A center support frame structure which avoids an opening and is easy to repair

Abstract

The utility model relates to building steel structure technical field especially relates to a kind of center support frame structure that avoids hole and is easily repaired, including frame beam, frame column and center support;Two parallel frame beams and two parallel frame columns constitute square frame, one frame beam includes durable section and vulnerable section, and durable section and vulnerable section are hinged connection;The center support includes support section and avoidance section, the support section is arranged obliquely, and support section is connected with the connecting point of frame beam and frame column, the avoidance section is connected with the connecting point of diagonal frame beam and frame column, and avoidance section is installed in the vulnerable section, for avoiding the hole in square frame. Through the utility model, the problem that traditional center support oblique support section hinders door and window hole and traffic streamline and the problem that it is difficult to repair after damage are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building steel structure technology, and in particular to a central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair. Background Technology

[0002] The centrally braced frame structure is a core component of the lateral force resisting system. Its main function is to resist horizontal forces such as wind loads and seismic loads, providing lateral stiffness to the building and ensuring the overall safety and reliability of the structure. Traditional centrally braced frames connect the nodes of the frame beams and frame columns through diagonal members, forming a geometrically stable truss system. By utilizing the axial force of the diagonal members, horizontal loads are efficiently transferred, significantly reducing structural lateral displacement.

[0003] The existing central support framework has the following shortcomings:

[0004] First, openings are typically located within the frame, and the diagonal central support penetrates the building's interior space, obstructing the placement of these openings and horizontal evacuation routes. This forces circulation routes to detour, reducing traffic efficiency and increasing the risk of emergency evacuation. Furthermore, the diagonal central support conflicts with space allocated for equipment and pipelines, compressing the area for pipe installation and impacting the building's functional integrity.

[0005] Secondly, the central support is usually made of I-beams, which are prone to instability and failure under seismic loads. Simply increasing the cross-sectional size of the central support I-beams will result in material waste and increased costs. Furthermore, increasing the cross-sectional size of the central support I-beams will also affect the building's functionality.

[0006] Finally, if the frame beams are damaged in an earthquake, the entire structural component needs to be replaced, which is difficult and costly to repair and will cause the building to be out of use for a long time. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair. By setting support buckling-resistant members, the central support not only fully leverages its advantages but also effectively overcomes the impact of the central support on the building's functionality.

[0008] Under minor earthquake and wind loads, the structure can transfer structural stiffness through vulnerable sections and central support sections. Simultaneously, during major earthquakes, it can transfer the axial load from the central support to pre-designated vulnerable sections, dissipating seismic energy through deformation of these vulnerable sections. Furthermore, these vulnerable sections can be quickly replaced after an earthquake, avoiding the need for extensive replacement of entire structural components and ensuring easy repair and rapid return to service after a major earthquake. This structure achieves multiple objectives, including high safety, excellent seismic resistance, simple construction, low cost, no interference with door and window placement, and easy post-earthquake repair.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair includes: frame beams, frame columns, and a central support; two parallel frame beams and two parallel frame columns form a square frame, wherein one frame beam includes a durable section and a vulnerable section, which are hinged together; the central support includes a support section and a avoidance section, the support section is arranged at an angle and is connected to the connection points of the frame beams and frame columns, and the avoidance section is connected to the connection points of the diagonally opposite frame beams and frame columns, and the avoidance section is installed on the vulnerable section to avoid openings within the square frame.

[0011] Optionally, the outer end of the durable section is connected to one of the frame columns, the outer end of the vulnerable section is connected to another frame column, and the inner end of the durable section and the inner end of the vulnerable section are rotatably connected by a pin.

[0012] Optionally, the length of the avoidance section S1 = L1 - Where L1 is the length of the frame beam between the two frame columns, L2 is the distance from the inner edge of the opening to the frame column on the side of the opening, H2 is the length of the frame column between the two frame beams, and H1 is the distance from the upper edge of the opening to the frame beam on the lower side.

