An apparatus for extracting microplastics from soil

Abstract

The utility model relates to microplastic extraction technical field, concretely is a kind of extraction device of microplastic in soil, including bottom plate, extraction tank is fixedly connected in bottom plate upper end, the unloading mechanism is equipped in extraction tank lower end, and the soil of microplastic is extracted after extraction is taken out to unloading mechanism, two annular tubes are fixedly sleeved in extraction tank outside, and the annular tube is connected with the inside of extraction tank by several connecting holes and is communicated;Through hopper and material pipe, dry screened soil sample can be added to extraction tank, after microplastic extraction is completed, the sediment layer and non-sediment layer are isolated by mud pressing mechanism, meanwhile, mud pressing mechanism will compact sediment layer, by the second telescopic pipe in mud pressing mechanism and inlet, non-sediment layer liquid can be extracted from extraction tank, and after extraction is completed, unloading mechanism is opened, compacted sediment layer is removed and collected, the situation that too much sludge in collected suspension liquid or too much suspension liquid is discharged together with sludge occurs is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of microplastic extraction technology, specifically to a device for extracting microplastics from soil. Background Technology

[0002] For example, Chinese patent CN215677717U discloses an extraction device for microplastics in soil / sediment. The extraction device includes: a separation column, which is divided from top to bottom into an overflow section, a liquid inlet and flotation section, and a mixing and settling section, and is provided with a liquid inlet and a sludge outlet; and an aeration device, which includes an aeration head disposed inside the mixing and settling section, a first air pump, a first air pipe connecting the aeration head and the first air pump, and a first flow meter connected to the first air pipe.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned solution has the following shortcomings: In the above-mentioned patent, after the microplastic particles mixed in the soil / sediment are suspended and separated, the sludge is discharged by opening the sludge discharge port and then closing the sludge discharge port. A centrifuge tube is placed in the sludge discharge port, and the sludge discharge port is opened again to discharge the suspension that has not overflowed. After treatment, the flotation liquid can be recovered. However, this method cannot accurately control the amount of sludge discharged. It is possible that the sludge discharge port is closed before the sludge is completely discharged, resulting in a large amount of sludge in the suspension collected by the centrifuge tube. Or, in order to discharge the sludge completely, too much suspension is discharged along with the sludge. Therefore, we have introduced a microplastic extraction device for soil. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for extracting microplastics from soil, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A device for extracting microplastics from soil includes a base plate, an extraction tank fixedly connected to the upper end of the base plate, and a discharge mechanism at the lower end of the extraction tank for removing soil after microplastic extraction. Two ring tubes are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the extraction tank, and the ring tubes are connected to the inside of the extraction tank through several connecting holes. The connecting holes are opened inside the extraction tank, and a first connecting tube is fixedly connected to the outside of the ring tubes. The extraction tank is equipped with a collection box on its upper side, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the extraction tank. The collection box is equipped with a sludge pressing mechanism on its inner side. The sludge pressing mechanism compacts the soil after the microplastics have been extracted, and at the same time, the liquid in the extraction tank is extracted. The bottom of the inner side of the collection box is set in an inclined shape. A drain pipe is fixed to one side of the collection box. The end of the drain pipe away from the collection box is fixedly connected to the upper end of the collection bottle. A stainless steel filter screen is fixedly connected inside the collection bottle. The outside of the collection bottle is fixedly connected to the input end of the vacuum filtration pump. A hopper is fixedly connected to the upper end of the collection box. A material pipe is fixedly connected to the lower end of the hopper. The lower end of the material pipe extends into the extraction tank. A liquid guide pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the extraction tank.

[0006] Preferably, the unloading mechanism includes a baffle plate, which is installed at the lower end of the extraction tank by a screw. Two T-shaped support rods are fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle plate, and the T-shaped support rods are movably connected to the bottom plate. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle plate, and the sealing ring is engaged in a sealing groove, which is located at the lower end of the extraction tank.

