A rectifying column tray and rectifying column

Abstract

The utility model relates to chemical separation equipment technical field discloses a rectifying column tray and rectifying column. Tray includes the board body and overflow weir, and the board body top is equipped with the air cavity, and the air cavity bottom intercommunication inlet channel, and the bottom passes through the board body and is equipped with the air outlet channel. The rectifying column includes the tower body, sets up the tray mechanism and the anti-liquid flooding mechanism in the tower body in tray mechanism. Anti-liquid flooding mechanism includes the valve body, and the piston is slidably arranged in the valve body, and the piston is connected with the connecting rod that can extend the valve body, and the valve body is equipped with the spring of abutting the piston still, and the valve body is communicated with the tray mechanism through the liquid inlet pipe, and is communicated with the liquid discharge pipe through the liquid outlet pipe. The utility model discloses a gas cavity is set up in the tray bottom, and the pre-distribution is carried out to the gas, solves the problem that the gas distribution is uneven, improves the mass transfer efficiency, sets up the anti-liquid flooding mechanism of liquid static pressure automatic triggering, solves the liquid flooding problem, guarantees the stable operation, and realizes the state monitoring through the connecting rod, strengthens the security.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chemical separation equipment technology, and in particular to a distillation column tray and a distillation column. Background Technology

[0002] Distillation columns are key equipment for substance separation in the chemical industry, and their core function relies on the trays installed inside the column. The trays provide a platform for contact between the gas and liquid phases, allowing for sufficient mass and heat transfer between the two phases. This is the core component that determines the separation efficiency of the entire distillation process.

[0003] In traditional distillation columns, such as sieve trays, the working principle is to allow the rising gas phase to pass directly through multiple openings on the tray, bubbling through the liquid layer above the tray as bubbles, thus achieving gas-liquid contact. The mass transfer effect of this structure largely depends on the kinetic energy and flow rate stability of the gas phase.

[0004] However, in actual production operations, the gas flow rate is often not constant and uniform due to fluctuations in operating conditions or load adjustments. When the gas velocity is low or unstable, the rising gas tends to form an uneven distribution on the tray, which easily leads to the phenomenon of "gas flow short circuit," that is, a large amount of gas concentrates through certain areas, while "mass transfer dead zones" with poor gas-liquid contact are formed in other areas.

[0005] This uneven gas distribution significantly reduces the effective mass transfer area on the trays, resulting in insufficient contact between the gas and liquid phases. This, in turn, significantly reduces the mass transfer efficiency of the trays, ultimately affecting the separation performance and production capacity of the entire distillation column.

[0006] Therefore, this utility model proposes a distillation column tray and a distillation column to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the distillation column trays, such as uneven gas distribution, insufficient gas-liquid contact, low mass transfer efficiency, easy flooding during operation, and lack of automatic protection and status monitoring devices, this utility model aims to provide a distillation column tray and distillation column with improved structure that can effectively solve the above problems.

[0008] This utility model provides a distillation column tray, including: a plate body and an overflow weir fixedly connected to one side of the plate body; a gas cavity is provided at the top of the plate body; wherein, the bottom of the gas cavity penetrates the plate body and is connected to multiple gas inlet channels, and the bottom of the gas cavity is provided with multiple gas outlet channels.

[0009] This utility model also provides a distillation column, including: a column body, and a plurality of trays horizontally arranged within the column body; the distillation column further includes an anti-flooding mechanism. The anti-flooding mechanism includes a plurality of valve bodies, a piston slidably disposed within each valve body, and a spring also disposed within the valve body, one end of the spring abutting against the piston and the other end abutting against the inner wall of the valve body. Furthermore, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the piston, one end of the connecting rod extending out of the valve body; an inlet pipe is connected to the valve body, the other end of the inlet pipe being connected to the tray mechanism; and an outlet pipe is also connected to the valve body, which is connected to a drain pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the tray mechanism includes a plate and an overflow weir fixedly connected to one side of the plate; an air chamber is provided at the top of the plate; an air inlet channel is connected through the bottom of the air chamber through the plate, and an air outlet channel is provided at the bottom of the air chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the connection between the inlet pipe and the valve body is opposite one end of the piston, and the spring acts on the other end of the piston.

[0012] Preferably, the drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the tower body.

[0013] Preferably, the tower body is provided with a feed inlet.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the tower body is connected to pipe one and pipe two, and the top of the tower body is connected to pipe three and pipe four.

[0015] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This utility model solves the problems of uneven gas distribution and insufficient gas-liquid contact in the prior art by setting a gas cavity above the tray and allowing gas to enter the gas cavity through the gas inlet channel and then enter the liquid layer through the gas outlet channel. This achieves the technical effects of making the gas-liquid contact more uniform, increasing the mass transfer area, and improving the distillation mass transfer efficiency.

