A two-wheel electric vehicle charging and discharging system

Abstract

The application relates to a charging and discharging system of a two-wheel electric vehicle, which comprises a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, a controller and a battery pack composed of multiple batteries. In the technical scheme, the charging circuit forms a controllable parallel charging structure with the positive and negative interfaces of each battery through multiple sub-charging relays. Compared with the traditional single-path series charging mode, the parallel charging structure supports simultaneous parallel charging of each battery, thereby improving the charging efficiency and reducing the charging time. Each battery in the parallel charging structure can work independently, and even if a certain battery fails, other batteries can still work normally, thereby improving the reliability of the system. In the discharging mode, the batteries still adopt a series structure, meet the demand of high-voltage output of the electric two-wheel vehicle, realize efficient and stable power supply capacity, and guarantee the power output and normal use of the whole vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of charging and discharging circuit technology, and in particular to a charging and discharging system for a two-wheeled electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing environmental awareness and the transformation of energy structure, electric two-wheelers have gradually become an important tool for people's daily travel. However, the slow charging speed of electric two-wheelers has always been one of the key factors restricting their development. Currently, most electric vehicle manufacturers use multiple batteries connected in series for charging and discharging. Connecting batteries in series involves connecting multiple battery cells sequentially, so that the positive terminal of one battery is connected to the negative terminal of the next, and so on. After this connection, the total voltage of the battery pack is equal to the sum of the voltages of each individual battery cell, while the capacity of the battery pack remains unchanged. The chargers configured for this system are also matched to meet the total voltage requirement. For example, if a single battery has a voltage of 12V 24Ah, six batteries connected in series will have a total voltage of 72V 24Ah, and the charger will also be a 72V charger. Charging time in this configuration is relatively long, and due to differences in individual batteries, some batteries may be overcharged or over-discharged, easily causing battery damage. Furthermore, it is not easy to detect damage to a battery in the assembly during use, and prolonged use may lead to overheating or short circuits in a single battery, affecting riding safety. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome, at least to some extent, the problems in related technologies where electric two-wheeled vehicles use multiple batteries connected in series for charging and discharging, resulting in long charging times and the tendency for some batteries to be overcharged or over-discharged, this application provides a charging and discharging system for two-wheeled electric vehicles.

[0004] The proposed solution is as follows:

[0005] A charging and discharging system for a two-wheeled electric vehicle, comprising:

[0006] Charging circuit, discharging circuit, controller, and battery pack consisting of multiple batteries;

[0007] The charging circuit includes: at least one main charging relay and multiple sub-charging relays;

[0008] The discharge circuit includes: at least one discharge relay;

[0009] Each battery includes at least two sets of electrodes, one set of electrodes is connected in series to form a series circuit, and the other set of electrodes is connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit.

[0010] The sub-charging relay is connected in series with the main charging relay;

[0011] The sub-charging relays are connected in parallel;

[0012] Each of the sub-charging relays is connected in series with each battery in a one-to-one correspondence through the battery parallel circuit;

[0013] The main charging relay and the parallel circuit of the battery are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the charger;

[0014] The discharge relay is connected in series with the battery series circuit;

[0015] The discharge relay and the battery series circuit are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the motor;

[0016] The main charging relay, sub-charging relays, and discharge relays are all connected to the controller;

[0017] The controller is used to control the closing / opening of the main charging relay, sub-charging relays and discharge relays.

[0018] Preferably, the charging circuit further includes: a positive charging bus and a negative charging bus;

[0019] The discharge circuit further includes: a positive discharge bus and a negative discharge bus;

[0020] Each battery includes: a first positive terminal, a first negative terminal, a second positive terminal, and a second negative terminal;

[0021] The first terminal of the main charging relay is connected to the positive terminal of the charger through the charging positive bus, and the second terminal is connected in series with the first terminal of the sub-charging relay.

[0022] The first positive terminal of each battery is connected to the second terminal of each sub-charging relay in a corresponding manner.

