An electric powertrain for a loader

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of electric loader power system, it is related to electric loader field, the scheme used is: overrunning clutch, overrunning clutch includes outer gear ring and first input shaft, first input shaft is connected with the output motor shaft of main drive motor, outer gear ring is engaged with driving gear, driving gear is connected with the shaft of pump motor, the rotating speed of outer gear ring can be higher than first input shaft;Planetary gear mechanism, planetary gear mechanism includes intermediate shaft, second input shaft is connected with first input shaft, and output gear is rotatably sleeved on intermediate shaft;Controller, controller is electrically connected with pump motor and main drive motor, and controller can adjust the rotating speed of pump motor and main drive motor.The utility model has realized the efficient decoupling and on-demand energy supply of loader walking drive and working hydraulic drive, satisfies the power requirement under complex working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric loaders, and in particular to a power system for electric loaders. Background Technology

[0002] As the global construction machinery industry accelerates its transformation towards green and intelligent manufacturing, electric loaders have become the mainstream choice to replace traditional fuel-powered equipment due to their advantages such as zero emissions, low noise, and high controllability.

[0003] The electric loader's travel drive system and hydraulic drive system typically adopt a completely independent physical layout. The travel drive unit is directly driven by the main drive motor through a coupling to the planetary gearbox. The gearbox output shaft is connected to the drive axle via a transmission shaft, realizing the vehicle's forward, reverse, and continuously variable transmission functions. The hydraulic drive system, on the other hand, consists of an independent hydraulic pump, a multi-way valve group, and actuators forming a closed loop. The hydraulic pump is connected to the transfer case through a belt or gear pair and relies on the engine or auxiliary motor for power.

[0004] However, the power systems of current electric loaders still generally follow the split design concept of traditional construction machinery. The two core systems of travel drive and hydraulic drive are arranged independently. Especially under complex working conditions, a single power source is difficult to meet the dynamic load requirements. In addition, the travel drive module mainly adopts a single motor planetary gearbox structure. The single motor planetary structure has extremely high requirements for motor power density, which leads to high motor cost, difficulty in heat dissipation, and difficulty in coping with extreme working conditions. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problem that the power system of electric loaders in the prior art cannot meet the dynamic load requirements, this utility model provides an electric loader power system that achieves efficient decoupling and on-demand power supply between the loader's walking drive and working hydraulic drive, thus meeting the power requirements under complex working conditions.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: an electric loader power system, including a pump motor and a main drive motor, wherein a drive gear is provided on the shaft of the pump motor, and the drive gear meshes with the pump gear of the hydraulic pump; further comprising: an overrunning clutch, wherein the overrunning clutch includes an external gear ring and a first input shaft, the first input shaft being connected to the main drive motor, the external gear ring meshing with the drive gear, the drive gear being connected to the shaft of the pump motor, and the rotational speed of the external gear ring being higher than that of the first input shaft; and a planetary gear mechanism, wherein the planetary gear mechanism includes an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft being connected to the first input shaft, and an output gear being rotatably sleeved on the intermediate shaft.

[0007] This invention enables the pump motor's power to be connected to the planetary gear mechanism via an overrunning clutch, thereby decoupling the electric loader's walking drive and working hydraulic drive and providing power on demand, allowing the loader to adapt to complex working conditions with heavy loads.

[0008] Furthermore, the planetary gear mechanism also includes a first-gear planetary gear assembly and a reverse-gear planetary gear assembly. The first-gear planetary gear assembly and the reverse-gear planetary gear assembly share a sun gear, which is mounted on the first input shaft. The first-gear planetary gear assembly includes a first-gear internal gear ring, in which a first-gear planetary gear meshes. The first-gear planetary gear meshes with the sun gear. The first-gear planetary gear is rotatably mounted on a first-gear planet carrier. The first-gear planet carrier is connected to the output gear. The first-gear internal gear ring is connected to a first-gear clutch, which can lock the first-gear internal gear ring. The reverse-gear planetary gear assembly includes a reverse-gear internal gear ring, in which a reverse-gear planetary gear meshes. The reverse-gear planetary gear meshes with the sun gear. The reverse-gear internal gear ring is connected to the first-gear planet carrier. The reverse-gear planetary gear is rotatably mounted on the reverse-gear planet carrier. The reverse-gear planet carrier is connected to a reverse-gear clutch, which can lock the reverse-gear planet carrier.

[0009] This invention integrates the first-gear planetary gear assembly and the reverse-gear planetary gear assembly into the same planetary gear set structure through the common design of the sun gear, resulting in a highly integrated structure and high space utilization.