[0017] 2. This utility model solves the problem of flooding in existing distillation columns and the lack of effective automatic protection by setting up an anti-flooding mechanism connected to the tray. The mechanism uses the static pressure of the liquid to automatically drive the piston to open the drainage passage, thus solving the problem of flooding in existing distillation columns and the lack of effective automatic protection. It achieves the technical effect of automatically and quickly draining excess liquid when the liquid level is abnormal, preventing flooding, and ensuring the stable operation of the distillation process.

[0018] 3. This utility model solves the problem of difficulty in real-time monitoring of abnormal operating conditions inside the tower by connecting a connecting rod that extends out of the valve body to the piston of the anti-flooding mechanism. This allows operators to directly determine whether the anti-flooding mechanism has been activated by observing the status of the connecting rod, thereby gaining timely understanding of the tower's operating conditions and enhancing the safety and monitorability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a distillation column tray and a distillation column according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distillation column tray and a distillation column body according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distillation column tray and the tray mechanism of the distillation column proposed in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distillation column tray and a flood prevention mechanism for the distillation column proposed in this utility model.

[0023] Legend:

[0024] 1. Tower body; 2. Feed inlet;

[0025] 3. Tray mechanism; 31. Plate; 32. Overflow weir; 33. Inlet channel; 34. Air chamber; 35. Outlet channel;

[0026] 4. Pipeline 1; 5. Pipeline 2; 6. Pipeline 3; 7. Pipeline 4;

[0027] 8. Anti-flooding mechanism; 81. Inlet pipe; 82. Valve body; 83. Piston; 84. Spring; 85. Connecting rod; 86. Outlet pipe; 87. Drain pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0029] Example:

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This utility model provides a distillation column tray and a distillation column, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art where uneven gas distribution in the distillation column tray leads to low mass transfer efficiency, and where flooding is prone to occur during operation and there is a lack of automatic protection and status monitoring devices.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the distillation column includes a column body 1 and multiple tray structures 3 horizontally arranged inside the column body 1. The column body 1 serves as the main container for the distillation process, and the tray structures 3 are used to realize the contact and mass transfer process between the gas phase and the liquid phase. The column body 1 is provided with a feed inlet 2. The bottom of the column body 1 is connected to pipe 1 4 and pipe 2 5, and the top of the column body 1 is connected to pipe 3 6 and pipe 4 7. The distillation column also includes an anti-flooding mechanism 8, which is located outside the column body 1 and is connected to the tray structures 3 through a liquid inlet pipe 81.

[0032] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The anti-flooding mechanism 8 includes a valve body 82, within which a piston 83 is slidably mounted. A spring 84 is also installed inside the valve body 82, with one end of the spring 84 abutting against the piston 83 and the other end abutting against the inner wall of the valve body 82, thus providing a restoring force to the piston 83. A connecting rod 85 is fixedly connected to the piston 83, with one end of the connecting rod 85 extending out of the valve body 82 to visually indicate the current position of the piston 83. An inlet pipe 81 is connected to the valve body 82, with the other end of the inlet pipe 81 connected to the tray mechanism 3. The connection between the inlet pipe 81 and the valve body 82 is directly opposite one end of the piston 83, allowing excess liquid pressure from the tray mechanism 3 to act directly on the piston 83. The valve body 82 is also connected to an outlet pipe 86, which is connected to a drain pipe 87, which is connected to the bottom of the tower body 1. This structure ensures that when the liquid level on the tray mechanism 3 is too high, the liquid pressure pushes the piston 83 to compress the spring 84, thereby opening the drain passage and automatically discharging excess liquid, thus preventing flooding.

[0033] The tray mechanism 3 includes a plate 31 and an overflow weir 32 fixedly connected to one side of the plate 31. A gas cavity 34 is provided at the top of the plate 31, and multiple air inlet channels 33 are connected through the bottom of the gas cavity 34 through the plate 31. Multiple air outlet channels 35 are provided at the bottom of the gas cavity 34. This structure with a gas cavity 34 allows the gas rising from the bottom of the tower 1 to first enter the gas cavity 34 for buffering and pressure homogenization, and then enter the liquid layer above the plate 31 relatively evenly through the air outlet channels 35. This achieves gas pre-distribution, increases the uniformity and effective area of ​​gas-liquid contact, and thus improves mass transfer efficiency.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the connection point between the liquid inlet pipe 81 and the valve body 82 is directly opposite one end of the piston 83, and the spring 84 acts on the other end of the piston 83, thereby forming a structural layout of direct pressure action and reverse support, and the liquid outlet pipe 87 is connected to the bottom of the tower body 1.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the tower body 1 is provided with a feed inlet 2 for adding raw materials, and the bottom of the tower body 1 is connected to pipe 1 4 and pipe 2 5; the top of the tower body 1 is connected to pipe 3 6 and pipe 4 7.