[0023] The first negative terminal of all batteries is connected to the charging negative terminal bus;

[0024] The charging negative bus is connected to the negative terminal of the charger;

[0025] The battery at the beginning of the battery pack is connected to the first terminal of the discharge relay through the second positive terminal interface, and the battery at the end of the battery pack is connected to the discharge negative terminal bus through the second negative terminal interface. The other batteries in the battery pack are connected in series through the second positive terminal interface and the second negative terminal interface.

[0026] The second terminal of the discharge relay is connected to the positive terminal of the motor via the discharge positive bus;

[0027] The discharge negative bus is connected to the negative terminal of the motor.

[0028] Preferably, in the charging state, the main charging relay and all sub-charging relays are closed, and the discharge relay is open;

[0029] In the discharge state, the main charging relay is disconnected or all sub-charging relays are disconnected, and the discharge relay is closed.

[0030] Preferably, the charging circuit further includes:

[0031] AC-DC module;

[0032] The AC-DC module is connected to the charging positive bus and is used to convert the AC power provided by the charger into DC power.

[0033] Preferably, the charging circuit further includes:

[0034] Power adjustment circuit;

[0035] The power adjustment circuit includes: a DC-DC converter;

[0036] The DC-DC converter is connected to the controller;

[0037] The power adjustment circuit is connected to the charging positive bus;

[0038] The DC-DC converter dynamically adjusts its output current or voltage according to the adjustment commands issued by the controller.

[0039] Preferably, the discharge circuit further includes:

[0040] Discharge protection circuit;

[0041] The discharge protection circuit includes: a current detection module, a voltage detection module, a protection control unit, and a protection relay;

[0042] The discharge protection circuit is connected to the discharge positive bus;

[0043] The current detection module and voltage detection module are used to detect the discharge current and discharge voltage during the discharge process;

[0044] The protection control unit controls the closing / opening of the protection relay based on the discharge current and discharge voltage.

[0045] Preferably, it further includes:

[0046] Power detection circuit and display screen;

[0047] The power detection circuit includes: a voltage sampling module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, and a power calculation module;

[0048] The power detection circuit is connected to the discharge positive bus;

[0049] The voltage sampling module is used to sample the output voltage of the battery pack;

[0050] The analog-to-digital converter module is used to convert the output voltage of the battery pack into a digital signal.

[0051] The power calculation module calculates the remaining power of the battery pack based on the output voltage value of the battery pack.

[0052] The display screen is used to show the remaining power of the battery pack.

[0053] Preferably, it further includes:

[0054] Multiple charging indicator lights, each corresponding to a specific battery;

[0055] The charging indicator light is connected between the sub-charging relay and the battery to indicate the charging status of each battery.

[0056] Preferably, it further includes:

[0057] Discharge indicator light;

[0058] The discharge indicator light is connected to the discharge positive bus and is used to indicate when the discharge positive bus is connected.

[0059] The technical solution provided in this application may include the following beneficial effects:

[0060] In the technical solution of this application, the charging circuit forms a controllable parallel charging structure through multiple sub-charging relays and the positive and negative interfaces of each battery. Compared with the traditional single-channel series charging mode, the parallel charging structure supports simultaneous parallel charging of each battery, thereby improving charging efficiency and reducing charging time. The parallel charging structure can also distribute the charging current of the charger, reduce the temperature of each battery module during charging, and thus increase the service life of each battery. The parallel charging structure can also reduce the number and complexity of chargers, thereby reducing system costs. Each battery in the parallel charging structure can work independently; even if one battery fails, the other batteries can still work normally, improving the reliability of the system.

[0061] In discharge mode, the battery still uses a series structure to meet the high voltage output requirements of electric two-wheelers, achieving efficient and stable power supply capabilities and ensuring the power output and normal use of the entire vehicle.

