Air spring mounting seat, frame and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of railway vehicles provides a kind of air spring mounting seat, framework and vehicle.Air spring mounting seat includes air spring seat body, and the top of air spring seat body is equipped with the installation interface for installing air spring;Supporting plate, supporting plate is extended from the bottom of air spring seat body;At least one rib plate, rib plate connects the side wall of air spring seat body and supporting plate;Rib plate is used to transfer the vertical load borne by air spring seat body to supporting plate.The air spring mounting seat significantly reduces material usage under the premise of guaranteeing rigidity, significantly reduces compared with traditional structure weight, meets the development trend of lightweight of railway vehicle.Lightweight design can reduce the overall weight of vehicle, reduce the energy consumption of traction system, reduce wheel-rail wear at the same time, prolong the service life of wheel set and track, reduce operating cost.Avoid the bending or tilting deformation of air spring seat body when bearing vertical load;The rigid connection of supporting plate and framework lower cover plate ensures that the entire air spring mounting seat will not be caused by vibration Position deviation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail vehicles, and provides a spring mounting base, frame and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, air spring seats in rail vehicle suspension systems have become key components, responsible for transmitting vertical loads and distributing them through structures such as side beams. Traditional air spring seats typically employ an integrated through-type design, where the air spring seat extends directly through to the lower cover plate of the side beam. While this design ensures structural stability and load-bearing capacity to a certain extent, it has revealed a series of problems in practical applications.

[0003] First, this type of integrated, through-type structure has a relatively large mass, which poses a challenge to the lightweight design of rail vehicles. The increased overall weight of the vehicle not only leads to higher energy consumption but may also increase maintenance and operating costs. Second, the traditional integrated, through-type design results in a single load transfer path, which can exacerbate local stress concentrations and negatively impact the fatigue life and reliability of the structure. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a spring mounting base that can ensure load-bearing capacity while reducing weight, thereby improving the overall performance and operating efficiency of rail vehicles.

[0005] This utility model embodiment also provides a framework.

[0006] This utility model embodiment also provides a vehicle.

[0007] The first aspect of this utility model provides a spring mounting base, comprising: An air spring seat, the top of which is provided with a mounting interface for installing an air spring; A support plate extends from the bottom of the air spring seat; At least one stiffening plate, the stiffening plate connecting the side wall of the air spring seat to the support plate; The stiffening plate is used to transfer the vertical load borne by the air spring seat to the support plate.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the stiffening plates includes a first stiffening plate and a second stiffening plate symmetrically arranged on both sides of the air spring seat.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, both the first stiffener and the second stiffener extend along the longitudinal direction of the air spring seat.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the air spring seat, the support plate, and at least one of the stiffening plates are integrally formed.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the integrally formed structure is a casting or forging.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the support plate is provided with a connection interface for connecting with the lower cover plate of the frame.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the support plate is positioned at a height lower than the mounting interface.

[0014] A second aspect of this utility model provides a framework, including: At least one box-shaped side beam, the box-shaped side beam including an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate; Such as the air spring mounting bracket mentioned above; The upper cover plate is provided with a mounting through hole, through which the air spring seat of the air spring mounting base passes, and the top of the air spring mounting base is mounted on the top surface of the upper cover plate; the support plate of the air spring mounting base is disposed inside the box-shaped side beam and is connected to the inner surface of the lower cover plate.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the support plate is fixed to the inner surface of the lower cover plate by welding.

[0016] A third aspect of this utility model provides a vehicle including the air spring mounting seat as described above; Or it may include a framework as described above.

