Bidirectional anti-blocking suction tin gun

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of suction and blow two-way anti-blocking suction tin gun, it is related to electronic manufacturing and maintenance equipment technical field.The suction tin gun includes suction and blow dual-purpose miniature vacuum pump, air reversing valve, air filter, hollow heating tube, suction nozzle and circuit control board.Through operating single air pump switch on circuit control board, and the state of air reversing valve is switched, suction tin and blow function switching can be realized.When suction tin, vacuum pump generates negative pressure, and molten solder is inhaled through suction nozzle;When blowing, the air flow generated by vacuum pump is reversed on, and residual solder in channel is blown away, to realize efficient anti-blocking.In addition, hollow heating tube can heat air flow, so that suction nozzle can output hot air, with the auxiliary function of hot air gun.The utility model solves the problem that traditional suction tin gun is easy to block, maintenance is time-consuming and laborious by two-way air flow design and unique valve core control logic, significantly improves operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic manufacturing and repair equipment technology, specifically a suction and blow bidirectional anti-clogging desoldering gun with bidirectional airflow function for printed circuit board (PCB) repair and electronic component desoldering operations. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of electronics manufacturing and repair, the core of removing electronic components from PCBs lies in clearing the solder from their leads. Current mainstream methods have inherent drawbacks: manual methods require both hands to operate a soldering iron and a mechanical piston desoldering pump, resulting in low efficiency and a high risk of damaging the pads due to improper operation; traditional electric desoldering guns, while integrating heating and desoldering functions and simplifying operation, only have a single suction function. Molten solder easily cools and solidifies within the suction channel and solder dross filter during suction, leading to frequent blockages. Operators often have to stop the machine after handling only a few solder joints, manually disassembling the front-end components for clearing, severely limiting work efficiency and increasing operating costs due to frequent maintenance and consumable replacements. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a desoldering pump that can achieve instant self-cleaning through its own airflow direction switching, fundamentally preventing and solving the blockage problem. Utility Model Content

[0003] (a) Purpose of the utility model The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing electric desoldering guns, such as easy clogging and time-consuming and labor-intensive maintenance due to their single airflow mode, and to provide a bidirectional anti-clogging desoldering gun that combines suction and blowing. This device achieves convenient and stable switching between desoldering and blowing functions through a single air pump switch and a reversing valve with switchable air paths. The high-pressure reverse airflow generated by the blowing function actively removes accumulated solder dross, effectively reducing clogging problems, significantly improving work efficiency and continuity, and expanding the hot air auxiliary function to achieve multiple uses in one machine.

[0004] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A dual-purpose suction and blow desoldering gun with anti-clogging features, comprising a dual-purpose miniature vacuum pump 1, an air reversing valve 2, an air filter 3, a hollow heating element 4, a suction nozzle 5, and a circuit control board 6.

[0005] The core of this solution lies in the following: the dual-purpose suction and blow micro vacuum pump 1 has independent suction port 1a and blow port 1b, both of which are connected to the input end of the air reversing valve 2; the circuit control board 6 is equipped with an air pump switch 6a to control the start and stop of the dual-purpose suction and blow micro vacuum pump 1; the air reversing valve 2 is equipped with an operable lever 2a or a mode switching component to change the connection state of its internal air passage; the suction nozzle 5, the hollow heating tube 4, and the air filter 3 are sequentially connected to form a front-end airflow channel; the output end of the air reversing valve 2 is configured to selectively connect the front-end airflow channel to either the suction port 1a or the blow port 1b when the connection state of its internal air passage changes. This solution integrates the functions of solder suction and blowing through the above structure.

[0006] The air reversing valve 2 has four independent air channels inside its valve core 2h: a blowing channel 2d, a suction channel 2e, a discharge channel 2f, and an intake channel 2g. Its innovation lies in the precise reversal of the valve core 2h, enabling the dual-purpose suction and blowing micro vacuum pump 1 to maintain normal circulation in both suction and blowing modes. When the valve core 2h is switched to the first position (i.e., the desoldering position), the suction channel 2e connects the suction port 1a and the front airflow channel to generate negative pressure and draw molten solder from the suction nozzle 5; at the same time, the exhaust channel 2f is connected to the blowing port 1b to provide an exhaust path for the blowing port 1b, and together with the suction port 1a, they form a complete air pump working cycle.

