Hybrid tractor electric transmission system structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hybrid tractor electric transmission system structures, including generator, it is arranged in first chamber;Driving motor is arranged in third chamber, the driving motor connects hollow shaft, the hollow shaft one end extends to second chamber, the other end extends to fourth chamber and is connected with the driving axle outside shell by speed reducer;PTO axle, it is worn in the hollow shaft, it is connected with generator with one end extending to first chamber, the other end extends to shell outer end and connects agricultural machinery;Coupling device is arranged in second chamber, and is connected with the hollow shaft and PTO axle;Engine is arranged in shell outer end, the output shaft of the engine extends to fourth chamber and is connected with PTO axle by spline coupling;Cooling injection mechanism is equipped on the generator and driving motor corresponding shell, and the cooling injection mechanism is connected with heat exchanger by oil circuit.The utility model novel structure is compact, heat dissipation is efficient, and working mode is various.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of tractor transmission structure, specifically relating to a hybrid tractor electric transmission system structure. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional tractors generally use mechanical or hydraulic transmission systems, which have drawbacks such as low transmission efficiency, high energy consumption, and poor emissions. With increasing environmental protection requirements and the development of electronic control technology, hybrid power systems have become an important direction for tractor upgrades.

[0003] However, most existing hybrid tractor transmission systems have complex structures and insufficient heat dissipation performance, failing to meet the demands of high-power tractors operating under heavy loads for extended periods. Especially during continuous operation in high-temperature environments, the motor and electronic control system are prone to overheating, leading to power reduction or even system failure. Furthermore, existing hybrid systems often operate in a single mode, failing to fully realize the energy-saving potential of hybrid technology. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a hybrid tractor electric transmission system structure that is compact, has high heat dissipation efficiency, and has multiple working modes.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A hybrid tractor electric drive system structure includes a housing, wherein the housing is provided with a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber and a fourth chamber;

[0007] The generator is located in the first chamber;

[0008] A drive motor is arranged in the third chamber. The drive motor is connected to a hollow shaft that can be driven to rotate. One end of the hollow shaft extends into the second chamber, and the other end extends into the fourth chamber and is connected to the drive bridge outside the housing through a reducer.

[0009] The PTO shaft passes through the hollow shaft, with one end extending into the first chamber and connected to the generator, and the other end extending to the outer end of the housing and connected to agricultural machinery.

[0010] A coupling device is arranged in the second chamber and connects the hollow shaft and the PTO shaft. The coupling and decoupling of the generator and the drive motor power are realized through the engagement and disengagement of the coupling device.

[0011] An engine is located at the outer end of the housing, and the output shaft of the engine extends into the fourth chamber and is connected to the PTO shaft via a spline coupling.

[0012] A cooling spray mechanism is provided on the corresponding housing of the generator and drive motor to spray cooling oil into the first chamber and the third chamber. The cooling spray mechanism is connected to the heat exchanger through an oil circuit.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the generator, coupling device and drive motor are arranged coaxially in sequence.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooling spray mechanism includes a plurality of sprayers, which pass through the housing and correspond to the windings of the generator and the drive motor.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooling spray mechanism further includes a temperature sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor is installed on the side of the housing near the winding. The sprayer is provided with a control valve. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the control valve.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the injectors is provided with three equally spaced oil nozzles, and the three oil nozzles are inserted into the housing at a 60° angle, so that the oil spraying direction of the oil nozzles forms a 60° angle with the upper surface of the winding.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the coupling device is a wet multi-plate clutch, and the heat exchanger is a plate-fin heat exchanger, which is disposed on the windward side of one side of the shell.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the hybrid tractor includes the following drive modes:

[0019] Pure electric mode: The coupling device is disconnected, the engine stops, and the drive motor provides power entirely;

[0020] Series mode: The coupling device is disconnected, the engine drives the generator to generate electricity, and the electrical energy supplies the drive motor;

[0021] Parallel mode: The coupling device is combined, and the engine and drive motor jointly output power;

[0022] Driving power generation mode: The coupling device is engaged, and part of the engine power is used to drive the generator to generate electricity.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] This utility model discloses a hybrid tractor electric transmission system structure. By connecting and disconnecting the coupling device, it can quickly switch between pure electric, hybrid, and engine direct drive modes. It can meet the high torque requirements of heavy-duty field operations and adapt to the energy-saving requirements of short-distance transfers. The PTO shaft is independently connected through the hollow shaft, ensuring that the working power and driving power can be controlled independently without interference.

