Multi-dimensional servo variable stiffness vertical column type tensile device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder type tensile devices, including vertical cylinder mechanism, first hinged pull rod assembly, second hinged pull rod assembly, buffer reset mechanism, the cavity is formed inside vertical cylinder mechanism and vertical cylinder mechanism is relatively arranged first panel, second panel with corresponding first through-hole of arrangement are equipped;The first hinged pull rod assembly one end is inserted into cavity through the first through-hole of vertical cylinder mechanism first panel and with cavity sliding fit;Second hinged pull rod assembly is inserted into cavity through the first through-hole of vertical cylinder mechanism second panel and with vertical cylinder mechanism second panel fixed;The first hinged pull rod assembly one end inserted into cavity is equipped with upper end plate;Buffer reset mechanism is arranged in cavity and is supported by upper end plate;When the first hinged pull rod assembly occurs axis direction displacement relative to vertical cylinder mechanism, the first hinged pull rod assembly drives buffer reset mechanism to occur displacement.The tensile device of the utility model has the characteristics of convenient installation and excellent tensile performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device, which belongs to the field of engineering seismic technology. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic isolation technology refers to extending the natural vibration period of a structure by installing seismic isolation devices at the bottom or middle floors, thereby weakening the seismic energy transmitted from the foundation to the upper structure, and thus more effectively protecting the building structure and indoor equipment.

[0003] Currently used seismic isolation devices, such as laminated rubber seismic isolation bearings and friction pendulum seismic isolation bearings, all suffer from insufficient tensile strength, making it impossible to prevent structural overturning failure. Therefore, a tensile isolation system has been designed to improve commonly used seismic isolation bearings. In practical engineering, vertically constrained reinforced tensile isolation systems are often used. These systems connect the tensile device and the seismic isolation bearing in parallel to share the tensile force of the bearing. Since the tensile stiffness of the tensile device is much greater than that of the seismic isolation bearing, when the bearing undergoes tensile deformation, the tensile device will bear the majority of the tensile force. However, vertically constrained reinforced tensile bearings cannot decouple the vertical tensile structure from horizontal deformation, which can affect the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the bearing when under tension. Furthermore, the bearing structure is complex, requiring ample installation space, resulting in excessively large bearing areas and increased construction costs.

[0004] In view of the above, this utility model is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device that is easy to install and has excellent tensile performance.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is:

[0007] This utility model provides a multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device, including:

[0008] A vertical cylinder mechanism, wherein a cavity is formed inside the vertical cylinder mechanism and the vertical cylinder mechanism has a first panel and a second panel arranged opposite to each other, and the second panel has a correspondingly arranged first through hole;

[0009] A hinged rod mechanism includes a first hinged rod assembly and a second hinged rod assembly; one end of the first hinged rod assembly extends into the cavity through a first through hole in the first panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism and slides within the cavity; the second hinged rod assembly extends into the cavity through a first through hole in the second panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism and is fixed to the second panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism; one end of the first hinged rod assembly extending into the cavity is provided with an upper end plate 10;

[0010] A buffer reset mechanism is arranged inside the cavity and supported by the upper end plate 10.

[0011] Wherein, an initial gap is reserved between the end face of the buffer reset mechanism near the first panel and the inner side of the first panel; when the first hinged rod assembly moves relative to the vertical cylinder mechanism in the axial direction, the first hinged rod assembly drives the buffer reset mechanism to move.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical cylinder mechanism includes an upper sleeve 5 and a lower sleeve 7. The upper sleeve 5 is a cylindrical structure with one open end and the closed end opposite the open end is a first panel. The lower sleeve 7 is a cylindrical structure with one open end and the closed end opposite the open end is a second panel. The open end of the upper sleeve 5 extends into the lower sleeve 7 from the open end of the lower sleeve 7, and the two are detachably connected.

[0013] Furthermore, the vertical cylinder mechanism also includes a guide and reinforcement component, which is installed on the first panel of the upper sleeve 5 at an end face away from the lower sleeve 7, and / or installed on the second panel of the lower sleeve 7 at an end face away from the upper sleeve 5.