[0007] Preferably, the pressing mechanism includes a pressing plate, and the pressing plate has clearance grooves on all four sides of its outer side. The clearance grooves are connected to the receiving grooves, which are located inside the pressing plate. A telescopic airbag is fixedly connected inside the receiving groove, and one end of the telescopic airbag is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped baffle.

[0008] Preferably, the arc-shaped baffle is fixedly connected to the limiting plate on the side near the pressing plate, the limiting plate slides in the limiting groove, the limiting groove is opened in the pressing plate, the pressing plate has a connecting cavity, the connecting cavity is connected to a plurality of storage slots, a connecting column is movably connected in the connecting cavity, a gas connecting cavity is opened in the connecting column, the lower end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, and the first motor is fixedly installed in the pressing plate.

[0009] Preferably, a push-button switch is fixedly installed inside the lower end of the mud-pressing plate. The pressing end of the push-button switch is fixedly connected to the contact plate. Two telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the upper end of the mud-pressing plate. The upper ends of the telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the collection box. A first telescopic tube is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mud-pressing plate. The lower end of the first telescopic tube communicates with the connecting cavity. The upper end of the first telescopic tube passes through the collection box and is fixedly connected to the output end of the air pump. The air pump is fixedly installed at the upper end of the collection box. A water pump is fixedly installed at the upper end of the collection box. The input end of the water pump is fixedly connected to the second telescopic tube. The lower end of the second telescopic tube extends into the collection box and is fixedly installed at the upper end of the mud-pressing plate. A water inlet is opened on the outside of the second telescopic tube.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model can add the dried and screened soil sample into the extraction tank through the hopper and the feed pipe. After the microplastic extraction is completed, the sediment layer and non-sediment layer are separated by the sludge pressing mechanism. At the same time, the sludge pressing mechanism will press the sediment layer. The non-sediment layer liquid can be extracted from the extraction tank through the second telescopic pipe and the water inlet in the sludge pressing mechanism. After extraction, the unloading mechanism can be opened to remove and collect the pressed sediment layer. This solves the problem of too much sludge in the collected suspension or too much suspension being discharged together with sludge. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the connection between the collection bottle and the vacuum filtration pump of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mud-pressing mechanism of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the mud-pressing mechanism of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the connecting cavity of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the connection relationship between the connecting column and the first motor of this utility model.