[0013] Optionally, the cross-sectional dimensions or member thickness of the frame column are such that the bearing capacity of the frame column is 1.1 to 1.3 times higher than that of the vulnerable section.

[0014] Optionally, the central support frame structure also includes a diagonal brace, one end of which is hinged to the middle of the support section, and the other end of which is hinged to the connection point between the durable section and the frame column.

[0015] Optionally, the diagonal brace is an H-beam steel strut, a box-shaped steel strut, or a round tube steel strut.

[0016] Optionally, the frame beam is an H-beam or a box beam.

[0017] Optionally, the frame column is an H-shaped steel column, a box-shaped steel column, a steel-concrete composite column, a steel-concrete composite column, or a steel-concrete composite column with steel confinement.

[0018] Optionally, the support section is an H-beam steel strut.

[0019] Optionally, the opening may be a door or window opening or a pre-reserved opening for building or equipment.

[0020] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this utility model have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0021] 1. In the central support frame structure of this utility model, two parallel frame beams and two parallel frame columns form a square frame, creating a stable foundation load-bearing system. One frame beam comprises a durable section and a vulnerable section connected by hinges, allowing relative rotation under load. The central support section is inclined and connects the connection points of the frame beams and frame columns, effectively transmitting axial force to resist horizontal loads. The avoidance section connects the diagonal frame beams and frame columns and is installed on the vulnerable section, precisely avoiding openings within the square frame. This structure solves the problem of the traditional central support's inclined support section obstructing door and window openings and traffic flow. The avoidance section avoids conflicts with openings. The hinged connection between the durable and vulnerable sections, combined with the central support section, can transmit stiffness under wind and minor earthquake loads, ensuring structural deformation remains within a reasonable range. Simultaneously, the presence of the vulnerable section facilitates repair after a major earthquake; only the vulnerable section needs replacement, eliminating the need to replace the entire component, thus solving the problem of difficult repair after damage to traditional central supports.

[0022] 2. This utility model overcomes the disadvantages of obliquely arranged support sections that obstruct traffic flow and door and window arrangements, block the entrances or exits of main horizontal evacuation doors, force traffic flow to detour, and reduce traffic efficiency.

[0023] 3. This utility model avoids the disadvantages of obliquely arranged support sections conflicting with equipment pipelines, occupying pipeline space, and squeezing the layout space of equipment pipelines.

[0024] 4. This utility model prevents in-plane buckling of the central support by using diagonal braces; simultaneously, the strong axis of the central support is located out of plane, enhancing the stability and load-bearing capacity of the central support segment in the plane. When seismic loads occur, the diagonal braces can enhance the overall stiffness of the steel structure, preventing shear failure of the steel structure at different floors.

[0025] 5. This utility model protects the frame columns and durable sections when seismic loads arrive by ensuring that the vulnerable sections fail before the frame columns and durable sections fail. This allows for rapid repair after the earthquake, avoiding large-scale repair costs and ensuring that the structure can be quickly repaired and used after a major earthquake.

[0026] 6. During seismic loads, it prevents buckling damage to the central support and transfers the axial force of the central support to the vulnerable section, using the vulnerable section to dissipate seismic energy. After an earthquake, it facilitates the repair of structural components damaged by seismic loads, ensuring that the structure can be easily repaired and reused even if it does not collapse under a major earthquake, which is of great significance.

[0027] Additional advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. Furthermore, the spacing or dimensions between components are exaggerated to show their positions; the schematic diagrams are for illustrative purposes only.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing central support frame structure;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the central support frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vulnerable section, the avoidance section, and the cross-section provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Durability section; 2. Frame column; 3. Support section; 4. Clearance section; 5. Connection part; 6. Opening; 7. Vulnerable section; 8. Pin; 9. Frame beam; 10. Diagonal brace; Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a traditional centrally supported frame is formed by connecting the nodes of the frame beam 9 and the frame column 2 with diagonal members to form a geometrically stable truss system. The axial force of the diagonal members 10 is used to efficiently transfer the horizontal load and significantly reduce the lateral displacement of the structure. However, this structure still has many technical problems. In order to solve the problems of the existing centrally supported frame, this embodiment proposes a centrally supported frame structure that avoids the opening 6 and is easy to repair.