[0014] Furthermore, the guide and reinforcement assembly includes a sleeve 3 and a stiffening rib 4; the sleeve 3 is provided with a central through hole that communicates with the first through hole; one end of the sleeve 3 is vertically installed on the end face of the first panel of the upper sleeve 5 away from the lower sleeve 7, and / or, is vertically installed on the end face of the second panel of the lower sleeve 7 away from the upper sleeve 5; a stiffening rib 4 is provided between the outer periphery of the sleeve 3 and the vertical cylinder mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the first hinged pull rod assembly includes an upper pull rod 2 and a first ball joint 1; one end of the upper pull rod 2 extends into the cavity from the first through hole of the first panel, and the upper end plate 10 provided at the end of the upper pull rod 2 extending into the cavity is adapted to the shape and size of the cavity of the vertical cylinder mechanism; the end of the upper pull rod 2 extending out of the cavity is provided with a first ball joint 1.

[0016] Furthermore, the second hinged pull rod assembly includes a pull rod 8 and a second ball joint 1; one end of the pull rod 8 extends into the cavity through the first through hole of the second panel, and the lower end plate 11 provided at the end of the pull rod 8 extending into the cavity is fixedly connected to the panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism; the second ball joint 1 is provided at the end of the pull rod 8 extending out of the cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, the buffer reset mechanism includes one or more sets of disc springs 9.

[0018] Furthermore, a set of disc springs 9 may be composed of multiple disc springs arranged in a stacked manner or a single disc spring; if there are multiple sets, any two adjacent sets of disc springs 9 may be arranged in a counter-arranged manner.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] First, the multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylindrical anti-tensile device provided by this utility model achieves superior tensile performance through the synergistic effect of the hinged tie rod mechanism and the buffer reset mechanism. Its core working mechanism includes two key features: First, the hinged design at the ends of the upper and lower tie rods endows the device with multi-dimensional follow-up capability, enabling it to adapt to the multi-directional displacement of the seismic isolation bearing and generate complex deformations. Second, the reserved gap between the disc spring assembly and the first panel of the upper sleeve, the nonlinear stiffness of the disc spring assembly itself, the frictional effect between the conical surfaces, and the follow-up change of the angle between the anti-tensile device and the ground form the unique variable stiffness mechanism of this utility model. When the horizontal displacement of the bearing increases, the anti-tensile device, through changes in its geometric configuration, the nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the disc spring assembly itself, and the energy dissipation due to friction between the conical surfaces, causes an increase in the horizontal component of the axial stiffness of the disc spring assembly, effectively limiting the maximum horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing. The initial clearance between the disc spring assembly and the upper sleeve panel ensures that the tensile device does not affect the original horizontal isolation performance of the seismic isolation bearing under minor and medium earthquakes, solving the problem that traditional tensile devices reduce horizontal isolation efficiency while increasing the tensile strength of the seismic isolation device. Under major earthquakes, the tensile device utilizes the compression deformation of the disc spring assembly to adapt to the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing and share the vertical tensile force generated at the bearing, limiting the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing and providing horizontal restoring force for the bearing's repositioning. This design effectively solves the problems of reduced isolation efficiency and impact effect of the reserved clearance in traditional tensile devices, achieving a dynamic balance between tensile performance and seismic isolation effectiveness through a stiffness adaptive adjustment mechanism.

[0021] Secondly, the multi-dimensional adaptive variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device provided by this utility model has a simple and compact structure, facilitating installation and industrialization. It adopts a modular design concept and standardized processing technology. Regarding material selection, except for the core component which uses a high-performance disc spring assembly, all other components are made of ordinary steel, effectively reducing manufacturing costs. The tensile device uses high-strength bolts to connect the upper and lower sleeves into a unified whole. This design not only ensures the integrity of the structure but also facilitates the maintenance and replacement of key components, thus significantly reducing maintenance costs throughout its life cycle. The core component of the tensile device, the disc spring assembly, has significant technical advantages: it is compact, has high load-bearing capacity, and stable and reliable performance. Furthermore, the conical friction and edge friction between the disc springs give the tensile device unique energy dissipation characteristics, enabling it to effectively dissipate energy under seismic loads. Based on these characteristics, this tensile device possesses comprehensive advantages such as excellent tensile performance stability, structural simplicity, compact space, and economic practicality, and has broad engineering application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the multidimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a left-side schematic diagram of the multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of multiple disc spring assemblies on an equiaxed axis;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of multiple disc spring assemblies;

[0028] Figure 7 Stress cloud diagrams for all components of a tensile testing device with a load-bearing capacity of 100t;

[0029] Figure 8 Stress cloud diagrams for all components except disc spring assembly in a 100t tensile testing device;