[0025] The multi-chamber design of the housing of this utility model integrates core components such as generator, drive motor and coupling device in a partitioned manner, and the three are arranged coaxially. Combined with the nested structure of PTO shaft and hollow shaft, it avoids the waste of space in the multi-axis scattered layout, reduces the overall size of the machine, and at the same time reduces intermediate transmission parts, reducing mechanical loss and manufacturing cost.

[0026] The cooling spray mechanism of this utility model sprays cooling oil into the chambers corresponding to the generator and drive motor, directly removing the heat from the core heat-generating components. The cooling oil circulates to the heat exchanger through the oil circuit to achieve continuous cooling and ensure long-term stable operation of the tractor.

[0027] This utility model features intelligent jet cooling. The three nozzles of a single jet are tilted at 60°. Combined with closed-loop control of a temperature sensor and controller, it can achieve on-demand oil supply, accurately cover the heat-generating area, and provide excellent cooling effect. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Fig. 1 A cross-sectional view of the electric drive system structure of a hybrid tractor provided by this utility model.

[0029] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling spray mechanism described in this utility model.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Shell, 101. First chamber, 102. Second chamber, 103. Third chamber, 104. Fourth chamber;

[0031] 2 generators;

[0032] 3 drive motors;

[0033] 4 hollow shafts;

[0034] 5PTO axis;

[0035] 6. Coupling device;

[0036] 7 engines;

[0037] 8 heat exchangers;

[0038] 9 Cooling spray mechanism, 901 Injector, 902 Temperature sensor;

[0039] 10. Reducer. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0041] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, a hybrid tractor electric drive system structure includes a housing 1, which has a first chamber 101, a second chamber 102, a third chamber 103 and a fourth chamber 104.

[0042] Generator 2 is arranged in the first chamber 101;

[0043] The drive motor 3 is arranged in the third chamber 103. The drive motor 3 is connected to a hollow shaft 4 that can be driven to rotate. One end of the hollow shaft 4 extends into the second chamber 102, and the other end extends into the fourth chamber 104 and is connected to the drive bridge outside the housing 1 through the reducer 10.

[0044] PTO shaft 5, which is inserted into the hollow shaft 4, with one end extending into the first chamber 101 and connected to the generator 2, and the other end extending to the outer end of the housing 1 and connected to agricultural machinery.

[0045] The coupling device 6 is arranged in the second chamber 102 and connects the hollow shaft 4 and the PTO shaft 5. The coupling and decoupling of the power of the generator 2 and the drive motor 3 are realized through the engagement and disengagement of the coupling device 6.

[0046] Engine 7, which is located at the outer end of housing 1, has an output shaft that extends into the fourth chamber 104 and is connected to PTO shaft 5 via a spline coupling.

[0047] A cooling spray mechanism 9 is provided on the housing 1 corresponding to the generator 2 and the drive motor 3 to spray cooling oil into the first chamber 101 and the third chamber 103. The cooling spray mechanism 9 is connected to the heat exchanger 8 through an oil circuit.

[0048] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above embodiments are as follows:

[0049] This utility model, through the coordination of engine 7, generator 2 and drive motor 3, combined with the switching of coupling device 6, forms four core working modes to cover different operating scenarios of tractors.

[0050] 1. Pure electric mode: The coupling device 6 is disconnected, the engine 2 stops, and the power is provided entirely by the drive motor 3. The power path is: battery pack → drive motor 3 → hollow shaft 4 → reducer 10 → drive axle → tractor travels.

[0051] This operating mode is suitable for short-distance tractor movement from the garage to the field, or for low-load leveling work in the field, with no noise and zero fuel consumption throughout the process;

[0052] II. Series mode: The coupling device 6 is disconnected, the engine 7 starts and maintains a high-efficiency speed, and does not directly drive the vehicle; the power path is: engine 7 → PTO shaft 5 → generator 2 generates electricity → electrical energy is directly supplied to drive motor 3 → hollow shaft 4 → reducer 10 → drive axle.

[0053] This operating mode is applicable to scenarios where the tractor needs to travel or operate for a long time, and the engine 7 always generates electricity efficiently to avoid fuel waste.

[0054] III. Parallel Mode: Coupling device 6 engages, engine 7 starts, and drive motor 3 provides auxiliary output, forming a superposition of power; the power path is as follows:

[0055] Engine side: Engine 7 → PTO shaft 5 → Coupling device 6 → Hollow shaft 4;

[0056] Motor side: Battery pack → Drive motor 3 → Hollow shaft 4;

[0057] After merging: Hollow shaft 4 → Reducer 10 → Drive axle, providing maximum torque;

[0058] This operating mode is applicable to heavy load conditions such as tractor-pulled heavy plowing and deep tillage, and climbing steep slopes, with dual power sources working together to meet high torque requirements.