[0035] like Figure 2As shown, a central support frame structure that avoids opening 6 and is easy to repair includes frame beams 9, frame columns 2, and a central support. Two parallel frame beams 9 and two parallel frame columns 2 form a square frame. One frame beam 9 includes a durable section 1 and a vulnerable section 7, which are hinged together. The central support includes a support section 3 and a avoidance section 4, which are connected by a bent connecting part 5. The support section 3 is arranged at an angle and is connected to the connection point of the frame beam 9 and the frame column 2. The avoidance section 4 is connected to the connection point of the diagonally opposite frame beam 9 and the frame column 2, and is installed on the vulnerable section 7 to avoid opening 6 within the square frame.

[0036] By connecting the central support section 3 to the connection points of the frame beam 9 and the frame column 2, a stable geometry is formed, thereby ensuring that the structure has high stiffness when bearing wind loads and minor earthquake loads. It can effectively transfer the load to adjacent spans, limit the deformation of the structure, and ensure the stability and safety of the building structure in daily use and under minor earthquake conditions.

[0037] The avoidance section 4 allows the central support to avoid the opening 6 within the square frame, thus avoiding the obstruction to traffic flow and door and window layout caused by the traditional diagonal arrangement of the central support. This ensures the rational use of the building's interior space and normal passage for personnel, while also reducing conflicts with equipment pipelines, providing more spacious space for the arrangement of equipment pipelines, and reducing construction difficulty and cost.

[0038] The hinged connection between vulnerable section 7 and durable section 1 allows the structure to dissipate seismic energy through the deformation of vulnerable section 7 under strong earthquake loads. Since the strength of vulnerable section 7 is lower than that of frame column 2, it will be damaged before frame column 2 and durable section 1. After the earthquake, the steel frame can be quickly repaired by simply replacing vulnerable section 7, enabling the building to be quickly restored to use after earthquake damage, reducing the overall repair cost and time, and improving the seismic performance and repairability of the building structure.

[0039] The outer end of the durable section 1 is connected to one of the frame columns 2, and the outer end of the vulnerable section 7 is connected to another frame column 2, ensuring the overall stress stability of the frame beam 9. The inner end of the durable section 1 and the inner end of the vulnerable section 7 are rotatably connected by a pin 8, which provides a fulcrum for the relative rotation of the two.

[0040] The pin 8 connection ensures the overall stiffness of the frame beam 9 under service loads while allowing relative rotation between the durable section 1 and the vulnerable section 7 under seismic loads. During a major earthquake, this rotational characteristic causes the bending deformation of the vulnerable section 7 to be greater than that of the durable section 1, ensuring that the vulnerable section 7 enters an energy-dissipating state first. This protects the frame column 2 and the durable section 1 from damage, realizing the concept of sacrificing the vulnerable section 7 to protect the main components. This synergizes with the function of the vulnerable section 7, improving the seismic safety of the structure and the ease of post-earthquake repair. It should be noted that the pin 8 must have sufficient strength to prevent damage under service loads.

[0041] The length of the avoidance section 4 is S1=L1- Where L1 is the length of the frame beam 9 between the two frame columns 2, reflecting the lateral span of the frame; L2 is the distance from the inner edge of the opening 6 to the side frame column 2 of the opening 6, reflecting the lateral position of the opening 6; H2 is the length of the frame column 2 between the two frame beams 9, i.e., the vertical height of the frame; and H1 is the distance from the upper edge of the opening 6 to the bottom frame beam 9, reflecting the vertical position of the opening 6.

