A laser spot welding apparatus

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of laser spot welding equipment, it includes laser and air curtain protection device;The air curtain protection device includes first fan-shaped air passage, second fan-shaped air passage, third fan-shaped air passage, fourth fan-shaped air passage being evenly distributed and being arranged around the laser;The first fan-shaped air passage is oppositely arranged with the third fan-shaped air passage, and the second fan-shaped air passage is oppositely arranged with the fourth fan-shaped air passage;The first fan-shaped air passage and the third fan-shaped air passage are communicated with inert gas by first proportional valve and second proportional valve respectively, and the second fan-shaped air passage and the fourth fan-shaped air passage are communicated with inert gas by third proportional valve.The utility model technical scheme aims at realizing the flexible switching of side blowing protection and coaxial purging protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser welding equipment technology, and in particular to a laser spot welding device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser spot welding equipment typically consists of a laser, a light guiding system, and a worktable. During the welding process, a high-energy laser beam instantly melts the material to form a molten pool, which is then rapidly cooled and solidified to achieve a connection. However, this process generates metal vapor and spatter, which can easily contaminate the focusing optical lenses of the laser, leading to lens damage and laser energy attenuation. Furthermore, when welding highly reflective materials such as aluminum alloys and copper alloys, the metal vapor is easily ionized to form a plasma cloud, which shields the incident laser. Therefore, an effective protective gas curtain is needed to isolate the laser from air, suppress plasma, and protect the optical lenses.

[0003] However, existing laser spot welding equipment commonly uses two main types of air curtain protection: one is coaxial shielding gas, where the airflow is coaxial with the laser beam and sprayed vertically downwards. Its advantage is that it can uniformly cover the weld point 360° and provide good anti-oxidation protection, but its ability to laterally disperse plasma and spatter is weak, especially when dealing with highly reflective materials. The other is side-blown shielding gas, which blows air from the side through an independent nozzle with a fixed angle. Its advantage is that it can effectively disperse plasma and spatter, but the airflow direction is fixed and cannot flexibly adapt to different welding paths or workpiece geometries. Moreover, when vertical downward cleaning protection is required, the side-blown airflow may become a source of interference. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser spot welding device that allows for flexible switching between side-blowing protection and coaxial purge protection.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A laser spot welding device includes a laser and an air curtain protection device;

[0007] The air curtain protection device includes a first fan-shaped air channel, a second fan-shaped air channel, a third fan-shaped air channel, and a fourth fan-shaped air channel that are evenly distributed and arranged around the laser; the first fan-shaped air channel and the third fan-shaped air channel are arranged opposite to each other, and the second fan-shaped air channel and the fourth fan-shaped air channel are arranged opposite to each other.

[0008] The first sector-shaped gas channel and the third sector-shaped gas channel are respectively connected to the inert gas through a first proportional valve and a second proportional valve, and the second sector-shaped gas channel and the fourth sector-shaped gas channel are connected to the inert gas through a third proportional valve.

[0009] Specifically, both the second and fourth sector-shaped air passages are provided with a first flow guiding structure; the first flow guiding structure includes multiple first flow guiding blades, a first connecting rod, and a first lever;

[0010] In the second sector-shaped air passage, multiple first guide vanes are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the second sector-shaped air passage, the first connecting rod is hinged to the first guide vane, the first lever is slidably engaged with the first connecting rod in the Z-axis direction, and the other end of the first lever extends out of the second sector-shaped air passage and slidably engages with the wall of the second sector-shaped air passage in the X direction.

[0011] In the fourth sector-shaped air passage, multiple first guide vanes are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the fourth sector-shaped air passage, the first connecting rod is hinged to the first guide vane, the first lever is slidably engaged with the first connecting rod in the Z-axis direction, and the other end of the first lever extends out of the fourth sector-shaped air passage and is slidably engaged with the wall of the fourth sector-shaped air passage in the X-direction.