[0059] Vehicle-driven power generation mode: The coupling device 6 engages, and the engine 7 outputs power in two parts, balancing driving, operation, and charging; the power path is as follows:

[0060] Drive section: Engine 7 → PTO shaft 5 → Coupling device 6 → Hollow shaft 4 → Reducer 10 → Drive axle or the other end of PTO shaft 5 connects to agricultural machinery operation.

[0061] Power generation section: Engine 7 → PTO shaft 5 → Generator 2 generates electricity → Electrical energy is stored in the battery pack;

[0062] This operating mode is applicable to the following scenario: when working in the field, the tractor moves slowly while the excess power of the engine 7 charges the battery.

[0063] This utility model can quickly switch between pure electric, hybrid, and engine direct drive modes by connecting and disconnecting the coupling device 6, which can meet the high torque requirements of heavy-duty field operations and adapt to the energy-saving requirements of short-distance transfers; the PTO shaft 5 independently passes through the hollow shaft 4, ensuring that the working power and the driving power can be controlled independently and do not interfere with each other.

[0064] The design of the four chambers of the housing 1 of this utility model integrates core components such as generator 2, drive motor 3, coupling device 6, and reducer 10 in separate sections, reducing external pipeline connections, lowering the risk of mechanical failure, and reducing the overall size of the machine.

[0065] The cooling spray mechanism 9 of this utility model sprays cooling oil into the corresponding chambers of the generator 2 and the drive motor 3, directly removing the heat from the core heat-generating components. The cooling oil circulates to the heat exchanger 8 through the oil circuit to achieve continuous cooling, preventing the motor from overloading due to high temperature. It is especially suitable for the high-intensity working conditions of tractors operating in the field for a long time, with efficient heat dissipation, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the tractor.

[0066] In one embodiment,

[0067] The generator 2, coupling device 6 and drive motor 3 are arranged coaxially in sequence. The coaxial layout reduces power loss and makes the power output of generator 2, the power switching of coupling device 6 and the torque transmission of drive motor 3 more direct and efficient.

[0068] In one embodiment,

[0069] The aforementioned cooling spray mechanism 9 includes a plurality of sprayers 901, which pass through the housing 1 and correspond to the windings of the generator 2 and the drive motor 3. The sprayers 901 correspond to the heat-concentrating parts of the generator 2 and the drive motor 3, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0070] In one embodiment,

[0071] The aforementioned cooling spray mechanism 9 also includes a temperature sensor 902 and a controller. The temperature sensor 902 is installed on the side of the housing 1 near the winding. The sprayer 901 is provided with a control valve. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 902 and the control valve.

[0072] Temperature sensor 902 monitors the temperature of the side of housing 1 near the winding in real time and transmits the temperature signal to the controller. After receiving the temperature signal, the controller compares it with the preset temperature threshold. When the temperature exceeds the set upper limit, the controller sends a command to the control valve of injector 901 to increase the opening of the control valve, so that more cooling oil is sprayed through injector 901 onto the windings of generator 2 and drive motor 3 to enhance the cooling effect. When the temperature is lower than the set lower limit, the controller commands the control valve to reduce the opening and reduce the amount of cooling oil injected to avoid overcooling. Temperature sensor 902 is a thermistor temperature sensor.

[0073] In one embodiment,

[0074] Each of the above-mentioned individual injectors 901 is provided with three equally divided oil nozzles. The three oil nozzles are inserted into the housing 1 at a 60° angle, so that the oil spraying direction of the oil nozzles forms a 60-degree angle with the upper surface of the winding. The individual injector 901 is provided with three equally divided oil nozzles, which can form a ring-shaped fan-shaped coverage effect, ensuring that the cooling oil can evenly cover the entire winding.

[0075] In one embodiment,

[0076] The coupling device 6 is a wet multi-plate clutch, and the heat exchanger 8 is a plate-fin heat exchanger, which is located on the windward side of the shell 1.

[0077] The wet multi-plate clutch has good cooling effect, large transmission torque, and stable operation; the plate-fin heat exchanger has high heat exchange efficiency. By placing it on the windward side of the shell 1, it can make full use of natural wind or airflow generated during equipment operation to enhance the heat exchange effect.

