wheel (307) passes through the cutting disc (303) and is fitted onto the support plate (306), and is bolted to the small connecting plate (305). The scraper blade (304) is screwed to the small connecting plate (305). One end of the shock absorber (302) is bolted to the installation beam (301), and the other end is bolted to the small connecting plate (305).

3. The integrated machine for layered deep tillage and topdressing of corn seedlings under straw mulching and returning conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The straight shovel component (5) includes a shovel connecting plate (7), a straight shovel mounting plate (501), a lower fertilizer pipe (502), a straight shovel (503), a shovel bottom (504), a shovel tip (505), a soil cutting guard plate (506), and a pin (507). Two straight shovel mounting plates (501) are welded to the bottom of the shovel connecting plate (7). The straight shovel (503) is bolted to the two straight shovel mounting plates (501). The hole in the shovel bottom (504)... After passing through the lower end of the straight shovel (503), it is fixed to it by two pins (507). The shovel tip (505) is sleeved on the front end of the shovel bottom (504) and then fixed to it by pins (507). The soil cutting guard plate (506) is installed on the front end of the straight shovel (503) and fixed to it by three pins (507). The lower fertilizer pipe (502) of the straight shovel component (5) is welded to the rear end of the straight shovel (503).

4. The integrated machine for layered deep tillage and topdressing of corn seedlings under straw mulching and returning conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rat trail shovel component (6) includes a shovel connecting plate (7), a rat trail shovel mounting plate (601), a fertilizer pipe (502), a rat trail shovel (602), and a rat trail shovel tip (603). The two rat trail shovel mounting plates (601) are welded to the bottom of the shovel connecting plate (7). The rat trail shovel (602) is installed between the two rat trail shovel mounting plates (601) by bolts. The fertilizer pipe (502) of the rat trail shovel component (6) is welded to the rear end of the rat trail shovel (602), and the rat trail shovel tip (603) is welded to the front tip of the rat trail shovel (602).

5. The integrated machine for layered deep tillage and topdressing of corn seedlings under straw mulching and returning conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization device (8) includes a fertilizer tank (801), fertilizer tank side plates (802), hoses (803), and fertilizer dispensers (804). The two fertilizer tank side plates (802) are welded to the left and right sides of the fertilizer tank (801) respectively. The four fertilizer dispensers (804) are installed below the fertilizer tank (801) by screws. The four hoses (803) are installed on the four fertilizer dispensers (804) respectively. The fertilizer dispensers (804) deliver fertilizer into the lower fertilizer pipe (502) through the hoses (803).

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