[0030] Figure 9 The test and simulated values ​​are for the load-displacement curves of a single disc spring;

[0031] Figure 10 The test and simulated values ​​are for the load-displacement curves of the tension device without disc springs;

[0032] Figure 11 Test and simulated values ​​of load-displacement curves for a single disc spring and a three-group mating disc spring tensioning device;

[0033] Figure 12 Test and simulated values ​​of load-displacement curves for a tensile device consisting of two stacked disc springs and two sets of mating disc springs;

[0034] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 1-ball joint, 2-upper tie rod, 3-sleeve, 4-stiffening rib, 5-upper sleeve, 6-high-strength bolt, 7-lower sleeve, 8-lower tie rod, 9-disc spring assembly, 10-upper end plate, 11-lower end plate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0036] Example 1: As Figures 1-12 As shown, a multidimensional dynamic variable stiffness vertical cylindrical tensile device includes:

[0037] A vertical cylinder mechanism, wherein a cavity is formed inside the vertical cylinder mechanism and the vertical cylinder mechanism has a first panel and a second panel arranged opposite to each other, and the second panel has a correspondingly arranged first through hole;

[0038] A hinged rod mechanism includes a first hinged rod assembly and a second hinged rod assembly; one end of the first hinged rod assembly extends into the cavity through a first through hole in the first panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism and slides within the cavity; the second hinged rod assembly extends into the cavity through a first through hole in the second panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism and is fixed to the second panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism; one end of the first hinged rod assembly extending into the cavity is provided with an upper end plate 10;

[0039] A buffer reset mechanism is arranged inside the cavity and supported by the upper end plate 10.

[0040] Wherein, an initial gap is reserved between the end face of the buffer reset mechanism near the first panel and the inner side of the first panel; when the first hinged rod assembly moves relative to the vertical cylinder mechanism in the axial direction, the first hinged rod assembly drives the buffer reset mechanism to move.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the vertical cylinder mechanism includes an upper sleeve 5 and a lower sleeve 7. The upper sleeve 5 is a cylindrical structure with one open end, and the closed end opposite the open end is a first panel. The lower sleeve 7 is a cylindrical structure with one open end, and the closed end opposite the open end is a second panel. The open end of the upper sleeve 5 extends into the lower sleeve 7 from the open end of the lower sleeve 7, and the two are detachably connected.

[0042] For example, both the upper sleeve 5 and the lower sleeve 7 are cylindrical structures with one open end, each specifically including: a cylindrical body with open ends and a panel installed on one side of the cylindrical body (the panel of the upper sleeve 5 serves as the first panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism, and the panel of the lower sleeve 7 serves as the second panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism); one open end of the upper sleeve 5 extends into one open end of the lower sleeve 7, so that the inner side surface of the upper sleeve 5 and the lower sleeve 7 and the top surface of the second panel are in a first state of mutual contact; when the inner side surface of the upper sleeve 5 and the lower sleeve 7 and the top surface of the second panel are in the first state, the open ends of the upper sleeve 5 and the lower sleeve 7 are connected by high-strength bolts 6.

[0043] Furthermore, the vertical cylinder mechanism also includes a guide and reinforcement component, which is installed on the first panel of the upper sleeve 5 at an end face away from the lower sleeve 7, and / or installed on the second panel of the lower sleeve 7 at an end face away from the upper sleeve 5.

[0044] Furthermore, the guide and reinforcement assembly includes a sleeve 3 and a stiffening rib 4; the sleeve 3 is provided with a central through hole and is arranged in communication with the through hole; one end of the sleeve 3 is vertically installed on the end face of the first panel of the upper sleeve 5 away from the lower sleeve 7, and / or, is vertically installed on the end face of the second panel of the lower sleeve 7 away from the upper sleeve 5; a stiffening rib 4 is provided between the outer periphery of the sleeve 3 and the vertical cylinder mechanism.

[0045] For example, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the first panel of the upper sleeve 5 and the end face of the lower sleeve 7 away from the first panel are both provided with guide and reinforcement components. That is, the first panel and the second panel are reinforced by welding a sleeve and eight stiffening ribs on opposite sides to solve the stress concentration problem of the first and second panels and to prevent excessive deformation from affecting the overall mechanical performance of the device.

