Railway well flat car body assembly system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway concave bottom flat car body assembly system. The system includes two rows of middle part underframe inspection spare, two rows of side wall inspection spare, two rows of middle part underframe support spare and two end part underframe support spare. The system can improve car body assembly efficiency, guarantee car body assembly quality, and the system is simple in structure, stable and reliable and strong in universality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system. Background Technology

[0002] When assembling railway concave-bottom flatcar bodies using a simple assembly table, workers need to frequently inspect and adjust various components of the car body, resulting in high labor intensity and low production efficiency. There is a need to develop an assembly system suitable for assembling railway concave-bottom flatcar bodies. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system, which simplifies the operation and ensures reliable assembly quality during the assembly of railway concave-bottom flatcar bodies.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system, comprising: two rows of central underframe inspection parts, two rows of sidewall inspection parts, two rows of central underframe support parts and two end underframe support parts;

[0005] The top of the central underframe inspection piece includes a first top surface, a vertical connecting surface, and a second top surface. The first top surface is higher than the second top surface, and both are horizontal planes. The vertical connecting surface is a vertical plane that connects the first top surface and the second top surface. The first top surface, the vertical connecting surface, and the second top surface are connected to form a stepped structure. The first top surfaces of all central underframe inspection pieces are located on the same horizontal plane, and the vertical connecting surfaces of central underframe inspection pieces in the same row are located on the same vertical plane. The two vertical planes containing the vertical connecting surfaces of two rows of central underframe inspection pieces are parallel. The central underframe inspection pieces in the same row are spaced apart, and each piece's first top surface is closer to the opposite row of central underframe inspection pieces than its own second top surface.

[0006] The working surface of the side wall inspection piece can move bidirectionally along the width direction of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body; in the working state, the working surface is fixed and located above the side wall, and its orthographic projection on the horizontal plane is on the same straight line as the theoretical position of the outer side surface of the upper side beam of the side wall in the horizontal orthographic projection; in the non-working state, the working surface moves away from its corresponding side wall along the direction from the opposite row of side wall inspection pieces to the row of side wall inspection pieces it is in; the lower boundaries of the working surfaces of all side wall inspection pieces are at the same height, and in the working state, the working surfaces of the same row of side wall inspection pieces are located on the same plane, and in the working state, the two planes defined by the working surfaces of the two rows of side wall inspection pieces are parallel and perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0007] The central base frame support provides a horizontal support surface and a vertical support surface. The vertical support surface is connected to the horizontal support surface to form a right-angled dihedral angle, and the horizontal support surface is located on the side of the vertical support surface facing the opposite row of central base frame support components.

[0008] The central base frame support also includes a horizontal pad and a vertical pad. The horizontal pad can be detachably placed on the horizontal support surface, and the vertical pad can be detachably placed on the vertical support surface. The horizontal support surfaces of all central base frame supports are located in the same horizontal plane, and all horizontal pads are of equal thickness. The vertical support surfaces of the same row of central base frame supports are located in the same vertical plane, and all vertical pads are of equal thickness. The two vertical planes defined by the vertical support surfaces of the two rows of central base frame supports are parallel.

[0009] The two end frame supports are used to support the two end frames of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the central base frame inspection component includes a horizontally positioned positioning plate and a horizontally positioned second support plate. The positioning plate is located on the top surface of the second support plate, the positioning plate provides the first top surface and the vertical connecting surface, and the second support plate provides the second top surface.

[0011] In some embodiments, the sidewall inspection component includes an inspection tube, two sealing plates, a pin, and a support structure; the support structure provides support for the inspection tube and allows the inspection tube to move bidirectionally along its length; the inspection tube is a straight tube, with both ends sealed by the two sealing plates, and the sealing plates extend beyond the opening of the inspection tube; both the support structure and the wall of the inspection tube have through holes for the pin to be inserted, and the pin is inserted into the through hole to fix the inspection tube relative to the support structure; the outer surface of the sealing plate of the inspection tube facing the opposite row of sidewall inspection components is the working surface of the sidewall inspection component.

[0012] In some embodiments, the central base frame support further includes a third support plate, which is disposed below the positioning plate and is used to support the positioning plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the end frame support includes a first support plate and a center pin fixed to the middle of the first support plate and protruding upward.

[0014] In some embodiments, the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system further includes a height detection component disposed in the central area of ​​the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system, which provides a horizontal support surface for the height detection equipment.

[0015] In some embodiments, the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system further includes two central detection elements located at both ends of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system along its length, indicating the positions of the two endpoints of a centerline extending along the length of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system.

[0016] In some embodiments, the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system further includes a platform that provides a reference horizontal plane for and supports the central underframe inspection component, the side wall inspection component, the central underframe support component, and the end underframe support component.

[0017] In some implementations, the platform is formed by splicing together multiple sub-platforms.