[0062] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0063] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0064] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a charging and discharging system for a two-wheeled electric vehicle provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the modular structure of a charging and discharging system for a two-wheeled electric vehicle provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the modular structure of a two-wheeled electric vehicle charging and discharging system provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0067] Reference numerals: Charging circuit-1; Charging positive bus-11; Charging negative bus-12; Main charging relay-13; Sub-charging relay-14; AC-DC module-15; Power adjustment circuit-16; Discharging circuit-2; Discharging positive bus-21; Discharging negative bus-22; Discharging relay-23; Discharging protection circuit-24; Battery pack-3; First positive interface-31; First negative interface-32; Second positive interface-33; Second negative interface-34; Controller-4; Power detection circuit-5; Display screen-6. Detailed Implementation

[0068] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a charging and discharging system for a two-wheeled electric vehicle provided in one embodiment of this application, with reference to... Figure 1 A charging and discharging system for a two-wheeled electric vehicle, comprising:

[0071] Charging circuit 1, discharging circuit 2, controller 4, and battery pack 3 consisting of multiple batteries;

[0072] Charging circuit 1 includes: at least one main charging relay 13 and multiple sub-charging relays 14;

[0073] The discharge circuit 2 includes: at least one discharge relay 23;

[0074] Each battery includes at least two sets of electrodes, one set of electrodes is connected in series to form a series circuit, and the other set of electrodes is connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit.

[0075] Sub-charging relay 14 is connected in series with main charging relay 13;

[0076] Each sub-charging relay 14 is connected in parallel;

[0077] Each sub-charging relay 14 is connected in series with each battery in a corresponding manner through a battery parallel circuit;

[0078] The main charging relay 13 and the battery parallel circuit are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the charger;

[0079] The discharge relay 23 is connected in series with the battery series circuit;

[0080] The discharge relay 23 is connected in series with the battery circuit to the positive and negative terminals of the motor, respectively.

[0081] The main charging relay 13, the sub-charging relay 14, and the discharge relay 23 are all connected to the controller 4;

[0082] The controller 4 is used to control the closing / opening of the main charging relay 13, the sub-charging relay 14 and the discharge relay 23.

[0083] Specifically, the charging circuit also includes: a positive charging bus 11 and a negative charging bus 12;

[0084] The discharge circuit also includes: a positive discharge bus 21 and a negative discharge bus 22;

[0085] Each battery includes: a first positive terminal, a first negative terminal, a second positive terminal, and a second negative terminal;

[0086] The first terminal of the main charging relay 13 is connected to the positive terminal of the charger through the charging positive bus 11, and the second terminal is connected in series with the first terminal of the sub-charging relay 14.

[0087] The first positive terminal 31 of each battery is connected to the second terminal of each sub-charging relay 14 in a corresponding manner.

[0088] All batteries have their first negative terminal interface 32 connected to the charging negative terminal bus 12;

[0089] The charging negative bus 12 is connected to the negative terminal of the charger;

[0090] The battery at the beginning of the battery pack 3 is connected to the first end of the discharge relay 23 through the second positive interface 33, and the battery at the end of the battery pack 3 is connected to the discharge negative bus 22 through the second negative interface 34. The other batteries in the battery pack 3 are connected in series through the second positive interface 33 and the second negative interface 34.

[0091] The second terminal of the discharge relay 23 is connected to the positive terminal of the motor via the discharge positive bus 21;

[0092] The negative discharge bus 22 is connected to the negative terminal of the motor;

[0093] Reference Figure 2 The main charging relay 13, the sub-charging relay 14, and the discharge relay 23 are all connected to the controller 4;

[0094] The controller 4 is used to control the closing / opening of the main charging relay 13, the sub-charging relay 14 and the discharge relay 23.

[0095] In practice, the controller is also connected to the motor. During discharge, the controller adjusts the motor's output power based on the battery's charge level and the vehicle's operating status to achieve optimal driving performance. The system's workflow is as follows:

[0096] During charging, the controller sends a continuous high level, closing the main charging relay 13 and all sub-charging relays 14, and opening the discharge relay 23.

[0097] In the discharge state, the controller sends a continuous low level, the main charging relay 13 is disconnected or all sub-charging relays 14 are disconnected, and the discharge relay 23 is closed.

