Safe and environment-friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522061727.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-25
AI Technical Summary
[0003]然而，在现有移架过程中，由于主顶梁需要降下，此时的巷道顶板临时不具备支撑，易发生局部陷落塌陷，尤其是松软煤层以及裂隙发育煤层等，巷道顶板由多层不同岩性组成，黏结力差，具体表现为移架顶梁下降时较多碎屑砂岩等掉落，并不断堆落在主顶梁表面，直至堆积过多，从主顶梁四周滑落，对下方的液压撑杆以及工人等造成伤害，不利于煤矿安全生产的开展，降低了工作效率；其次，在移架过程中，由于巷道顶板碎屑砂岩的掉落，还会产生大量粉尘，既危害工人的身体健康，又会破坏工作环境
[0013]In normal coal mining, the side plates are in a vertically closed state, forming a relatively sealed cavity between the side plates, bottom plate, top beam, and upper end plate. The nozzle is located within this cavity. At this time, the end of the upper end plate is tightly attached to the side wall of the top beam. During the frame shifting process, the top beam descends and separates from the roadway roof. The horizontal cylinder is activated, and its piston rod extends, pushing the side plates, causing them and the upper end plate to rotate away from the top beam, forming an unfolded state. At this time, a material drop channel with an open top is formed between the side plates, bottom plate, and top beam. The top beam is appropriately tilted, so that the end of the top beam near the shield beam is lower and the suspended end is higher. When a local collapse occurs in the roadway roof, the soft clumps of sandstone continuously... As the rock falls, some of the debris falls onto the top beam and then slides down along it under gravity, eventually leaving the top beam and falling into the ash storage box on the shield beam. The other part of the debris falls into the aforementioned material drop channel and moves downward along it under gravity, eventually falling into the slag storage box from the ash drop opening on the bottom plate. At the same time, water is supplied to the water pipes, which deliver water to the nozzles and spray out as a water mist. The water mist removes dust. After the frame is moved, the side plates are retracted by the horizontal cylinder, bringing them back to a vertically closed position without affecting the normal use of the fully mechanized hydraulic support. Finally, the debris and sandstone in the slag and ash storage boxes are cleaned periodically. In this invention, structures for receiving clastic sandstone are provided on both sides of the top beam. Firstly, the inclination of the top beam allows falling clastic sandstone to slide downwards under its own weight, preventing accumulation on the top beam. Secondly, the side plates and bottom plate expand the area for receiving clastic sandstone. Even if clastic sandstone falls directly from the tunnel roof onto the sides of the top beam, or falls onto the top beam and then from the sides, it will land on the side plates and bottom plate, effectively preventing it from falling below the top beam and supporting the hydraulic supports below the top beam. The support rods and workers are protected, reducing the possibility of injury and equipment damage, which is conducive to safe production in coal mines and improves work efficiency. Secondly, during the relocation of the fully mechanized hydraulic support, after the side plates leave the top beam, the internal nozzles are exposed. The nozzles spray water mist upwards, which has two functions: first, to remove dust generated by the collapse of the roadway roof, reducing dust; second, to form two water mist curtains on both sides above the top beam, preventing dust from spreading to the sides, preventing dust from harming the health of workers, and protecting the coal mining environment. In summary, this utility model has the advantages of preventing sandstone from falling, reducing dust, high work efficiency, and safety and environmental protection.
Smart Images
Figure CN224664629U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fully mechanized mining hydraulic support technology, specifically to a safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized mining hydraulic support. Background Technology
[0002] Fully mechanized hydraulic supports are one of the most critical pieces of equipment in fully mechanized coal mining faces. They are primarily used to support the roof of the roadway in the mining face, ensuring the safety of mining operations. Powered by a hydraulic system, they enable the lifting, supporting, and moving of the supports, significantly improving the safety and efficiency of coal mine production. To adapt to the excavation of fully mechanized mining faces, the fully mechanized hydraulic supports need to move synchronously with the continuous mining machine to support the working face. The specific operation involves: retracting the telescopic beams and sidewalls, lowering the main support column so that the main roof beam is slightly off the roadway roof, generally 65–200 mm; moving the fully mechanized hydraulic supports to the designated position by pulling or hydraulic propulsion; and then raising the main support column to ensure tight contact between the main roof beam and the roadway roof to achieve the initial support force.