[0007] When the valve core 2h is switched to the second position (i.e., the air blowing position), the air blowing channel 2d connects the air blowing port 1b and the front airflow channel to generate positive pressure airflow that flows in the opposite direction through the air filter 3 and the hollow heating tube 4, and finally sprays out from the suction nozzle 5 to powerfully blow away the residual solder and solder dross, achieving real-time and efficient online cleaning; at the same time, the air intake channel 2g is connected to the air intake port 1a, providing a smooth air intake path for the air intake port 1a and maintaining the normal working state of the air pump.

[0008] By switching the valve core 2h in different positions, two working modes, namely desoldering and air blowing, are realized respectively.

[0009] Based on this air path structure, the housing of the air filter 3 is provided with three air ports: a negative pressure air port 3d, a positive pressure air port 3c, and a connecting air port 3g connected to the hollow heating tube 4. When the valve core 2h is switched to the first position (i.e., the solder suction position), the negative pressure air port 3d is connected to the suction channel 2e of the air reversing valve 2; when the valve core 2h is switched to the second position (i.e., the blowing position), the positive pressure air port 3c is connected to the blowing channel 2d of the air reversing valve 2, thereby adapting to the airflow direction in the two states of solder suction and blowing respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the air filter 3 has a two-stage filtration structure, including a primary metal filter screen 3f and a secondary high-temperature resistant sponge filter screen 3e, which respectively intercept tin dross of different particle sizes.

[0011] Preferably, the air filter 3 has a cleaning port 3b at the top and a sealing cover 3a. The sealing cover 3a is used to open and close the cleaning port 3b to pour out accumulated solder dross and replace the filter screen. As a preferred embodiment, the sealing cover 3a is threaded and has a silicone sealing ring to ensure airtightness.

[0012] Preferably, the circuit control board 6 integrates a digital tube display screen 6b, a main power switch 6d, and a temperature adjustment button 6c.

[0013] Preferably, the digital tube display screen 6b is used to display the real-time temperature of the hollow heating tube 4 and the working status of the desoldering gun.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature adjustment button 6c is used to precisely adjust the temperature in 5℃ increments within the range of 280℃ to 450℃, with a default operating temperature of 350℃.

[0015] Preferably, the suction nozzle 5 is a detachable structure, made of copper alloy and with a composite coating on its surface.

[0016] Preferably, the desoldering hole at the head of the suction nozzle 5 is a round hole or a flat hole, wherein the diameter of the round hole is 0.8mm to 2.0mm and the width of the flat hole is 2.5mm to 4.0mm, to accommodate solder joints of different sizes.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model include: 1. Significantly Improved Work Efficiency and Continuity: Through innovative "suction-blow" bidirectional airflow rapid switching and a unique four-way valve core 2h design, this device allows operators to perform online cleaning at any time during operation via reverse airflow without stopping the machine for disassembly, significantly reducing the occurrence of blockages. This greatly increases the number of solder joints that can be processed in a single continuous operation, significantly reduces downtime for cleaning due to blockages, and effectively improves the overall efficiency of electronic repair and manufacturing work.

[0018] 2. High functional integration and wide range of applications: The hollow heating tube 4 can continuously heat the airflow in the blowing state, enabling the device to output high-temperature hot air when the channel is clean. This function can be widely used in various auxiliary scenarios such as heat shrink tubing shrinking, adhesive cleaning, and preheating of small components, realizing "one machine for multiple uses", reducing the number of professional tools that operators need to carry, and reducing tool purchase and management costs.

[0019] 3. Stable system operation and low maintenance costs: The unique four-way valve core 2h and filter port design provides complete air intake and exhaust paths for the air pump in both states, ensuring smooth air circulation within the pump itself. This guarantees long-term operational stability and extends the equipment's lifespan. Simultaneously, it fundamentally avoids severe solder buildup in critical channels and components, significantly reducing the replacement frequency of consumable parts and accessories such as the air filter 3, hollow heating element 4, and nozzle 5, effectively saving on long-term use and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the suction and blow bidirectional anti-clogging desoldering gun of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow path and valve core 2h air passage position in the desoldering mode of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow path and valve core 2h air passage position of this utility model in the blowing mode.