[0098] During charging, the discharge relay 23 disconnects, completely cutting off the discharge circuit to prevent the load (motor) from being mistakenly activated or from leaking current during charging.

[0099] In the discharge state, the charging circuit (main charging relay 13 and sub-charging relay 14) is completely disconnected to avoid unnecessary power loss and short circuit risk in the charging circuit 1.

[0100] In practice, when the charger is connected, it sends a charging signal to the controller 4. The controller 4 then sends a disconnect command to the discharge relay 23, and subsequently sends a closing command to the main charging relay 13 and the sub-charging relay 14 to initiate charging. When the charger is disconnected, the controller 4 sends a disconnect command to both the main charging relay 13 and the sub-charging relay 14. When the electric vehicle starts, the main control system sends a discharge signal to the controller 4, at which point the controller 4 sends a closing command to the discharge relay 23.

[0101] This system controls the switching between parallel charging and series discharging to ensure that the battery pack does not short-circuit during the switching process, thereby extending the battery pack's lifespan and ensuring the vehicle's normal operation. The system is in discharge mode by default.

[0102] In this technical solution, the charging circuit 1 forms a controllable parallel charging structure with the positive and negative interfaces of each battery through multiple sub-charging relays 14. Compared with the traditional single-channel series charging mode, the parallel charging structure supports simultaneous parallel charging of each battery, thereby improving charging efficiency and reducing charging time. The parallel charging structure can also distribute the charging current of the charger, reduce the temperature of each battery module during charging, and thus increase the service life of each battery. The parallel charging structure can also reduce the number and complexity of chargers, thereby reducing system costs. Each battery in the parallel charging structure can work independently; even if one battery fails, the other batteries can still work normally, improving the reliability of the system.

[0103] During the discharge process, the electrical energy provided by the battery is converted into mechanical energy by the controller, which drives the motor to rotate, thereby propelling the vehicle forward.

[0104] In discharge mode, the battery still uses a series structure to meet the high voltage output requirements of electric two-wheelers, achieving efficient and stable power supply capabilities and ensuring the power output and normal use of the entire vehicle.

[0105] Example 2

[0106] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 3 The charging circuit 1 also includes:

[0107] AC-DC module;

[0108] The AC-DC module is connected to the charging positive bus 11 and is used to convert the AC power provided by the charger into DC power.

[0109] During the charging process, the AC-DC module is a high-efficiency inverter that can convert AC power into DC power to meet the charging voltage requirements of different electric vehicle batteries and ensure safe charging of the batteries.

[0110] Preferably, the AC-DC module has built-in protection functions such as overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection, and temperature monitoring. These protection functions significantly improve the safety during the charging process and prevent safety hazards caused by mains power fluctuations, circuit abnormalities, or charger malfunctions.

[0111] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 3 The charging circuit 1 also includes:

[0112] Power adjustment circuit;

[0113] The power regulation circuit includes: a DC-DC converter;

[0114] DC-DC converter connected to controller;

[0115] The power adjustment circuit is connected to the charging positive bus 11;

[0116] The DC-DC converter dynamically adjusts the output current or voltage according to the adjustment commands issued by the controller.

[0117] In practice, DC-DC converters can be selected from buck-boost converters, buck converters, boost converters, or multiphase synchronous rectifier converters, etc.

[0118] The power adjustment circuit can dynamically adjust the charger's output power according to the battery's current charging status (voltage, current, temperature, etc.) to meet the needs of different charging stages.

[0119] For example, use a high current for rapid charging in the initial stage, and reduce the current in the middle and later stages to avoid overcharging.

[0120] Furthermore, different battery cells may have performance differences. The power adjustment circuit can flexibly adjust the power, and for batteries in poor health, it can achieve protective charging by reducing the power.

[0121] Example 3

[0122] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 3 The discharge circuit 2 also includes:

[0123] Discharge protection circuit;

[0124] The discharge protection circuit includes: a current detection module, a voltage detection module, a protection control unit, and a protection relay;

[0125] The discharge protection circuit is connected to the positive discharge bus 21;

[0126] The current detection module and voltage detection module are used to detect the discharge current and discharge voltage during the discharge process;

[0127] The protection control unit controls the closing / opening of the protection relay based on the discharge current and discharge voltage.

