Forging device for quenching of forgings
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521879845.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-02
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本实用新型的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，适应现实需要，提供一种锻件淬火加工用锻造装置，以解决当前锻造装置在锻造过程中喷淋降温不均匀的技术问题
1、本实用新型通过多组件协同设计，有效解决了传统淬火过程中降温不均、效率低的问题。一方面，喷淋件固定于外齿轮内侧面，可围绕锻件形成环形喷淋区域，相较于单一方向喷淋，能实现对锻件外表面的全方位覆盖，避免局部温度过高或过低导致的性能差异；另一方面，驱动电机通过驱动齿轮与外齿轮的啮合传动，可带动支撑环及喷淋件匀速转动，配合喷淋件的喷淋动作，让锻件各部位均匀接触冷却液，不仅大幅缩短了淬火降温时间，还能减少锻件因温差产生的内应力，降低开裂、变形风险，保障锻件硬度、韧性等关键性能指标达标。
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Figure CN224658050U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of forging processing equipment, and more specifically, to a forging device for forging quenching. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of machinery manufacturing, forgings are key basic components, and their performance directly determines the operational stability and service life of subsequent complete equipment. Quenching, as the core heat treatment process in forging production, transforms the internal structure of forgings through rapid cooling, which can significantly improve the hardness, strength, and wear resistance of forgings. Therefore, the scientific nature of the quenching process and the reliability of the quenching equipment play a decisive role in the quality of forgings.
[0003] Traditional forging equipment typically employs fixed nozzles or unidirectional spray structures for cooling, which can only cool localized areas of the forging. Since forgings require a uniform cooling rate throughout during quenching, fixed spraying can lead to excessive temperature differences between different parts of the forging, causing defects such as cracking and deformation. This severely affects the dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of the forging, especially for complex-shaped or large forgings, significantly reducing the product yield. Therefore, we propose a forging apparatus for quenching forgings. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, adapt to the needs of reality, and provide a forging device for quenching forgings, so as to solve the technical problem of uneven cooling by spraying in the current forging device during the forging process.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a forging device for quenching forgings, including a support frame, a forging mechanism fixedly arranged on the side of the support frame, and a cooling mechanism for spraying forgings fixedly arranged at the bottom of the forging mechanism. The cooling mechanism includes several hydraulic cylinders fixed to the bottom of the forging mechanism. A support ring is rotatably installed between the output ends of each hydraulic cylinder. An external gear is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support ring. A drive motor is fixedly installed inside the side wall of the support frame. A drive gear that meshes with the external gear is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor. A spraying component for spraying is fixedly installed on the inner side of the external gear.
[0006] This invention effectively solves the problems of uneven cooling and low efficiency in traditional quenching processes through a multi-component collaborative design. On one hand, the spray component is fixed to the inner side of the external gear, forming a ring-shaped spray area around the forging. Compared to spraying in one direction, this achieves all-round coverage of the forging's outer surface, avoiding performance differences caused by excessively high or low local temperatures. On the other hand, the drive motor, through the meshing transmission between the drive gear and the external gear, can drive the support ring and the spray component to rotate at a uniform speed. Combined with the spraying action of the spray component, this ensures that all parts of the forging are evenly contacted with the coolant. This not only significantly shortens the quenching and cooling time but also reduces the internal stress caused by temperature differences in the forging, lowering the risk of cracking and deformation, and ensuring that key performance indicators such as hardness and toughness of the forging meet the standards.
[0007] Preferably, the spray component includes a water storage ring, and a plurality of interconnected diversion pipes are arranged in an array at the bottom of the water storage ring, and a plurality of fan-shaped nozzles are fixedly installed on the side wall of each diversion pipe.
[0008] Preferably, the top of the spray element has an annular opening, and the inside of the annular opening is connected to a sealing element that fits against the inner and outer sides of the spray element, and both the spray element and the sealing element have smooth surfaces.
[0009] Preferably, the sealing element includes a convex ring plate located inside the spray element, and a sealing ring plate that fits against the top side of the spray element is fixedly installed on the top of the convex ring plate. A plurality of positioning rods that penetrate the sealing ring plate are arranged in an array on the top of the convex ring plate, and a plurality of screws are fixedly connected between the convex ring plate and the sealing ring plate.