[0012] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Extraction tank; 3. Ring pipe; 4. T-shaped support rod; 5. Sealing ring; 6. Baffle plate; 7. Connecting hole; 8. Liquid guide pipe; 9. Clearance groove; 10. Drain pipe; 11. Collection box; 12. Hopper; 13. First telescopic pipe; 14. Air pump; 15. Sludge pressing plate; 16. Telescopic rod; 17. Telescopic airbag; 18. Arc-shaped baffle; 19. Connecting cavity; 20. Limiting plate; 21. Limiting groove; 22. Press switch; 23. Contact plate; 24. Connecting column; 25. First motor; 26. Storage groove; 27. Gas connecting cavity; 28. First connecting pipe; 29. ​​Collection bottle; 30. Vacuum filtration pump; 31. Stainless steel filter screen; 32. Sealing groove; 33. Second telescopic pipe; 34. Water inlet; 35. Material pipe; 36. Water pump. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0014] Please see Figure 1-7 This utility model provides a technical solution: Example 1: An extraction device for microplastics in soil includes a base plate 1. An extraction tank 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base plate 1. The lower end of the extraction tank 2 is provided with a discharge mechanism to remove the soil sediment after microplastic extraction. Two ring tubes 3 are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the extraction tank 2. The ring tubes 3 are connected to the inside of the extraction tank 2 through several connecting holes 7. The connecting holes 7 are opened inside the extraction tank 2. A first connecting pipe 28 is fixedly connected to the outside of the ring tubes 3. The lower first connecting pipe 28 is connected to an external gas supply device so that gas enters into the lower ring tube 3. The gas entering the lower ring tube 3 then enters the extraction tank 2 through several connecting holes 7 to fully mix the soil sample with the flotation solution. After mixing is completed, the gas supply to the extraction tank 2 is stopped. The extraction tank 2 is equipped with a collection box 11 on the upper side. The collection box 11 is fixedly connected to the outside of the extraction tank 2. The collection box 11 is equipped with a sludge pressing mechanism on the inside. The sludge pressing mechanism compacts the soil after the microplastics are extracted and extracts the liquid in the extraction tank 2 at the same time. The bottom of the inner side of the collection box 11 is inclined. The first connecting pipe 28 on the upper side is also connected to the external air supply device. At this time, the gas enters the extraction tank 2 through several connecting holes 7 on the upper side. The gas that enters generates bubbles, which carry the microplastics suspended in the non-sediment layer to the upper end of the extraction tank 2 and finally enter the collection box 11 with the liquid. Since the bottom of the inner side of the collection box 11 is inclined, the liquid entering the collection box 11 will move to the position of the drain pipe 10. A drain pipe 10 is fixed to one side of the collection box 11. The end of the drain pipe 10 away from the collection box 11 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the collection bottle 29. The collection bottle 29 consists of a bottle body and a bottle cap. The bottle cap is screwed to the upper end of the bottle body. The end of the drain pipe 10 away from the collection box 11 is connected to the bottle cap. A stainless steel filter screen 31 is fixedly connected inside the collection bottle 29. The outside of the collection bottle 29 is fixedly connected to the input end of the vacuum filtration pump 30. A hopper 12 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the collection box 11. A feed pipe 35 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the hopper 12. The lower end of the feed pipe 35 extends into the extraction tank 2. A liquid guide pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the outside of the extraction tank 2. After removing impurities and drying the soil sample, it is filtered and sieved and then added to the hopper 12. The soil sample enters the extraction tank 2 through the feed pipe 35. Then, the flotation liquid is added to the hopper 12 so that the flotation liquid and the soil sample are mixed together.

[0015] Example 2: Based on Example 1, in order to separate the sediment layer and non-sediment layer in the extraction tank 2, the unloading mechanism includes a baffle plate 6. The baffle plate 6 is installed at the lower end of the extraction tank 2 by a screw. Two T-shaped support rods 4 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle plate 6. The T-shaped support rods 4 are movably connected to the bottom plate 1. A sealing ring 5 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle plate 6. The sealing ring 5 is engaged in the sealing groove 32. The sealing groove 32 is opened at the lower end of the extraction tank 2. After removing the screw that fixes the baffle plate 6, the baffle plate 6 can be removed. At this time, the sediment layer pressed on the upper end of the baffle plate 6 can be removed and collected. The mud-pressing mechanism includes a mud-pressing plate 15. The outer perimeter of the mud-pressing plate 15 is provided with clearance grooves 9, which are connected to a receiving groove 26. The receiving groove 26 is located within the mud-pressing plate 15, and a telescopic airbag 17 is fixedly connected thereto. One end of the telescopic airbag 17 is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped baffle 18. The side of the arc-shaped baffle 18 closest to the mud-pressing plate 15 is fixedly connected to a limiting plate 20. The limiting plate 20 slides within a limiting groove 21, which is located within the mud-pressing plate 15. The sliding of the limiting plate 20 within the limiting groove 21 allows the telescopic airbag 17 to deploy smoothly. A connecting cavity 19 is provided within the mud-pressing plate 15, and the connecting cavity 19 connects to... Several storage slots 26 are connected to each other. A connecting column 24 is movably connected in the connecting cavity 19. A gas connecting cavity 27 is opened in the connecting column 24. The lower end of the connecting column 24 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 25. The first motor 25 is fixedly installed in the mud pressing plate 15. By pumping air outward by the air pump 14, the mud pressing plate 15 can be moved upward to the initial position. After returning to the initial position, the exhaust port of the air pump 14 is closed, so that the mud pressing plate 15 is fixed. At the same time, the telescopic airbag 17 will retract into the storage slot 26. At this time, the first motor 25 drives the connecting column 24 to rotate, so that the gas connecting cavity 27 is misaligned with the connecting cavity 19. A push switch 22 is fixedly installed inside the lower end of the mud-pressing plate 15. The pressing end of the push switch 22 is fixedly connected to the contact plate 23. Two telescopic rods 16 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the mud-pressing plate 15. The upper ends of the telescopic rods 16 are fixedly connected to the collection box 11. A first telescopic pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mud-pressing plate 15. The lower end of the first telescopic pipe 13 is connected to the connecting cavity 19. The upper end of the first telescopic pipe 13 passes through the collection box 11 and is fixedly connected to the output end of the air pump 14. The air pump 14 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the collection box 11. A water pump 36 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the collection box 11. The input end of the water pump 36 is fixedly connected to the second telescopic pipe 33. The lower end of the second telescopic pipe 33 extends into the collection box 11 and is fixedly installed on the upper end of the mud-pressing plate 15. A water inlet 34 is opened on the outside of the second telescopic pipe 33.