[0012] Specifically, the first lever in the second sector-shaped air passage is connected to the first lever in the fourth sector-shaped air passage via a connecting rod.

[0013] Specifically, both the first fan-shaped air passage and the third fan-shaped air passage are provided with a second flow guiding structure; the second flow guiding structure includes multiple second flow guiding blades, a second connecting rod, and a second lever; the second flow guiding blades are arranged parallel to the first flow guiding blades;

[0014] In the first sector-shaped air passage, multiple second guide vanes are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the first sector-shaped air passage, the second connecting rod is hinged to the second guide vanes, the second lever is slidably engaged with the second connecting rod in the X-axis direction, and the other end of the second lever extends out of the first sector-shaped air passage and slidably engages with the wall of the first sector-shaped air passage in the Z-direction.

[0015] In the third sector-shaped air passage, multiple second guide vanes are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the third sector-shaped air passage, the second connecting rod is hinged to the second guide vanes, the second lever is slidably engaged with the second connecting rod in the X-axis direction, and the other end of the second lever extends out of the third sector-shaped air passage and is slidably engaged with the wall of the third sector-shaped air passage in the Z-direction.

[0016] Specifically, the second lever is located in the middle of the second link and is positioned close to the laser.

[0017] Specifically, the first, second, third, and fourth fan-shaped air channels each have multiple arc-shaped air inlets concentric with the laser.

[0018] Specifically, the first, second, third, and fourth fan-shaped air channels each have multiple air holes concentric with the laser, and the air holes are arranged in a ring array.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This utility model's technical solution effectively achieves flexible switching between lateral purging and coaxial purging by configuring an air curtain protection device. Specifically, the first, second, third, and fourth fan-shaped air channels, evenly distributed and surrounding the laser, are configured such that the first and third fan-shaped air channels, which are arranged opposite each other, are controlled by independent first and second proportional valves, respectively, while the second and fourth fan-shaped air channels are linked and controlled by a third proportional valve. This allows the device to generate two core airflow modes: when all proportional valves supply air at the same opening, the four fan-shaped air channels work together to form a uniform and stable vertically downward laminar air curtain, achieving basic protection; under specific working conditions such as welding highly reflective materials, by adjusting the opening difference between the first and second proportional valves, for example, closing one and opening the other, the airflow balance of the first and third fan-shaped air channels arranged in the east-west direction can be broken, causing the resultant force of the airflow to tilt, thereby achieving an effective lateral purging effect without the need for additional moving parts, accurately dispersing the plasma, and perfectly unifying vertical protection and directional adjustable purging functions in one device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that this utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the laser spot welding equipment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of part of the structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a control principle diagram of a part of the structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Exploded view of a partial structure;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A structural diagram of part of the structure from another angle;

[0028] Illustrations: 100, Laser spot welding equipment; 110, Laser; 120, Air curtain protection device; 121, First sector-shaped air duct; 122, Second sector-shaped air duct; 123, Third sector-shaped air duct; 124, Fourth sector-shaped air duct; 125, First proportional valve; 126, Second proportional valve; 127, Third proportional valve; 128, Arc-shaped air inlet; 130, First flow guide structure; 131, First flow guide vane; 132, First connecting rod; 133, First lever; 140, Second flow guide structure; 141, Second flow guide vane; 142, Second connecting rod; 143, Second lever. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the technical objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be a component centrally located at the same time.

[0031] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] This utility model embodiment provides a laser spot welding device 100.

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 5The laser spot welding equipment 100 includes a laser 110 and an air curtain protection device 120.

[0034] The air curtain protection device 120 includes a first fan-shaped air channel 121, a second fan-shaped air channel 122, a third fan-shaped air channel 123, and a fourth fan-shaped air channel 124 that are evenly distributed and arranged around the laser 110; the first fan-shaped air channel 121 and the third fan-shaped air channel 123 are arranged opposite to each other, and the second fan-shaped air channel 122 and the fourth fan-shaped air channel 124 are arranged opposite to each other;

[0035] The first sector-shaped air passage 121 and the third sector-shaped air passage 123 are respectively connected to the inert gas through the first proportional valve 125 and the second proportional valve 126, and the second sector-shaped air passage 122 and the fourth sector-shaped air passage 124 are connected to the inert gas through the third proportional valve 127.

