An ultra-low-load high-speed cantilevered turbine power generation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of ultra-low load's high-speed cantilever turbine power generation systems, including high-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set, lubricating oil station, air cooling island, condensate tank, condensate pump and vacuum pump set, wherein, high-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set is multistage cantilever turbine generator set, each stage of moving blade is separately arranged in independent volute, each volute is arranged at the shaft end head of gear box, when low load, the last stage impeller of independent, easy to form blast effect, limit the last stage impeller of whole machine operation is cut off from whole machine system, and then can be long-term stable and efficient operation under low load condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of power generation, and in particular relates to a high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system with ultra-low load. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional cogeneration turbine power generation, the "low-pressure cylinder cut-off operation" technology is used to ensure high power generation efficiency under low operating conditions in winter. This is achieved by directly drawing steam from the secondary and final stages through a medium- and low-pressure bypass valve. However, in the field of waste heat and pressure turbine power generation and recovery, conventional small turbines are typically designed with a single-flow configuration, with the medium and low pressure cylinders arranged in the same cylinder. There is no way to cut off the low-pressure final stage blade assembly, which is prone to drafting, from operation via the shaft system. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system with ultra-low load, which can operate stably and efficiently for a long time under low load conditions.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system with ultra-low load, comprising: A high-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set, wherein the high-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set is a multi-stage cantilever turbine generator set, with each stage of moving blades arranged separately in an independent volute, and each volute arranged at the shaft end of the gearbox. The lubricating oil station has its oil supply end connected to the oil inlet end of the high-speed turbine via an oil supply pipeline. It is used to supply lubricating oil to the high-speed turbine and to recover the high-temperature lubricating oil that has passed through the high-speed turbine to the oil tank of the lubricating oil station. After being cooled by a heat exchanger, it is recycled. An air-cooled island, wherein the air inlet of the air-cooled island is connected to the exhaust port of a high-speed turbine via an exhaust pipe; A condensate tank, the inlet of which is connected to the condensate outlet of the air-cooled island via a pipe; A condensate pump, which is connected to the drain port of a condensate tank via a condensate recovery pipeline, is used to extract the condensate collected in the condensate tank and pressurize it to be transported back to the production process for reuse. A vacuum pump unit, wherein the pump port is connected to the non-condensable gas outlet of the condenser via a gas pipeline, and is used to extract non-condensable gas from the air condenser.

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a medium- and low-pressure connecting bypass valve is provided between the final stage impeller and the second-to-last stage impeller of the high-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set, which is used to cut off the final stage impeller under low load, so that steam can directly enter the air-cooled island from the second-to-last stage impeller.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the steam inlet of the high-speed turbine is connected to external steam through a steam pipeline. The steam inlet pipeline is sequentially equipped with an electric isolation valve, a filter, a flow meter, a regulating valve group and related detection instruments to control and monitor the state of the steam and ensure that external steam enters the high-speed turbine stably.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lubrication station is equipped with a main oil pump, an auxiliary oil pump and an emergency oil pump. Under normal operating conditions, the main oil pump supplies oil, the auxiliary oil pump is automatically started when the main oil pump fails, and the emergency oil pump is automatically started when there is a power outage or when both the main oil pump and the auxiliary oil pump fail, so as to ensure that the lubrication station continuously supplies lubricating oil at a temperature below 45°C to the high-speed turbine.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating oil station is further equipped with an oil filter, an oil heat exchanger, an oil pressure detection instrument, and an oil temperature detection instrument, for real-time monitoring of the oil pressure and oil temperature of the lubricating oil station, and for automatically alarming when the oil filter pressure difference, oil temperature, or oil pressure exceeds a set threshold.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum pump assembly includes a first screw vacuum pump, a second screw vacuum pump, and a non-condensable gas collection tank. The outlets of the first screw vacuum pump and the second screw vacuum pump are respectively connected to the inlet of the non-condensable gas collection tank through gas pipelines.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the condensate pump includes a first variable frequency pump and a second variable frequency pump. The first variable frequency pump is used to operate under normal working conditions, automatically control the flow rate to regulate the water level of condensate in the condenser hot well, and automatically start the second variable frequency pump when the first variable frequency pump fails.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the steam inlet of the high-speed turbine is connected to external steam through a steam pipeline, and the output shaft of the high-speed turbine is connected to the generator through a coupling; the high-speed turbine, generator and lubrication station are integrated on a skid, or each piece of equipment is a separate skid, and each skid-mounted equipment is equipped with an independent monitoring and control system to monitor the operating status in real time and deal with potential faults in a timely manner.