[0018] In some embodiments, the sub-platform is divided into three layers from top to bottom: an upper plate, an I-beam, and a lower plate. The upper plate is a single, solid structure. The I-beams are multiple pieces connected to form a grid structure. The web of the I-beams is perpendicular to the upper plate. The lower plate consists of multiple pieces used to support the I-beams.

[0019] The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model can conveniently and accurately inspect the position, deformation degree, and whether the central underframe and side walls are centered and symmetrical. It can also provide stable and reliable support and limit the central underframe. The structure is simple and highly versatile. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a top view of a railway flatcar with a concave bottom.

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The image shows the front view of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The image shows a top view of the central underframe of a railway concave-bottom flatcar.

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The front view of the side wall of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body shown.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is the front view of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 7This is a front view of the sub-platform of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a front view of the end frame support component of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a top view of the end frame support component of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a front perspective view of a single central underframe inspection piece of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a top perspective view of a single central underframe inspection piece of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a front view of a single side wall inspection piece of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a top view of a single side wall inspection piece of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model, in which the reinforcing ribs are omitted.

[0033] Figure 14 This is a front view of a single central underframe support component of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 15 This is a top view of a single central underframe support component of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 16 This is a front view of the height detection component of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0036] Figure 17 This is a front view of the height detection component of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0037] Figure 18 This is a top view of the height detection component of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 19 This is a left view of the height detection component of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system of this utility model.

[0039] The reference numerals in the attached diagram are as follows: 100, central base frame; 101, end casting reinforcement seat; 102, lower side beam; 103, crossbeam; 104, central casting reinforcement seat;

[0040] 200. End base frame; 210. Upper center plate;

[0041] 300. Side wall; 301. Side panel; 302. Upper side beam; 303. Side column;

[0042] 1. Platform; 11. Upper plate; 12. Lower plate; 13. I-beam profile;

[0043] 2. End base support; 21. Core pin; 22. First support plate; 23. First upright plate; 24. Countersunk screw; 25. First base plate;

[0044] 3. Central base frame inspection parts; 31. Positioning plate; 32. Second support plate; 33. First column; 34. Second base plate;

[0045] 4. Side wall inspection components; 41. Pin; 411. Pin post; 412. Connecting plate; 413. Handle; 42. Inspection tube; 420. Sealing plate; 43. Second column; 430. Reinforcing rib; 431. Top plate; 44. First diagonal tie; 440. Mounting plate; 45. Positioning plate;

[0046] 5. Central base frame support; 51. Positioning plate; 52. Third support plate; 53. Third column; 54. Third base plate;

[0047] 6. Height detection component; 61. Fourth support plate; 62. Second upright plate; 63. Fourth base plate;

[0048] 7. Central inspection component; 70. Support column; 71. Base; 721. Second diagonal tie; 722. Third diagonal tie; 723. Fourth diagonal tie; 73. Inspection reference indicator; 74. Fourth column;

[0049] 1000, threaded hole;

[0050] F1, horizontal support surface; F2, vertical support surface. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Figures 1 to 4 The diagram schematically illustrates the structure of a railway flatcar with a concave bottom.

[0054] The railway concave-bottom flatcar body includes a central underframe 100, two end underframes 200, and two side walls 300.

[0055] The length of the central underframe 100 is the same as the length of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body. The central underframe 100 is used to provide support for the flat surface of the railway concave-bottom flatcar.

[0056] The two end base frames 200 are welded to both ends of the middle base frame 100, respectively.

[0057] The two side walls 300 are respectively welded to the two long sides of the central base frame 100, and the two side walls 300 extend beyond the two ends of the central base frame 100 along the length direction of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body, and the extended part is welded to the end base frame 200.

[0058] refer to Figure 3 The central base frame 100 includes four lower side beams 102 extending along its length, multiple crossbeams 103 extending along the width direction of the central base frame 100 (perpendicular to the length direction of the central base frame 100), four end casting reinforcement seats 101 located at the four corners of the central base frame 100, and two central casting reinforcement seats 104.

[0059] One of the central casting reinforcement seats 104 connects to two lower side beams 102 to form one long side of the central base frame 100, and the other central casting reinforcement seat 104 connects to the other two lower side beams 102 to form the other long side of the central base frame 100.

[0060] Both the middle casting reinforcing seat 104 and the end casting reinforcing seat 101 are castings, serving as mechanical reinforcements. This invention does not limit the shape or size of either component.

[0061] refer to Figure 14 and combined Figure 3 Under the condition of meeting the assembly accuracy, the lower surfaces of the middle casting reinforcement seat 104 and the end casting reinforcement seat 101 are horizontal planes and the height is the expected height; the outer surfaces of the middle casting reinforcement seat 104 and the end casting reinforcement seat 101 are vertical planes and parallel to the length direction of the middle base frame 100, and the outer surfaces of the middle casting reinforcement seat 104 and the end casting reinforcement seat 101 should be in the expected position.