[0036] It is understood that the technical solution of this embodiment effectively achieves flexible switching between lateral blowing and coaxial blowing by configuring the air curtain protection device 120. Specifically, the first sector-shaped air duct 121, the second sector-shaped air duct 122, the third sector-shaped air duct 123, and the fourth sector-shaped air duct 124, which are evenly distributed and surround the laser 110, are particularly well-defined. The first sector-shaped air duct 121 and the third sector-shaped air duct 123 are controlled by independent first proportional valves 125 and second proportional valves 126, respectively, while the second sector-shaped air duct 122 and the fourth sector-shaped air duct 124 are controlled by a third proportional valve 127. This allows the device to generate two core airflow modes: when all proportional valves supply air at the same opening, the four sector-shaped air ducts... The air channels work together to form a uniform and stable vertically downward laminar air curtain, achieving basic protection. In specific working conditions such as welding highly reflective materials, by adjusting the opening difference of the first and second proportional valves 126, for example, closing one and opening the other, the airflow balance of the first sector air channel 121 and the third sector air channel 123 set in the east-west direction can be broken, causing the resultant force of the airflow to tilt. This achieves an effective lateral sweeping effect without the need for additional moving parts, accurately dispersing the plasma. It perfectly unifies vertical protection and directional adjustable sweeping functions in one device.

[0037] Specifically, the laser 110 is a device that generates the laser beam required for welding. It specifically includes a laser welding head. The air curtain protection device 120 is an annular gas supply structure arranged around the laser beam exit path. Optionally, this gas supply structure functionally divides a complete annular gas path into four independent sector-shaped regions.

[0038] The first sector-shaped air channel 121, the second sector-shaped air channel 122, the third sector-shaped air channel 123, and the fourth sector-shaped air channel 124 are arranged in a ring-shaped symmetrical arrangement around the central axis of the laser 110, and are located in the same horizontal plane surrounding the laser beam.

[0039] Optionally, the first sector-shaped air passage 121, the second sector-shaped air passage 122, the third sector-shaped air passage 123, and the fourth sector-shaped air passage 124 divide a complete 360-degree annular channel into four equal parts, each covering a sector-shaped area of ​​approximately 90 degrees. They can be integrated and manufactured into a single annular air chamber, separated into four independent cavities by internal partitions; alternatively, they can be four independent sector-shaped modules combined and fixed together to form a surrounding structure.

[0040] The first fan-shaped air passage 121 is arranged opposite to the third fan-shaped air passage 123, and the second fan-shaped air passage 122 is arranged opposite to the fourth fan-shaped air passage 124. It can be understood that the first fan-shaped air passage 121 and the third fan-shaped air passage 123 are located on opposite sides of the X-axis or east-west direction, and the second fan-shaped air passage 122 and the fourth fan-shaped air passage 124 are located on opposite sides of the Y-axis or north-south direction. This pairwise arrangement forms the basis for directional airflow.

[0041] Furthermore, the first proportional valve 125, the second proportional valve 126, and the third proportional valve 127 are valves capable of receiving control signals and precisely adjusting the outlet airflow or pressure. Specific implementations may include electromagnetic proportional valves, piezoelectric proportional valves, or electro-proportional valves. They are controlled by an electrical control system such as a PLC or a dedicated controller to achieve stepless adjustment of the opening degree.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the inert gas refers to a chemically stable gas used to protect the welding area, typically sourced from high-pressure gas cylinders or a central gas supply system. Specific implementations include, but are not limited to, argon (Ar), nitrogen (N2), or mixtures thereof.

