Sliding rail type multi-directional shock-absorbing self-resetting SMA bridge damper

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of bridge anti-seismic, and particularly relates to a slide rail type multi-directional damping self-resetting SMA bridge damper, which comprises a lower assembly and an upper assembly. The lower assembly comprises a bottom plate, a first base and a second base fixed to the bottom plate and symmetrically arranged left and right, a third base and a fourth base symmetrically arranged left and right and arranged on the bottom plate, and SMA cables. The upper assembly comprises an upper plate, a first push plate fixed to the upper plate, a second push plate fixed to the upper plate, a third push plate fixed to the upper plate, and a fourth push plate fixed to the upper plate. The bottom plate is fixedly connected with a pier cap beam, and the upper plate is fixedly connected with a main beam. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and realization of longitudinal and transverse bidirectional multi-directional damping self-resetting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge seismic resistance, specifically relating to a sliding rail type multi-directional damping self-resetting SMA bridge damper. Background Technology

[0002] In recent decades, with the rapid development of bridge construction technology, a large number of bridge projects have been put into use. However, sudden disasters such as earthquakes have placed higher demands on the safety of bridge structures. Shape memory alloys (SMAs), due to their superelasticity and shape memory effect, have shown unique advantages in the field of bridge seismic resistance, and are mainly used in the seismic reinforcement of bridge piers and the control of pier-beam connections.

[0003] In terms of seismic enhancement of bridge piers, common strategies include replacing some steel bars with SMA bars in the plastic hinge region and adding SMA buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) to the outside of the bridge pier to achieve efficient energy dissipation and self-resetting functions; for swaying piers, SMA cables can also be configured to provide restoring force and deformation control capabilities.

[0004] In terms of pier-beam connection control, SMA cables can be used as independent components or integrated into the support system, thereby effectively adjusting the structural dynamic characteristics, reducing vibration and energy consumption, and achieving self-resetting during earthquakes.

[0005] However, existing SMA damping devices are mostly designed for operation in a single direction, making it difficult to achieve efficient multi-directional energy dissipation and self-resetting functions under complex ground vibrations. Setting different damping devices in different directions will increase the complexity and cost of the damping system. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes a simple, sliding-rail type multi-directional damping self-resetting SMA bridge damper that can operate in both longitudinal and transverse directions.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A sliding rail type multi-directional shock absorption self-resetting SMA bridge damper includes a lower component and an upper component. The lower component includes a base plate, a first base and a second base fixed to the base plate and symmetrically arranged on both sides, a third base and a fourth base arranged on the base plate and symmetrically arranged on both sides, and an SMA cable.

[0009] The base plate has a first slide rail and a second slide rail that are symmetrically arranged vertically. A first slider is slidably connected to the first slide rail, and a second slider is slidably connected to the second slide rail. A third slide rail is fixed in the middle of the base plate, and a third slider and a fourth slider are slidably connected to the left and right sides of the third slide rail.

[0010] Each of the first, second, third, and fourth bases is equipped with a rotating shaft. The first base is connected to a first single fixed pulley via the rotating shaft, the second base is connected to a second single fixed pulley via the rotating shaft, the third base is connected to a third single fixed movable pulley via the rotating shaft, and the fourth base is connected to a double fixed pulley via the rotating shaft.

[0011] Each of the first, second, third, and fourth sliders is equipped with a rotating shaft. The first slider is connected to a first movable pulley via the rotating shaft, the second slider is connected to a second movable pulley via the rotating shaft, the third slider is connected to a third movable pulley via the rotating shaft, and the fourth slider is connected to a fourth movable pulley via the rotating shaft.

[0012] An anchor plate is fixed on the bottom plate inside the double fixed pulley. A pair of SMA anchor heads pass through the anchor plate. The SMA anchor heads are fixedly connected to the SMA cable. The SMA cable is arranged in a ring around the outer periphery of the first single fixed pulley, the fourth movable pulley, the third single fixed pulley, the second movable pulley, the double fixed pulley, the third movable pulley, the second single fixed pulley, and the first movable pulley. Specifically, it is arranged around the outer side of the first single fixed pulley, the second single fixed pulley, the third single fixed pulley, the double fixed pulley, the first movable pulley, and the second movable pulley, and around the inner side of the third movable pulley and the fourth movable pulley.