[0016] Working principle: When in use, after removing impurities and air-drying the soil sample, it is filtered and sieved and then added to the hopper 12. The soil sample enters the extraction tank 2 through the feed pipe 35. Then, the flotation liquid is added to the hopper 12 to mix the flotation liquid with the soil sample. The first connecting pipe 28 on the lower side is connected to the external gas supply equipment, so that the gas enters the lower ring pipe 3. The gas entering the lower ring pipe 3 then enters the extraction tank 2 through several connecting holes 7 to fully mix the soil sample and the flotation liquid. After the mixing is completed, the gas supply to the extraction tank 2 is stopped. After settling, the mixture is divided into an upper non-precipitated layer and a lower precipitated layer. The non-precipitated layer contains microplastic particles. The pump body is connected to the liquid guide pipe 8, so that the flotation liquid is added to the extraction tank 2 through the liquid guide pipe 8. At this time, the liquid level in the extraction tank 2 will rise continuously. At the same time, the first connecting pipe 28 on the upper side is also connected to the external gas supply device. At this time, the gas enters the extraction tank 2 through several connecting holes 7 on the upper side. The gas that enters generates bubbles, which carry the microplastics suspended in the non-precipitated layer to the upper end of the extraction tank 2 and finally enter the collection tank 11 with the liquid. Because the bottom of the inner side of the collection box 11 is inclined, the liquid entering the collection box 11 will move to the position of the drain pipe 10. Under the action of the vacuum filtration pump 30, the liquid will enter the collection bottle 29. At the same time, under the filtration of the stainless steel filter screen 31, the microplastics will be filtered onto the surface of the stainless steel filter screen 31. When the air pump 14 is turned on, gas is injected into the first telescopic tube 13. At this time, the pressing plate 15 will move downward. During the movement, the liquid will pass through the relief groove 9. When the contact plate 23 comes into contact with the sediment layer, as the pressing plate 15 continues to move downward, the push switch 22 will be pressed by the contact plate 23. At this time, the first motor 25 will start, causing the connecting column 24 to rotate. The rotating connecting column 24 aligns the gas connecting chamber 27 with several connecting chambers 19. The gas will enter the gas... Inside the body connecting cavity 27, the telescopic airbag 17 is finally inflated through the connecting cavity 19. At this time, the telescopic airbag 17 will extend outward and drive the arc-shaped baffle 18 to move. When the arc-shaped baffle 18 contacts the inner wall of the extraction tank 2, the mud-pressing plate 15 and the telescopic airbag 17 will compact the sediment layer as gas is introduced, and at the same time, the sediment layer and the non-sediment layer will be separated. By turning on the water pump 36, the liquid in the non-sediment layer can be pumped into the second telescopic tube 33, and finally discharged and collected by the water pump 36. By pumping air outward with the air pump 14, the mud pressing plate 15 can be moved upward to the initial position. After returning to the initial position, the exhaust port of the air pump 14 is closed, so that the mud pressing plate 15 is fixed. After removing the screw fixing the baffle plate 6, the baffle plate 6 can be removed. At this time, the sediment layer pressed on the upper end of the baffle plate 6 can be removed and collected.