[0042] Based on the actual location of the opening 6 and the dimensions of the frame, the required length of the avoidance section 4 is precisely calculated to ensure that the avoidance section 4 can just avoid the opening 6. It will not conflict with the opening 6 due to being too short, nor will it waste materials or affect the structural stress due to being too long. This ensures that the avoidance section 4 can meet the avoidance function while guaranteeing the overall stress performance of the central support.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the avoidance section 4 adopts a structural form with additional steel plates and stiffening ribs. The nodal bearing capacity of the avoidance section 4 should be determined by finite element analysis software or beam bending and shear bearing capacity calculation based on the compressive or tensile bearing capacity of the support section 3.

[0044] The cross-sectional dimensions or member thickness of frame column 2 ensure that its load-bearing capacity is 1.1 to 1.3 times higher than that of vulnerable section 7. Under strong earthquake loads, due to the higher load-bearing capacity of frame column 2, vulnerable section 7 will fail before frame column 2, thus concentrating seismic energy for dissipation in vulnerable section 7 and preventing damage to frame column 2. As the main load-bearing component of the structure, the integrity of frame column 2 directly affects the stability of the overall structure. Ensuring that the structure will not collapse due to damage to frame column 2 during a strong earthquake, and working in conjunction with the energy dissipation function of vulnerable section 7, ensures structural safety and provides a clear replacement target for post-earthquake repair.

[0045] Preferably, the cross-sectional dimensions or member thickness of frame column 2 are increased through calculation to make its bearing capacity 1.2 times higher than that of vulnerable section 7. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0046] γ x (Column)·WNX (column) > 1.2·γ x (Vulnerable section)·W NX (Vulnerable segment), where γ x W represents the safety factor. NX This indicates the net cross-sectional bearing capacity of frame column 2.

[0047] The central support frame structure also includes a diagonal brace 10. One end of the diagonal brace 10 is hinged to the middle of the support section 3, and the other end of the diagonal brace 10 is hinged to the connection point between the durable section 1 and the frame column 2, forming an auxiliary force path from the support section 3 to the frame column 2.

[0048] The installation of diagonal brace 10 effectively reduces the calculated length of support segment 3. Under moderate earthquake loads, the shortened calculated length enhances the stability and bearing capacity of support segment 3, preventing in-plane buckling and thus increasing the overall structural stiffness and preventing floor shear failure. Simultaneously, the hinged connection between diagonal brace 10 and support segment 3, durable segment 1, and frame column 2 ensures that it does not generate additional bending moments during force transmission, bearing only axial forces. This matches the axial force characteristics of support segment 3, improving the lateral stiffness and seismic performance of the structure.

[0049] The diagonal brace 10 can be made of H-beams, box-sections, or circular tubes. H-beams have excellent cross-sectional properties, making them suitable for bearing axial forces and certain bending moments; box-sections have good overall integrity and strong torsional resistance; circular tubes distribute stress evenly and have high stability under axial loads. The brace 10 can be adapted to the actual engineering requirements and space constraints to ensure it effectively enhances the stability of the support section 3, matching its functional requirements and ensuring reliable operation under various working conditions. The cross-sectional dimensions of the diagonal brace 10 can be much smaller than those of the support section 3, only needing to ensure that the central support section 3 does not buckle in the plane.

[0050] The frame beam 9 can be either an H-beam or a box-beam. These two types of steel beams can meet the requirements of the frame beam 9 in bearing vertical and horizontal loads. When working together with the frame column 2 and the central support, they can effectively transfer loads and ensure the overall rigidity of the square frame. The processing and installation technology of H-beams and box-beams is mature, suitable for factory production and on-site assembly, and compatible with the industrialized construction requirements of the structure, ensuring that the frame beam 9 can maintain a stable stress state under various loads.

[0051] The frame columns 2 can be H-shaped steel columns, box-shaped steel columns, steel-concrete composite columns, steel-concrete composite columns, or steel-contained steel-concrete composite columns. These various types of frame columns 2 can adapt to different building heights, load sizes, and usage scenarios, providing solid vertical support for the entire frame structure. Together with the frame beams 9 and the central bracing, they resist horizontal and vertical loads.