[0017] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the air spring mounting base, through the combined structure of the air spring seat body, support plate, and stiffener, eliminates redundant materials and significantly reduces material usage while ensuring rigidity. Compared with traditional structures, the weight is significantly reduced, which is in line with the development trend of lightweight rail vehicles. The lightweight design can reduce the overall weight of the vehicle, reduce the energy consumption of the traction system, reduce wheel and rail wear, extend the service life of wheelsets and rails, and reduce operating costs. The stiffener enhances the rigidity of the connection between the air spring seat body and the support plate, preventing the air spring seat body from bending or tilting under vertical loads. At the same time, the rigid connection between the support plate and the lower cover plate of the frame ensures that the entire air spring mounting base will not shift due to vibration, providing a stable reference for the mounting interface at the top of the air spring seat body, avoiding uneven stress on the air spring due to interface deformation, ensuring the vertical buffering and lateral stability functions of the air spring, and improving the smoothness of vehicle operation.

[0018] According to the framework provided in the second aspect of this utility model, the box-type side beam adopts a closed hollow structure, combined with the lightweight design of the air spring mounting seat. While reducing material usage, the box-type structure and local reinforcement ensure strength, resulting in a significant weight reduction compared to traditional frameworks. The lightweight design reduces the overall weight of the vehicle, lowers traction system energy consumption, reduces wheel and rail wear, and extends the service life of wheelsets and tracks, meeting the energy-saving and consumption-reducing operational requirements of rail vehicles. Rigid integration enhances load-bearing reliability. The through-type, internally supported connection between the air spring mounting seat and the side beam eliminates the risk of connection gaps or loosening compared to traditional bolt connections, stably transmitting the vertical load of the air spring. Simultaneously, the closed structure of the box-type side beam and the rib reinforcement of the air spring mounting seat enable the framework to withstand vibrations and impacts under complex vehicle operating conditions, preventing deformation and cracking of the side beam or air spring mounting seat due to insufficient strength, ensuring long-term stable operation of the air spring, and reducing the frequency of suspension system failures.

[0019] According to the vehicle provided in the third aspect of this utility model, the high-strength structure and reliable connection of the air spring mounting bracket ensure that the air spring can stably transmit the vehicle body load, avoiding suspension system failures caused by mounting bracket deformation or connection failure. Simultaneously, the load-distributing effect of the stiffening ribs and the rigid support of the support plate reduce vibration transmission in the suspension system, improving vehicle stability and comfort, and reducing passenger discomfort caused by bumps. The lightweight design of the air spring mounting bracket reduces the overall weight of the vehicle and lowers traction system energy consumption; its high durability and corrosion resistance extend its service life, reducing maintenance frequency and costs; at the same time, the convenient maintenance process shortens vehicle downtime, improves operational efficiency, and adapts to the high-frequency, long-distance operation needs of rail vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic perspective view of the air spring mounting base provided by this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic top view of the air spring mounting base provided by this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic perspective view of the air spring mounting base and the box-type side beam provided by this utility model.

[0024] Figure label: 100. Loose spring seat; 102. Mounting interface; 104. Support plate; 106. Rib plate; 108. First rib plate; 110. Second rib plate; 112. Box-type side beam. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but should not be used to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the first aspect of this utility model provides a spring mounting base, comprising: Air spring seat 100, the top of which is provided with a mounting interface 102 for mounting an air spring; Support plate 104 extends from the bottom of air spring seat 100; At least one stiffener 106, the stiffener 106 connects the side wall of the air spring seat 100 to the support plate 104; Among them, the stiffening plate 106 is used to transfer the vertical load borne by the air spring seat 100 to the support plate 104.

[0027] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the air spring mounting base, through the combined structure of the air spring seat 100, the support plate 104, and the stiffening plate 106, eliminates redundant materials and significantly reduces material usage while ensuring rigidity. Compared with traditional structures, the weight is significantly reduced, which is in line with the development trend of lightweight rail vehicles. The lightweight design can reduce the overall weight of the vehicle, reduce the energy consumption of the traction system, reduce wheel and rail wear, extend the service life of wheelsets and rails, and reduce operating costs. The stiffening plate 106 enhances the rigidity of the connection between the air spring seat 100 and the support plate 104, preventing the air spring seat 100 from bending or tilting under vertical loads. At the same time, the rigid connection between the support plate 104 and the lower cover plate of the frame ensures that the entire air spring mounting base will not shift due to vibration, providing a stable reference for the mounting interface 102 at the top of the air spring seat 100, avoiding uneven force on the air spring due to interface deformation, ensuring the vertical buffering and lateral stability functions of the air spring, and improving the smoothness of vehicle operation.