[0010] Furthermore, the planetary gear mechanism also includes a second-gear planetary gear assembly, which includes a second-gear gear connected to the output gear. A second-gear clutch is provided on the intermediate shaft, and the second-gear gear transmits power to the intermediate shaft through the second-gear clutch.

[0011] This utility model adds a second-gear planetary gear assembly, which, combined with the original first-gear and reverse gear structure, forms a three-gear adjustable power output system. The second-gear gear is linked with the output gear through the second-gear clutch, which can activate a higher transmission ratio during high-speed cruising and expand the boundaries of vehicle power performance.

[0012] Furthermore, the second-gear clutch is a gear clutch, and the second-gear gear is an internal gear.

[0013] This invention further achieves rational use of space through a gear clutch and an internal gear.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a housing, in which the pump gear, the drive gear, the overrunning clutch, and the planetary gear mechanism are all housed, and the hydraulic pump is located on the outside of the housing.

[0015] Furthermore, mounting holes are provided on both sides of the housing, which are used to connect the housing to the pump motor.

[0016] This invention allows for adjustment of the pump motor's installation position according to space requirements by providing two sets of mounting holes, making the system installation more flexible.

[0017] Furthermore, the overrunning clutch is a roller-type one-way clutch.

[0018] Furthermore, both the reverse planetary gear and the first planetary gear are provided with at least three.

[0019] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] This invention provides a power system for an electric loader. Through an overrunning clutch, the power of the pump motor can be connected to the planetary gear mechanism, achieving decoupling and on-demand power supply between the electric loader's walking drive and working hydraulic drive, enabling the loader to adapt to complex working conditions with heavy loads. By using a common design for the sun gear, the first-gear and reverse-gear planetary gear assemblies are integrated into the same planetary gear set architecture, resulting in a highly integrated structure and high space utilization. By adding a second-gear planetary gear assembly, combined with the original first / reverse gear structure, a three-gear adjustable power output system is formed. The second-gear gear is linked to the output gear through a second-gear clutch, activating a higher transmission ratio during high-speed cruising and expanding the vehicle's power performance boundaries. The two sets of mounting holes allow for adjustment of the pump motor's mounting position according to space requirements, making the system installation more flexible. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] In the diagram, 1. Pump gear; 2. Drive gear; 3. Overrunning clutch; 4. Intermediate shaft; 5. Reverse planetary gear; 6. External gear ring; 7. Reverse planetary carrier; 8. Reverse internal gear ring; 9. Reverse clutch; 10. First gear clutch; 11. First gear internal gear ring; 12. First gear planetary carrier; 13. Output gear; 14. Second gear; 15. First gear planetary gear; 16. Second gear clutch; 17. Pump motor; 18. Main drive motor; 19. First input shaft; 20. Sun gear; 21. Hydraulic pump; 22. Housing. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this specific embodiment provides an electric loader power system, including a pump motor 17, a main drive motor 18, an overrunning clutch 3, and a planetary gear mechanism. A drive gear 2 is mounted on the shaft of the pump motor 17, and the drive gear 2 meshes with the pump gear 1 of the hydraulic pump 21. The overrunning clutch 3 includes an external gear ring 6 and a first input shaft 19, which is connected to the output motor shaft of the main drive motor 18. The external gear ring 6 meshes with the drive gear 2, and the drive gear 2 is connected to the shaft of the pump motor 17. The rotational speed of the external gear ring 6 can be higher than that of the first input shaft 19. The planetary gear mechanism includes an intermediate shaft 4, which is connected to the first input shaft 19. An output gear 13 is rotatably mounted on the intermediate shaft 4. In this specific embodiment, both the pump motor 17 and the main drive motor 18 are electrically connected to a vehicle controller, which can adjust the rotational speed and torque of the pump motor 17 and the main drive motor 18.

