A local segment reinforcement structure for a shield tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of partial segment reinforcement structures of shield tunnel, including tunnel segment;Multiple corrugated steel plates are installed in the inner wall of tunnel segment, horizontal part is set to the end of corrugated steel plate and is detachably connected with tunnel segment;The fixed seat that fastens adjacent two horizontal parts with tunnel segment;It further includes fixed mouth being opened in the inside of fixed seat;The utility model has beneficial effects: using the reinforcement structure of corrugated steel plate and filling material combination, corrugated steel plate has higher rigidity and deformation resistance, filling material can realize the close bonding of corrugated steel plate and segment, the overall force system is formed by the synergistic effect of both, can quickly improve the local rigidity and bearing capacity of tunnel segment, effectively resist tunnel segment large deformation, large convergence, stabilize tunnel segment structure stress state, reinforcement effect is reliable;The addition of fixed seat avoids relative displacement due to tunnel segment deformation at splicing, ensures that multiple corrugated steel plates form continuous reinforcement surface, improve overall deformation resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tunnel engineering reinforcement technology, specifically relating to a local segment reinforcement structure for shield tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] With its advantages of fast construction speed, minimal impact on the surrounding environment, and stable construction quality, shield tunneling has become the mainstream construction method for underground projects such as urban subways and river-crossing tunnels. Among them, subway tunnels, as the core infrastructure of urban public transportation, undertake a large number of passenger transport tasks, and their operational safety is directly related to the safety of people's lives and property and the smooth operation of urban traffic.

[0003] As the operational lifespan of subway tunnels continues to increase, tunnel segments are prone to structural defects such as large deformation and large convergence due to various factors, including changes in geological conditions, disturbances from surrounding construction, long-term loads, aging of segment materials, and groundwater erosion. These defects are not caused by a single factor, but are the result of multiple factors working together: on the one hand, if the geological survey is not accurate enough or the segment assembly precision is not properly controlled during the tunnel construction phase, it will create hidden dangers for deformation in the later operation phase; on the other hand, during operation, engineering activities such as foundation pit excavation and pile foundation construction in the surrounding area will change the stress field distribution around the tunnel, causing the segments to bear additional stress, which in turn leads to deformation; at the same time, long-term train vibration loads will accelerate fatigue damage to the segment materials, reduce the structural strength and stiffness of the segments, and the infiltration of groundwater will erode the segment concrete and internal steel bars, further weakening the load-bearing capacity of the segments, ultimately leading to problems such as cracks, excessive displacement, and circumferential misalignment in the segments.

[0004] More importantly, the deformation of tunnel segments is often sudden and uncertain. Once large deformation or large convergence occurs, it will directly threaten the integrity and stability of the segment structure. In severe cases, it may lead to segment damage, tunnel collapse, and interruption of subway operation, causing huge economic losses and adverse social impact.

[0005] Existing technologies for reinforcing shield tunnel segments mainly include segment replacement, steel plate bonding, shotcrete reinforcement, and grouting reinforcement. However, these methods all have certain limitations: segment replacement involves complex construction processes and long construction periods, significantly impacting subway operations and making it difficult to meet emergency reinforcement needs for sudden deformations; steel plate bonding requires extremely high surface flatness of the segments, and the bonding durability between the steel plate and the segments is greatly affected by environmental factors, leading to potential peeling after long-term use; shotcrete reinforcement generates significant dust pollution during construction, and the thickness of the sprayed layer is difficult to control, resulting in a significant increase in the self-weight of the reinforced structure and additional loads on the segments; the reinforcement effect of grouting relies on the diffusion range and density of the grouting material, making precise control of construction quality difficult, and its effect on improving the stiffness of segments that have already undergone significant deformation is limited. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a local segment reinforcement structure for shield tunnels, which enables rapid construction and efficient reinforcement, improves the local stiffness and load-bearing capacity of tunnel segments, effectively suppresses segment deformation, and ensures the structural and operational safety of the tunnel.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a partial segment reinforcement structure for shield tunnels, comprising... Tunnel segments; Multiple corrugated steel plates installed on the inner wall of the tunnel segment, and horizontal parts set at the ends of the corrugated steel plates and detachably connected to the tunnel segment; Fixtures that fasten two adjacent horizontal sections to the tunnel segments.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a fixing port opened inside the fixing seat, and a fastening piece disposed on the fixing seat and located outside the fixing port.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a fastening port opened inside the fastening plate, and a fastening bolt that passes through the fastening port, the fixing port, the horizontal part and is screwed into the tunnel segment.