[0028] Please continue reading Figures 1 to 3 The air spring mounting seat provided in the first aspect of this utility model addresses the problems of heavy weight, single load transmission, and stress concentration of traditional air spring seats in rail vehicle suspension systems. Through the coordinated structural design of the air spring seat body 100, support plate 104, and stiffener 106, it achieves both efficient vertical load transmission and lightweight design.

[0029] The air spring seat 100 is a rigid metal component, with an overall columnar or cylindrical structure. It is made of high-strength alloy, possessing resistance to bending and compression. Its core function is to install the air spring and bear the vertical load transmitted by it. The top of the air spring seat 100 has a mounting interface 102. The interface surface is precision milled to minimize flatness error, ensuring a smooth and secure installation of the air spring. Bolt holes for fixing the air spring are evenly distributed around the interface's circumference, ensuring balanced force distribution and eliminating the risk of localized misalignment after installation. The sidewalls of the air spring seat 100 are flat metal surfaces with pre-designed connection areas for stiffeners 106. The surface of these areas is roughened to enhance the connection strength with the stiffeners 106. The bottom of the seat is rigidly connected to the support plate 104, forming a force transmission path that supports the air spring above and connects to the support plate 104 below.

[0030] The support plate 104 is a horizontal metal plate made of the same material as the air spring seat 100. It extends outwards from the bottom of the air spring seat 100, and its core function is to receive the vertical load transmitted by the stiffener 106 and transfer the load to the lower cover plate of the frame, while providing stable support for the entire air spring mounting base. The extension length and width of the support plate 104 are designed according to the internal space of the box-type side beam 112 of the frame, ensuring full contact with the inner surface of the lower cover plate of the side beam to avoid excessive local stress. The lower surface of the support plate 104 is the connection interface, which is precision-polished without protrusions or depressions, allowing it to fit tightly against the lower cover plate of the frame and achieve rigid fixation through welding or bolting. The height of the support plate 104 is lower than the mounting interface 102 at the top of the air spring seat 100, allowing the support plate 104 to be completely accommodated inside the side beam of the frame, without occupying external space of the side beam and avoiding interference with other vehicle components.

[0031] The stiffening plate 106 is a triangular or rectangular metal plate, made of the same material as the air spring seat 100 and the support plate 104. It connects the side wall of the air spring seat 100 and the upper surface of the support plate 104. Its core function is to distribute and transfer the vertical load borne by the air spring seat 100 to the support plate 104, while enhancing the rigidity of the connection between the air spring seat 100 and the support plate 104, preventing deformation caused by load concentration. The number of stiffening plates 106 is determined according to the load-bearing requirements. If there are two stiffening plates 106, they are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the air spring seat 100, forming a figure-eight support structure. One side of the stiffening plate 106 is completely fitted with the side wall of the air spring seat 100, and the other side is completely fitted with the upper surface of the support plate 104. The fitted parts are fixed by welding or integral molding, without gaps or loose connections. The height of the stiffening plate 106 is adapted to the height of the air spring seat 100 to ensure that it can cover the main stress area of ​​the side wall of the seat. The edges of the stiffening plate 106 are rounded to avoid stress concentration, and the surface is flat so as not to affect the installation of other components inside the frame side beam.

[0032] The weight of the vehicle body is transferred to the mounting interface 102 at the top of the air spring seat 100 via the air spring. The air spring seat 100 then transfers the load downward to the side wall. The stiffening plate 106, being rigidly connected to the side wall of the seat, can distribute the vertical load of the side wall to the upper surface of the support plate 104. The support plate 104 then evenly transfers the load to the lower cover plate of the frame through the connection interface, and finally the frame transfers the load to the wheelset and the track, forming a complete load transfer closed loop of air spring, air spring seat 100, stiffening plate 106, support plate 104, and frame, avoiding the concentration of load in a single part.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one stiffening plate 106 includes a first stiffening plate 108 and a second stiffening plate 110 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the air spring seat 100.