[0003] However, during the existing support relocation process, the main roof beam needs to be lowered, at which point the roadway roof temporarily lacks support, making it prone to localized subsidence and collapse, especially in soft coal seams and fractured coal seams. In these cases, the roadway roof is composed of multiple layers of different lithologies with poor cohesion. Specifically, as the supporting roof beam descends, a large amount of debris and sandstone falls and accumulates on the surface of the main roof beam until it becomes too large and slides off around the beam, causing injury to the hydraulic struts below and workers. This is detrimental to safe coal mine production and reduces work efficiency. Secondly, the falling debris and sandstone from the roadway roof during the relocation process also generates a large amount of dust, which harms workers' health and damages the working environment. Therefore, developing a safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support that can prevent sandstone falling, reduce dust, and achieve high work efficiency is an objective necessity. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support that can prevent sandstone from falling, reduce dust, and has high working efficiency.
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: it includes a base, connecting rod, shield beam, top beam, forward extension beam, and column. A base plate is provided at the bottom of both sides of the top beam, and a side plate is hinged to the end of the base plate. An upper end plate is provided at the top of the side plate. Horizontal cylinders are installed on both sides inside the top beam. The piston rod end of the horizontal cylinder is vertically slidably connected to the corresponding side plate. Water supply pipes are spaced apart along the length of the top beam. Several water spray pipes are spaced apart along the length of the water supply pipes. The ends of the water spray pipes extend to the outside of both sides of the top beam, and the length of the water spray pipes extending out of the top beam is less than the width of the base plate. The ends of the water spray pipes are bent upwards and connected to nozzles. A blocking plate is provided between the side plate near the shield beam and the top beam. A dust collection port is machined on the base plate near the blocking plate. A slag storage box is provided on the top beam below the dust collection port, and a dust storage box is provided on the shield beam.
[0006] Furthermore, the ash storage box is vertically slidably connected to the shield beam.
[0007] Furthermore, the bottom of the slag storage box is inclined, and a slag discharge pipe is installed at the lower end of the bottom of the slag storage box, with a solenoid valve installed on the slag discharge pipe.
[0008] Furthermore, two strip-shaped flat plates are installed above the top beam. The ends of the two flat plates are rotatably connected to the two sides of the upper surface of the top beam, respectively. A vertical cylinder is installed inside the top beam. The piston rod end of the vertical cylinder extends to the top of the top beam and contacts the flat plate.
[0009] Furthermore, the end cross-section of the piston rod is arc-shaped.
[0010] Furthermore, a strip-shaped protective net is installed above the nozzle, and the protective net is fixed to the top beam.
[0011] Furthermore, a slide rail is vertically arranged on the side plate, and a slider is slidably connected on the slide rail. The end of the piston rod of the horizontal cylinder is hinged to the slider.
[0012] Furthermore, a dust detection sensor is installed on the inner side of the side panel.