[0013] The upper component includes an upper plate, a first push plate fixed to the upper plate, a second push plate fixed to the upper plate, a third push plate fixed to the upper plate, and a fourth push plate fixed to the upper plate. The first push plate is located inside the first movable pulley, the second push plate is located inside the second movable pulley, the third push plate is located outside the third movable pulley, and the fourth push plate is located outside the fourth movable pulley.

[0014] The bottom plate is fixedly connected to the pier cap beam, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the main beam.

[0015] Preferably, the first base, the second base, the third base, the fourth base, the first slider, the second slider, the third slider, and the fourth slider are respectively provided with a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft, a fourth rotating shaft, a fifth rotating shaft, a sixth rotating shaft, a seventh rotating shaft, and an eighth rotating shaft.

[0016] Preferably, a first stop block is fixed on one end of the first slide rail near the second slide rail, a second stop block is fixed on one end of the second slide rail near the first slide rail, and a third stop block and a fourth stop block are fixed on both the left and right ends of the third slide rail.

[0017] Preferably, a butterfly spring is provided between the SMA anchor head and the anchor plate, and the front end of the SMA anchor head has threads, which are locked with nuts to achieve a fixed connection with the anchor plate.

[0018] Preferably, the centers of the first single fixed pulley, the second single fixed pulley, the third single fixed pulley, the double fixed pulley, the first movable pulley, the second movable pulley, the third movable pulley, and the fourth movable pulley are located at the same horizontal height.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) Multidirectional energy dissipation and self-resetting: This invention adopts a multidirectional energy dissipation structure design. When the piers and main beams undergo relative displacement in the lateral, longitudinal, and arbitrary combination directions, the SMA cables can all participate in the work simultaneously, realizing multidirectional energy dissipation and greatly improving the utilization efficiency of the SMA cables. Through the superelastic restoring force of the SMA, the device can automatically return to its initial position after an earthquake without the need for additional reset measures, thereby significantly shortening the post-earthquake bridge function recovery time.

[0021] (2) Compact structure and displacement amplification: The device has a small longitudinal dimension and can be directly arranged on the pier cap beam, making it highly adaptable. Within a limited installation space, displacement amplification and energy dissipation enhancement are achieved by winding SMA cables around multiple pulleys, making it suitable for seismic reinforcement of new and existing bridges.

[0022] (3) Reasonable stress and stable operation: The sliding rail arrangement ensures that the movement direction of the moving pulley is consistent with the stress direction of the SMA cable, reducing additional stress and improving the stability and durability of the device operation.

[0023] (4) Adjustable performance: By changing the diameter and length of the SMA cable or adjusting the preload, the stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of the device can be flexibly optimized according to the seismic design requirements of different bridges, making it highly adaptable. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lower component structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper component structure in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the initial working state of the device in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the fifth rotating shaft and the first push plate in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the eighth rotating shaft and the fourth push plate in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the device operating when it moves to the right in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the device moving forward in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the device moving to the right and forward in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Lower plate; 21. First base; 22. Second base; 23. Third base; 24. Fourth base; 31. First pivot; 32. Second pivot; 33. Third pivot; 34. Fourth pivot; 35. Fifth pivot; 36. Sixth pivot; 37. Seventh pivot; 38. Eighth pivot; 41. First single fixed pulley; 42. Second single fixed pulley; 43. Third single fixed pulley; 44. Double fixed pulley; 45. First movable pulley; 46. Second movable pulley; 47. Third movable pulley; 4 8. Fourth movable pulley; 51. First slide rail; 52. Second slide rail; 53. Third slide rail; 54. First slider; 55. Second slider; 56. Third slider; 57. Fourth slider; 61. First stop block; 62. Second stop block; 63. Third stop block; 64. Fourth stop block; 71. SMA cable; 72. SMA anchor head; 73. Butterfly spring; 74. Nut; 75. Anchor plate; 81. First push plate; 82. Second push plate; 83. Third push plate; 84. Fourth push plate; 9. Upper plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] See Figure 1-5 A sliding rail type multi-directional shock absorption self-resetting SMA bridge damper includes a lower component and an upper component. The lower component includes a base plate, a first base 21 and a second base 22 fixed to the base plate and symmetrically arranged on the left and right, a third base 23 and a fourth base 24 arranged on the base plate and symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and an SMA cable 71.