[0046] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the enclosed space formed by the upper sleeve 5 and the lower sleeve 7 provides a good guiding effect for the buffer reset mechanism, thereby ensuring the stability of the device's mechanical performance. High-strength bolts 6 connect the upper sleeve 5 and the lower sleeve 7 together to form a whole, facilitating the maintenance and replacement of components within the device. Both the first panel of the upper sleeve and the second panel of the lower sleeve are reinforced by welding a sleeve and eight stiffening ribs to address stress concentration issues in the first and second panels and prevent excessive deformation from affecting the overall mechanical performance of the device. Simultaneously, the sleeve 3 restricts the radial displacement of the tie rod, ensuring that its force direction remains consistent with the central axis of the device, thereby maintaining the tensile stability and load-bearing efficiency of the device.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the first hinged pull rod assembly includes an upper pull rod 2 and a first ball joint 1; one end of the upper pull rod 2 extends into the cavity through the through hole of the first panel, and the upper end plate 10 provided at the end of the upper pull rod 2 extending into the cavity is adapted to the shape and size of the cavity of the vertical cylinder mechanism; the end of the upper pull rod 2 extending out of the cavity is provided with the first ball joint 1.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the second hinged rod assembly includes a pull rod 8 and a second ball joint 1; one end of the pull rod 8 extends into the cavity through the through hole of the second panel, and the lower end plate 11 provided at the end of the pull rod 8 extending into the cavity is fixedly connected to the panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism; the second ball joint 1 is provided at the end of the pull rod 8 extending out of the cavity.

[0049] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the upper pull rod 2 passes through the first panel of the upper sleeve 5 and the sleeve 3, and is then hinged to the upper structure via the first ball joint 1, transmitting the vertical tension generated by the upper structure at the support to the entire device. The upper end plate 10 is fixed to the end of the upper pull rod 2, providing stable support conditions for the disc spring assembly 9. The lower end plate 11 is welded to the second panel of the lower sleeve 7 to support the weight of the device itself. The lower pull rod 8 is fixed to the lower end plate 11, and passes through the second panel of the lower sleeve 7 and the sleeve 3, and is then hinged to the foundation via the second ball joint 1, transmitting the vertical tension generated by the upper structure at the support to the foundation.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figures 4-6 As shown, the buffer reset mechanism includes one or more sets of disc spring groups 9; one set of disc spring groups 9 is composed of multiple disc springs arranged in a stacked manner or a single disc spring; if there are multiple sets, any two adjacent sets of disc spring groups 9 are arranged in a counter-arranged manner.

[0051] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the buffer reset mechanism is composed of stacked and mating disc spring groups 9. The disc spring groups are stacked between the upper end plate 10 and the first panel of the upper sleeve, and an initial gap is reserved between the disc spring groups and the inner side of the first panel of the upper sleeve. The reserved initial gap enables the device to achieve the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the support without affecting it under small and medium earthquakes. Under large earthquakes, when the device is subjected to tensile force, it can use the compression deformation of the disc springs to adapt to the horizontal displacement of the support and play a buffering and energy absorption role, limiting the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation layer, and at the same time providing horizontal restoring force for the reset of the seismic isolation layer.

[0052] By using the multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylindrical tensile device provided by this utility model in parallel with the seismic isolation bearing, a vertically constrained and reinforced tensile seismic isolation system is constructed and installed in the seismic isolation layer of the building structure. The multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylindrical tensile device provided by this utility model achieves superior tensile performance through the synergistic effect of the hinged tie rod mechanism and the buffer reset mechanism. Its core working mechanism includes two key features: First, the upper and lower tie rod ends are connected by ball joints to give the device multi-dimensional follow-up capability, enabling the tensile device to adapt to the multi-directional displacement of the seismic isolation bearing and generate complex deformations. Second, the reserved gap between the disc spring group and the panel of the upper sleeve 5, the nonlinear stiffness of the disc spring group itself, the friction effect between the conical surfaces of the disc spring group, and the follow-up change of the angle between the tensile device and the ground (foundation) form the unique variable stiffness mechanism of this utility model device. When the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing increases, the tensile device, through changes in its geometric configuration, the nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the disc spring assembly itself, and the energy dissipation due to friction between the conical surfaces, increases the horizontal component of the axial stiffness of the disc spring assembly, effectively limiting the maximum horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing. The initial reserved gap between the disc spring assembly and the panel of the upper sleeve 5 ensures that the tensile device does not affect the original horizontal seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation bearing under small to medium earthquakes, solving the problem that traditional tensile devices reduce horizontal seismic isolation efficiency while increasing the tensile capacity of the seismic isolation device. Under large earthquakes, the tensile device utilizes the compression deformation of the disc spring assembly to adapt to the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing and share the vertical tensile force generated at the bearing, limiting the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing, while providing horizontal restoring force for the repositioning of the seismic isolation bearing. This design effectively solves the problems of reduced seismic isolation efficiency and impact effect of reserved gaps in traditional tensile devices, achieving a dynamic balance between tensile performance and seismic isolation effectiveness through a stiffness adaptive adjustment mechanism. Based on the working principle of this device, its working state can be divided into the following stages:

[0053] Phase 1: The tensile device has an initial gap between the disc spring assembly and the panel of the upper sleeve 5 (i.e., the minimum vertical distance between the end face of the buffer reset mechanism near the first panel and the inner side of the first panel is greater than 0). When the horizontal excitation is small (such as strong winds or small to medium earthquakes, which are designed for earthquakes or frequent earthquakes), the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing is small, and at the same time, the axial elongation of the tensile device is less than the initial gap, thus making the tensile device in a non-working state (the non-working state means that the disc spring assembly in the buffer reset mechanism is in a non-compressed state), providing less horizontal stiffness. At this time, the presence of the tensile device does not affect the horizontal seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation bearing.

[0054] The second stage: With the increase of horizontal excitation (such as a strong earthquake or a major earthquake, i.e., a rare earthquake), the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing increases significantly. When the displacement reaches a certain threshold, the axial elongation of the tensile device exceeds the reserved initial gap, causing the disc spring assembly to contact the panel of the upper sleeve and begin to compress and deform, thus putting the device into working condition. At this time, the tensile device can not only share the vertical tensile force at the seismic isolation bearing, but also effectively limit the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing. When the axial elongation of the tensile device reaches the sum of the reserved initial gap and the maximum compressive deformation of the disc spring assembly, its axial tensile stiffness increases sharply, enabling it to share the vertical tensile force at the seismic isolation bearing to a greater extent. It also provides greater horizontal stiffness, suppressing further increases in the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing and preventing the overall overturning of the superstructure.

[0055] Phase Three: As the horizontal excitation ceases, the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation bearing gradually decreases, and the axial elongation of the device also decreases accordingly. Under the combined action of the shear deformation restoring force of the seismic isolation bearing and the horizontal restoring force provided by the device, the seismic isolation bearing begins to return to its initial position. When the axial elongation of the tensile device is less than the reserved initial gap, the tensile device stops working.

[0056] This utility model provides a design method for a multi-dimensional, follow-up, variable stiffness vertical cylindrical tensile device, including:

[0057] S1. Determine the material, geometric dimensions, and performance parameters of the disc spring used in the buffer reset mechanism of the multidimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device;

[0058] S2. Determine the material, geometric dimensions, and performance parameters of each component in the multidimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device, except for the disc spring;

[0059] S3. Based on S1 and S2, perform a preset bearing capacity test on the multi-dimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device with the preset configuration;

[0060] S4. Determine the initial gap, tensile stiffness, ultimate compressive deformation of the disc spring assembly, and axial load borne by the tensile device for the seismic isolation layer of the target frame structure through finite element analysis; determine the combination method of the disc springs based on the finite element analysis results.

[0061] The above design method can be used to determine the combination of disc springs.

[0062] The design of the tensile device will be further explained below based on experimental research and finite element analysis. This utility model designs a tensile device with a bearing capacity of 100t. The disc spring assembly consists of a single disc spring with an inner diameter of 162mm, an outer diameter of 315mm, a thickness of 18mm, and a limiting compressive deformation of 7mm. The elastic modulus of a single disc spring is E = 2.06 × 10⁻⁶. 5 MPa, Poisson's ratio μ=0.3, yield strength 1600MPa, disc spring material is 50CrVA. The following is a calculation example using a 3×5 span, 11-story reinforced concrete frame structure. Through experimental testing, mechanical modeling, and parameter optimization, the key design parameters of the tensile device required for the seismic isolation layer of this frame structure are finally determined. Details are as follows:

[0063] 1. Determine the geometric dimensions of all components except the disc spring assembly based on the design bearing capacity and strength verification formula of the tensile device. All components except the disc spring assembly are made of 45# steel with an elastic modulus E = 2.06 × 10⁻⁶. 5 MPa, Poisson's ratio μ=0.3, material yield strength ≥355MPa, tensile strength >600MPa. The upper tie rod has a diameter of 100mm and a length of 507mm; the upper end plate has a diameter of 320mm and a thickness of 50mm; the upper sleeve has an inner diameter of 320mm, an outer diameter of 360mm, and a height of 462mm; the first panel of the upper sleeve has an inner diameter of 100mm, an outer diameter of 320mm, and a thickness of 30mm; the lower sleeve has an inner diameter of 360mm, an outer diameter of 400mm, and a height of 172mm; the second panel of the lower sleeve has an inner diameter of 100mm, an outer diameter of 360mm, and a thickness of 30mm; the lower end... The plate has a diameter of 180mm and a thickness of 50mm; the pull rod has a diameter of 100mm and a length of 269mm; the sleeve has an inner diameter of 100mm, an outer diameter of 160mm, and a height of 100mm; the stiffening rib adopts an isosceles right-angled triangular cross section with a right-angled side length of 100mm and a thickness of 20mm; the high-strength bolts are M24 friction type connections with a performance grade of 10.9; the bolt holes are standard holes with a diameter of 26mm; the bolts are arranged in two rows along the circumference, with 10 bolts in each row and a center-to-center distance of approximately 106.8mm.

[0064] 2. Based on the geometric dimensions of all components except the disc spring assembly mentioned above, using two stacked disc springs as a group and two groups of mating disc springs, design the stress cloud diagrams of all components of the 100t tensile testing device as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the stress cloud diagrams for all components except the disc spring assembly are as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the figure, none of the components of the tensile device have reached the yield strength, which indicates that the load-bearing capacity of the tensile device using two or more stacked disc springs meets the design requirements.

[0065] 3. Determine the initial clearance d0 = 3mm and tensile stiffness K of the required tensile device for the seismic isolation layer of the frame structure through finite element analysis. Z =12t / mm, the ultimate compressive deformation Δ of the disc spring group is ≥18mm, and the tensile device can withstand an axial load of 204t. Based on the calculation formulas for the stiffness of combined disc springs and series springs in "Disc Springs" (GB / T 1972-2005), the tensile stiffness of the tensile device using three stacked disc springs as a group and three groups of coupled disc springs is 6t / mm, and the ultimate compressive deformation Δ of the disc spring group is 21mm. Therefore, the tensile stiffness of the tensile device using two parallel design load-bearing 100t three-piece stacked disc spring groups is 12t / mm, and the ultimate compressive deformation Δ of the disc spring group is 21mm, which meets the design parameter requirements determined by finite element analysis.

[0066] The basis for determining the equivalent tensile stiffness of other configurations of tensile devices, according to the calculation formulas for the stiffness of combined disc springs and series springs in the "Disc Springs" (GB / T 1972-2005) standard, is as follows: Mechanical performance tests and finite element analyses were conducted on tensile devices of different configurations. The specific analysis results are as follows: the experimental value of the equivalent stiffness of a single disc spring is 8.33 t / mm, and the simulated value is 8.84 t / mm (the experimental value is the result of actual product testing, and the simulated value is the result of finite element analysis). The basis for determining the equivalent stiffness is as follows: Figure 9 The experimental and simulated values ​​of the load-displacement curve of the single disc spring are determined; the experimental value of the equivalent stiffness of the tensile device without disc spring assembly is 22.4 t / mm, and the simulated value is 25.1 t / mm. Figure 10 As shown; the test results and finite element analysis results of the tensile testing devices for "a single disc spring as a group, three groups of mating disc springs" and "two disc springs stacked together as a group, two groups of mating disc springs" are as follows. Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the experimental value of the equivalent stiffness of the tensile device consisting of a single disc spring as a group and three groups of mating disc springs is 2.49 t / mm, and the simulated value is 2.68 t / mm; the experimental value of the equivalent stiffness of the tensile device consisting of two stacked disc springs as a group and two groups of mating disc springs is 5.88 t / mm, and the simulated value is 6.10 t / mm. The above analysis shows that the experimental results and finite element analysis results are mutually corroborated by the tensile device constructed in various forms. This indicates that the equivalent stiffness of tensile devices using other configurations can be derived using the equivalent stiffness of a single disc spring and the equivalent stiffness of a tensile device without disc springs.