[0034] In one embodiment of this utility model, the first stiffener 108 and the second stiffener 110 are both triangular metal plates, made of the same material as the air spring seat 100 and the support plate 104, and are respectively connected between the two side walls of the air spring seat 100 and the support plate 104 by welding or integral molding. The two stiffeners 106 are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the air spring seat 100 to ensure that the force on both sides of the air spring seat 100 is balanced.

[0035] One side of the first stiffening plate 108 is tightly fitted to the side wall of the air spring seat 100, and the other side is fitted to the upper surface of the support plate 104. The second stiffening plate 110 is installed in the same way as the first stiffening plate 108, and the two form a V-shaped support structure to transfer vertical loads from both sides of the air spring seat 100 to the support plate 104. The height of the stiffening plate 106 is adapted to the height of the air spring seat 100 to ensure that it can cover the main stress area of ​​the side wall of the air spring seat 100. The thickness of the stiffening plate 106 is designed according to the load-bearing requirements to ensure sufficient strength to transfer the load while avoiding an increase in overall weight due to excessive thickness.

[0036] In addition, the connection between the stiffening plate 106 and the air spring seat 100 and the support plate 104 is made with a smooth transition to avoid stress concentration. At the same time, the surface of the stiffening plate 106 is made flat without protrusions or depressions to ensure uniform load transfer and prevent local stress peaks.

[0037] The symmetrically distributed first stiffener 108 and second stiffener 110 can evenly distribute the vertical load borne by the air spring seat 100 to the support plate 104. Compared with a single stiffener 106 or an asymmetrical stiffener 106, it can effectively avoid local stress concentration caused by excessive force on one side of the air spring seat 100, reduce fatigue damage at the connection between the air spring seat 100 and the support plate 104, and extend the service life of the air spring mounting seat.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the support plate 104 is provided with a connection interface for connecting with the lower cover plate of the frame.

[0039] In one embodiment of this utility model, the connection interface is the lower surface of the support plate 104. This surface is precision milled to ensure minimal flatness error, guaranteeing a tight fit with the inner surface of the lower cover plate of the frame, without gaps or loose connections. Multiple through holes for inserting connecting bolts are provided on the connection interface. The positions of these through holes precisely correspond to the threaded holes on the lower cover plate of the frame. The bolts pass through the through holes and are screwed into the threaded holes, rigidly connecting the support plate 104 to the lower cover plate.

[0040] The number of through holes is determined according to the load-bearing requirements, usually 4-6, and evenly distributed in the edge area of ​​the connection interface to ensure that the support plate 104 is subjected to balanced force when the bolts are tightened, without local deformation. The edge of the connection interface is provided with a positioning boss, and the corresponding position of the lower cover plate of the frame is provided with a positioning groove. The size of the boss and the groove are adapted, and the support plate 104 can be quickly positioned by the cooperation of the boss and the groove during installation, avoiding lateral displacement of the support plate 104 and the lower cover plate, and ensuring that the air spring seat 100 can accurately pass through the mounting through hole of the upper cover plate of the frame.

[0041] In addition, the surface of the connection interface is treated with anti-corrosion to prevent corrosion caused by environmental humidity during long-term use, ensure the connection stability between the support plate 104 and the lower cover plate, and avoid bolt loosening or connection failure due to corrosion.

[0042] The flat design of the connection interface and the bolt fixing method ensure that the support plate 104 and the lower cover plate of the frame form a rigid connection. The vertical load borne by the air spring seat 100 can be efficiently transferred to the lower cover plate through the support plate 104, and then distributed to the entire frame by the lower cover plate. This avoids the interruption of load transfer due to loose connection and ensures the load-bearing stability of the rail vehicle suspension system.

[0043] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the air spring seat 100, the support plate 104, and at least one stiffener 106 are integrally formed structures.