[0035] The base plate is provided with a first slide rail 51 and a second slide rail 52 that are symmetrically arranged vertically. A first slider 54 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 51 and a second slider 55 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 52. A third slide rail 53 is fixed in the middle of the base plate, and a third slider 56 and a fourth slider 57 are slidably connected to the left and right sides of the third slide rail 53.

[0036] The first base 21, the second base 22, the third base 23, and the fourth base 24 are all provided with a rotating shaft. The first base 21 is connected to a first single fixed pulley 41 through the rotating shaft, the second base 22 is connected to a second single fixed pulley 42 through the rotating shaft, the third base 23 is connected to a third single fixed pulley 43 through the rotating shaft, and the fourth base 24 is connected to a double fixed pulley 44 through the rotating shaft.

[0037] The first slider 54, the second slider 55, the third slider 56, and the fourth slider 57 are all provided with a rotating shaft. The first slider 54 is connected to a first movable pulley 45 through the rotating shaft, the second slider 55 is connected to a second movable pulley 46 through the rotating shaft, the third slider 56 is connected to a third movable pulley 47 through the rotating shaft, and the fourth slider 57 is connected to a fourth movable pulley 48 through the rotating shaft.

[0038] An anchor plate 75 is fixed on the bottom plate inside the double fixed pulley 44. A pair of SMA anchor heads 72 pass through the anchor plate 75. The SMA anchor heads 72 are fixedly connected to the SMA cable 71. The SMA cable 71 is arranged in a ring around the outer periphery of the first single fixed pulley 41, the fourth movable pulley 48, the third single fixed pulley 43, the second movable pulley 46, the double fixed pulley 44, the third movable pulley 47, the second single fixed pulley 42, and the first movable pulley 45. Specifically, it is arranged around the outer side of the first single fixed pulley 41, the second single fixed pulley 42, the third single fixed pulley 43, the double fixed pulley 44, the first movable pulley 45, and the second movable pulley 46, and around the inner side of the third movable pulley 47 and the fourth movable pulley 48.

[0039] The upper component includes an upper plate 9, a first push plate 81 fixed to the upper plate 9, a second push plate 82 fixed to the upper plate 9, a third push plate 83 fixed to the upper plate 9, and a fourth push plate 84 fixed to the upper plate 9. The first push plate 81 is located inside the first movable pulley 45, the second push plate 82 is located inside the second movable pulley 46, the third push plate 83 is located outside the third movable pulley 47, and the fourth push plate 84 is located outside the fourth movable pulley 48.

[0040] The bottom plate is fixedly connected to the pier cap beam, and the upper plate 9 is fixedly connected to the main beam.

[0041] See Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the first base 21, the second base 22, the third base 23, the fourth base 24, the first slider 54, the second slider 55, the third slider 56, and the fourth slider 57 are respectively provided with a first rotating shaft 31, a second rotating shaft 32, a third rotating shaft 33, a fourth rotating shaft 34, a fifth rotating shaft 35, a sixth rotating shaft 36, a seventh rotating shaft 37, and an eighth rotating shaft 38.

[0042] See Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a first stop block 61 is fixed on one end of the first slide rail 51 near the second slide rail 52, a second stop block 62 is fixed on one end of the second slide rail 52 near the first slide rail 51, and a third stop block 63 and a fourth stop block 64 are fixed on the left and right ends of the third slide rail 53.

[0043] The first stop 61 can restrict the first slider 54 from moving inward; the second stop 62 can restrict the second slider 55 from moving inward; the third stop 63 can restrict the third slider 56 from moving outward; and the fourth stop 64 can restrict the fourth slider 57 from moving outward.