[0043] In one operating state, when the first proportional valve 125 is fully open and the second proportional valve 126 is fully closed, or vice versa, gas flows out only from one side of the first or third gas passage. This transforms the protective gas from a symmetrical vertical air curtain into a strong "sweeping" airflow from one side to the other. This mode most effectively disperses the plasma cloud and spatter generated during welding in a specific direction.

[0044] It should also be noted that the above technical solution, by adopting a unique structure in which four evenly distributed fan-shaped air channels are independently controlled by three proportional valves, successfully solves the problem in the background technology of being unable to simultaneously achieve vertical protection and directional sweeping. The advantage of this solution is that it does not require any mechanical moving parts to change the shape or direction of the nozzle. It can seamlessly switch between providing a uniform vertical downward protective air curtain and generating a directionally controllable lateral sweeping effect simply by electronically adjusting the opening of each proportional valve. This makes the equipment structure more compact and reliable, and at the same time achieves precise and flexible control of the plasma suppression effect when welding high reflectivity materials, significantly improving process adaptability and welding quality.

[0045] Please continue reading. Figures 2 to 5 In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a first flow guiding structure 130 is provided in both the second fan-shaped air passage 122 and the fourth fan-shaped air passage 124; the first flow guiding structure 130 includes a plurality of first flow guiding blades 131, a first connecting rod 132 and a first lever 133;

[0046] In the second sector-shaped air passage 122, a plurality of first guide vanes 131 are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the second sector-shaped air passage 122, the first connecting rod 132 is hinged to the first guide vanes 131, the first lever 133 is slidably engaged with the first connecting rod 132 in the Z-axis direction, and the other end of the first lever 133 extends out of the second sector-shaped air passage 122 and is slidably engaged with the wall of the second sector-shaped air passage 122 in the X-direction.

[0047] In the fourth sector-shaped air passage 124, a plurality of first guide vanes 131 are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the fourth sector-shaped air passage 124, the first connecting rod 132 is hinged to the first guide vanes 131, the first lever 133 is slidably engaged with the first connecting rod 132 in the Z-axis direction, and the other end of the first lever 133 extends out of the fourth sector-shaped air passage 124 and is slidably engaged with the wall of the fourth sector-shaped air passage 124 in the X-direction.

[0048] Understandably, the first guide structure 130 primarily guides the airflow mechanically to change its exit angle before leaving the airway outlet, thereby achieving more accurate vertical and inclined purging. Multiple first guide vanes 131, first connecting rods 132, and first levers 133 constitute a linkage mechanism, used to synchronously convert the linear motion of a single lever into the rotational motion of all first guide vanes 131, thereby controlling the air outlet exit direction.

[0049] Specifically, the first lever 133 and the first connecting rod 132 slide in the Z-axis direction. A possible implementation is as follows: an elongated hole or guide groove is formed in the first connecting rod 132, and the end of the first lever 133 is inserted into the groove; or, a slider is provided at the end of the first lever 133, which is constrained within a guide rail of the first connecting rod 132, and the sliding direction is restricted to the Z-axis. This design allows the connecting rod to both translate and rotate slightly when adjusting the angle, while the first lever primarily performs linear motion, thereby assisting in achieving a relative seal between the first lever 133 and the airway housing when sliding in the X-axis direction.

[0050] The specific implementation of the sliding engagement between the first lever 133 and the airway housing in the X direction can be as follows: a straight guide groove in the X direction is machined on the airway wall, the first lever 133 passes through this groove, and engages with it through a bushing or sealing slider, so as to ensure smooth sliding and as much airtightness as possible.

[0051] Furthermore, the sliding setting of the first lever 133 in the X direction ensures precise adjustment of the first guide vane 131.

[0052] Based on the above embodiment, the first lever 133 in the second sector-shaped air passage 122 and the first lever 133 in the fourth sector-shaped air passage 124 are connected by a connecting rod (not shown). It is understood that the main purpose is to achieve simultaneous and synchronous adjustment, reducing adjustment time and difficulty.