[0044] In one embodiment of this utility model, the air spring seat 100, the support plate 104, and at least one stiffener 106 are made of the same metal material and are formed into an inseparable integral structure in one piece through casting or forging. If casting is used, molten metal is injected into a preset mold cavity, and after the molten metal cools and solidifies, the workpiece is removed and the surface is cleaned and precision machined. If forging is used, the metal billet is pressed into shape by forging equipment, and the plastic deformation of the metal is used to fuse the structure of each component into one piece. After forming, the surface is also finished.

[0045] In the one-piece molded structure, the mounting interface 102 of the air spring seat 100, the connection interface of the support plate 104, and the connection parts of the stiffening plate 106 do not require additional welding or splicing. The transitions between the components are smooth, with no welded joints or splicing gaps. After molding, the overall structure undergoes mechanical performance testing to ensure that it meets the load-bearing requirements of the rail vehicle suspension system. At the same time, the dimensional accuracy of the mounting interface 102 and the connection interface is calibrated to ensure that it meets the assembly requirements.

[0046] In addition, the surface of the unibody structure is uniformly treated with anti-corrosion measures to prevent corrosion in untreated areas and ensure the overall durability of the structure.

[0047] The one-piece molding structure eliminates weak points caused by welding or splicing. The continuity of the metal material makes the load transfer between components smoother. The bending and torsional strength of the overall structure is significantly improved, and it can withstand greater vertical loads and dynamic impacts. It avoids structural failure caused by welding cracks or loose splices and extends the service life of the air spring mounting base.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the integrally formed structure is a casting or forging.

[0049] In one embodiment of this utility model, if the integrally formed structure is a casting, high-strength cast iron or cast steel is selected and manufactured through sand casting or precision casting processes. During casting, a mold is first made according to the structure of the air spring mounting seat. Molten metal is poured into the mold cavity. After the molten metal has completely cooled and solidified, the casting is demolded, the riser and gate are removed, and the surface is polished. Subsequently, key parts such as the mounting interface 102 and the connection interface are precision milled to ensure that the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness meet the requirements. The internal structure of the casting is subjected to non-destructive testing to ensure that there are no defects such as porosity and sand holes, so as to avoid affecting the overall strength.

[0050] If the unibody structure is a forging, high-strength alloy steel is selected as the blank, and it is processed by hot forging or cold forging. In hot forging, the metal blank is heated to a plastic state, and then pressed into a mold cavity using forging equipment, deforming the blank into a pre-designed air spring mounting structure. Cold forging is carried out at room temperature, using high-pressure forging to shape the blank. After forging, annealing is performed to eliminate internal stress, followed by precision machining to ensure the dimensional accuracy of each component, and finally surface treatment to improve surface hardness and fatigue resistance.

[0051] Whether it is a casting or a forging, mechanical property testing must be conducted after forming to ensure that it meets the load-bearing requirements of the rail vehicle suspension system.

[0052] The casting process can manufacture air spring mounting seats with complex structures, and the mold making cost is relatively low, making it suitable for mass production. At the same time, the casting material has good fluidity and can fill the fine cavities of the mold, ensuring the structural integrity of each component of the air spring mounting seat and meeting the personalized structural requirements of different vehicle models for air spring mounting seats.

[0053] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first stiffener 108 and the second stiffener 110 both extend along the longitudinal direction of the air spring seat 100.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal direction of the air spring seat 100 is consistent with the length direction of the frame box side beam 112. The first stiffener 108 and the second stiffener 110 are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the air spring seat 100 and both extend along the longitudinal direction to form a long strip support structure.