[0052] The support section 3 can be constructed using H-shaped steel struts, with its weak axis positioned in the plane. Diagonal braces 10 enhance the stability and load-bearing capacity of the support section 3, while its strong axis is positioned out of the plane. The diagonal braces 10 further enhance the load-bearing capacity and structural stiffness of the central support. The compressive load-bearing capacity of the support section 3 should be calculated and determined according to the compressive load-bearing capacity of the diagonal braces 10 in the "Technical Specification for Steel Structures of High-Rise Civil Buildings".

[0053] The opening 6 can be a door or window opening 6 or a reserved opening for building or equipment. The door or window opening 6 is a necessary facility for building lighting, ventilation and personnel passage. The reserved opening for building or equipment is used for pipeline layout, equipment installation, etc. The opening 6 is determined by the architectural or equipment professional conditions.

[0054] Working principle:

[0055] Under wind load and minor earthquake load, vulnerable section 7 and central support section 3 transfer stiffness to adjacent spans, thereby ensuring that the steel structure does not undergo excessive deformation under wind load and minor earthquake load.

[0056] Under moderate earthquake load, the diagonal brace 10 can effectively reduce the calculated length of the support segment 3, thereby effectively increasing the stiffness of the structure and preventing the structure from undergoing floor shear failure under moderate earthquake load.

[0057] Under a strong earthquake load, the seismic load is transferred to the vulnerable section 7 through the support section 3. Since the deformation (vertical displacement) of the vulnerable section 7 and the durable section 1 at the pin 8 position is consistent, but the length of the vulnerable section 7 is shorter than that of the durable section 1, the bending deformation at the connection between the vulnerable section 7 and the frame column 2 is greater than that at the connection between the durable section 1 and the frame column 2. Therefore, the vulnerable section 7 can enter the energy dissipation state before the durable section 1, dissipating seismic energy. Simultaneously, since the bearing capacity of the frame column 2 is higher than that of the vulnerable section 7, under a strong earthquake load, the vulnerable section 7 can fail before the frame column 2.

[0058] After a major earthquake, the steel structure frame can be quickly repaired by rapidly replacing the vulnerable section 7, enabling it to be put back into use quickly after a simple repair, thus reducing building damage.

[0059] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair, characterized in that, include: Frame beams, frame columns, and central bracing; Two parallel frame beams and two parallel frame columns form a square frame, wherein one frame beam includes a durable section and a vulnerable section, which are hinged together. The central support includes a support section and a clearance section. The support section is arranged at an angle and is connected to the connection points of the frame beams and frame columns. The clearance section is connected to the connection points of the diagonally opposite frame beams and frame columns, and is installed on the vulnerable section to avoid openings in the square frame.

2. The central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer end of the durable section is connected to one of the frame columns, the outer end of the vulnerable section is connected to another frame column, and the inner end of the durable section and the inner end of the vulnerable section are rotatably connected by a pin.

3. The central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the avoidance section is S1=L1- Where L1 is the length of the frame beam between the two frame columns, L2 is the distance from the inner edge of the opening to the frame column on the side of the opening, H2 is the length of the frame column between the two frame beams, and H1 is the distance from the upper edge of the opening to the frame beam on the lower side.

4. The central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional dimensions or member thickness of the frame column make the bearing capacity of the frame column 1.1 to 1.3 times higher than that of the vulnerable section.

5. The central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The central support frame structure also includes a diagonal brace, one end of which is hinged to the middle of the support section, and the other end of which is hinged to the connection point between the durable section and the frame column.

6. The central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The diagonal bracing is an H-shaped steel strut, a box-shaped steel strut, or a round tube steel strut.

7. The central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frame beams are H-beams or box beams.

8. The central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frame columns are H-shaped steel columns, box-shaped steel columns, steel-concrete composite columns, steel-concrete composite columns, or steel-contained steel-concrete composite columns.

9. The central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support section is an H-shaped steel strut.

10. The central support frame structure that avoids openings and is easy to repair as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The opening is a door or window opening or a reserved opening for building or equipment.

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