[0010] Preferably, the curvature of the corrugated steel plate is adapted to the curvature of the tunnel segment, and bolt holes are provided inside the horizontal section.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes expansion bolts that penetrate the bolt holes and are screwed into the tunnel segment, and an epoxy adhesive layer is provided between the corrugated steel plate and the tunnel segment.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the fixing seat is arc-shaped, and the length of the fixing seat is less than the splicing length of two adjacent horizontal parts.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: The reinforcement structure adopts a combination of corrugated steel plates and filling materials. The corrugated steel plates have high rigidity and deformation resistance, while the filling materials can achieve tight bonding between the corrugated steel plates and the tunnel segments. The two work together to form an overall stress system, which can quickly improve the local rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the tunnel segments, effectively resist large deformation and large convergence of the tunnel segments, stabilize the stress state of the tunnel segment structure, and ensure reliable reinforcement effect. The addition of fixing seats prevents relative displacement at the splice joint due to the deformation of tunnel segments, ensures that multiple corrugated steel plates form a continuous reinforced surface, and improves the overall resistance to deformation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing base structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the fixing base of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fastening plate structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the corrugated steel plate structure of this utility model; In the picture: 1. Tunnel segment; 2. Corrugated steel plate; 21. Horizontal section; 3. Fixing seat; 31. Fixing port; 4. Fastening plate; 41. Fastening port; 5. Fastening bolt; 6. Expansion bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This utility model provides a partial segment reinforcement structure for shield tunnels, including... Tunnel segment 1 is the original main structure of the shield tunnel and also the core load-bearing and functional object of the reinforcement structure. Multiple corrugated steel plates 2 are installed on the inner wall of tunnel segment 1. These plates can cover the deformed areas of tunnel segment 1 in sections. On the one hand, the coverage area can be flexibly adjusted according to the local deformation range of tunnel segment 1, avoiding the difficulties in transporting and installing a single large steel plate. On the other hand, if a corrugated steel plate 2 is damaged later, it can be replaced individually without dismantling the entire reinforcement system, reducing maintenance costs and impact on tunnel operation. The corrugated steel plates 2 are installed on the inner wall of tunnel segment 1, without occupying external tunnel space, making them suitable for scenarios such as subway tunnels where "internal operating space is prioritized". The horizontal part 21, located at the end of the corrugated steel plate 2 and detachably connected to the tunnel segment 1, has a planar structure that facilitates the processing of connection holes and fits the surface of segment 1. The detachable connection design makes the installation, adjustment, and removal of corrugated steel plates 2 more flexible. During construction, the corrugated steel plates 2 can be temporarily fixed through the horizontal part 21, adjusted in position, and then finally tightened, reducing installation errors. At the same time, they can be easily disassembled for subsequent maintenance, improving the convenience of construction and maintenance. The fixing seat 3, which fastens two adjacent horizontal sections 21 to the tunnel segment 1, is designed specifically for the joint of the horizontal sections 21 of the adjacent corrugated steel plates 2, which is a "weak node" in the reinforcement system. It can fasten the two horizontal sections 21 to the tunnel segment 1, avoid relative displacement caused by the deformation of the tunnel segment 1 at the joint, ensure that multiple corrugated steel plates 2 form a continuous reinforcement surface, and improve the overall deformation resistance. As an independent fastening component, the fixing seat 3 can transfer the reinforcement force borne by the horizontal section 21 to the tunnel segment 1, and prevent the horizontal section 21 from cracking or deforming due to excessive direct force. At the same time, the structural strength of the fixing seat 3 can supplement the load-bearing capacity of the horizontal section 21. Especially when the deformation of the tunnel segment 1 is large, it can effectively protect the horizontal section 21 and extend the service life of the reinforcement system.

[0017] In this embodiment, a fixing port 31 is also provided inside the fixing seat 3. The fixing port 31 is located inside the fixing seat 3, which firstly provides a clear through channel for the subsequent fastening bolt 5, ensuring that the fastening bolt 5 can accurately pass through the fixing seat 3 and avoid uneven force on the fixing seat 3 due to channel deviation. Secondly, the "opening design" of the fixing port 31 can reduce the amount of material used and reduce the weight of the fixing seat 3 without reducing the structural strength of the fixing seat 3. The fastening plate 4 is set on the fixing seat 3 and located outside the fixing port 31. When the fastening bolt 5 passes through the fixing port 31, it will generate compressive stress on the edge of the fixing port 31. The fastening plate 4 can disperse this stress and prevent the fixing seat 3 from cracking due to local stress concentration. At the same time, the fastening plate 4 increases the contact area between the fixing seat 3 and the fastening bolt 5, improves the anti-slip ability of the fastening bolt 5, and ensures that the connection between the fixing seat 3 and the horizontal part 21 and the tunnel segment 1 is more reliable.