[0062] The lower side beam 102 is connected to the end casting reinforcement seat 101 at the end away from the middle casting reinforcement seat 104. A crossbeam 103 is connected between the two end base frame 200 casting reinforcement seats that are opposite each other along the width direction of the middle base frame 100. A crossbeam 103 is connected between the two middle casting reinforcement seats 104. A crossbeam 103 is connected between the two lower side beams 102 that are opposite each other along the width direction of the middle base frame 100.

[0063] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 The end casting reinforcement seat 101 is connected to the end base frame 200.

[0064] refer to Figure 4 The side wall 300 includes an upper side beam 302, a side plate 301, and a side column 303.

[0065] The upper side beam 302 defines the upper boundary of the side wall 300, and the upper side beam 302 extends along the length direction of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body.

[0066] The side column 303 extends vertically, and its upper end is connected (e.g., by welding) to the upper side beam 302, while its lower end is connected to the central base frame 100.

[0067] Side plate 301 connects the upper side beam 302 and the side column 303, providing a closed surface for side wall 300.

[0068] refer to Figure 2 The end base frame 200 includes an upper center plate 201, which is located in the middle region of the end base frame 200 in a top view, and the upper center plate 201 forms a downward protrusion.

[0069] refer to Figures 5 to 19 The railway concave-bottom flatcar assembly system provided in Example 1 includes: platform 1, two rows of central underframe inspection parts 3, two rows of side wall inspection parts 4, two rows of central underframe support parts 5, two end underframe support parts 2, height detection parts 6, and two center detection parts 7.

[0070] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Platform 1 supports the two rows of central base frame inspection pieces 3, the two rows of side wall inspection pieces 4, the two rows of central base frame support pieces 5, the two end base frame support pieces 2, and the height detection piece 6, and provides a reference horizontal plane.

[0071] Platform 1 is formed by splicing together eight sub-platforms in two rows and four columns. The upper surface of each sub-platform is a rectangle of 5m × 2m. The upper surfaces of all sub-platforms are of equal height and flat.

[0072] The sub-platform is divided into three layers from top to bottom: upper plate 11, I-beam profile 13, and lower plate 12.

[0073] The upper plate 11 is a single-piece, whole-surface structure, specifically a whole-surface steel plate.

[0074] Multiple I-beam profiles 13 are connected to form a grid structure. Some I-beam profiles 13 extend along the length of the upper plate 11, and some extend along the width of the upper plate 11, forming a rectangular grid. Specifically, each I-beam profile 13 is an I-beam steel. The web of each I-beam profile 13 is perpendicular to the upper plate 11. Multiple lower plates 12 are used to support the I-beam profiles 13 in different areas. This saves material usage on the lower plates 12, reducing costs. The lower plates 12 can be made of steel plate. The upper plate 11 and the I-beam profiles 13 are welded together, as are the I-beam profiles 13 and the lower plates 12.

[0075] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 and combined Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The two end frame supports 2 are used to support the two end frames 300 of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body. The end frame supports 2 are inserted into the upper center plate 201, fixing and supporting the upper center plate 201, ensuring the center distance between the two upper center plates 201 and their respective flatness.

[0076] The end base support 2 includes a center pin 21, a first support plate 22, four first upright plates 23, four countersunk screws 24, and a first base plate 25.

[0077] The first base plate 25 is mounted on the platform 1. Four first upright plates 23 are spliced ​​together to form a square column, and the four first upright plates 23 are vertically fixed to the first base plate 25. Two first support plates 22 close the upper opening of the square column structure, and the two first support plates 22 are fixed together by countersunk screws 24. A center pin 21 is fixed to the middle of the first support plate 22 and protrudes upward from the first support plate 22. To reduce weight, a weight-reducing hole is opened in the center of the first upright plate 23.

[0078] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The top of the central base frame inspection piece 3 includes a first top surface, a vertical connecting surface, and a second top surface. The first top surface is higher than the second top surface and both are horizontal. The vertical connecting surface is a vertical surface and connects the first top surface and the second top surface. The first top surface, the vertical connecting surface, and the second top surface are connected to form a stepped structure.

[0079] In Example 1, the number of inspection pieces 3 in the middle of each row of the base frame is 2.

[0080] Specifically, the central base frame inspection component 3 includes a horizontally positioned positioning plate 31, a horizontally positioned second support plate 32, a second base plate 34, and two first columns 33.

[0081] The positioning plate 31 is located on the top surface of the second support plate 32. The positioning plate 31 provides a first top surface and a vertical connecting surface, and the second support plate 32 provides a second top surface.

[0082] The positioning plate 31 and the second support plate 32 are used to facilitate precise control of the flatness and orientation of the first top surface, the second top surface and the vertical connecting surface.