[0026] In this specific embodiment, the power of the pump motor 17 can be connected to the planetary gear mechanism through the overrunning clutch 3, realizing the decoupling and on-demand power supply of the electric loader's walking drive and working hydraulic drive, enabling the loader to adapt to complex working conditions with large loads.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown in this specific embodiment, the planetary gear mechanism further includes a first-gear planetary gear assembly and a reverse-gear planetary gear assembly. The first-gear planetary gear assembly and the reverse-gear planetary gear assembly share a sun gear 20. The sun gear 20 is mounted on the first input shaft 19 and is connected to the first input shaft 19 via a flat key. The first-gear planetary gear assembly includes a first-gear internal gear ring 11, in which multiple first-gear planetary gears 15 are meshed. All of the multiple first-gear planetary gears 15 mesh with the sun gear 20. The first-gear planetary gears 15 are rotatably mounted on a first-gear planet carrier 12 via a shaft and bearings. The output end of the planetary gear carrier 12 is connected to the output gear 13. The first gear internal gear ring 11 is connected to the first gear clutch 10, which is located inside the housing. The first gear clutch 10 can lock the first gear internal gear ring 11 to prevent it from rotating. The reverse gear planetary gear assembly includes a reverse gear internal gear ring 8, which has multiple reverse gear planetary gears 5 meshing with it. Each of the multiple reverse gear planetary gears 5 meshes with the sun gear 20. The reverse gear internal gear ring 8 is connected to the first gear planetary carrier 12. The reverse gear planetary gears 5 are rotatably mounted on the reverse gear planetary carrier 7 via a shaft and bearings. The reverse gear planetary carrier 7 is connected to... A reverse clutch 9 is provided, located inside the gearbox housing. This reverse clutch 9 locks the reverse planetary carrier 7 in place, preventing further rotation. This design, through the shared design of the sun gear 20, integrates the first-gear planetary gear assembly and the reverse planetary gear assembly into the same planetary gear set architecture. This eliminates the need for repetitive gear sets required for independent gears in traditional designs, creating a modular design. This modular design shortens the axial dimension of the planetary gearbox, reduces weight, and allows more space for other components, making it particularly suitable for space-sensitive equipment such as loaders. Furthermore, the planetary gear mechanism also includes a second-gear planetary gear assembly. The planetary gear assembly includes a second-gear 14, which is connected to the output gear 13. A second-gear clutch 16 is provided on the intermediate shaft 4. The second-gear 14 transmits power to the intermediate shaft 4 through the second-gear clutch 16. Specifically, the second-gear clutch 16 is a gear clutch, and the second-gear 14 is an internal gear. By adding a second-gear planetary gear assembly and combining it with the original first-gear and reverse gear structure, a three-gear adjustable power output system is formed. The second-gear 14 is linked with the output gear 13 through the second-gear clutch 16, which can activate a higher transmission ratio during high-speed cruising and expand the boundaries of vehicle power performance.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, this specific embodiment also includes a housing 22, in which the pump gear 1, the drive gear 2, the overrunning clutch 3, and the planetary gear mechanism are all disposed within the housing 22, and the hydraulic pump 21 is disposed on the outside of the housing 22. Preferably, mounting hole groups are provided on both sides of the housing 22, which are used to connect the housing 22 to the pump motor 17. By providing two sets of mounting holes, the installation position of the pump motor 17 can be adjusted according to space requirements, making the installation of this system more flexible.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, in this specific embodiment, the overrunning clutch 3 is a roller-type one-way clutch, and both the reverse planetary gear 5 and the first gear planetary gear 15 are provided with at least three, and in this specific embodiment, three are provided.

[0030] The working process of this system is as follows:

[0031] When the main drive motor 18 and the pump motor 17 are decoupled, the vehicle is in a light-load condition. The driving power is provided by the main drive motor 18, which drives the first input shaft 19 of the overrunning clutch 3, causing the sun gear 20 to rotate. If the first gear clutch 10 is locked, the first gear internal gear ring is passively locked, and the vehicle is in first gear. Power is transmitted from the first input shaft 19 → sun gear 20 → first gear planetary gear → first gear planetary carrier 12 → output gear 13. If the vehicle is in reverse gear, the reverse clutch... When in the locked state, the reverse planetary carrier is passively locked, and power is transmitted from the sun gear 204 → reverse planetary gear 5 → reverse internal gear ring gear 8 → first gear planetary carrier 12 → intermediate output shaft 13 → output gear 1317; if the vehicle is in second gear, the second gear clutch 16 is locked, and power is transmitted from the first input shaft 19 → sun gear 20 → second gear → output gear 13; at this time, the pump motor 17 mainly provides power to the hydraulic pump 21, and the pump motor 17 precisely adjusts the speed and torque according to the feedback of the hydraulic system.

[0032] When the main drive motor 18 and the pump motor 17 are in a coupled state, the vehicle is under extreme conditions such as high load climbing. The main drive motor 18 is in a high energy consumption and low efficiency zone. The controller adjusts the speed of the pump motor 17 so that the speed of the outer gear ring 6 of the overrunning clutch 3 is higher than the speed of the first input shaft 19 of the overrunning clutch 3. The overrunning clutch 3 is locked. At this time, the dual motors provide the driving force for the whole machine. The transmission route of the dual motor power in first gear, second gear and reverse gear is consistent with the decoupled state, which will not be described in detail here.