[0055] One side of the first stiffener 108 is tightly fitted to the side wall of the air spring seat 100, with the fitting length covering the main longitudinal area of ​​the side wall of the air spring seat 100. The other side is fitted to the upper surface of the support plate 104, with the fitting length matching the fitting length of the side wall of the air spring seat 100. The second stiffener 110 is installed in the same way as the first stiffener 108. After both extend along the longitudinal direction, they form a continuous load transfer channel from both sides of the air spring seat 100 to the support plate 104. The height of the stiffener 106 remains consistent along the longitudinal direction to ensure that the force on the air spring seat 100 at various positions in the longitudinal direction can be evenly transferred to the support plate 104. The thickness of the stiffener 106 is designed according to the load distribution in the longitudinal direction. The thickness can be appropriately increased in the central area where the load is concentrated to avoid insufficient local strength.

[0056] In addition, the two ends of the stiffening plate 106 along the longitudinal direction are rounded to avoid stress concentration at the connection ends with the air spring seat 100 and the support plate 104; the surface of the stiffening plate 106 is flush with the surface of the air spring seat 100 and the support plate 104, without protrusions or depressions, to ensure the flatness of the overall structure and not interfere with the installation and operation of other components inside the frame side beam.

[0057] The stiffening plate 106 extending along the longitudinal direction of the air spring seat 100 can evenly transfer the vertical load borne by the air spring seat 100 at various positions in the longitudinal direction to the support plate 104, avoiding local load concentration caused by the limited coverage of the traditional short stiffening plate 106, reducing cracking or deformation in a certain area of ​​the air spring seat 100 in the longitudinal direction due to overload, and extending the service life of the air spring mounting base.

[0058] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the support plate 104 is installed at a height lower than the mounting interface 102.

[0059] In one embodiment of this utility model, the support plate 104 is positioned at a height based on the top surface of the mounting interface 102. A preset height difference is maintained between the upper surface of the support plate 104 and the top surface of the mounting interface 102, ensuring that the support plate 104 is entirely below the mounting interface 102. The air spring seat 100 extends downwards from the bottom of the mounting interface 102 and connects to the upper surface of the support plate 104. The stiffening rib 106 connects the sidewall of the air spring seat 100 to the upper surface of the support plate 104, forming a load-bearing structure that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

[0060] When the air spring mounting base is assembled with the frame, the air spring base 100 passes through the mounting through hole of the upper cover plate of the frame, and the mounting interface 102 is located on the top surface of the upper cover plate for mounting the air spring; the support plate 104 is located inside the box-shaped side beam 112 of the frame and is connected to the inner surface of the lower cover plate. The height of the support plate 104 is lower than the mounting interface 102, so that most of the structure of the air spring base 100 is located inside the side beam, and only the mounting interface 102 is exposed outside the side beam.

[0061] In addition, the height design of the support plate 104 ensures that there is enough space inside the side beam to accommodate the support plate 104 and the stiffener 106, without interfering with other components of the side beam. At the same time, the length of the air spring seat 100 is adapted to the height of the side beam to avoid the air spring seat 100 being too long and causing the internal space of the side beam to be crowded, or too short and causing the installation interface 102 to not protrude from the top surface of the top cover plate.

[0062] The design of the support plate 104 being lower than the mounting interface 102 allows the air spring mounting seat to be precisely fitted to the internal space of the frame box side beam 112. The support plate 104 and stiffening plate 106 are hidden inside the side beam, without occupying the external space of the side beam, avoiding interference with other components of the vehicle, improving the utilization rate of the bottom space of the rail vehicle, and conforming to the design trend of compact vehicle structure.

[0063] A second aspect of this utility model provides a framework, including: At least one box-type side beam 112, the box-type side beam 112 including an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate; Such as the air spring mounting bracket mentioned above; The upper cover plate is provided with a mounting through hole, through which the air spring seat 100 of the air spring mounting seat passes, and the top of the air spring mounting seat is mounted on the top surface of the upper cover plate; the support plate 104 of the air spring mounting seat is set inside the box-shaped side beam 112 and is connected to the inner surface of the lower cover plate.