[0021] Explanation of icon numbers: 1. Miniature vacuum pump for both suction and blow; 1a. Suction port; 1b. Blowing port; 2. Air reversing valve; 2a. Handle; 2b. Desoldering position; 2c. Blowing position; 2d. Blowing channel; 2e. Suction channel; 2f. Exhaust channel; 2h. Valve core; 2g. Inlet channel; 3. Air filter; 3a. Sealing cap; 3b. Cleaning port; 3c. Positive pressure port; 3d. Negative pressure port; 3f. Primary filter; 3e. Secondary filter; 3g. Connecting port; 4. Hollow heating element; 4a. Stainless steel outer tube; 4b. Stainless steel inner tube; 4c. Ceramic heating core; 4d. Copper fastener; 4e. M6 external thread; 5. Suction nozzle; 6. Circuit control board; 6a. Air pump switch; 6b. Digital display screen; 6c. Temperature adjustment button; 6d. Main power switch. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example 1: Integrated Handheld Desoldering Gun This embodiment provides a typical integrated handheld desoldering gun with a bidirectional anti-clogging design.

[0023] Component selection and specifications: Dual-purpose suction and blow micro vacuum pump 1: Employs a DC 12V brushless micro vacuum pump with a maximum negative pressure ≥ -0.06MPa, a maximum blowing pressure ≥ 0.125MPa, and a flow rate ≥ 6L / min. The pump body has independent suction port 1a and blowing port 1b. It should be noted that in the pump's design, blowing port 1b is typically used as an exhaust port; however, in this system, this port is used as a high-pressure gas source in blowing mode.

[0024] Air reversing valve 2: In this embodiment, a manual lever-type air reversing valve is preferred. The valve body is made of engineering plastic, and the operating component of the air reversing valve is a lever 2a that is fixed to the valve core 2h and can be rotated. The valve core 2h has four internal passages: an air blowing passage 2d, an air intake passage 2e, an air exhaust passage 2f, and an air inlet passage 2g. The input side is connected to the air intake port 1a and the air blowing port 1b of the vacuum pump 1.

[0025] When the lever 2a is in the desoldering position 2b (i.e., the valve core is in the first position): the air intake channel 2e connects the air intake port 1a and the front airflow channel to generate negative pressure for desoldering; at the same time, the exhaust channel 2f is connected to the air blowing port 1b to provide an exhaust path for the air blowing port 1b in order to maintain the normal air circulation of the air pump.

[0026] When the lever 2a is switched to the blowing position 2c (i.e., the valve core is in the second position): the blowing channel 2d connects the blowing port 1b and the front airflow channel, so that the positive pressure airflow reverses to clean the pipe; at the same time, the air inlet channel 2g is connected to the air intake port 1a, providing an air inlet channel for the air intake port 1a of the vacuum pump 1.

[0027] Air Filter 3: Employs a two-stage filtration system. The outer casing is a cylindrical shape with a bottom. One side wall has two air ports: the one near the bottom is a negative pressure port 3d, which connects to the intake channel 2e of the air reversing valve 2 when the valve core 2h is switched to the first position (solder suction mode); the one in the middle is a positive pressure port 3c, which connects to the blowing channel 2d of the air reversing valve 2 when the valve core 2h is switched to the second position (blowing mode). The other side wall has a connecting port 3g in the middle, which connects to the hollow heating element 4. A high-temperature resistant sponge filter screen is placed in the bottom cavity as a secondary filter screen 3e, and a stainless steel metal filter screen is embedded above the secondary filter screen 3e as a primary filter screen 3f. When in solder suction mode, airflow carrying solder dross enters the filter cavity. First, the primary filter screen 3f intercepts larger solder dross particles, and then the secondary filter screen 3e adsorbs fine solder dust and fumes. A cleaning port 3b is provided at the top and equipped with a sealing cap 3a. The sealing cap 3a is used to open and close the cleaning port 3b to pour out residual solder dross and replace the filter screen. In this embodiment, the sealing cap 3a is threaded and equipped with a silicone sealing ring to ensure airtightness.