[0078] In one embodiment,

[0079] The aforementioned hybrid tractors include the following drive modes:

[0080] Pure electric mode: Coupling device 6 is disconnected, engine 7 is stopped, and power is provided entirely by drive motor 3;

[0081] Series mode: the coupling device 6 is disconnected, the engine 7 drives the generator 2 to generate electricity, and the electrical energy supplies the drive motor 3;

[0082] Parallel mode: The coupling device 6 is engaged, and the engine 7 and drive motor 3 jointly output power;

[0083] Driving power generation mode: The coupling device 6 is engaged, and part of the engine 7's power is used to drive the generator 2 to generate electricity;

[0084] In summary:

[0085] This utility model discloses a hybrid tractor electric transmission system structure. By connecting and disconnecting the coupling device, it can quickly switch between pure electric, hybrid, and engine direct drive modes. It can meet the high torque requirements of heavy-duty field operations and adapt to the energy-saving requirements of short-distance transfers. The PTO shaft is independently connected through the hollow shaft, ensuring that the working power and driving power can be controlled independently without interference.

[0086] The multi-chamber design of the housing of this utility model integrates core components such as generator, drive motor and coupling device in a partitioned manner, and the three are arranged coaxially. Combined with the nested structure of PTO shaft and hollow shaft, it avoids the waste of space in the multi-axis scattered layout, reduces the overall size of the machine, and at the same time reduces intermediate transmission parts, reducing mechanical loss and manufacturing cost.

[0087] The cooling spray mechanism of this utility model sprays cooling oil into the chambers corresponding to the generator and drive motor, directly removing the heat from the core heat-generating components. The cooling oil circulates to the heat exchanger through the oil circuit to achieve continuous cooling and ensure long-term stable operation of the tractor.

[0088] This utility model features intelligent jet cooling. The three nozzles of a single jet are tilted at 60°. Combined with closed-loop control of a temperature sensor and controller, it can achieve on-demand oil supply, accurately cover the heat-generating area, and provide excellent cooling effect.

[0089] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. The terms "front," "back," "left," and "right" used in the text are not specific and are mainly for more intuitive illustration of the technical solution, and do not constitute a limitation. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hybrid tractor electric drive system structure, characterized in that: Includes a housing (1), which has a first chamber (101), a second chamber (102), a third chamber (103) and a fourth chamber (104); A generator (2) is arranged in the first chamber (101); A drive motor (3) is arranged in the third chamber (103). The drive motor (3) is connected to a hollow shaft (4) that can be driven to rotate. One end of the hollow shaft (4) extends into the second chamber (102), and the other end extends into the fourth chamber (104) and is connected to the drive bridge outside the housing (1) through a reducer (10). PTO shaft (5), which is inserted into the hollow shaft (4), with one end extending into the first chamber (101) and connected to the generator (2), and the other end extending to the outer end of the housing (1) and connected to agricultural machinery; The coupling device (6) is arranged in the second chamber (102) and connects the hollow shaft (4) and the PTO shaft (5). The coupling and decoupling of the generator (2) and the drive motor (3) are realized through the coupling device (6). An engine (7) is arranged at the outer end of the housing (1), and the output shaft of the engine (7) extends into the fourth chamber (104) and is connected to the PTO shaft (5) via a spline coupling. A cooling spray mechanism (9) is provided on the housing (1) of the generator (2) and the drive motor (3) to spray cooling oil into the first chamber (101) and the third chamber (103). The cooling spray mechanism (9) is connected to the heat exchanger (8) through an oil circuit.

2. The structure of a hybrid tractor electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generator (2), coupling device (6) and drive motor (3) are arranged coaxially in sequence.

3. The structure of a hybrid tractor electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling spray mechanism (9) includes a plurality of sprayers (901), which pass through the housing (1) and correspond to the windings of the generator (2) and the drive motor (3).

4. The structure of a hybrid tractor electric drive system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling spray mechanism (9) also includes a temperature sensor (902) and a controller. The temperature sensor (902) is installed on the side of the housing (1) near the winding. The sprayer (901) is provided with a control valve. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (902) and the control valve.

5. The structure of a hybrid tractor electric drive system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the injectors (901) is provided with three equally spaced oil nozzles. The three oil nozzles are inserted into the housing (1) at a 60° angle, so that the oil spraying direction of the oil nozzles forms a 60-degree angle with the upper surface of the winding.

6. The structure of a hybrid tractor electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling device (6) is a wet multi-plate clutch, and the heat exchanger (8) is a plate-fin heat exchanger, which is located on the windward side of the shell (1).

7. The structure of a hybrid tractor electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hybrid tractor includes the following drive modes: Pure electric mode: the coupling device (6) is disconnected, the engine (7) is stopped, and the power is provided entirely by the drive motor (3); Series mode: the coupling device (6) is separated, the engine (7) drives the generator (2) to generate electricity, and the electrical energy is supplied to the drive motor (3); Parallel mode: The coupling device (6) is engaged, and the engine (7) and drive motor (3) output power together; Driving power generation mode: The coupling device (6) is engaged, and part of the engine (7) power is used to drive the generator (2) to generate electricity.

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