[0010] Preferably, a water inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sealing member near the support frame, and the other end of the water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe that penetrates the side wall of the support frame, and the end of the connecting pipe is used to connect to an external water tank.
[0011] Preferably, each hydraulic cylinder has a fixed support block at its output end, and the outer wall of the support ring has an annular groove that is movably connected to the support block.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model effectively solves the problems of uneven cooling and low efficiency in traditional quenching processes through multi-component collaborative design. On the one hand, the spray component is fixed to the inner side of the external gear, forming a ring-shaped spray area around the forging. Compared with single-direction spraying, it can achieve all-round coverage of the outer surface of the forging, avoiding performance differences caused by local overheating or underheating. On the other hand, the drive motor can drive the support ring and spray component to rotate at a uniform speed through the meshing transmission of the drive gear and the external gear. Combined with the spraying action of the spray component, it allows all parts of the forging to be evenly contacted with the coolant. This not only significantly shortens the quenching and cooling time, but also reduces the internal stress of the forging caused by temperature differences, reduces the risk of cracking and deformation, and ensures that the key performance indicators such as hardness and toughness of the forging meet the standards.
[0013] 2. This invention also ensures stable storage and distribution of coolant through a water storage ring. The arrayed distribution pipes can evenly deliver coolant to different height positions of the forging, avoiding the "temperature difference between the top and bottom" problem that exists in traditional single-height spraying. Furthermore, the fan-shaped nozzles on the sidewalls of each distribution pipe have a wide-angle diffusion spray range, and the spray areas of adjacent nozzles can effectively overlap, forming a ring-shaped water curtain, completely eliminating spray blind spots on the forging surface (such as easily overlooked areas like the waist and shoulder of the forging). This design significantly increases the contact area between the coolant and the forging surface, adapting to the quenching requirements of forgings of different shapes (such as cylindrical and irregularly shaped parts), further reducing performance deviations in forgings caused by untimely localized cooling, and making the quality of forgings from the same batch but at different locations more consistent. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the side structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism in this utility model; Figure 5 Bit Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of part A.
[0015] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Forging mechanism; 3. Cooling mechanism; 4. Hydraulic cylinder; 401. Support block; 5. Support ring; 501. Annular groove; 6. External gear; 7. Drive motor; 701. Drive gear; 8. Spraying component; 801. Water storage ring; 802. Diverter pipe; 803. Fan-shaped nozzle; 9. Sealing component; 901. Convex ring plate; 902. Sealing ring plate; 903. Positioning rod; 904. Screw; 10. Water inlet pipe; 11. Connecting pipe; 12. Heat insulation telescopic cover. Detailed Implementation
[0016] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model relates to a forging device for quenching forgings, including a support frame 1. A forging mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the side of the support frame 1. A cooling mechanism 3 for spraying the forgings is fixedly installed at the bottom of the forging mechanism 2. The cooling mechanism 3 includes several hydraulic cylinders 4 fixed to the bottom of the forging mechanism 2. A support ring 5 is rotatably installed between the output ends of each hydraulic cylinder 4. An external gear 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support ring 5. A drive motor 7 is fixedly installed inside the side wall of the support frame 1. A drive gear 701 that meshes with the external gear 6 is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor 7. A spraying element 8 for spraying is fixedly installed on the inner side of the external gear 6. The spraying height of the spraying element 8 can be adjusted by the hydraulic cylinders 4, which is suitable for cooling forgings of different sizes. The cooperation between the external gear 6 and the drive motor 7 can achieve a rotating spraying effect, improve the uniformity of spraying and cooling of the forgings, and maintain stable forging quality.
[0017] In an embodiment of this utility model, the spray component 8 includes a water storage ring 801. Several interconnected diversion pipes 802 are arranged in an array at the bottom of the water storage ring 801. Several fan-shaped nozzles 803 are fixedly installed on the side wall of each diversion pipe 802. By cooperating with the water storage ring 801 and the diversion pipes 802, coolant can be sprayed evenly from the several fan-shaped nozzles 803. The fan-shaped structure design can expand the spray range and form an annular water curtain during the rotating spray process, further improving the uniformity of spray cooling.