[0064] According to the framework provided in the second aspect of this utility model, the box-type side beam 112 adopts a closed hollow structure. Combined with the lightweight design of the air spring mounting base, it reduces material usage while ensuring strength through the box-type structure and local reinforcement, resulting in a significant weight reduction compared to traditional frameworks. The lightweight design reduces the overall weight of the vehicle, lowers traction system energy consumption, reduces wheel and rail wear, and extends the service life of wheelsets and tracks, meeting the energy-saving and consumption-reducing operational requirements of rail vehicles. Rigid integration enhances load-bearing reliability. The through-type, internally supported connection between the air spring mounting base and the side beam eliminates the risk of connection gaps or loosening compared to traditional bolt connections, stably transmitting the vertical load of the air spring. Simultaneously, the closed structure of the box-type side beam 112 and the reinforcement of the air spring mounting base's stiffeners 106 enable the framework to withstand vibrations and impacts under complex vehicle operating conditions, preventing deformation and cracking of the side beam or air spring mounting base due to insufficient strength, ensuring long-term stable operation of the air spring, and reducing the frequency of suspension system failures.

[0065] The frame provided in the second aspect of this utility model addresses the coordinated requirements of the load-bearing and suspension systems of rail vehicles. Through the rigid integrated design of the box-type side beam 112 and the air spring mounting seat, it achieves stable installation of the air spring and efficient transmission of vertical loads, while also taking into account the lightweight and structural strength of the frame.

[0066] The box-type side beam 112 is a key longitudinal structure of the frame. It is made of high-strength alloy and has mechanical properties that resist bending and torsion. Its core function is to connect the transverse beams of the frame to form a frame-type load-bearing structure, while also providing installation space and reference for the air spring.

[0067] The air spring mounting bracket is integrated into the box-type side beam 112 through a through-type, internally supported method, forming a rigid whole with the side beam. Its core function is to install the air spring and transmit vertical loads.

[0068] The weight of the vehicle body is transferred to the mounting interface 102 of the air spring mounting seat through the air spring. The air spring seat 100 transfers the load downward to the side wall. The stiffening plate 106 distributes the vertical load of the side wall to the support plate 104. The support plate 104, through rigid connection with the lower cover plate, evenly transfers the load to the lower cover plate. The lower cover plate then transfers the load to the web plate and the upper cover plate, and finally the entire box-type side beam 112 distributes the load to the crossbeams and wheelsets of the frame, forming a complete load transfer closed loop of air spring, air spring mounting seat, side beam, and wheelsets, avoiding local stress concentration.

[0069] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the support plate 104 is fixed to the inner surface of the lower cover plate by welding.

[0070] In one embodiment of this utility model, before welding, the connection interface of the support plate 104 and the inner surface of the lower cover plate are cleaned to remove oil, rust, and impurities, ensuring that no foreign objects affect the welding quality. During welding, an arc welding or gas shielded welding process is used to tightly fit the connection interface of the support plate 104 and the inner surface of the lower cover plate. Full welding is performed along the edge of the support plate 104, with the weld covering the entire edge of the fit. The weld height is adapted to the thickness of the support plate 104 to ensure that the weld strength is not lower than the strength of the support plate 104 body.

[0071] During welding, the relative positions of the support plate 104 and the lower cover plate are fixed by tooling fixtures to prevent welding deformation from causing the support plate 104 to shift, ensuring that the air spring seat 100 can accurately pass through the mounting through hole of the upper cover plate. After welding, the weld is visually inspected, and the internal quality of the weld is verified by non-destructive testing; then the weld surface is ground to remove weld beads and spatter, so that the weld and the surfaces of the support plate 104 and the lower cover plate are smoothly transitioned, avoiding stress concentration.

[0072] In addition, the welded parts are treated with anti-corrosion measures to prevent the weld from weakening due to corrosion and to ensure the long-term stability of the connection between the support plate 104 and the lower cover plate.

[0073] The full welding method forms a rigid connection between the support plate 104 and the lower cover plate. The weld can effectively transfer the vertical load and avoid the interruption of load transfer due to loose connection. Compared with bolt connection, welded connection has stronger vibration resistance and can withstand the dynamic impact of long-term operation of rail vehicles, ensuring the load-bearing stability of the suspension system.