[0053] Please continue reading. Figures 2 to 5 In one specific embodiment, both the first fan-shaped air passage 121 and the third fan-shaped air passage 123 are provided with a second flow guiding structure 140; the second flow guiding structure 140 includes a plurality of second flow guiding blades 141, a second connecting rod 142 and a second lever 143; the second flow guiding blades 141 are arranged in parallel with the first flow guiding blades 131;

[0054] In the first sector-shaped air passage 121, a plurality of second guide vanes 141 are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the first sector-shaped air passage 121, the second connecting rod 142 is hinged to the second guide vanes 141, the second lever 143 is slidably engaged with the second connecting rod 142 in the X-axis direction, and the other end of the second lever 143 extends out of the first sector-shaped air passage 121 and is slidably engaged with the wall of the first sector-shaped air passage 121 in the Z-direction.

[0055] In the third sector-shaped air passage 123, a plurality of second guide vanes 141 are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the third sector-shaped air passage 123, the second connecting rod 142 is hinged to the second guide vanes 141, the second lever 143 is slidably engaged with the second connecting rod 142 in the X-axis direction, and the other end of the second lever 143 extends out of the third sector-shaped air passage 123 and is slidably engaged with the wall of the third sector-shaped air passage 123 in the Z-direction.

[0056] It is understandable that both the first fan-shaped air passage 121 and the third fan-shaped air passage 123 are provided with a second flow guiding structure 140, which means that all four fan-shaped air passages have the ability to mechanically adjust the airflow angle, thus achieving more comprehensive control over the entire annular air curtain's emission direction.

[0057] Specifically, the second guide vane 141 is arranged parallel to the first guide vane 131, meaning that the second guide vane 141 and the first guide vane 131 have the same or similar ability to adjust the airflow direction. The second lever 143 and the second connecting rod 142 are slidably engaged in the X-axis direction. In a specific embodiment, the second lever 143 slides relative to the second connecting rod 142 in a direction parallel to the X-axis. One implementation is to create a guide groove in the X-axis direction on the second connecting rod 142, and insert the end of the second lever 143 into the groove. The other end of the second lever 143 is slidably engaged with the wall of the first fan-shaped air passage 121 in the Z-axis direction. Specifically, the opening through which the second lever 143 passes through the air passage wall is a structure that allows it to slide in the vertical direction or the Z-axis direction, thereby assisting in achieving a sealing engagement between the air passage wall and the second lever 143.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, the second lever 143 is located in the middle of the second connecting rod 142 and is positioned close to the laser 110. It is understood that the position of the second lever 143 is primarily intended to achieve accurate control of the rotation of the second guide vane 141. Furthermore, the position of the second lever 143 differs between the typical first fan-shaped air passage 121 and the second fan-shaped air passage 122. By specifically positioning the second lever 143 at the center of the second connecting rod 142 and placing it close to the laser 110, a highly efficient and stable lever transmission system is created. When the second lever 143 moves in the Z direction, it can generate a uniform driving force on the second connecting rod 142 through the connection point in the middle, thereby ensuring that all the second guide vanes 141 achieve precise synchronous deflection. This effectively prevents problems such as jamming or uncontrolled guide vane angles that may be caused by eccentric driving force. At the same time, concentrating the moving parts in the area close to the center of the equipment optimizes space utilization, making the structure of the entire air curtain protection device 120 more compact and the internal force flow transmission more reasonable, greatly improving the reliability and service life of mechanical adjustment.

[0059] It should also be noted that in all the above embodiments, the first fan-shaped air channel 121, the second fan-shaped air channel 122, the third fan-shaped air channel 123, and the fourth fan-shaped air channel 124 are each formed with a plurality of arc-shaped air ports 128 concentric with the laser 110.