[0083] The second base plate 34 is set horizontally, and the first column 33 is set vertically and connected between the second base plate 34 and the second support plate 32.

[0084] The first column 33 is set up to adjust the height of the second support plate 32 so that the height of the positioning plate 31 is adapted to the height of the middle underframe 100 of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body to be assembled.

[0085] The first column 33 is a profile with a channel-shaped cross-section.

[0086] Multiple threaded holes 1000 are provided on the positioning plate 31 and the second support plate 32 in a corresponding manner. Screws (not shown) are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes 1000 on the positioning plate 31 and the second support plate 32 to fix the positioning plate 31 and the second support plate 32. The threaded holes 1000 on the positioning plate 31 are stepped holes. The diameter of the upper section (without threads) of the stepped hole is larger than the diameter of the lower section (with threads) of the stepped hole. The screw head is located in the upper section of the stepped hole and the screw head is lower than the top surface of the positioning plate 31.

[0087] The positioning plate 31 is fixed to the second support plate 32 with screws, and the screw caps will not interfere with the inspection of the central base frame 100.

[0088] Both the positioning plate 31 and the second support plate 32 are rectangular plates. The area of ​​the positioning plate 31 is smaller than that of the second support plate 32. In the top view, the three sides of the positioning plate 31 (specifically the boundary of the positioning plate 31 facing the middle of the opposite side of the base frame inspection piece 3 and the two boundaries connected to this boundary) overlap with the three sides of the second support plate 32.

[0089] This configuration facilitates precise control over the position and orientation of the positioning plate 31.

[0090] Combination Figure 10 and Figure 5 All the top surfaces of the central underframe inspection pieces 3 are located on the same horizontal plane, the vertical connecting surfaces of the central underframe inspection pieces 3 in the same row are located on the same vertical plane, and the two vertical planes containing the vertical connecting surfaces of the two rows of central underframe inspection pieces 3 are parallel.

[0091] The middle base frame inspection pieces 3 in the same row are spaced apart, and their first top surfaces are all closer to the middle base frame inspection pieces 3 in the opposite row than their second top surfaces.

[0092] Figure 5 The dotted line shows the railway concave-bottom flatcar body to be assembled. When assembling the railway concave-bottom flatcar body, it is necessary to ensure that the central underframe 100 is horizontal, and that the centerline of the central underframe 100 and the centerline specified by the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system overlap in the horizontal plane.

[0093] Whether the railway concave-bottom flatcar body is level can be determined by measuring or observing whether the vertical distance between the central underframe 100 and the first top surface is equal. (Reference) Figure 10 The vertical distance G1 between the edge of the central base frame 100 (e.g., the end casting reinforcement seat 101 or the lower side beam 102) and the positioning plate 31 should be the expected set distance.

[0094] Under normal circumstances, the orthographic projection of the long side boundary of the central base frame 100 onto the horizontal plane should overlap with the orthographic projection of the vertical connecting surface onto the horizontal plane.

[0095] By measuring or observing whether the long side boundary of the central base frame 100 is exactly located directly above the vertical connecting surface and whether the extension direction of the long side boundary of the central base frame 100 is exactly the extension direction of the center line connecting the vertical connecting surfaces, it is possible to intuitively determine whether the central base frame 100 has rotated or shifted relative to the specified position.

[0096] Before welding the railway concave-bottom flatcar body, the central underframe inspection piece 3 can help determine the placement error of the central underframe 100. After welding the railway concave-bottom flatcar body, the central underframe inspection piece 3 can help determine the assembly error of the central underframe 100.

[0097] The shape and size of the central underframe inspection pieces 3 are all equal. The number of the two rows of central underframe inspection pieces 3 is equal, and they are aligned along the width direction of the central underframe 100, which is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the same row of central underframe inspection pieces 3. This width direction is also the width direction of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body.

[0098] That is, the line connecting the geometric centers of the vertical connecting surfaces of the two opposite central base frame inspection pieces 3 along the width direction is parallel to the aforementioned width direction.

[0099] This design makes it easy to observe whether the central base frame 100 has shifted, rotated, or deformed unevenly.

[0100] In Example 1, the positioning plate 31 is a steel plate. The second support plate 32 consists of two layers of steel plates, which are fixed together by screws. The first column 33 is a channel steel. The second base plate 34 is a steel plate.

[0101] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 Two rows of sidewall inspection pieces 4 are used to inspect the two sidewalls of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body. Each row of sidewall inspection pieces 4 contains six pieces. The two rows of sidewall inspection pieces 4 are equal in number, identical in shape and size, and aligned along their width direction, which is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the same row of sidewall inspection pieces 4. This width direction is also the width direction of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body.