[0018] In this embodiment, a fastening port 41 is also provided inside the fastening plate 4, and a fastening bolt 5 is provided that passes through the fastening port 41, the fixing port 31, the horizontal part 21 and is screwed into the tunnel segment 1 to avoid the loosening of the reinforcement system caused by the failure of a single component connection. At the same time, the screw-in connection can adjust the fastening force as needed. During construction, the torque control can be used to ensure that the fastening force of each fastening bolt 5 is consistent, so as to avoid local weak points due to uneven connection force.

[0019] In this embodiment, the curvature of the corrugated steel plate 2 is adapted to the curvature of the tunnel segment 1. Compared with non-adhesive point contact or line contact, surface contact can significantly increase the contact area between the corrugated steel plate 2 and the tunnel segment 1. On the one hand, the deformation force of the tunnel segment 1 can be evenly transmitted to the corrugated steel plate 2, avoiding local stress concentration that could lead to damage to the tunnel segment 1 or the corrugated steel plate 2. On the other hand, when filling the epoxy adhesive layer later, surface contact can ensure that the adhesive layer is evenly distributed without gaps, improving the bonding reliability and preventing the interruption of reinforcement force transmission due to gaps. Bolt holes are provided inside the horizontal part 21, and the position of the bolt holes can be adjusted according to the weak stress areas of the segment 1. At the same time, the standardized processing of the bolt holes facilitates the mass production of the corrugated steel plate 2, reducing manufacturing costs. In addition, the bolt holes are compatible with expansion bolts 6 of different specifications, and can be flexibly selected according to the reinforcement strength requirements during construction, improving the adaptability of the technical solution.

[0020] In this embodiment, an expansion bolt 6 is also included, which penetrates the bolt hole and screws into the tunnel segment 1. This effectively resists the tensile force generated by the deformation of the corrugated steel plate 2 due to the tunnel segment 1, preventing the corrugated steel plate 2 from detaching from the tunnel segment 1. Furthermore, the installation of the expansion bolt 6 does not require pre-drilling threaded holes on the tunnel segment 1; it can be installed directly by drilling during construction, simplifying the construction process, improving efficiency, and meeting the needs of rapid construction within tunnels. An epoxy adhesive layer is also provided between the corrugated steel plate 2 and the tunnel segment 1. The epoxy adhesive has high-strength bonding properties, which can tightly bond the corrugated steel plate 2 and the tunnel segment 1 into a whole, allowing them to share the load collaboratively. To avoid "stress disconnection" caused by gaps between corrugated steel plate 2 and tunnel segment 1, the overall rigidity of the reinforcement system is further improved. The epoxy adhesive layer can fill the tiny gaps between corrugated steel plate 2 and tunnel segment 1, preventing groundwater and moisture from seeping in, avoiding carbonization of the concrete of tunnel segment 1 due to water erosion and corrosion of steel bars, while protecting the expansion bolts 6 from corrosion and extending the durability of the reinforcement system. In addition, the epoxy adhesive layer can also fill the calcification and unevenness defects on the surface of tunnel segment 1 caused by leak sealing, making the corrugated steel plate 2 fit the tunnel segment 1 better, indirectly improving the fastening effect of the expansion bolts 6.

[0021] In this embodiment, the end of the fixing seat 3 is arc-shaped, which can prevent sharp ends from scratching construction personnel during construction or scraping maintenance equipment and pipelines during tunnel operation, thus improving the safety of construction and operation. At the same time, the arc-shaped structure can disperse the stress at the end of the fixing seat 3, improve the structural strength of the fixing seat 3, and extend its service life. In addition, the arc-shaped end fits more closely to the arc-shaped inner wall of the tunnel segment 1, reducing the gap between the fixing seat 3 and the tunnel segment 1, avoiding the accumulation of debris, reducing maintenance difficulty, and the length of the fixing seat 3 is less than the splicing length of two adjacent horizontal parts 21. If there is a slight deviation in the splicing position of adjacent horizontal parts 21 during construction, the short length design of the fixing seat 3 can avoid restricting the position adjustment of the horizontal parts 21, ensuring that the horizontal parts 21 can be accurately aligned.