[0060] Understandably, the concentric arc-shaped air inlet 128 perfectly matches the natural diffusion pattern of the airflow, allowing the gas flowing out from all directions to uniformly point towards the central laser beam along the radial direction, thus easily merging to form a stable, continuous, and symmetrical annular laminar flow air curtain; reducing the generation of turbulence and vortices inside the airflow, ensuring the stability and sealing of the air curtain.

[0061] Optionally, the first fan-shaped air channel 121, the second fan-shaped air channel 122, the third fan-shaped air channel 123, and the fourth fan-shaped air channel 124 are each formed with a plurality of air holes concentric with the laser 110, and the air holes are arranged in a ring array.

[0062] Understandably, discrete perforated structures have higher mechanical strength than slits, are easier to process and less prone to deformation, and the blockage of a single pore does not severely affect the function of the entire airway as it does the destruction of a continuous slit. Thus, while ensuring uniform and stable airflow output, the reliability and economy of the air curtain device are improved.

[0063] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser spot welding device, characterized in that, Includes lasers and air curtain protection devices; The air curtain protection device includes a first fan-shaped air channel, a second fan-shaped air channel, a third fan-shaped air channel, and a fourth fan-shaped air channel that are evenly distributed and arranged around the laser; the first fan-shaped air channel and the third fan-shaped air channel are arranged opposite to each other, and the second fan-shaped air channel and the fourth fan-shaped air channel are arranged opposite to each other. The first sector-shaped gas channel and the third sector-shaped gas channel are respectively connected to the inert gas through a first proportional valve and a second proportional valve, and the second sector-shaped gas channel and the fourth sector-shaped gas channel are connected to the inert gas through a third proportional valve.

2. The laser spot welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the second and fourth sector-shaped air passages are provided with a first flow guiding structure; the first flow guiding structure includes multiple first flow guiding blades, a first connecting rod, and a first lever; In the second sector-shaped air passage, multiple first guide vanes are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the second sector-shaped air passage, the first connecting rod is hinged to the first guide vane, the first lever is slidably engaged with the first connecting rod in the Z-axis direction, and the other end of the first lever extends out of the second sector-shaped air passage and slidably engages with the wall of the second sector-shaped air passage in the X direction. In the fourth sector-shaped air passage, multiple first guide vanes are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the fourth sector-shaped air passage, the first connecting rod is hinged to the first guide vane, the first lever is slidably engaged with the first connecting rod in the Z-axis direction, and the other end of the first lever extends out of the fourth sector-shaped air passage and is slidably engaged with the wall of the fourth sector-shaped air passage in the X-direction.

3. The laser spot welding equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first lever in the second sector-shaped air passage is connected to the first lever in the fourth sector-shaped air passage via a connecting rod.

4. The laser spot welding equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first and third fan-shaped air passages are provided with a second flow guiding structure; the second flow guiding structure includes multiple second flow guiding blades, a second connecting rod, and a second lever; the second flow guiding blades are arranged parallel to the first flow guiding blades; In the first sector-shaped air passage, multiple second guide vanes are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the first sector-shaped air passage, the second connecting rod is hinged to the second guide vanes, the second lever is slidably engaged with the second connecting rod in the X-axis direction, and the other end of the second lever extends out of the first sector-shaped air passage and slidably engages with the wall of the first sector-shaped air passage in the Z-direction. In the third sector-shaped air passage, multiple second guide vanes are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the third sector-shaped air passage, the second connecting rod is hinged to the second guide vanes, the second lever is slidably engaged with the second connecting rod in the X-axis direction, and the other end of the second lever extends out of the third sector-shaped air passage and is slidably engaged with the wall of the third sector-shaped air passage in the Z-direction.

5. The laser spot welding equipment as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The second lever is located in the middle of the second link and is positioned close to the laser.

6. The laser spot welding equipment as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first, second, third, and fourth fan-shaped air channels each have multiple arc-shaped air inlets concentric with the laser.

7. The laser spot welding equipment as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first, second, third, and fourth fan-shaped air channels each have multiple air holes arranged concentrically around the laser, and the air holes are arranged in a ring array.

Images