[0012] Because of the adoption of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art: 1) The ultra-low load high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system in one embodiment of this utility model is a cantilever high-speed turbine power generation system with low-pressure cylinder cut-off, a multi-stage cantilever turbine generator set, and an inherent volute design. Each stage is independently arranged at the shaft end of the gearbox. The independent final stage impeller, which is prone to generating a blower effect and restricting the operation of the whole machine, is cut off from the whole machine system, so that it can operate stably and efficiently for a long time under low load conditions.

[0013] 2) This invention processes external steam through an electric isolation valve, a steam-water separator, and a filter before it enters a high-speed turbine. Inside the turbine, the steam passes through multiple impellers. Due to the pressure and temperature differences between the impellers, the steam expands as it passes through each impeller, converting its thermal and pressure energy into kinetic energy. This forms a high-speed airflow that impacts the impellers, driving them to rotate. This initial conversion of steam energy into mechanical energy is achieved. The high-speed rotating turbine rotor drives the generator rotor to rotate synchronously. Through electromagnetic induction, an induced electromotive force is generated in the generator stator windings, causing the generator to output electrical energy. When the generator is connected to a load, current flows through the closed circuit under the influence of the electromotive force, achieving the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. This solves the energy consumption problem in current power generation systems, resulting in a reasonable system design and simple structure. It converts the thermal energy of steam into electrical energy output, replacing the original direct steam cooling process and realizing energy recovery and reuse.

[0014] 3) This utility model integrates a high-speed turbine, generator and lubrication station on a single skid or each piece of equipment is a separate skid, which improves the overall integrity and compactness of the system. Each skid-mounted equipment is equipped with an independent monitoring and control system, which can monitor the operating status in real time, promptly detect and handle potential faults, and reduce the impact of equipment failures on the entire system. 4) This utility model connects the steam inlet of a high-speed turbine to external steam and the outlet to an air-cooled island, forming a complete steam processing circuit. The externally supplied steam expands and performs work in the high-speed turbine, driving a generator to generate electricity. This efficiently converts the thermal and pressure energy of the steam into mechanical and electrical energy, achieving effective energy recovery and utilization. The steam inlet pipeline is equipped with an electric isolation valve, filter, flow meter, regulating valve group, and related detection instruments, which can precisely control and monitor the steam's state, flow rate, and quality. When the electric isolation valve and regulating valve group are open, it ensures a stable inflow of external steam into the high-speed turbine, guaranteeing the system's stability and efficiency. Simultaneously, the steam flow rate can be flexibly adjusted according to production process requirements, achieving precise control of the power generation system.

[0015] 5) The lubrication station used in this utility model is equipped with an oil filter, an oil heat exchanger, an oil pressure detection instrument, and an oil temperature detection instrument to monitor the oil pressure and oil temperature of the lubrication station in real time. When the oil filter differential pressure, oil temperature, or oil pressure exceeds the set threshold, an automatic alarm is triggered to remind operators to perform timely maintenance and handling, ensuring the normal operation of the lubrication system and preventing equipment failure due to lubrication problems.

[0016] 6) This utility model sets up a medium- and low-pressure connecting bypass valve between the turbine's final stage, secondary final stage, and exhaust pipe. Under lower load conditions (below 15-20% to 10%), the independent final stage impeller, which is prone to creating a blower effect and thus restricting the operation of the whole machine, is disconnected from the whole machine system, so that it can operate stably and efficiently under low load conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system with ultra-low load in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1: High-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set; 2: Electric isolation valve; 3: Filter; 4: Flow meter; 5: Regulating valve group; 6: High-speed turbine; 7: Gearbox; 8: Coupling; 9: Generator; 10: Lubrication oil station; 11: Condenser; 12: Condensate pump; 13: Vacuum pump set. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the ultra-low load high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system proposed in this invention. The advantages and features of this invention will become clearer from the following description and claims.

[0020] This embodiment provides a high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system with ultra-low load, including: High-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set. This high-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set is a multi-stage cantilever turbine generator set. Each stage of moving blades is arranged separately in an independent volute, and each volute is arranged at the shaft end of the gearbox. The lubrication oil station is connected to the oil inlet of the high-speed turbine via an oil supply pipeline. It is used to supply lubricating oil to the high-speed turbine and to recover the high-temperature lubricating oil that has passed through the high-speed turbine to the oil tank of the lubrication oil station. After being cooled by a heat exchanger, it is recycled. An air-cooled island, the air-cooled island’s inlet is connected to the exhaust port of a high-speed turbine via an exhaust pipe; A condensate tank, the inlet of which is connected to the condensate outlet of the air-cooled island via a pipe; A condensate pump, which is connected to the drain port of the condensate tank through a condensate recovery pipeline, is used to extract the condensate collected in the condensate tank and pressurize it to be transported back to the production process for reuse. The vacuum pump unit has its extraction port connected to the non-condensable gas outlet of the air-cooled island via a gas pipeline, and is used to extract the non-condensable gas inside the air-cooled island.