[0044] The aforementioned inner side and inward movement refer to the center of the lower plate 1, that is, the center of the lower plate 1 is defined as the inner side, and the outside of the lower plate 1 is defined as the outer side.

[0045] See Figure 1 In one embodiment of this utility model, a butterfly spring 73 is provided between the SMA anchor head 72 and the anchor plate 75. The front end of the SMA anchor head 72 has a thread, and it is locked with the anchor plate 75 by a nut 74 to achieve a fixed connection. The preload of the SMA cable 71 can be adjusted by rotating the SMA anchor head 72 to change its front and rear position.

[0046] In one embodiment of this utility model, the centers of the first single fixed pulley 41, the second single fixed pulley 42, the third single fixed pulley 43, the double fixed pulley 44, the first movable pulley 45, the second movable pulley 46, the third movable pulley 47, and the fourth movable pulley 48 are located at the same horizontal height so that the SMA cable 71 can be better stressed.

[0047] It should also be noted that the lower parts of the first push plate 81, the second push plate 82, the third push plate 83, and the fourth push plate 84 should be lower than the upper part of the corresponding rotating shaft, so that each push plate can push the rotating shaft to move when it moves.

[0048] In its initial operating state, this damper, such as Figure 3 As shown.

[0049] SMA cable 71 is wrapped around the outside of the first movable pulley 45 and the second movable pulley 46, giving the movable pulleys a force to move inward. The first movable pulley 45 and the second movable pulley 46 are respectively limited by the first stop block 61 and the second stop block 62 on the inside of the slide rail, and the pulleys remain stationary. SMA cable 71 is wrapped around the inside of the third movable pulley 47 and the fourth movable pulley 48, giving the movable pulleys a force to move outward. The third movable pulley 47 and the fourth movable pulley 48 are respectively limited by the third stop block 63 and the fourth stop block 64 on the outside of the slide rail, and the pulleys remain stationary.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, when left and right displacement occurs, when the upper plate 9 moves to the right relative to the lower plate 1, the upper plate 9 moves to the right, the third push plate 83 pushes the seventh rotating shaft 37 to move to the right, the seventh rotating shaft 37 drives the third movable pulley 47 and the third slider 56 to move to the right on the third slide rail 53, causing the SMA cable 71 to be stretched, and the tension is as follows. Figure 6As shown, the tension generated by the SMA cable 71 exerts a restoring force to the left on the third movable pulley 47, which in turn exerts a restoring force to the left on the third push plate 83, thus achieving a self-resetting effect. The maximum rightward displacement of the third movable pulley 47 is close to the position of the fourth movable pulley 48. The same applies to the leftward displacement.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, when a relative displacement occurs, when the upper plate 9 moves forward relative to the lower plate 1, the upper plate 9 moves forward, the first push plate 81 pushes the fifth rotating shaft 35 forward, the fifth rotating shaft 35 drives the first movable pulley 45 and the first slider 54 to move forward on the first slide rail 51, causing the SMA cable 71 to be stretched, and the tension is as follows. Figure 7 As shown, the tension generated by the SMA cable 71 applies an inward restoring force to the first movable pulley 45, which in turn applies an inward restoring force to the first push plate 81, thus achieving a self-resetting effect. The maximum forward displacement of the first movable pulley 45 is close to the outer edge of the first slide rail 51. The backward displacement is similar.

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, when bidirectional displacement occurs, if the upper plate 9 moves to the right and forward relative to the lower plate 1, the third push plate 83 pushes the seventh rotating shaft 37 to move to the right. The seventh rotating shaft 37 drives the third movable pulley 47 and the third slider 56 to move to the right on the third slide rail 53. The first push plate 81 pushes the fifth rotating shaft 35 to move forward. The fifth rotating shaft 35 drives the first movable pulley 45 and the first slider 54 to move forward on the first slide rail 51, causing the SMA cable 71 to be stretched. The tension is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the tension generated by the SMA cable 71 applies a restoring force to the left to the third movable pulley 47 and a restoring force to the back to the first movable pulley 45, which in turn applies a restoring force to the left to the third push plate 83 and a restoring force to the back to the first push plate 81, thus achieving a self-resetting effect. The same principle applies to right-rear, left-forward, and left-right displacements.