[0033] When the main drive motor 18 is in a fault coupling state, the first input shaft 19 rotates to zero speed. The pump motor 17 drives the external gear ring 6 of the overrunning clutch 3 to rotate. The overrunning clutch 3 is in a locked state. The power is transmitted from the external gear ring 6 to the first input shaft 19 to provide the driving force for the whole machine. The transmission routes in first gear, second gear and reverse gear are consistent with the decoupling state, which will not be described in detail here.

[0034] When the vehicle brakes or goes downhill, the wheel reverse drive system drives the first input shaft 19 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the main drive motor 18 is in power generation mode to realize energy recovery.

[0035] As can be seen from the above specific embodiments, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The power of the pump motor 17 can be connected to the planetary gear mechanism through the overrunning clutch 3, realizing the decoupling and on-demand power supply of the electric loader's walking drive and working hydraulic drive, enabling the loader to adapt to complex working conditions with large loads.

[0037] 2. Through the common design of the sun gear 20, the first gear planetary gear assembly and the reverse gear planetary gear assembly are integrated into the same planetary gear structure, resulting in a highly integrated structure and high space utilization.

[0038] 3. By adding a second-speed planetary gear assembly, combined with the original first-speed and reverse gear structure, a three-speed adjustable power output system is formed. The second-speed gear 14 is linked with the output gear 13 through the second-speed clutch 16, which can activate a higher transmission ratio during high-speed cruising and expand the boundaries of vehicle power performance.

[0039] 4. By setting two sets of mounting holes, the installation position of the pump motor 17 can be adjusted according to space requirements, making the installation of this system more flexible.

[0040] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A power system for an electric loader, comprising a pump motor (17) and a main drive motor (18), wherein a drive gear (2) is disposed on the shaft of the pump motor (17), the drive gear (2) meshing with a pump gear (1) of a hydraulic pump (21), characterized in that, Also includes: An overrunning clutch (3) includes an external gear ring (6) and a first input shaft (19). The first input shaft (19) is connected to the main drive motor (18). The external gear ring (6) meshes with a drive gear (2). The drive gear (2) is connected to the shaft of the pump motor (17). The rotational speed of the external gear ring (6) is higher than that of the first input shaft (19). The planetary gear mechanism includes an intermediate shaft (4) connected to the first input shaft (19), and an output gear (13) is rotatably mounted on the intermediate shaft (4).

2. The electric loader power system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary gear mechanism further includes a first-gear planetary gear assembly and a reverse-gear planetary gear assembly. The first-gear planetary gear assembly and the reverse-gear planetary gear assembly share a sun gear (20). The sun gear (20) is mounted on the first input shaft (19). The first-gear planetary gear assembly includes a first-gear internal gear ring (11). A first-gear planetary gear (15) meshes with the first-gear internal gear ring (11). The first-gear planetary gear (15) meshes with the sun gear (20). The first-gear planetary gear (15) is rotatably mounted on a first-gear planet carrier (12). The first-gear planet carrier (12) is connected to the output gear (13). The first-gear internal gear ring... (11) A first gear clutch (10) is connected, which can lock the first gear internal gear ring (11). The reverse gear planetary gear assembly includes a reverse gear internal gear ring (8), and a reverse gear planetary gear (5) is meshed inside the reverse gear internal gear ring (8). The reverse gear planetary gear (5) meshes with the sun gear (20). The reverse gear internal gear ring (8) is connected to the first gear planetary carrier (12). The reverse gear planetary gear (5) is rotatably mounted on the reverse gear planetary carrier (7). The reverse gear planetary carrier (7) is connected to a reverse gear clutch (9), which can lock the reverse gear planetary carrier (7).

3. The electric loader power system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The planetary gear mechanism also includes a second-gear planetary gear assembly, which includes a second-gear gear (14) connected to the output gear (13). A second-gear clutch (16) is provided on the intermediate shaft (4), and the second-gear gear (14) transmits power to the intermediate shaft (4) through the second-gear clutch (16).

4. The electric loader power system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second gear clutch (16) is a gear clutch, and the second gear (14) is an internal gear.

5. The electric loader power system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a housing (22), the pump gear (1), the drive gear (2), the overrunning clutch (3), and the planetary gear mechanism are all located inside the housing (22), and the hydraulic pump (21) is located outside the housing (22).

6. The electric loader power system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The housing (22) has mounting holes on both sides, which are used to connect the housing (22) to the pump motor (17).

7. The electric loader power system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The overrunning clutch (3) is a roller-type one-way clutch.

8. The electric loader power system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Both the reverse planetary gear (5) and the first planetary gear (15) are provided with at least three.

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