[0013] In normal coal mining, the side plates are in a vertically closed state, forming a relatively sealed cavity between the side plates, bottom plate, top beam, and upper end plate. The nozzle is located within this cavity. At this time, the end of the upper end plate is tightly attached to the side wall of the top beam. During the frame shifting process, the top beam descends and separates from the roadway roof. The horizontal cylinder is activated, and its piston rod extends, pushing the side plates, causing them and the upper end plate to rotate away from the top beam, forming an unfolded state. At this time, a material drop channel with an open top is formed between the side plates, bottom plate, and top beam. The top beam is appropriately tilted, so that the end of the top beam near the shield beam is lower and the suspended end is higher. When a local collapse occurs in the roadway roof, the soft clumps of sandstone continuously... As the rock falls, some of the debris falls onto the top beam and then slides down along it under gravity, eventually leaving the top beam and falling into the ash storage box on the shield beam. The other part of the debris falls into the aforementioned material drop channel and moves downward along it under gravity, eventually falling into the slag storage box from the ash drop opening on the bottom plate. At the same time, water is supplied to the water pipes, which deliver water to the nozzles and spray out as a water mist. The water mist removes dust. After the frame is moved, the side plates are retracted by the horizontal cylinder, bringing them back to a vertically closed position without affecting the normal use of the fully mechanized hydraulic support. Finally, the debris and sandstone in the slag and ash storage boxes are cleaned periodically. In this invention, structures for receiving clastic sandstone are provided on both sides of the top beam. Firstly, the inclination of the top beam allows falling clastic sandstone to slide downwards under its own weight, preventing accumulation on the top beam. Secondly, the side plates and bottom plate expand the area for receiving clastic sandstone. Even if clastic sandstone falls directly from the tunnel roof onto the sides of the top beam, or falls onto the top beam and then from the sides, it will land on the side plates and bottom plate, effectively preventing it from falling below the top beam and supporting the hydraulic supports below the top beam. The support rods and workers are protected, reducing the possibility of injury and equipment damage, which is conducive to safe production in coal mines and improves work efficiency. Secondly, during the relocation of the fully mechanized hydraulic support, after the side plates leave the top beam, the internal nozzles are exposed. The nozzles spray water mist upwards, which has two functions: first, to remove dust generated by the collapse of the roadway roof, reducing dust; second, to form two water mist curtains on both sides above the top beam, preventing dust from spreading to the sides, preventing dust from harming the health of workers, and protecting the coal mining environment. In summary, this utility model has the advantages of preventing sandstone from falling, reducing dust, high work efficiency, and safety and environmental protection. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA; In the diagram: 1-base, 2-connecting rod, 3-protective beam, 4-top beam, 5-forward extension beam, 6-column, 7-base plate, 8-side plate, 9-upper end plate, 10-horizontal cylinder, 11-water pipe, 12-spray pipe, 13-blocking plate, 14-ash discharge port, 15-slag storage box, 16-ash storage box, 17-slag discharge pipe, 18-flat plate, 19-vertical cylinder, 20-protective net, 21-slide rail, 22-dust detection sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this description is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0016] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this utility model includes a base 1, a connecting rod 2, a shield beam 3, a top beam 4, a forward extension beam 5, and a column 6. The base 1, connecting rod 2, shield beam 3, top beam 4, forward extension beam 5, and column 6 are all structures of existing fully mechanized hydraulic supports. The top beam 4 is a hollow box-shaped structure. Therefore, in this utility model, horizontal cylinders 10, vertical cylinders 19, and water pipes 11 can be installed inside the top beam 4. Base plates 7 are provided at the bottom of both sides of the top beam 4, and side plates 8 are hinged to the ends of the base plates 7. Upper end plates 9 are provided at the upper ends of the side plates 8. Horizontal cylinders 10 are installed on both sides inside the top beam 4, and the piston rod ends of the horizontal cylinders 10 are connected to the corresponding... The side plate 8 is vertically slidably connected. A water supply pipe 11 is arranged parallel to the length of the top beam 4. Several water spray pipes 12 are arranged at intervals along the length of the water supply pipe 11. The ends of the water spray pipes 12 extend to the outside of both sides of the top beam 4, and the length of the water spray pipes 12 extending out of the top beam 4 is less than the width of the bottom plate 7. The ends of the water spray pipes 12 are bent upward and connected to nozzles. A blocking plate 13 is arranged between the side plate 8 and the top beam 4 on the side near the shield beam 3. A dust discharge port 14 is processed on the bottom plate 7 near the blocking plate 13. A slag storage box 15 is arranged on the top beam 4 below the dust discharge port 14. A dust storage box 16 is arranged on the shield beam 3.
