A rotary hydraulic damper with adjustable damping

Abstract

The application provides a rotary hydraulic damper with adjustable damping to solve the problem that the existing rotary hydraulic damper cannot realize 360 continuous rotation; comprising a shell, a rotating shaft and an adjusting valve rod, the inner side wall of the shell is provided with a guide rail, the rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the shell, the rotating shaft is axially provided with an adjusting cavity, and the adjusting cavity is provided with the adjusting valve rod; characterized in that: the outer surface of the rotating shaft is provided with telescopic blades, the telescopic blades are provided with oil through holes, the telescopic blades are provided with a column slide rod which can slide along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, and the column slide rod is provided with an oil through branch which cooperates with the oil through hole; the adjusting cavity wall is provided with a communication hole, and the column slide rod can pass through the communication hole and be driven by the adjusting valve rod. The application is widely applied in the technical field of dampers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydraulic damper technology, specifically to a rotary hydraulic damper with adjustable damping. Background Technology

[0002] Dampers, as important vibration damping assemblies, are widely used in mechanical transmission, bridge design, aerospace vibration reduction, and other fields. Their structure and performance are also among the research hotspots in these fields. Based on their motion mode, dampers can be divided into rotary dampers and linear dampers. Among them, rotary hydraulic dampers are widely used due to their compact structure and large output torque.

[0003] However, traditional rotary hydraulic dampers can only achieve rotation within a certain angle and cannot achieve 360° continuous rotation. Therefore, they cannot be adapted to complex mechanisms that require full-circumference rotation, such as rotary joints of robotic arms and 360° steering mechanisms of aerospace ground equipment.

[0004] For example, Chinese utility model patent CN222732016U discloses a damping-adjustable rotary hydraulic damper. It utilizes a rotating shaft blade and a cylinder baffle to force oil to flow through oil holes on both sides of the blade and the valve stem gap, generating damping; and by manually rotating the valve stem to extend or retract, the coverage area of ​​the oil holes is changed, achieving adjustable damping. However, due to the limitation of the baffle, the rotating shaft cannot achieve continuous 360° rotation. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problem that existing hydraulic dampers cannot achieve 360° continuous rotation, this application adopts the following technical solution: A rotary hydraulic damper with adjustable damping is provided, comprising a housing, a rotating shaft, and an adjusting valve stem. A guide rail is provided on the inner wall of the housing. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the housing, and an adjusting cavity is provided axially on the rotating shaft. An adjusting valve stem is provided within the adjusting cavity. The rotating shaft is characterized by: a retractable blade on its outer surface, through which an oil passage hole is provided. A cylindrical slide rod capable of sliding radially along the rotating shaft is provided within the retractable blade. The cylindrical slide rod has an oil passage branch that mates with the oil passage hole. A connecting hole is provided on the wall of the adjusting cavity, through which the cylindrical slide rod can pass and be driven by the adjusting valve stem.

[0006] Preferably, the retractable blade includes a fixed blade seat, a movable blade, and a first elastic element. The fixed blade seat is arranged along the length direction of the rotation axis, and the end of the fixed blade seat is provided with a groove along the length direction. The movable blade is movably inserted into the groove, and a plurality of first elastic elements are connected between the movable blade and the fixed blade seat.

[0007] Preferably, the fixed blade seat has two oil passages arranged opposite each other, and the movable blade has a corresponding guide hole; the column slide rod includes a slide rod body, an oil passage is provided through the slide rod body, and the two ends of the oil passage protrude from the slide rod body and are inserted into the guide hole.

[0008] Preferably, the end of the regulating valve stem is tapered, and the end of the cylindrical slide rod near the regulating cavity is spherical or tapered.

[0009] Preferably, the movable blade is evenly distributed with several placement slots, one of which is used to place the column slide rod, and a second elastic element is provided between the column slide rod and the movable blade; the remaining placement slots are used to place the first elastic element.

[0010] Preferably, both the first elastic element and the second elastic element include an upper spring seat, a lower spring seat, and a spring connecting the two.

[0011] Preferably, the guide elongated hole extends radially along the movable blade and its length is greater than the diameter of the oil passage hole.