[0102] The sidewall inspection component 4 includes an inspection tube 42, two sealing plates 420, a pin 41, and a support structure. The support structure provides support for the inspection tube 42 and allows it to move bidirectionally along its length. The inspection tube 42 is a straight tube, sealed at both ends by two sealing plates 420, with the sealing plates 420 extending beyond the openings of the inspection tube 42. Both the support structure and the wall of the inspection tube 42 have through holes for the insertion of the pin 41, which is inserted into these holes to fix the inspection tube 42 relative to the support structure. The outer surface of the sealing plates 420 facing the opposite row of sidewall inspection components 4 is the working surface of the sidewall inspection component 4. The inspection tube 42 is a square tube.

[0103] The supporting structure includes two second columns 43, an upper end plate 431, and two positioning plates 45. The second columns 43 are I-shaped profiles (with an I-shaped cross-section). The flanges of the second columns 43 are parallel to the length direction of the side wall. The two second columns 43 are aligned along the length direction of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body. The two positioning plates 45 are respectively fixed on the two side flanges of the second columns 43. Through holes for the movement of the inspection tube 42 are opened on the two positioning plates 45. The upper end plate 431 is fixed on the upper end surface of the two second columns 43. Through holes for the insertion of the pin 41 are opened on the upper end plate 431.

[0104] The pin 41 includes a connecting plate 412, two pins 411, and a handle 413. The connecting plate 412 is fixed on the upper surface of the upper end plate 431. The upper end plate 431 and the inspection tube 42 each have two through holes. The connecting plate 412 has two through holes that are opposite to the through holes on the upper end plate 431. The two pins 411 are inserted into the through holes on the inspection tube 42 through the two through holes on the upper end plate 431 and the connecting plate 412, respectively. The handle 413 is connected to the top of the two pins 411.

[0105] When the pin 41 is inserted into the inspection tube 42, the outer surface of the sealing plate 420 of the inspection tube 42 on the opposite side indicates the theoretical position of the outer surface of the upper beam of the side wall.

[0106] The working surface of the side wall inspection piece 4 can move bidirectionally along the width direction of the railway concave bottom flatcar body; in the working state, the working surface is fixed and located above the side wall, and its orthographic projection on the horizontal plane is on the same straight line as the theoretical position of the outer side surface of the upper side beam of the side wall in the horizontal orthographic projection; in the non-working state, the working surface moves away from its corresponding side wall along the direction from the opposite row of side wall inspection pieces 4 to the row of side wall inspection pieces 4 in which it is located.

[0107] All sidewall inspection pieces 4 have the same lower boundary height on their working surfaces. In the working state, the working surfaces of the same row of sidewall inspection pieces 4 are located on the same plane. In the working state, the two planes defined by the working surfaces of the two rows of sidewall inspection pieces 4 are parallel and perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0108] If the outer surface of the upper beam of the side wall is seamlessly attached to the working surface, it indicates that the outer surface of the side wall is in its expected theoretical position, thus allowing for a direct assessment of the assembly quality of the side wall.

[0109] When not in operation, pull out pin 41 to move the working surface away from the side wall of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body, thus facilitating the lifting of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body.

[0110] refer to Figure 12 To improve the stability of the second column 43, a mounting plate 440 is welded to the outer flange of the I-beam, and then a diagonal tie rod 44 is welded to the mounting plate 440. The diagonal tie rod 44 is a pipe, and its lower end and the lower end of the second column 43 are both welded to a platform (not shown). The platform provides a reference horizontal plane for the side wall inspection piece 4 and supports the side wall inspection piece 4.

[0111] The angle α between the second column 43 and the diagonal tie rod 44 can range from 15° to 40°. This utility model does not limit this value.

[0112] To further enhance the stability of the second column 43, reinforcing ribs 430 are provided at the bottom of both flanges and the web of the I-beam. The reinforcing ribs 430 connected to the flanges are perpendicular to the flanges, and the reinforcing ribs 430 connected to the web are perpendicular to the web. The bottom of the reinforcing ribs 430 is welded to the platform.

[0113] In Example 1, the I-beam profile is an I-beam steel, the inspection tube 42 is a rectangular steel pipe, the diagonal tie rod 44 is a rectangular steel pipe, the handle 413 can be made of either hard or soft material, and the remaining plates are all steel plates.

[0114] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 14 and Figure 15Two rows of central base frame support members 5 support the central base frame 100. Each row of central base frame support members 5 consists of 4 members. The two central base frame support members 5 located at the end positions in the same row are respectively positioned below the end casting reinforcement seats 101 at the corner positions of the central base frame and are opposite to the outer surface of the end casting reinforcement seats 101. The two central base frame support members 5 located in the middle positions in the same row are respectively positioned below the central casting reinforcement seats 104 at the center position of the long side of the central base frame and are opposite to the outer surface of the central casting reinforcement seats 104.

[0115] The central base support 5 includes a positioning plate 51, a third support plate 52, four third columns 53 extending vertically, a third base plate 54, a horizontal pad (not shown), and a vertical pad (not shown).