[0021] For details, please refer to Figure 1In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the high-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set 1 includes a high-speed turbine 6, a gearbox 7, a generator 9, and connecting devices. The inlet end of the high-speed turbine 6 is connected to a steam pipe, which is equipped with an electric isolation valve 2, a filter 3, a flow meter 4, a regulating valve group 5, and necessary detection instruments. When the electric isolation valve 2 and the regulating valve group 5 are open, steam enters the high-speed turbine 6. The generator 9 is connected to the output shaft of the turbine gearbox via a coupling 8. A lubrication station 10 provides uninterrupted lubricating oil to the high-speed turbine 6 and the gearbox 7. The high-temperature lubricating oil passing through the high-speed turbine 6 and the gearbox 7 returns to the heat exchanger within the lubrication station for cooling and reuse. The air-cooled island and the condensate tank are collectively referred to as the condenser 11. The steam inlet of the air-cooled island is connected to the exhaust port of the high-speed turbine 6 via an exhaust pipe. The steam discharged from the high-speed turbine 6 enters the air-cooled island, condenses into water, and is collected in the condensate tank. The condensate pump 12 is connected to the drain outlet of the condensate tank via a pipeline. Necessary valves, instruments, and filters are installed on the pipeline. Turning on the condensate pump 12 allows the condensate in the tank to be pumped out, pressurized, and transported to a designated location. The suction port of the vacuum pump unit 13 is connected to the non-condensable gas outlet of the condenser 11 via a pipeline. An electric valve is installed on the pipeline. Opening the vacuum pump unit 13 and the electric valve on the pipeline allows the non-condensable gas in the condenser 11 to be extracted, maintaining a negative pressure state.

[0022] Furthermore, the upstream steam flows through the flow meter 4, and the main control system of the power generation unit determines the steam distribution direction based on parameters such as flow rate and pressure, as well as the operating status of the high-speed turbine 6. A medium- and low-pressure interconnection bypass valve is set between the final stage and the secondary final stage of the high-speed turbine. When the main process at the front end is predicted to be below 20% load for a relatively long period of time, the medium- and low-pressure interconnection bypass valve is adjusted to disconnect the final stage of the high-speed turbine, and the steam directly enters the air-cooled island from the secondary final stage.

[0023] Steam enters the high-speed turbine 6 via an isolation valve, a quick-closing valve, and a regulating valve on a separate branch of the high-speed cantilever turbine generator set. Inside, after being expanded by the stationary blades, the steam is de-cooled, depressurized, and accelerated, driving the moving blades to rotate at high speed and perform work. The output shaft of the high-speed turbine 6 is reduced to 1500 rpm via a gearbox 7, and drives the generator 9 through a coupling 8. After confirming that the parameters of other equipment in the unit are normal, the generator automatically connects to the grid once the required speed is reached, and the generated electricity is fed to the 10kV bus of the waste heat power generation unit.

[0024] After the high-speed cantilever turbine generator set finishes its work, the steam discharged enters the air-cooled island for condensation and is then recovered to the condensate tank. After being pressurized by the condensate pump 12, it is transported back to the plant process (at the interface between the steam-water system and the downstream) for reuse.

[0025] Furthermore, the lubrication station 10 is equipped with main and auxiliary oil pumps, an AC oil pump, an oil filter, an oil heat exchanger, an oil pressure detection instrument, and an oil temperature detection instrument. When the main oil pump fails, the AC oil pump will start automatically. In the event of a power outage or failure of the main or auxiliary oil pumps, the emergency oil pump will start automatically. Under any operating conditions, the lubrication station 9 can continuously supply lubricating oil below 45°C to the high-speed turbine. When the oil filter differential pressure is high, the oil temperature is high, or the oil pressure is low, the lubrication station 9 can automatically alarm. If necessary, it can interlock and shut down the machine and quickly cut off the steam through the regulating valve group 5.