[0012] Preferably, the guide rail consists of two circular arcs with the same center but different radii and two transition curves, with the transition curves smoothly connecting the two circular arcs.

[0013] Preferably, the outer circumference of the tail of the regulating valve stem is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the regulating cavity is provided with a matching internal thread; the end of the tail of the regulating valve stem protrudes outward to form a hexagonal connecting part.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the housing is detachably connected to an end cap, the inner hole of the end cap is provided with an annular sealing groove, and a rotating lip seal ring that slides and seals with the outer circle of the rotating shaft is installed in the sealing groove.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: A retractable blade is provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and the retractable blade has an oil passage hole; a cylindrical slide rod that can slide radially along the rotating shaft is provided inside the retractable blade, and the cylindrical slide rod has an oil passage branch that cooperates with the oil passage hole; the cylindrical slide rod is driven by an adjusting valve rod. When the damper is working, the rotating shaft drives the retractable blade to rotate within the housing. Hydraulic oil on both sides of the retractable blade needs to flow through the oil passage hole and the oil passage branch to generate basic damping force. If damping needs to be adjusted, the adjusting valve rod can be operated to move it axially, thereby driving the cylindrical slide rod to slide radially along the rotating shaft, thus changing the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the oil passage branch and the oil passage hole, and realizing the adjustment of damping force; at the same time, the retractable blade adaptively extends and retracts under the constraint of the guide rail on the inner wall of the housing, ensuring stable operation of the rotating shaft and achieving 360° continuous rotation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A front view schematic diagram of an adjustable rotary hydraulic damper provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Axial sectional view; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 4 for Figure 1 AA sectional view; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure without the outer shell; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shaft and the telescopic blade provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a movable blade provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second elastic element and the columnar slide bar provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a regulating valve stem provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first connector / second connector provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second working state provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of three working states provided for an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Explanation of symbols in the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Adjusting valve stem; 4. Guide rail; 5. Adjusting cavity; 6. Column slide rod; 7. Oil passage; 8. Connecting hole; 9. Fixed blade seat; 10. Movable blade; 11. First elastic element; 12. Groove; 13. Guide elongated hole; 14. Slide rod body; 15. Second elastic element; 16. Upper spring seat; 17. Lower spring seat; 18. External thread; 19. Hexagonal connection part; 20. End cap; 21. Rotary lip seal ring; 22. Transition curve; 23. Large arc; 24. Small arc; 25. Oil passage hole; 26. Placement groove; 27. First retractable blade; 28. Second retractable blade; 29. ​​Third retractable blade; 30. Fourth retractable blade. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] The adjustable rotary hydraulic damper provided in the embodiments of this application will now be described.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary hydraulic damper provided in an embodiment of this application. The damper includes a housing 1, a rotating shaft 2, and an adjusting valve stem 3. A guide rail 4 is provided on the inner side wall of the housing 1. The rotating shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the housing 1. An adjusting cavity 5 is provided axially on the rotating shaft 2, and the adjusting valve stem 3 is provided in the adjusting cavity 5. A telescopic blade is provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 2. An oil passage hole 25 is provided through the telescopic blade. A cylindrical slide rod 6 that can slide radially along the rotating shaft 2 is provided inside the telescopic blade. The cylindrical slide rod 6 has an oil passage 7 that cooperates with the oil passage hole 25. A connecting hole 8 is provided on the wall of the adjusting cavity 5. The cylindrical slide rod 6 can pass through the connecting hole 8 and be driven by the adjusting valve stem 3.

[0023] When the damper is working, the rotating shaft 2 drives the telescopic blades to rotate within the housing 1. Hydraulic oil on both sides of the telescopic blades needs to flow through the oil passage 25 and the oil passage branch 7 to generate basic damping force. If damping needs to be adjusted, the adjusting valve rod 3 can be operated to move it axially, thereby driving the column slide rod 6 to slide radially along the rotating shaft 2, thus changing the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the oil passage branch 7 and the oil passage 25, and realizing the adjustment of damping force. At the same time, the telescopic blades adapt to the extension and retraction under the constraint of the guide rail 4 on the inner wall of the housing 1, ensuring the stable operation of the rotating shaft 2 and realizing 360° continuous rotation.