[0017] In normal coal mining, the side plate 8 is in a vertically closed state, forming a relatively sealed cavity between the side plate 8, bottom plate 7, top beam 4, and upper end plate 9. The nozzle is located in this cavity. At this time, the end of the upper end plate 9 is tightly attached to the side wall of the top beam 4. During the frame shifting process, the top beam 4 descends and separates from the roadway roof. The horizontal cylinder 10 is activated, and the piston rod of the horizontal cylinder 10 extends, pushing the side plate 8, causing the side plate 8 and upper end plate 9 to rotate away from the top beam 4, forming an unfolded state. At this time, a material drop channel with an open upper end is formed between the side plate 8, bottom plate 7, and top beam 4. The top beam 4 is appropriately tilted, so that the end of the top beam 4 near the shield beam 3 is lower and the suspended end is higher. When the roadway roof experiences local collapse, the soft clastic sandstone continuously... As the rock falls, some of the debris falls onto the top beam 4, then slides down along the top beam 4 under gravity, eventually leaving the top beam 4 and falling into the ash storage box 16 on the shield beam 3. The other part of the debris falls into the aforementioned material drop channel, and under gravity, moves downward along the material drop channel, eventually falling from the ash drop port 14 on the bottom plate 7 into the slag storage box 15. At the same time, water is introduced into the water supply pipe 11, and the water is sent to the nozzles from each water spray pipe 12, and then sprayed out from the nozzles to form a water mist. The water mist removes dust. After the frame is moved, the side plate 8 is retracted by the horizontal cylinder 10, so that the side plate 8 is in a vertical closed state again, which does not affect the normal use of the fully mechanized hydraulic support. Finally, the debris in the slag storage box 15 and the ash storage box 16 can be cleaned periodically.
[0018] In this invention, structures for receiving clastic sandstone are provided on both sides of the top beam 4. On one hand, the inclination of the top beam 4 allows falling clastic sandstone to slide downwards under its own weight, preventing accumulation on the top beam 4. On the other hand, the side plates 8 and the bottom plate 7 expand the area for receiving clastic sandstone. Even if clastic sandstone falls directly from the tunnel roof onto the sides of the top beam 4, or falls onto the top beam 4 and then from the sides, it will fall onto the side plates 8 and the bottom plate 7, effectively preventing clastic sandstone from falling below the top beam 4. The hydraulic struts and workers are protected, reducing the possibility of injury and equipment damage, which is conducive to safe production in coal mines and improves work efficiency. Secondly, during the relocation of the fully mechanized hydraulic support, after the side plate 8 leaves the top beam 4, the internal nozzles will be exposed. The nozzles spray water mist upwards, which has two functions: first, to remove dust generated by the collapse of the roadway roof and reduce dust; second, to form two water mist curtains on both sides above the top beam 4 to prevent dust from spreading to both sides, prevent dust from harming the health of workers, and protect the coal mining environment.
[0019] The ash storage box 16 is vertically slidably connected to the shield beam 3. The debris sandstone on the top beam 4 will slide into the ash storage box 16. The ash storage box 16 needs to be cleaned regularly. When cleaning, the ash storage box 16 can be moved downward to reduce its height for easier cleaning.
[0020] The slag inside the slag storage box 15 needs to be cleaned regularly. In order to efficiently and thoroughly discharge the slag inside, the bottom of the slag storage box 15 is set at an angle. A slag discharge pipe 17 is set at the lower end of the bottom of the slag storage box 15. A solenoid valve is set on the slag discharge pipe 17. When discharging slag, the solenoid valve is opened, and the slag inside the slag storage box 15 moves towards the slag discharge pipe 17 and is finally discharged from the slag discharge pipe 17.
[0021] Two strip-shaped flat plates 18 are installed above the top beam 4. The ends of the two flat plates 18 are rotatably connected to the two sides of the upper surface of the top beam 4. A vertical cylinder 19 is installed inside the top beam 4. The piston rod end of the vertical cylinder 19 extends above the top beam 4 and contacts the flat plate 18. In actual use, it was found that when the debris sandstone on the tunnel roof falls, some of the debris sandstone will fall onto the top beam 4. Most of it will slide along the top beam 4 until it falls into the ash storage box 16. However, some debris sandstone will still remain on the top beam 4. Flat plates 18 are installed to clean up this debris sandstone. When needed, the vertical cylinder 19 is activated, the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 19 extends, and pushes the flat plate 18 upward, causing the flat plate 18 to rotate and form an inclined state. The debris sandstone remaining on the flat plate 18 will slide down and fall to both sides of the top beam 4, thus achieving the purpose of cleaning the debris sandstone on the top beam 4.