[0128] In practice, current detection modules can be made using current transformers, Hall effect current sensors, etc.

[0129] Voltage detection modules can be selected from resistor dividers, Hall effect voltage sensors, etc.

[0130] During discharge, if the motor load suddenly increases or a short circuit occurs, the battery's instantaneous output current will increase, which may cause the battery to overheat or suffer internal damage.

[0131] The discharge protection circuit can quickly cut off the discharge path when an overcurrent abnormality is detected, preventing the battery from overcurrent discharge and avoiding safety accidents such as permanent capacity decay, insulation failure, or even fire.

[0132] Example 4

[0133] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 3 The charging and discharging system for two-wheeled electric vehicles also includes:

[0134] Power detection circuit 5 and display screen 6;

[0135] The power detection circuit 5 includes: a voltage sampling module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, and a power calculation module;

[0136] The power detection circuit 5 is connected to the positive discharge bus 21;

[0137] The voltage sampling module is used to sample the output voltage of battery pack 3;

[0138] The analog-to-digital converter module is used to convert the output voltage of battery pack 3 into a digital signal;

[0139] The power calculation module calculates the remaining power of battery pack 3 based on the output voltage value of battery pack 3;

[0140] Display screen 6 is used to display the remaining power of battery pack 3.

[0141] In practice, voltage sampling modules can be selected from shunt resistors or Hall voltage sensors, etc.

[0142] The power calculation module can estimate the state of charge of the battery based on the detected voltage value, combined with the battery characteristic curve (OCV-SOC curve) or through the battery management algorithm, and obtain the remaining power of battery pack 3. This calculation method is a conventional technical means and will not be described in detail here.

[0143] The power detection circuit 5 calculates the remaining power of the battery pack 3 in real time based on the output voltage of the battery pack 3; the display screen 6 directly shows the power information to the user, allowing the user to clearly understand the remaining power, make reasonable travel arrangements, and avoid the embarrassment of being unable to ride due to running out of power.

[0144] Example 5

[0145] It should be noted that the charging and discharging system for two-wheeled electric vehicles also includes:

[0146] Multiple charging indicator lights, each corresponding to a specific battery;

[0147] The charging indicator light is connected between the sub-charging relay 14 and the battery to indicate the charging status of each battery.

[0148] Furthermore, the charging and discharging system for two-wheeled electric vehicles also includes:

[0149] Discharge indicator light;

[0150] The discharge indicator light is connected to the positive discharge bus 21 and is used to indicate when the positive discharge bus 21 is connected.

[0151] In this embodiment, the charging indicator lights correspond one-to-one with each individual battery cell, displaying the charging status of each battery in real time. When the system is in charging mode, the charging indicator lights provide real-time indication based on the on / off status of charging circuit 1 and the charging status of each battery, helping users intuitively determine whether each battery is charging normally. If a battery malfunctions or experiences an abnormal charging situation, the indicator light status will be displayed immediately, allowing users to detect potential faults in individual batteries early, enabling timely maintenance and replacement, significantly improving the reliability and safety of the system. Compared to traditional electric vehicle systems that only display the total battery pack capacity, the individual charging indicator lights provide more granular and visualized battery management capabilities, helping users to more scientifically control battery health and charging status, and improving the overall lifespan of the vehicle's batteries.

[0152] In addition, the discharge indicator light is connected to the positive discharge bus 21 and indicates when the discharge path is connected. The discharge indicator light can reflect in real time whether the vehicle is in a discharge working state, so as to avoid users not being able to detect abnormalities in the discharge circuit, reduce potential safety hazards and circuit damage risks, and ensure the safety of vehicle use.

[0153] It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments can be referred to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can be referred to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0154] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means at least two.