[0074] A third aspect of this utility model provides a vehicle including the air spring mounting seat as described above; Or it may include a framework as described above.

[0075] In one embodiment of this utility model, the vehicle is a rail vehicle, with multiple frames installed under each car. At least one air spring mounting seat is fixed on the box-shaped side beam 112 of each frame. The mounting interface 102 of the air spring mounting seat is connected to the air spring, and the top of the air spring is connected to the bottom of the car body, forming a suspension system of car body, air spring, air spring mounting seat, frame, and wheelset.

[0076] When the vehicle is in motion, the weight of the vehicle body is transferred to the air spring seat 100 of the air spring mounting bracket via the air spring. The air spring seat 100 then transfers the load to the support plate 104 via the stiffening plate 106. The support plate 104 then transfers the load to the lower cover plate of the frame via welding or bolting, and finally the frame transfers the load to the wheelset and track. When the vehicle encounters bumpy road sections, the air spring buffers the vibration through extension and contraction, while the air spring mounting bracket stabilizes the load through its rigid structure, preventing structural deformation caused by vibration. The limit stop restricts excessive movement of the air spring and prevents interference between the air spring mounting bracket and other components.

[0077] During vehicle maintenance, operators can check the welds, connection interfaces, and mounting interface 102 of the air spring mounting seat to determine its working status. If the air spring mounting seat needs to be replaced, only the connecting parts between the air spring and the support plate 104 need to be disassembled to remove the old mounting seat and replace it with a new one. There is no need to disassemble the entire frame, which simplifies the maintenance process.

[0078] According to the vehicle provided in the third aspect embodiment of this utility model, the high-strength structure and reliable connection of the air spring mounting base ensure that the air spring can stably transmit the vehicle body load, avoiding suspension system failures caused by mounting base deformation or connection failure. Simultaneously, the load-dispersing effect of the stiffening plate 106 and the rigid support of the support plate 104 reduce vibration transmission in the suspension system, improving vehicle stability and comfort, and reducing passenger discomfort caused by bumps. The lightweight design of the air spring mounting base reduces the overall weight of the vehicle and lowers traction system energy consumption; its high durability and corrosion resistance design extend service life, reducing maintenance frequency and costs; at the same time, the convenient maintenance process shortens vehicle downtime, improves operational efficiency, and adapts to the high-frequency, long-distance operation needs of rail vehicles.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A spring mounting base, characterized in that, include: An air spring seat, the top of which is provided with a mounting interface for installing an air spring; A support plate extends from the bottom of the air spring seat; At least one stiffening plate, the stiffening plate connecting the side wall of the air spring seat to the support plate; The stiffening plate is used to transfer the vertical load borne by the air spring seat to the support plate.

2. The air spring mounting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the stiffening plates includes a first stiffening plate and a second stiffening plate symmetrically arranged on both sides of the air spring seat.

3. The air spring mounting base according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first stiffener and the second stiffener extend along the longitudinal direction of the air spring seat.

4. The air spring mounting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air spring seat, the support plate, and at least one of the stiffening plates are integrally formed structures.

5. The air spring mounting bracket according to claim 4, characterized in that, The integrally formed structure is a casting or forging.

6. The air spring mounting base according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The support plate is provided with a connection interface for connecting to the lower cover plate of the frame.

7. The air spring mounting base according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The support plate is positioned at a height lower than the mounting interface.

8. A framework, characterized in that, include: At least one box-shaped side beam, the box-shaped side beam including an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate; Spring mounting base as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The upper cover plate is provided with a mounting through hole, through which the air spring seat of the air spring mounting base passes, and the top of the air spring mounting base is mounted on the top surface of the upper cover plate; the support plate of the air spring mounting base is disposed inside the box-shaped side beam and is connected to the inner surface of the lower cover plate.

9. The framework according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support plate is fixed to the inner surface of the lower cover plate by welding.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the air spring mounting base as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; Or it may include the framework as described in claim 8 or 9.

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