[0018] In an embodiment of this utility model, the top of the spray element 8 has an annular opening, and a sealing element 9 that fits against the inner and outer sides of the spray element 8 is connected inside the annular opening. Both the spray element 8 and the sealing element 9 have smooth surfaces. The sealing element 9 includes a convex ring plate 901 located inside the spray element 8. A sealing ring plate 902 that fits against the top side of the spray element 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the convex ring plate 901. A plurality of positioning rods 903 penetrating the sealing ring plate 902 are arranged in an array on the top of the convex ring plate 901. Several screws 904 are fixedly connected to the sealing ring plate 902; the close connection between the sealing element 9 and the spray element 8 can achieve the sealing function without affecting the rotation of the spray element 8. The connection between the convex ring plate 901 and the sealing ring plate 902 by screws 904 can facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the sealing ring plate 902, and facilitate replacement when wear is severe. The design of the positioning rod 903 can easily limit the connection position between the sealing ring plate 902 and the convex ring plate 901, which is convenient for assembly operations. The smooth surface design can reduce frictional resistance and reduce wear.
[0019] In an embodiment of this utility model, a water inlet pipe 10 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the sealing member 9 near the support frame 1. The other end of the water inlet pipe 10 is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 11 that penetrates the side wall of the support frame 1, and the end of the connecting pipe 11 is used to connect to an external water tank. The cooperation between the sealing member 9 and the spraying member 8 through rotation can keep the position of the water inlet pipe 10 stable, without affecting the rotation of the spraying member 8, and maintain a stable rotating spraying action.
[0020] In the embodiments of this utility model, a support block 401 is fixedly provided at the output end of each hydraulic cylinder 4, and an annular groove 501 is provided on the outer wall of the support ring 5 to be movably connected to the support block 401. Through cooperation, the rotation action can be maintained without affecting the stable support. A heat insulation telescopic cover 12 is fixedly connected between the support block 401 and the forging mechanism 2, which can reduce the impact of the high temperature of the hydraulic cylinder 4 of the forging and improve the safety of the structure.
[0021] Working Principle: This embodiment provides a forging device for quenching forgings. In use, the forging to be quenched is first placed on the processing station of the forging mechanism 2, ensuring the forging is centered and firmly fixed to prevent uneven cooling due to forging displacement during subsequent spraying. Then, the initial state of each component is checked: the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is in the initial retracted position; the support ring 5 is connected to the support block 401 at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 via the annular groove 501 on the outer wall; the spray element 8 is in the ready-to-work position along with the support ring 5; the convex ring plate 901 of the sealing element 9 is tightly fitted with the annular opening of the spray element 8; the sealing ring plate 902 is fixed by the positioning rod 903 and screws 904 to ensure the sealing structure is secure. The external water tank is connected to the connecting pipe 11 that penetrates the side wall of the support frame 1; the water supply valve of the water tank is opened, and cooling water flows through the connecting pipe 11 into the water inlet pipe 10 of the sealing element 9, and then into the water storage ring 801 of the spray element 8. During this process, the water supply pressure is controlled by the water tank pressure regulating device (this is an existing technical structure and will not be described in detail here) to maintain a stable pressure of the cooling water in the water storage ring 801, ensuring that the fan-shaped nozzles 803 can spray a uniform and powerful water flow during subsequent spraying. At the same time, it is observed whether there is any leakage at the sealing joint. If leakage is found, the fit of the sealing element 9 is adjusted by tightening the fastening screws 904 to ensure the reliable sealing of the water supply link. According to the height and volume of the forging to be quenched, the control system of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is activated. By controlling the extension and retraction of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4, the support block 401 is moved vertically. Since the support block 401 is embedded in the annular groove 501 of the support ring 5, the support ring 5 moves up and down synchronously with the support block 401, thereby driving the spray element 8 fixed inside the external gear 6 to adjust its height. When the diversion pipe 802 of the spray element 8 and the fan-shaped nozzle 803 reach the optimal spraying position on the forging, which is usually a distance that ensures comprehensive water coverage and moderate pressure, the hydraulic cylinder 4 stops working, completing the spraying height adaptation. At this time, the device can adapt to different cooling requirements of small precision forgings or large heavy forgings. The drive motor 7 fixed inside the side wall of the support frame 1 is started, and the output end of the drive motor 7 drives the drive gear 701 to rotate. Since the drive gear 701 meshes with the external gear 6 at the