[0067] This utility model provides a multi-dimensional, adaptive, variable stiffness vertical cylindrical tensile device with a simple and compact overall structure, facilitating installation and industrialization. It adopts a modular design concept and standardized processing technology. Regarding material selection, except for the core component which uses a high-performance disc spring assembly, all other components are made of ordinary steel, effectively reducing manufacturing costs. The device uses high-strength bolts to connect the upper and lower sleeves into a unified whole. This design not only ensures the integrity of the structure but also facilitates the maintenance and replacement of key components, significantly reducing maintenance costs throughout the device's lifespan. The core component, the disc spring assembly, has significant technical advantages: it is compact, has high load-bearing capacity, and exhibits stable and reliable performance. Furthermore, the conical friction and edge friction between the disc springs give the device unique energy dissipation characteristics, enabling it to effectively dissipate energy under seismic loads. Based on these characteristics, this device possesses comprehensive advantages such as excellent tensile performance stability, structural simplicity, compact space, and economic practicality, and has broad engineering application prospects.

[0068] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multidimensional, dynamic, variable stiffness vertical cylindrical tensile device, characterized in that, include: A vertical cylinder mechanism, wherein a cavity is formed inside the vertical cylinder mechanism and the vertical cylinder mechanism has a first panel and a second panel arranged opposite to each other, and the second panel has a correspondingly arranged first through hole; A hinged rod mechanism, comprising a first hinged rod assembly and a second hinged rod assembly; one end of the first hinged rod assembly extends into the cavity through a first through hole in the first panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism and slides into the cavity; the second hinged rod assembly extends into the cavity through a first through hole in the second panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism and is fixed to the second panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism; one end of the first hinged rod assembly extending into the cavity is provided with an upper end plate (10). A buffer reset mechanism is arranged in the cavity and supported by the upper end plate (10); Wherein, an initial gap is reserved between the end face of the buffer reset mechanism near the first panel and the inner side of the first panel; when the first hinged rod assembly moves relative to the vertical cylinder mechanism in the axial direction, the first hinged rod assembly drives the buffer reset mechanism to move.

2. The multidimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical cylinder mechanism includes an upper sleeve (5) and a lower sleeve (7). The upper sleeve (5) is a cylindrical structure with one end open and the closed end opposite to the open end is a first panel. The lower sleeve (7) is a cylindrical structure with one end open and the closed end opposite to the open end is a second panel. The open end of the upper sleeve (5) extends into the lower sleeve (7) from the open end of the lower sleeve (7) and the two are detachably connected.

3. The multidimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vertical cylinder mechanism further includes a guide and reinforcement component, which is installed on the first panel of the upper sleeve (5) at an end face away from the lower sleeve (7) and / or on the second panel of the lower sleeve (7) at an end face away from the upper sleeve (5).

4. The multidimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide and reinforcement assembly includes a sleeve (3) and stiffening ribs (4); the sleeve (3) is provided with a central through hole that communicates with the first through hole; one end of the sleeve (3) is vertically installed on the end face of the first panel of the upper sleeve (5) away from the lower sleeve (7), and / or, is vertically installed on the end face of the second panel of the lower sleeve (7) away from the upper sleeve (5); stiffening ribs (4) are provided between the outer periphery of the sleeve (3) and the vertical cylinder mechanism.

5. The multidimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first hinged rod assembly includes an upper pull rod (2) and a ball joint (1); one end of the upper pull rod (2) extends into the cavity from the first through hole of the first panel, and the upper end plate (10) provided at the end of the upper pull rod (2) extending into the cavity is adapted to the shape and size of the cavity of the vertical cylinder mechanism; the end of the upper pull rod (2) extending out of the cavity is provided with a ball joint (1).

6. The multidimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second hinged rod assembly includes a pull rod (8) and a ball joint (1); one end of the pull rod (8) extends into the cavity from the first through hole of the second panel, and the lower end plate (11) provided at the end of the pull rod (8) extending into the cavity is fixedly connected to the panel of the vertical cylinder mechanism; the end of the pull rod (8) extending out of the cavity is provided with a ball joint (1).

7. The multidimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer reset mechanism includes one or more sets of disc springs (9).

8. The multidimensional follow-up variable stiffness vertical cylinder tensile device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each disc spring group (9) is composed of multiple disc springs arranged in a stacked manner or a single disc spring; if there are multiple groups, any two adjacent disc spring groups (9) are arranged in a counter-arrangement.

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