[0024] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7In one embodiment, the retractable blade includes a fixed blade seat 9, a movable blade 10, and a first elastic element 11. The fixed blade seat 9 is arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft 2, and a groove 12 is provided at the end of the fixed blade seat 9 along the length direction. The movable blade 10 is movably inserted into the groove 12, and a plurality of first elastic elements 11 are connected between the movable blade 10 and the fixed blade seat 9. When the rotating shaft 2 drives the fixed blade seat 9 to rotate, the end of the movable blade 10 contacts the guide rail 4 on the inner wall of the housing 1 and is squeezed by the contour of the guide rail 4. The movable blade 10 will compress the first elastic elements 11 and retract into the groove 12. When the movable blade 10 leaves the squeezing area of ​​the guide rail 4, the first elastic elements 11 will reset and push the movable blade 10 to extend, so that the retractable blade always fits the guide rail 4 and adapts to the rotational movement of the rotating shaft 2. Preferably, the outer edge of the retractable blade adopts an arc design.

[0025] Furthermore, the fixed blade seat 9 can be integrated with the rotating shaft 2. The fixed blade seat 9 is provided with two oil passage holes 25 arranged opposite each other, and the movable blade 10 is provided with a corresponding guide elongated hole 13.

[0026] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The column slide rod 6 includes a slide rod body 14, with an oil passage 7 running through the slide rod body 14. The two ends of the oil passage 7 protrude from the slide rod body 14 and are inserted into the guide elongated hole 13.

[0027] When the column slide rod 6 is working, the oil passage 7 of its slide rod body 14 is inserted into the guide elongated hole 13 through the protruding parts at both ends and slides along the hole. It not only achieves radial sliding guidance with the help of the guide elongated hole 13, but also adjusts the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the oil through the oil passage 7 and the oil passage 25 by changing the relative position of the oil passage 7 and the oil passage 25, thereby meeting the damping force adjustment requirements.

[0028] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 9 The end of the regulating valve stem 3 is tapered, and the end of the cylindrical slide rod 6 near the regulating cavity 5 is a spherical or tapered surface. When damping needs to be adjusted, the regulating valve stem 3 is operated to move it axially along the rotating shaft 2. Its tapered end will contact the spherical or tapered surface and generate a squeezing force. This force is converted into the power to drive the cylindrical slide rod 6 to slide radially along the rotating shaft 2, thereby realizing the radial sliding of the cylindrical slide rod 6.

[0029] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8The movable blade 10 has several placement slots 26 evenly distributed. One placement slot 26 is used to place the column slide rod 6. A second elastic element 15 is provided between the column slide rod 6 and the movable blade 10. When the regulating valve rod 3 releases the pressure on the column slide rod 6, the second elastic element 15 can push the column slide rod 6 back to its original position. The remaining placement slots 26 are used to place the first elastic element 11, which provides elastic support and reset power for the telescopic movement of the movable blade 10 relative to the fixed blade seat 9.

[0030] Specifically, please refer to Figure 10 The first elastic element 11 and the second elastic element 15 differ only in size; the second elastic element 15 is smaller than the first elastic element 11. Both include an upper spring seat 16, a lower spring seat 17, and a spring (not shown in the figure) connecting them. The upper and lower spring seats of the first elastic element 11 are connected to the movable blade 10 and the fixed blade seat 9, respectively. The upper and lower spring seats of the second elastic element 15 are connected to the movable blade 10 and the cylindrical slide rod 6, respectively. The elastic force is transmitted using the extension and retraction characteristics of the spring, providing stable elastic support for the extension and retraction of the movable blade 10 and the return of the cylindrical slide rod 6. Furthermore, the spring seats prevent wear caused by direct contact between the spring and other components, extending the service life of the elastic elements. Specifically, the upper spring seat 16 is fitted onto the lower spring seat 17, and the spring is placed within the cavity formed by the two.

[0031] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 The guide elongated hole 13 extends radially along the movable blade 10 and its length is greater than the diameter of the oil passage 25. The guide elongated hole 13 provides sliding guidance for the oil passage branch 7, ensuring that the column slide rod 6 does not deviate when moving radially.