[0116] The central base frame support 5 provides a horizontal support surface F1 and a vertical support surface F2. The vertical support surface F2 is connected to the horizontal support surface F1 to form a right-angled dihedral angle, and the horizontal support surface F1 is located on the side of the vertical support surface F2 facing the opposite row of central base frame support 5.

[0117] Specifically, the positioning plate 51 is an L-shaped bent plate, providing a horizontal support surface F1 and a vertical support surface F2. Under the condition of meeting assembly accuracy, the distance between the lower surfaces of the middle casting reinforcement seat 104 and the end casting reinforcement seat 101 of the middle base frame 100 and the horizontal support surface F1 should be the expected vertical spacing G01, and the distance between the outer surfaces of the middle casting reinforcement seat 104 and the end casting reinforcement seat 101 of the middle base frame 100 and the vertical support surface F2 should be the expected lateral spacing G02.

[0118] In this embodiment, the expected vertical spacing G01 is 10mm and the expected horizontal spacing G02 is 20mm.

[0119] The third support plate 52 is disposed below the positioning plate 51 and is used to support the positioning plate 51. In this embodiment, the third support plate 52 is a single-layer plate. The third support plate 52 can also be a multi-layer plate stacked together, thereby adjusting the height of the positioning plate 51.

[0120] The third column 53 is located below the positioning plate 51 and is used to support the third support plate 52. The third column 53 is a channel-shaped profile with a channel-shaped cross-section, and the two slots are arranged opposite each other.

[0121] The third base plate 54 is located below the third column 53 and is used to support the third column 53.

[0122] The third column 53 is set up to adjust the height of the third support plate 52 so that the height of the positioning plate 51 and the lower surfaces of the middle casting reinforcement seat 104 and the end casting reinforcement seat 101 of the middle base frame 100 of the railway concave bottom flatcar body to be assembled have the expected vertical distance G01.

[0123] The horizontal pad can be detachably placed on the horizontal support surface F1, and the vertical pad can be detachably placed on the vertical support surface F2. The horizontal and vertical pads are independent plates. The thickness of the horizontal pad is equal to the expected vertical spacing G01, and the thickness of the vertical pad is equal to the expected horizontal spacing G02.

[0124] All horizontal support surfaces F1 of the central base frame support members 5 are located in the same horizontal plane, and all horizontal pads are of equal thickness. The vertical support surfaces F2 of the same row of central base frame support members 5 are located in the same vertical plane, and all vertical pads are of equal thickness. The two vertical planes defined by the vertical support surfaces F2 of the two rows of central base frame support members 5 are parallel.

[0125] Under the condition of meeting the assembly accuracy, the bottom surfaces of the middle casting reinforcement seat 104 and the end casting reinforcement seat 101 of all the middle base frames 100 should be located on the same horizontal plane and at the expected height, and the outer surfaces of the middle casting reinforcement seat 104 and the end casting reinforcement seat 101 of the same row of middle base frames 100 should be located on the same vertical plane and at the expected position.

[0126] When assembling the railway concave-bottom flatcar body, first place a horizontal pad on the horizontal support surface F1. By observing the vertical gap between the upper surface of the horizontal pad and the long side of the central underframe, it is possible to help determine whether the central underframe is level and whether it is deformed. Then, hoist the central underframe 100, keeping it horizontal and without any positional deviation. Next, place a vertical pad on the vertical support surface F2 to eliminate the horizontal gaps between the central casting reinforcement seat 104 and the end casting reinforcement seat 101 and the positioning plate 51. After the railway concave-bottom flatcar body is assembled, remove the vertical pad. Finally, hoist and remove the railway concave-bottom flatcar body. Before placing the vertical pad, by measuring the horizontal gaps between the central casting reinforcement seat 104 and the end casting reinforcement seat 101 and the positioning plate 51, it is also possible to determine whether the deformation of the central underframe 100 exceeds the set requirements and whether the central underframe 100 is tilted.

[0127] refer to Figure 15Multiple threaded holes 1000 are provided on the positioning plate 51 and the third support plate 52 in a corresponding manner. Screws (not shown) are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes 1000 on the positioning plate 51 and the third support plate 52 to fix the positioning plate 51 and the third support plate 52. The threaded holes 1000 on the positioning plate 51 are stepped holes. The diameter of the upper section of the stepped hole is larger than the diameter of the lower section of the stepped hole. The screw head is located in the upper section of the stepped hole and the screw head is lower than the top surface of the positioning plate 51.

[0128] The upper section of the stepped hole accommodates the screw cap, preventing the screw from interfering with the horizontal pad structure.

[0129] refer to Figure 5 The number of the two rows of middle base frame support members 5 is equal and they are aligned along the normal direction of the vertical support surface F2 (that is, the width direction of the middle base frame 100; note that the middle base frame 100 is placed in a position without deviation).