[0053] During the design process of dampers, the stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of the device can be flexibly optimized by adjusting parameters such as the diameter of the SMA cable, the pulley spacing and relative position, and the preload, thereby meeting the seismic performance requirements of different bridge structures.

[0054] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A sliding rail type multi-directional self-resetting SMA bridge damper, characterized in that, It includes a lower component and an upper component. The lower component includes a base plate, a first base and a second base fixed to the base plate and symmetrically arranged on the left and right, a third base and a fourth base arranged on the base plate and symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and an SMA cable. The base plate is provided with a first slide rail and a second slide rail that are symmetrically arranged vertically. A first slider is slidably connected to the first slide rail and a second slider is slidably connected to the second slide rail. A third slide rail is fixed in the middle of the base plate, and a third slider and a fourth slider are slidably connected to the left and right sides of the third slide rail. The first base, the second base, the third base, and the fourth base are all equipped with a rotating shaft. The first base is connected to a first single fixed pulley via the rotating shaft, the second base is connected to a second single fixed pulley via the rotating shaft, the third base is connected to a third single fixed pulley via the rotating shaft, and the fourth base is connected to a double fixed pulley via the rotating shaft. The first slider, the second slider, the third slider, and the fourth slider are all provided with a rotating shaft. The first slider is connected to a first movable pulley through the rotating shaft, the second slider is connected to a second movable pulley through the rotating shaft, the third slider is connected to a third movable pulley through the rotating shaft, and the fourth slider is connected to a fourth movable pulley through the rotating shaft. An anchor plate is fixed on the bottom plate inside the double fixed pulley. A pair of SMA anchor heads pass through the anchor plate. The SMA anchor heads are fixedly connected to the SMA cable. The SMA cable is arranged in a ring around the outer periphery of the first single fixed pulley, the fourth movable pulley, the third single fixed pulley, the second movable pulley, the double fixed pulley, the third movable pulley, the second single fixed pulley, and the first movable pulley. Specifically, it is arranged around the outer side of the first single fixed pulley, the second single fixed pulley, the third single fixed pulley, the double fixed pulley, the first movable pulley, and the second movable pulley, and around the inner side of the third movable pulley and the fourth movable pulley. The upper component includes an upper plate, a first push plate fixed to the upper plate, a second push plate fixed to the upper plate, a third push plate fixed to the upper plate, and a fourth push plate fixed to the upper plate. The first push plate is located inside the first movable pulley, the second push plate is located inside the second movable pulley, the third push plate is located outside the third movable pulley, and the fourth push plate is located outside the fourth movable pulley. The bottom plate is fixedly connected to the pier cap beam, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the main beam.

2. The sliding rail type multi-directional self-resetting SMA bridge damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first base, the second base, the third base, the fourth base, the first slider, the second slider, the third slider, and the fourth slider are respectively provided with a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft, a fourth rotating shaft, a fifth rotating shaft, a sixth rotating shaft, a seventh rotating shaft, and an eighth rotating shaft.

3. The sliding rail type multi-directional vibration damping self-resetting SMA bridge damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first stop block is fixed on one end of the first slide rail near the second slide rail, a second stop block is fixed on one end of the second slide rail near the first slide rail, and a third stop block and a fourth stop block are fixed on both the left and right ends of the third slide rail.

4. The sliding rail type multi-directional vibration damping self-resetting SMA bridge damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, A butterfly spring is provided between the SMA anchor head and the anchor plate. The front end of the SMA anchor head has threads, and a nut is used to lock it in place to achieve a fixed connection with the anchor plate.

5. A sliding rail type multi-directional self-resetting SMA bridge damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centers of the first single fixed pulley, the second single fixed pulley, the third single fixed pulley, the double fixed pulley, the first movable pulley, the second movable pulley, the third movable pulley, and the fourth movable pulley are located at the same horizontal height.

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