[0017] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for extracting microplastics from soil, comprising a base plate, characterized in that: An extraction tank is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base plate. A discharge mechanism is provided at the lower end of the extraction tank. The soil after the microplastics have been extracted is taken out through the discharge mechanism. Two ring tubes are fixedly sleeved on the outside of the extraction tank. The ring tubes are connected to the inside of the extraction tank through several connecting holes. The connecting holes are opened inside the extraction tank. A first connecting tube is fixedly connected to the outside of the ring tubes. The extraction tank is equipped with a collection box on its upper side, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the extraction tank. The collection box is equipped with a sludge pressing mechanism on its inner side. The sludge pressing mechanism compacts the soil after the microplastics have been extracted, and at the same time, the liquid in the extraction tank is extracted. The bottom of the inner side of the collection box is inclined. A drain pipe is fixed to one side of the collection box. The end of the drain pipe away from the collection box is fixedly connected to the upper end of the collection bottle. A stainless steel filter screen is fixedly connected inside the collection bottle. The outside of the collection bottle is fixedly connected to the input end of the vacuum filtration pump. A hopper is fixedly connected to the upper end of the collection box. A material pipe is fixedly connected to the lower end of the hopper. The lower end of the material pipe extends into the extraction tank. A liquid guide pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the extraction tank.

2. The device for extracting microplastics from soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading mechanism includes a baffle plate, which is installed at the lower end of the extraction tank by a screw. Two T-shaped support rods are fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle plate. The T-shaped support rods are movably connected to the bottom plate. A sealing ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle plate. The sealing ring is engaged in a sealing groove, which is located at the lower end of the extraction tank.

3. The device for extracting microplastics from soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud pressing mechanism includes a mud pressing plate. The mud pressing plate has clearance grooves on all four sides of its outer side. The clearance grooves are connected to the receiving grooves. The receiving grooves are located inside the mud pressing plate. A telescopic airbag is fixedly connected inside the receiving groove. One end of the telescopic airbag is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped baffle.

4. The device for extracting microplastics from soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped baffle is fixedly connected to the limiting plate on the side near the mud-pressing plate. The limiting plate slides in the limiting groove, which is opened in the mud-pressing plate. A connecting cavity is opened in the mud-pressing plate, and the connecting cavity is connected to several storage slots. A connecting column is movably connected in the connecting cavity. A gas connecting cavity is opened in the connecting column. The lower end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor. The first motor is fixedly installed in the mud-pressing plate.

5. The device for extracting microplastics from soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: A push-button switch is fixedly installed inside the lower end of the mud-pressing plate. The pressing end of the push-button switch is fixedly connected to the contact plate. Two telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the upper end of the mud-pressing plate. The upper ends of the telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the collection box. A first telescopic tube is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mud-pressing plate. The lower end of the first telescopic tube communicates with the connecting cavity. The upper end of the first telescopic tube passes through the collection box and is fixedly connected to the output end of the air pump. The air pump is fixedly installed at the upper end of the collection box. A water pump is fixedly installed at the upper end of the collection box. The input end of the water pump is fixedly connected to the second telescopic tube. The lower end of the second telescopic tube extends into the collection box and is fixedly installed at the upper end of the mud-pressing plate. A water inlet is opened on the outside of the second telescopic tube.

Images