[0036] The working principle is as follows:

[0037] The raw material liquid enters from the feed inlet 2 in the middle of the tower body 1, falls layer by layer under the action of gravity, flows through each tray mechanism 3, and finally collects at the bottom of the tower body 1; the liquid at the bottom of the tower is sent out for heating through pipe 1 4, and the generated gas phase returns to the bottom of the tower body 1 through pipe 2 5; the gas phase flows from bottom to top in the tower body 1, and when passing through each tray mechanism 3, it has sufficient countercurrent contact mass transfer with the liquid phase flowing from top to bottom; the gas phase that has completed mass transfer is discharged from pipe 3 6 at the top of the tower body 1, and part of the condensed liquid is used as product, and the other part is returned to the top of the tower as reflux liquid through pipe 4 7 to continue to participate in the reaction.

[0038] On the tray structure 3, the rising gas first enters the gas cavity 34 at the top of the tray 31 through the gas inlet channel 33. The structure of the gas cavity 34 allows the gas to be buffered and pre-distributed here, and the pressure tends to be uniform. Then the gas enters the liquid layer above the tray 31 in a more uniform manner through multiple gas outlet channels 35. This structure significantly improves the contact effect between the gas and liquid phases, increases the effective mass transfer area, and thus improves the distillation efficiency. The liquid layer height on the tray 31 is controlled by the height of the overflow weir 32. When the liquid level exceeds the overflow weir 32, the liquid will overflow and flow to the next tray.

[0039] When an abnormal condition occurs on the tray mechanism 3, causing the liquid level to be too high, excess liquid will flow into the inlet pipe 81 connected to the tray mechanism 3 and generate static pressure on the piston 83 in the valve body 82. When the pressure is sufficient to overcome the preload of the spring 84, the piston 83 is pushed upward, opening the drainage passage formed by the outlet pipe 86 and the drain pipe 87. The excess liquid is then quickly discharged to the bottom of the tower body 1, and the liquid level on the tray drops rapidly, thereby automatically eliminating the risk of flooding. When the liquid level returns to normal, the liquid pressure acting on the piston 83 disappears, and the elastic force of the spring 84 pushes the piston 83 to reset, closing the drainage passage. At the same time, the operator can observe the position of the connecting rod 85 extending outside the valve body 82 to determine whether the flooding prevention mechanism 8 has been triggered and to understand the operating status inside the tower in a timely manner.

Claims

1. A distillation column tray, comprising a plate body (31) and an overflow weir (32) fixedly connected to one side of the plate body (31); Its features are, The top of the plate (31) is provided with an air cavity (34), the bottom of the air cavity (34) penetrates the plate (31) and is connected to an air inlet channel (33), and the bottom of the air cavity (34) is provided with an air outlet channel (35).

2. A distillation column with a tray top as described in claim 1, comprising a column body (1) and a plurality of tray mechanisms (3) horizontally disposed within the column body (1). Its features are, The distillation column also includes a flood prevention mechanism (8), which includes multiple valve bodies (82). A piston (83) is slidably disposed inside the valve body (82), and a spring (84) is also disposed inside the valve body (82). One end of the spring (84) abuts against the piston (83), and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the valve body (82). A connecting rod (85) is fixedly connected to the piston (83), and one end of the connecting rod (85) extends out of the valve body (82). The valve body (82) is connected to an inlet pipe (81), and the other end of the inlet pipe (81) is connected to the tray mechanism (3); The valve body (82) is also connected to a liquid outlet pipe (86), which is connected to a drain pipe (87).

3. The distillation column according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connection between the inlet pipe (81) and the valve body (82) is directly opposite one end of the piston (83), and the spring (84) acts on the other end of the piston (83).

4. The distillation column according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drain pipe (87) is connected to the bottom of the tower body (1).

5. The distillation column according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tray mechanism (3) is the distillation column tray as described in claim 1.

6. The distillation column according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tray mechanism (3) includes: Plate (31) and overflow weir (32) fixedly connected to one side of the plate (31); The bottom of the plate (31) is provided with an air cavity (34). The bottom of the air chamber (34) is connected to the plate (31) and has multiple air inlet channels (33). The bottom of the air chamber (34) is provided with multiple air outlet channels (35).

7. The distillation column according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tower body (1) is provided with a feed inlet (2).

8. The distillation column according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the tower body (1) is connected to pipe one (4) and pipe two (5), and the top of the tower body (1) is connected to pipe three (6) and pipe four (7).

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