[0022] The end cross-section of the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 19 is arc-shaped. The upper end of the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 18 rests on the plate 18. When the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 19 extends, it lifts the plate 18 upward. Conversely, when the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 19 shortens, the plate 18 moves downward under its own weight. It can be seen that the end of the piston rod of the vertical cylinder 19 is always in contact with the plate 18, which may scrape the surface of the plate 18 and cause damage to the plate 18, or cause jamming. In order to avoid the above problems, the end of the piston rod is processed into a smooth shape to reduce the friction between the two and make the rotation process of the plate 18 smoother.
[0023] A strip-shaped protective net 20 is installed above the nozzle and fixed to the top beam 4. In actual use, debris sandstone may fall from the tunnel roof and collide with the nozzle, causing damage. The protective net 20 can block the falling debris sandstone, protect the nozzle, and extend its service life.
[0024] A slide rail 21 is vertically arranged on the side plate 8, and a slider is slidably connected to the slide rail 21. The piston rod end of the horizontal cylinder 10 is hinged to the slider. In use, the piston rod of the horizontal cylinder 10 drives the slider to move horizontally. While moving horizontally, the slider also slides up and down in the slide rail 21, and drives the side plate 8 to rotate, so as to realize the opening or closing of the side plate 8.
[0025] A dust detection sensor 22 is installed on the inner side of the side plate 8. The dust detection sensor 22 is an existing detection instrument. In this utility model, the dust detection sensor 22 is installed on the inner side of the side plate 8. When the hydraulic support of the fully mechanized mining is moved, the side plate 8 is opened and the dust detection sensor 22 is exposed, so that the surrounding dust concentration can be detected. When used in conjunction with the nozzle, when the surrounding dust concentration is high, the spray volume of the nozzle is increased, and conversely, when the surrounding dust concentration is low, the spray volume of the nozzle is reduced. This satisfies the dust removal function and achieves a better dust removal effect while preventing the waste of water resources.
Claims
1. A safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support, comprising a base (1), connecting rods (2), a shield beam (3), a top beam (4), a forward extension beam (5), and a column (6), characterized in that: Bottom plates (7) are provided on the bottom of both sides of the top beam (4). Side plates (8) are hinged to the ends of the bottom plates (7). Top plates (9) are provided on the upper ends of the side plates (8). Horizontal cylinders (10) are installed on both sides inside the top beam (4). The piston rod ends of the horizontal cylinders (10) are vertically slidably connected to the corresponding side plates (8). Water pipes (11) are arranged parallel to the length of the top beam (4). Several water spray pipes (12) are arranged at intervals along the length of the water pipes (11). The ends of the water spray pipes (12) are... The water spray pipe (12) extends to the outside of both sides of the top beam (4), and the length of the water spray pipe (12) extending out of the top beam (4) is less than the width of the bottom plate (7). The end of the water spray pipe (12) is bent upward and connected to a nozzle. A blocking plate (13) is provided between the side plate (8) near the shield beam (3) and the top beam (4). A dust discharge port (14) is processed on the bottom plate (7) near the blocking plate (13). A slag storage box (15) is provided on the top beam (4) below the dust discharge port (14). A dust storage box (16) is provided on the shield beam (3).
2. The safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash storage box (16) is vertically slidably connected to the shield beam (3).
3. The safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the slag storage box (15) is inclined, and a slag discharge pipe (17) is provided at the lower end of the bottom of the slag storage box (15), and a solenoid valve is provided on the slag discharge pipe (17).
4. The safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two strip-shaped flat plates (18) are provided above the top beam (4). The ends of the two flat plates (18) are rotatably connected to the two sides of the upper surface of the top beam (4). A vertical cylinder (19) is provided inside the top beam (4). The piston rod end of the vertical cylinder (19) extends to the top of the top beam (4) and contacts the flat plate (18).
5. A safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end cross-sectional shape of the piston rod of the vertical cylinder (19) is arc-shaped.
6. The safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A strip-shaped protective net (20) is provided above the nozzle, and the protective net (20) is fixed on the top beam (4).
7. The safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide rail (21) is vertically arranged on the side plate (8), and a slider is slidably connected on the slide rail (21). The piston rod end of the horizontal cylinder (10) is hinged to the slider.
8. The safe and environmentally friendly fully mechanized hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust detection sensor (22) is provided on the inner side of the side plate (8).