[0155] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0156] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A charging and discharging system for a two-wheeled electric vehicle, characterized in that, include: Charging circuit, discharging circuit, controller, and battery pack consisting of multiple batteries; The charging circuit includes: at least one main charging relay and multiple sub-charging relays; The discharge circuit includes: at least one discharge relay; Each battery includes at least two sets of electrodes, one set of electrodes is connected in series to form a series circuit, and the other set of electrodes is connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit. The sub-charging relay is connected in series with the main charging relay; The sub-charging relays are connected in parallel; Each of the sub-charging relays is connected in series with each battery in a one-to-one correspondence through the battery parallel circuit; The main charging relay and the parallel circuit of the battery are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the charger; The discharge relay is connected in series with the battery series circuit; The discharge relay and the battery series circuit are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the motor; The main charging relay, sub-charging relays, and discharge relays are all connected to the controller; The controller is used to control the closing / opening of the main charging relay, sub-charging relays and discharge relays.

2. The two-wheeled electric vehicle charging and discharging system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging circuit also includes: a positive charging bus and a negative charging bus; The discharge circuit further includes: a positive discharge bus and a negative discharge bus; Each battery includes: a first positive terminal, a first negative terminal, a second positive terminal, and a second negative terminal; The first terminal of the main charging relay is connected to the positive terminal of the charger through the charging positive bus, and the second terminal is connected in series with the first terminal of the sub-charging relay. The first positive terminal of each battery is connected to the second terminal of each sub-charging relay in a corresponding manner. The first negative terminal of all batteries is connected to the charging negative terminal bus; The charging negative bus is connected to the negative terminal of the charger; The battery at the beginning of the battery pack is connected to the first terminal of the discharge relay through the second positive terminal interface, and the battery at the end of the battery pack is connected to the discharge negative terminal bus through the second negative terminal interface. The other batteries in the battery pack are connected in series through the second positive terminal interface and the second negative terminal interface. The second terminal of the discharge relay is connected to the positive terminal of the motor via the discharge positive bus; The discharge negative bus is connected to the negative terminal of the motor.

3. The two-wheeled electric vehicle charging and discharging system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the charging state, the main charging relay and all sub-charging relays are closed, and the discharge relay is open; In the discharge state, the main charging relay is disconnected or all sub-charging relays are disconnected, and the discharge relay is closed.

4. The two-wheeled electric vehicle charging and discharging system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charging circuit also includes: AC-DC module; The AC-DC module is connected to the charging positive bus and is used to convert the AC power provided by the charger into DC power.

5. The two-wheeled electric vehicle charging and discharging system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charging circuit also includes: Power adjustment circuit; The power adjustment circuit includes: a DC-DC converter; The DC-DC converter is connected to the controller; The power adjustment circuit is connected to the charging positive bus; The DC-DC converter dynamically adjusts its output current or voltage according to the adjustment commands issued by the controller.

6. The two-wheeled electric vehicle charging and discharging system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The discharge circuit further includes: Discharge protection circuit; The discharge protection circuit includes: a current detection module, a voltage detection module, a protection control unit, and a protection relay; The discharge protection circuit is connected to the discharge positive bus; The current detection module and voltage detection module are used to detect the discharge current and discharge voltage during the discharge process; The protection control unit controls the closing / opening of the protection relay based on the discharge current and discharge voltage.

7. The two-wheeled electric vehicle charging and discharging system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Power detection circuit and display screen; The power detection circuit includes: a voltage sampling module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, and a power calculation module; The power detection circuit is connected to the discharge positive bus; The voltage sampling module is used to sample the output voltage of the battery pack; The analog-to-digital converter module is used to convert the output voltage of the battery pack into a digital signal. The power calculation module calculates the remaining power of the battery pack based on the output voltage value of the battery pack. The display screen is used to show the remaining power of the battery pack.

8. The charging and discharging system for a two-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple charging indicator lights, each corresponding to a specific battery; The charging indicator light is connected between the sub-charging relay and the battery to indicate the charging status of each battery.

9. The charging and discharging system for a two-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Discharge indicator light; The discharge indicator light is connected to the discharge positive bus and is used to indicate when the discharge positive bus is connected.

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