[0028] Hollow heating element 4: It uses a stainless steel outer tube 4a, with a copper heat-conducting fixing component 4d embedded inside. A ceramic heating core 4c surrounds this fixing component. An independent stainless steel inner tube 4b is embedded inside the copper fixing component 4d, and the rear end of this inner tube is connected to the air outlet of the air filter 3. The front end of the copper fixing component 4d is machined with an M6 external thread 4e.

[0029] Nozzle 5: Made of copper alloy with nickel plating, and has an M6 internal thread at the tail, which can be screwed into the copper fixing part 4d of the hollow heating tube 4 with an M6 external thread 4e at the front end. Depending on the application, the nozzle head can be equipped with a round nozzle with a diameter of 1.0mm, 1.3mm, or 1.6mm, or a flat nozzle with a width of 2.6mm or 3.6mm.

[0030] Circuit control board 6: Utilizing an STM32F103 series microcontroller as the core controller. It features an onboard 0.28-inch three-digit LED display 6b, used to display the real-time temperature of the hollow heating element 4 and the working status of the desoldering gun. Two touch-sensitive temperature adjustment buttons 6c are provided, supporting temperature settings in 5℃ increments within the range of 280℃ to 450℃, with a default operating temperature of 350℃. The board also includes a main power switch 6d and a single air pump switch 6a.

[0031] Workflow: Desoldering mode: (For the airflow path and valve core 2h air passage position in the desoldering mode, please refer to...) Figure 2 (As shown).

[0032] 1. Turn on the main power switch 6d of the equipment. The circuit control board 6 will start, the hollow heating tube 4 will start heating, and the digital tube display 6b will show that the temperature has risen to the set value (e.g., 350℃).

[0033] 2. Move the handle 2a of the air reversing valve 2 to the desoldering position 2b. The suction channel 2e connects the suction port 1a of the vacuum pump 1 and the negative pressure port 3d of the air filter 3, forming a negative pressure air path together with the front airflow channel; the exhaust channel 2f connects to the blowing port 1b of the vacuum pump 1.

[0034] 3. Align the preheated nozzle 5 with the solder joint of the component to be removed. After the solder has completely melted, press the air pump switch 6a.

[0035] 4. When vacuum pump 1 starts, negative pressure is generated at suction port 1a, and molten solder is drawn in from nozzle 5, flowing sequentially through the stainless steel inner tube 4b of hollow heating tube 4 and air filter 3. Solder dross and fumes are filtered by primary filter screen 3f and secondary filter screen 3e, respectively. The filtered air flows through the suction channel 2e of air reversing valve 2, is drawn in by suction port 1a of vacuum pump 1, and is finally discharged to the outside through exhaust channel 2f from air outlet 1b.

[0036] Air-blowing anti-blocking mode: (For the airflow path and valve core 2h air passage position in the air-blowing anti-blocking mode, please refer to...) Figure 3 (As shown).

[0037] 1. When the suction force is felt to decrease or after a batch of work is completed, switch the handle 2a of the air reversing valve 2 to the blowing position 2c. The blowing channel 2d connects the air pump blowing port 1b and the positive pressure air port 3c of the air filter 3, forming a positive pressure air path together with the front airflow channel; the air intake channel 2g connects to the air intake port 1a.

[0038] 2. Aim nozzle 5 at the tin dross collection container.

[0039] 3. Press the air pump switch 6a.

[0040] 4. Vacuum pump 1 starts, and air outlet 1b generates positive pressure airflow. After passing through air outlet 2d of reversing valve 2, the airflow flows in the opposite direction through air filter 3 and hollow heating tube 4, and finally exits from nozzle 5, quickly removing solder slag and residual solder from air filter 3 and hollow heating tube 4. At the same time, air outlet 1a draws in air through air inlet channel 2g to maintain the normal operation cycle of the air pump.

[0041] Hot air assist mode: 1. When the internal channel of the desoldering gun is kept clean, keep the hollow heating element 4 in the heating state (the temperature is adjustable and set as needed).

[0042] 2. Set the air reversing valve 2 to the blowing position 2c.

[0043] 3. Press the air pump switch 6a to output high-temperature hot air from the suction nozzle 5, which can be used for auxiliary work such as heat shrink tubing shrinking and preheating of small components.