[0130] refer to Figure 5 In the same row of central base frame support members 5, some adjacent central base frame support members 5 are spaced apart, while other adjacent central base frame support members 5 are in contact with each other.

[0131] Specifically, because the central casting reinforcement seat 104 is relatively long, it requires a larger support area. The two central base frame supports 5 opposite to the central casting reinforcement seat 104 are in contact with each other, and the gap between them is negligible. The end casting reinforcement seat 101 requires a smaller support area. There is only one central base frame support 5 opposite to the end casting reinforcement seat 101. Since the end casting reinforcement seat 101 and the central casting reinforcement seat 104 are spaced apart, the corresponding central base frame supports 5 are also spaced apart.

[0132] In this embodiment, the positioning plate 51, the third support plate 52, the third base plate 54, the horizontal pad, and the vertical pad are all steel plates. The third column 53 is a channel steel.

[0133] refer to Figure 16 The height detection component 6 is located in the central area of ​​the railway concave-bottom flatcar assembly system to provide a horizontal support surface for the height detection equipment. The height detection equipment, such as a laser line projector, is used to detect the height of key locations on the railway concave-bottom flatcar body.

[0134] The height detection component 6 includes: a fourth support plate 61, four second uprights 62, and a fourth base plate 63; the fourth base plate 63 is set on the platform 1, the four second uprights 62 are connected to form a square tube, and the fourth support plate 61 closes the upper opening of the square tube structure. In use, the laser projector is placed on the fourth support plate 61.

[0135] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6, Figures 17 to 19 The two central detection components 7 are located at the two ends of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system along its length, indicating the positions of the two endpoints of the center line extending along the length of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system.

[0136] The central testing component 7 includes: multiple support columns 70, two bases 71, a second diagonal brace 721, a third diagonal brace 722, a fourth diagonal brace 723, two testing reference indicators 73, and a fourth column 74.

[0137] Multiple support columns 70 are arranged below the base 71 to raise and support the base 71.

[0138] The two bases 71 are made of channel steel with their openings facing downwards, and are arranged side by side to increase the width of the bases. The extension direction of the bases 71 is the width direction of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body, and they are arranged horizontally.

[0139] The fourth upright post 74 is made of channel steel, with its opening facing outwards along the length of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body. The fourth upright post 74 is vertically mounted on the outermost base 71. The second and third diagonal braces 721 and 722 are located on either side of the fourth upright post 74, with their upper ends connected to the fourth upright post 74 and their lower ends connected to the base 71 where the fourth upright post 74 is located. The upper end of the fourth diagonal brace 723 is connected to the fourth upright post 74, and its lower end is connected to the innermost base 71.

[0140] The detection reference indicator 73 is a block structure with a horizontal upper surface, and it is fixed to the outer side of the groove wall of the fourth column 74. The position where the detection reference indicator 73 connects to the fourth column 74 is the location of the center line.

[0141] Place the two ends of the detection line (not shown) at the positions where the detection reference indicator 73 and the fourth column 74 are connected at the same height as the two central detection components 7, and straighten the detection line. Using the detection line as a reference, measure the vertical distance from the key position of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body at the same height as the detection line to the detection line, so as to determine whether the railway concave-bottom flatcar body is symmetrical from left to right.

[0142] The complete assembly method is described below.

[0143] S1. Hang the two end base frames 200 on the end base frame support 2, adjust the position of the end base frames 200 so that their relative dimensions are qualified, and then fix the end base frames 200. Any conventional method can be used to fix the end base frames 200, and this utility model does not limit this method.

[0144] S2. First, place a horizontal pad on the middle base frame support 5, then suspend the middle base frame 100 on the middle base frame support 5, and then place a vertical pad.

[0145] S3. Adjust the orientation of the central underframe 100 according to the indication of the central underframe inspection piece 3, so that the central underframe 100 is placed horizontally and the center line extending along its length direction overlaps with the center line specified by the railway concave bottom flatcar body assembly system in the horizontal plane.

[0146] S4. Hoist the side wall 300 to both sides of the middle base frame 100 and the end base frame 200, ensuring that the outer side of the upper side beam 302 of the side wall 300 is seamlessly attached to the working surface of the side wall inspection piece 4. In this way, the dimensional and symmetry of the width between the two side walls 300 are guaranteed.

[0147] The next step is vehicle assembly, which involves welding.

[0148] S5. Place a theodolite or laser line projector on the height detection component 6, and during the vehicle assembly process, detect whether the height value of the key position is the expected height value.

[0149] S6. During the car body assembly process, the left-right symmetry of key positions of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body is detected by relying on the central inspection component 7.