[0026] Condenser 11 is equipped with its own hot well, condensate expansion tank, and desuperheating and pressure reducing bypass. The steam discharged from the high-speed turbine 6 condenses into water in the condenser and is collected in the hot well. The condensate on the pipeline is collected in the condensate expansion tank and finally enters the condenser hot well. When the unit trips or stops, the regulating valve group 5 is closed, and the steam enters the condenser 11 directly through the desuperheating and pressure reducing bypass to condense into water, preventing steam from being discharged and wasted.

[0027] Condensate pump 12 consists of two variable frequency pumps connected in parallel. Under normal circumstances, one pump operates, and the liquid level in the condenser hot well is automatically controlled by the variable frequency drive; when one pump fails, the other pump starts automatically.

[0028] The working principle of the aforementioned ultra-low load high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system is as follows: Upstream steam passes through a buffer steam distribution cylinder, then through a flow meter, and finally through an isolation valve, a quick-closing valve, and a regulating valve on the branch of the high-speed cantilever turbine generator set before entering the high-speed turbine 6. Inside, after the stationary blades expand, the steam is de-cooled, depressurized, and accelerated, driving the moving blades to rotate at high speed and perform work. The output shaft of the high-speed turbine 6 is reduced to 1500 rpm via a gearbox 7, and then drives the generator 9 through a coupling 8. After confirming that other equipment parameters of the unit are normal, the generator automatically connects to the grid once the required speed is reached, and the generated electricity is fed to the 10kV bus of the waste heat power generation unit. The steam discharged after the high-speed cantilever turbine generator set has performed its final work enters the condenser 11 for condensation, and is then pressurized by the condensate pump 12 and transported back to the plant's process area (at the interface between the steam-water system and the downstream section) for reuse.

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system with ultra-low load, characterized in that, include: A high-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set, wherein the high-speed cantilever waste heat turbine generator set is a multi-stage cantilever turbine generator set, with each stage of moving blades arranged separately in an independent volute, and each volute arranged at the shaft end of the gearbox. The lubricating oil station has its oil supply end connected to the oil inlet end of the high-speed turbine via an oil supply pipeline. It is used to supply lubricating oil to the high-speed turbine and to recover the high-temperature lubricating oil that has passed through the high-speed turbine to the oil tank of the lubricating oil station. After being cooled by a heat exchanger, it is recycled. An air-cooled island, wherein the air inlet of the air-cooled island is connected to the exhaust port of a high-speed turbine via an exhaust pipe; A condensate tank, the inlet of which is connected to the condensate outlet of the air-cooled island via a pipe; A condensate pump, which is connected to the drain port of a condensate tank via a condensate recovery pipeline, is used to extract the condensate collected in the condensate tank and pressurize it to be transported back to the production process for reuse. A vacuum pump unit, wherein the pump port is connected to the non-condensable gas outlet of the condenser via a gas pipeline, is used to extract non-condensable gases from the condenser.

2. The ultra-low load high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-speed turbine is equipped with a medium- and low-pressure connecting bypass valve between the final stage impeller and the secondary final stage impeller. This valve is used to disconnect the final stage impeller at low loads, allowing steam to directly enter the air-cooled island from the secondary final stage impeller.

3. The ultra-low load high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steam inlet of the high-speed turbine is connected to external steam through a steam pipeline. The steam inlet pipeline is equipped with an electric isolation valve, a filter, a flow meter, a regulating valve group and related detection instruments in sequence to control and monitor the state of the steam and ensure that external steam enters the high-speed turbine stably.

4. The ultra-low load high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lubrication station is equipped with a main oil pump, an auxiliary oil pump, and an emergency oil pump to ensure that the lubrication station continuously supplies lubricating oil at a temperature below 45°C to the high-speed turbine.

5. The ultra-low load high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system as described in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The lubrication station is also equipped with an oil filter, an oil heat exchanger, an oil pressure detection instrument, and an oil temperature detection instrument, which are used to monitor the oil pressure and oil temperature of the lubrication station in real time.

6. The ultra-low load high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum pump assembly includes a first screw vacuum pump, a second screw vacuum pump, and a non-condensable gas collection tank. The outlets of the first and second screw vacuum pumps are respectively connected to the inlet of the non-condensable gas collection tank through gas pipelines.

7. The ultra-low load high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The condensate pump includes a first variable frequency pump and a second variable frequency pump, which are connected in parallel to regulate the condensate water level in the condenser hot well.

8. The ultra-low load high-speed cantilever turbine power generation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steam inlet of the high-speed turbine is connected to external steam through a steam pipeline, and the output shaft of the high-speed turbine is connected to the generator through a coupling. The high-speed turbine, generator, and lubrication station are integrated on a single skid, or each piece of equipment is a separate skid, with each skid-mounted device equipped with an independent monitoring and control system.

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