[0044] Example 2: Split-type desoldering system This invention can also be implemented as a split structure to meet the needs of high-intensity, batch operations at fixed workstations. In this embodiment, the dual-purpose suction and blowing micro vacuum pump 1, the circuit control board 6, and the air reversing valve 2 are integrated into a separate control console. The air reversing valve 2 is an electrically operated reversing valve. The control console is connected to the handheld gun body via a composite pipeline (containing air lines and power lines). The handheld gun body only includes necessary components such as the hollow heating element 4, the suction nozzle 5, and the air filter 3.

[0045] The control panel features a mode switching button to control the electric reversing valve, enabling electronic switching between "solder suction" and "air blowing" modes. The split design accommodates vacuum pumps 1 with larger flow rates (e.g., ≥15 LPM) and hollow heating elements 4 with higher power (e.g., ≥100 W), providing more stable and powerful airflow and faster heating capabilities. It is particularly suitable for components with large solder leads, such as quick-release connectors and heat sinks. Its core working principle—based on bidirectional airflow and the coordinated operation of the valve core 2h for anti-clogging cleaning and functional expansion—is identical to that of Embodiment 1.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A suction and blow dual-purpose anti-clogging desoldering gun, comprising a suction and blow dual-purpose miniature vacuum pump (1), an air reversing valve (2), an air filter (3), a hollow heating element (4), a suction nozzle (5), and a circuit control board (6), characterized in that: The dual-purpose suction and blowing micro vacuum pump (1) has an independent suction port (1a) and blowing port (1b), and both the suction port (1a) and the blowing port (1b) are connected to the input end of the air reversing valve (2); the circuit control board (6) is provided with a single air pump switch (6a) for controlling the start and stop of the dual-purpose suction and blowing micro vacuum pump (1); the air reversing valve (2) is provided with an operable lever (2a) or mode switching component for changing the connection state of its internal air path; the suction nozzle (5), the hollow heating tube (4) and the air filter (3) are connected in sequence to form a front airflow channel; the output end of the air reversing valve (2) is configured to selectively connect the front airflow channel to either the suction port (1a) or the blowing port (1b) when the connection state of its internal air path changes.

2. The suction and blow bidirectional anti-clogging desoldering gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air reversing valve (2) has four independent air passages inside its valve core (2h), including an air blowing passage (2d), an air intake passage (2e), an air exhaust passage (2f), and an air inlet passage (2g). When the valve core (2h) is switched to the first position, the air intake passage (2e) connects the air intake port (1a) and the front airflow passage, and the air exhaust passage (2f) connects the air blowing port (1b). When the valve core (2h) is switched to the second position, the air blowing passage (2d) connects the air blowing port (1b) and the front airflow passage, and the air inlet passage (2g) connects the air intake port (1a).

3. The suction and blow bidirectional anti-clogging desoldering gun according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air filter (3) has a negative pressure port (3d), a positive pressure port (3c), and a connecting port (3g) connected to the hollow heating tube (4) on its housing. When the valve core (2h) is switched to the first position, the negative pressure port (3d) is connected to the air intake channel (2e) of the air reversing valve (2). When the valve core (2h) is switched to the second position, the positive pressure port (3c) is connected to the air blowing channel (2d) of the air reversing valve (2).

4. The suction and blow bidirectional anti-clogging desoldering gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air filter (3) has a two-stage filtration structure, including a primary filter (3f) and a secondary filter (3e). The primary filter (3f) is a metal filter, and the secondary filter (3e) is a high-temperature resistant sponge filter. The air filter (3) is provided with a cleaning port (3b) with a sealing cover (3a).

5. The suction and blow bidirectional anti-clogging desoldering gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit control board (6) integrates a digital tube display screen (6b) and temperature adjustment buttons (6c).

6. The suction and blow bidirectional anti-clogging desoldering gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction nozzle (5) is a detachable structure, made of copper alloy and with a composite plating on its surface; the desoldering hole at the head of the suction nozzle (5) is a round hole or a flat hole, the diameter of the round hole is 0.8mm to 2mm, and the width of the flat hole is 2.5mm to 4mm; the tail of the suction nozzle (5) is provided with a threaded connection structure, which is detachably connected to the front end of the hollow heating tube (4).

7. The suction and blow bidirectional anti-clogging desoldering gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air reversing valve (2) is a manually operated reversing valve or an electric reversing valve.

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