bottom of the support ring 5, the external gear 6 rotates synchronously with the drive gear 701, thereby driving the inner spray element 8 to rotate around the central axis of the forging. At the same time, the cooling water in the water storage ring 801 is diverted to each fan-shaped nozzle 803 through the array of diversion pipes 802, and the fan-shaped nozzle 803 sprays the cooling water onto the surface of the forging in a fan-shaped water flow pattern. During the continuous rotation of the spray component 8, the fan-shaped water flow forms a 360° dynamic coverage, spraying evenly in a ring-shaped water curtain, avoiding the local blind spots of traditional fixed spraying, ensuring that all areas of the forging can be cooled evenly, effectively controlling the temperature difference of various parts of the forging, and improving the hardness and mechanical property stability of the forging after quenching.During the dynamic spraying process, operators can fine-tune the device parameters in real time by observing the cooling of the forging surface (such as color changes and water vapor distribution). If the cooling of a local area of the forging is slow, the speed of the drive motor 7 can be appropriately increased to accelerate the rotation speed of the spray nozzle 8 and increase the frequency of water flow coverage in that area. If the cooling rate needs to be adjusted (such as for different quenching process requirements of carbon steel and alloy steel), the water flow intensity of the fan-shaped nozzle 803 can be changed by adjusting the water supply pressure, or the spraying distance can be changed by fine-tuning the height of the hydraulic cylinder 4. This achieves precise control of the cooling rate and avoids cracking and deformation of the forging due to excessive cooling or substandard performance due to excessive cooling. When the quenching and cooling of the forging reaches the preset process requirements (such as when the forging temperature drops to the target range), the water supply valve of the external water tank is first closed to stop supplying cooling water to the spray nozzle 8. After the residual cooling water in the diversion pipe 802 and the fan-shaped nozzle 803 has been sprayed, the drive motor 7 is turned off, and the spray nozzle 8 stops rotating with the external gear 6 and the drive gear 701, thus ending the dynamic spraying process.
[0022] The embodiments disclosed herein are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can readily grasp the spirit of this utility model based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations. However, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this utility model, they are all within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A forging apparatus for quenching forgings, comprising a support frame (1), wherein a forging mechanism (2) is fixedly disposed on the side of the support frame (1), characterized in that, The bottom of the forging mechanism (2) is fixedly provided with a cooling mechanism (3) for spraying the forging. The cooling mechanism (3) includes several hydraulic cylinders (4) fixed to the bottom of the forging mechanism (2). A support ring (5) is rotatably installed between the output ends of each hydraulic cylinder (4). An external gear (6) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support ring (5). A drive motor (7) is fixedly installed inside the side wall of the support frame (1). A drive gear (701) that meshes with the external gear (6) is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor (7). A spraying component (8) for spraying is fixedly installed on the inner side of the external gear (6).
2. The forging apparatus for quenching forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray component (8) includes a water storage ring (801), and a number of interconnected diversion pipes (802) are arranged in an array at the bottom of the water storage ring (801). A number of fan-shaped nozzles (803) are fixedly installed on the side wall of each diversion pipe (802).
3. The forging apparatus for quenching forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the spray component (8) is provided with an annular opening, and the inside of the annular opening is connected to a sealing component (9) that fits against the inner and outer sides of the spray component (8), and the contact surfaces of the spray component (8) and the sealing component (9) are both smooth surfaces.
4. The forging apparatus for quenching forgings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sealing element (9) includes a convex ring plate (901) located inside the spray element (8). A sealing ring plate (902) that fits against the top side of the spray element (8) is fixedly installed on the top of the convex ring plate (901). A number of positioning rods (903) that penetrate the sealing ring plate (902) are arranged in an array on the top of the convex ring plate (901). A number of screws (904) are fixedly connected between the convex ring plate (901) and the sealing ring plate (902).
5. The forging apparatus for quenching forgings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sealing element (9) is fixedly provided with a water inlet pipe (10) on the side wall near the support frame (1). The other end of the water inlet pipe (10) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (11) that penetrates the side wall of the support frame (1), and the end of the connecting pipe (11) is used to connect to an external water tank.
6. The forging apparatus for quenching forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each hydraulic cylinder (4) has a fixed support block (401) at its output end, and the outer wall of the support ring (5) has an annular groove (501) that is movably connected to the support block (401).