[0022] The working principle and usage process of this utility model are as follows: A high-pressure air gun and a special brush are used to thoroughly remove dust, oil stains and loose attachments from the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1 within the construction area, ensuring that the surface of the tunnel segment 1 is clean; at the same time, the tunnel segment 1 is checked for water leakage. If there is leakage, the leakage must be plugged first. After the plugging material has cured, the uneven parts of the annular surface caused by the plugging are smoothed with a grinder to completely remove the calcifications, ultimately ensuring that the arc of the tunnel segment 1 is flat, laying the foundation for the subsequent epoxy adhesive layer bonding and corrugated steel plate 2 installation; Focusing on the caulking of tunnel segments 1 within the coverage area of ​​the subsequent corrugated steel plate 2, use special tools to clean the debris and aged sealant in the caulking, ensuring that the caulking depth and width are uniform; after cleaning, use epoxy grease to fill the caulking, so that the surface of the tunnel segment 1 forms a continuous and flat stress surface, avoiding gaps between the subsequent corrugated steel plate 2 and the segments due to caulking depressions; at the same time, clean the manholes on the tunnel segments 1 one by one, removing dust, water and residual debris from the manholes; A high-precision 3D laser scanner was used to perform a full-size scan of the deformation area of ​​tunnel segment 1, and to obtain accurate data such as the curvature, deformation amount, and surface defects of the inner wall of tunnel segment 1, and to generate a 3D model. Based on the 3D scanning data, multiple corrugated steel plates 2 are cut and bent in the factory. At the same time, bolt holes are machined on the horizontal part 21 at the end of the corrugated steel plate 2 (the bolt hole position must avoid the internal steel bars and pipelines of the tunnel segment 1, and standardized processing is adopted to be compatible with expansion bolts 6 of different specifications). After processing, the curvature accuracy of the corrugated steel plate 2 and the deviation of the bolt hole position are checked to ensure that they meet the on-site installation requirements. Then, rust prevention treatment is carried out to extend the service life. The processed corrugated steel plates 2 are transported to the tunnel construction site in batches. Using the hoisting equipment inside the tunnel and the robotic arm, the corrugated steel plates 2 are attached piece by piece to the deformed area of ​​the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1. Relying on the flat surface of the tunnel segment 1 after pretreatment, the corrugated steel plates 2 are initially attached to the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1. At the same time, the position of the horizontal part 21 is adjusted to ensure that the splicing of the horizontal parts 21 of adjacent corrugated steel plates 2 is aligned, so as to reserve space for the subsequent installation of the fixing seat 3. After the single corrugated steel plate 2 is positioned, the expansion bolt 6 is passed through the bolt hole of the horizontal part 21, and a hole is drilled at the corresponding position of the tunnel segment 1 using a drilling equipment. Then the expansion bolt 6 is screwed into the hole and tightened. For the splicing nodes of two adjacent horizontal sections 21, a fixing seat 3 is installed so that the fixing seat 3 covers the splicing area and fits against the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1; then the fastening plate 4 is placed on the outside of the fixing port 31 of the fixing seat 3, and the fastening port 41 of the fastening plate 4 is aligned with the fixing port 31 of the fixing seat 3 and the bolt hole of the horizontal section 21. The fastening bolt 5 is then passed through the fastening port 41, the fixing port 31 and the horizontal section 21 in sequence, and finally screwed into the tunnel segment 1 and tightened according to the preset torque. At the gap between the corrugated steel plate 2 and the tunnel segment 1, epoxy adhesive is injected using high-pressure grouting equipment to ensure that the epoxy adhesive fills all the tiny gaps evenly. The epoxy adhesive not only bonds the corrugated steel plate 2 and the tunnel segment 1 into a whole to achieve synergistic stress, but also seals the gaps to prevent groundwater from seeping in. After the injection is completed, it is left to stand for a period of time until it is initially cured. Check for any leaks or air bubbles. If there are any defects, it is necessary to re-inject in time.

[0023] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described (see the detailed description above), it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A partial segment reinforcement structure for shield tunnels, characterized in that: include Tunnel segment (1); Multiple corrugated steel plates (2) installed on the inner wall of the tunnel segment (1), and a horizontal part (21) set at the end of the corrugated steel plate (2) and detachably connected to the tunnel segment (1). Fixing seat (3) for fastening two adjacent horizontal sections (21) to the tunnel segment (1); It also includes a fixing port (31) opened inside the fixing seat (3) and a fastening piece (4) set on the fixing seat (3) and located outside the fixing port (31). It also includes a fastening port (41) opened inside the fastening piece (4), and a fastening bolt (5) that passes through the fastening port (41), the fixing port (31), the horizontal part (21) and is screwed into the tunnel segment (1).

2. The shield tunnel segment reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curvature of the corrugated steel plate (2) is adapted to the curvature of the tunnel segment (1), and bolt holes are provided inside the horizontal part (21).

3. The shield tunnel segment reinforcement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes expansion bolts (6) that penetrate the bolt holes and are screwed into the tunnel segment (1), and an epoxy adhesive layer is provided between the corrugated steel plate (2) and the tunnel segment (1).

4. The shield tunnel segment reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the fixing seat (3) is arc-shaped, and the length of the fixing seat (3) is less than the splicing length of the two adjacent horizontal parts (21).

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