[0150] Example 2

[0151] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is only that: the first column 33 is a pipe, and the two I-shaped second columns 43 and the two positioning plates 45 in Example 1 are replaced by a rectangular tube. The upper end of the rectangular tube is closed by the upper end plate 431. The upper end plate 431 is provided with a through hole for the insertion of the pin 41. Through holes for the movement of the inspection tube 42 are opened on the two opposite side walls of the rectangular tube. The third column 53 is a pipe, and the cross-sections of the first column 33, the second column 43 and the third column 53 are all rectangular.

[0152] This utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any modifications, improvements, or substitutions that can be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of this utility model fall within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system, characterized in that, include: Two rows of central base frame inspection components, two rows of side wall inspection components, two rows of central base frame support components, and two end base frame support components; The top of the central underframe inspection piece includes a first top surface, a vertical connecting surface, and a second top surface. The first top surface is higher than the second top surface, and both are horizontal planes. The vertical connecting surface is a vertical plane that connects the first top surface and the second top surface. The first top surface, the vertical connecting surface, and the second top surface are connected to form a stepped structure. The first top surfaces of all central underframe inspection pieces are located on the same horizontal plane, and the vertical connecting surfaces of central underframe inspection pieces in the same row are located on the same vertical plane. The two vertical planes containing the vertical connecting surfaces of two rows of central underframe inspection pieces are parallel. The central underframe inspection pieces in the same row are spaced apart, and each piece's first top surface is closer to the opposite row of central underframe inspection pieces than its own second top surface. The working surface of the side wall inspection piece can move bidirectionally along the width direction of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body; in the working state, the working surface is fixed and located above the side wall, and its orthographic projection on the horizontal plane is on the same straight line as the theoretical position of the outer side surface of the upper side beam of the side wall in the horizontal orthographic projection; in the non-working state, the working surface moves away from its corresponding side wall along the direction from the opposite row of side wall inspection pieces to the row of side wall inspection pieces it is in; the lower boundaries of the working surfaces of all side wall inspection pieces are at the same height, and in the working state, the working surfaces of the same row of side wall inspection pieces are located on the same plane, and in the working state, the two planes defined by the working surfaces of the two rows of side wall inspection pieces are parallel and perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The central base frame support provides a horizontal support surface and a vertical support surface. The vertical support surface is connected to the horizontal support surface to form a right-angled dihedral angle, and the horizontal support surface is located on the side of the vertical support surface facing the opposite row of central base frame support components. The central base frame support also includes a horizontal pad and a vertical pad. The horizontal pad can be detachably placed on the horizontal support surface, and the vertical pad can be detachably placed on the vertical support surface. The horizontal support surfaces of all central base frame supports are located in the same horizontal plane, and all horizontal pads are of equal thickness. The vertical support surfaces of the same row of central base frame supports are located in the same vertical plane, and all vertical pads are of equal thickness. The two vertical planes defined by the vertical support surfaces of the two rows of central base frame supports are parallel. The two end frame supports are used to support the two end frames of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body.

2. The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central base frame inspection component includes a horizontally arranged positioning plate and a horizontally arranged second support plate. The positioning plate is located on the top surface of the second support plate. The positioning plate provides the first top surface and the vertical connecting surface, and the second support plate provides the second top surface.

3. The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewall inspection component includes an inspection tube, two sealing plates, a pin, and a support structure. The support structure provides support for the inspection tube and allows it to move bidirectionally along its length. The inspection tube is a straight tube, with both ends sealed by the two sealing plates, and the sealing plates extend beyond the opening of the inspection tube. Both the support structure and the wall of the inspection tube have through holes for the pin to be inserted into, and the pin is inserted into the through hole to fix the inspection tube relative to the support structure. The outer surface of the sealing plate of the inspection tube facing the opposite row of sidewall inspection components is the working surface of the sidewall inspection component.

4. The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central base frame support also includes a third support plate, which is disposed below the positioning plate and is used to support the positioning plate.

5. The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end frame support includes a first support plate and a center pin fixed to the middle of the first support plate and protruding upward.

6. The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system also includes a height detection component, which is located in the central area of ​​the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system to provide a horizontal support surface for the height detection equipment.

7. The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system also includes two central detection components located at the two ends of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system along its length, indicating the positions of the two endpoints of the centerline extending along the length of the railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system.

8. The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system also includes a platform that provides a reference horizontal plane for the central underframe inspection component, the side wall inspection component, the central underframe support component, and the end underframe support component, and supports the central underframe inspection component, the side wall inspection component, the central underframe support component, and the end underframe support component.

9. The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The platform is formed by splicing together multiple sub-platforms.

10. The railway concave-bottom flatcar body assembly system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sub-platform is divided into three layers from top to bottom: an upper plate, an I-beam, and a lower plate. The upper plate is a single, solid structure. There are multiple I-beams connected to form a grid structure. The web of the I-beam is perpendicular to the upper plate. There are multiple lower plates used to support the I-beams.

Images