[0032] In one embodiment, the guide rail 4 is composed of two circular arcs with the same center but different radii and two transition curves 22. The transition curves 22 smoothly connect the two circular arcs, forming a closed trajectory that is adapted to continuous 360° rotation.

[0033] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 9 The regulating valve stem 3 has an external thread 18 on its outer circumference at the tail end, and a matching internal thread on the inner wall of the regulating cavity 5. The tail end of the regulating valve stem 3 protrudes outward to form a hexagonal connecting part 19. The regulating valve stem 3 can move axially to achieve damping adjustment by engaging the external thread 18 at the tail end with the internal thread on the inner wall of the regulating cavity 5 and rotating with the regulating tool using the hexagonal connecting part 19 at the tail end.

[0034] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The top of the housing 1 is detachably connected to an end cap 20. The inner hole of the end cap 20 is provided with an annular sealing groove. The sealing groove is equipped with a rotating lip seal ring 21 that slides and seals with the outer circle of the rotating shaft 2 to prevent oil leakage and ensure stable operation of the damper.

[0035] When the rotating shaft 2 of the rotary hydraulic damper of this application rotates, the telescopic blades generate regular radial telescopic motion under the constraint of the guide rail 4. The volumes between the telescopic blades change continuously, thereby forming periodically changing high-pressure and low-pressure zones, achieving a continuous fluid damping effect.

[0036] In one embodiment, the two transition curves 22 of the guide rail 4 on the inner wall of the housing 1 are symmetrically distributed about the center at 180°, and the central angles corresponding to the transition curves 22, the large arc 23, and the small arc 24 are all 90°. There are four retractable blades, namely the first retractable blade 27, the second retractable blade 28, the third retractable blade 29, and the fourth retractable blade 30. When the rotating shaft 2 rotates clockwise, it will drive the retractable blades to rotate. The rotation of the retractable blades mainly exists in the following three working states: (1) Please refer to Figure 4 The first retractable blade 27 and the second retractable blade 28 are located at the connection points of the small arc 24 and the two transition curves 22, respectively. The third retractable blade 29 and the fourth retractable blade 30 are located at the connection points of the large arc 23 and the two transition curves 22, respectively. This is the first working state.

[0037] In this state, the area between the first retractable blade 27 and the second retractable blade 28 is compressed, forming a high-pressure zone, while the remaining area expands, forming a low-pressure zone. The first retractable blade 27 and the second retractable blade 28 are located at the boundary between the high-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone, and are both subjected to liquid pressure; the liquid pressure in the high-pressure zone on the first retractable blade 27 is opposite to the direction of rotation, and is a damping force.

[0038] (2) Please refer to Figure 11 The first retractable blade 27 and the third retractable blade 29 slide on the small arc 24 and the large arc 23 respectively, while the second retractable blade 28 and the fourth retractable blade 30 slide on the two transition curves 22 respectively. The second retractable blade 28 and the fourth retractable blade 30 have retractable movement in the radial direction. This is the second working state.

[0039] At this point, the areas between the first retractable blade 27 and the fourth retractable blade 30, and between the fourth retractable blade 30 and the third retractable blade 29, are compressed, forming two high-pressure zones; the remaining areas are low-pressure zones. The first retractable blade 27 and the third retractable blade 29 are located at the boundary between the high-pressure and low-pressure zones and are subjected to liquid pressure. The high-pressure liquid pressure on the third retractable blade 29 is opposite to the direction of rotation and is a damping force.

[0040] (3) Please refer to Figure 12The first retractable blade 27 slides from the small arc 24 to the junction of the small arc 24 and the transition curve 22. The fourth retractable blade 30 slides from the transition curve 22 to the junction of the small arc 24 and the transition curve 22. The second retractable blade 28 and the third retractable blade 29 are located at the junction of the large arc 23 and the transition curve 22, respectively. This is the third working state.

[0041] At this time, the area between the first retractable blade 27 and the fourth retractable blade 30 is compressed, which is a high-pressure area, and the remaining area is a low-pressure area. The first retractable blade 27 and the fourth retractable blade 30 are located at the connection between the small arc 24 and the two transition curves 22, respectively, and are both subjected to liquid pressure. The liquid pressure in the high-pressure area of ​​the fourth retractable blade 30 is opposite to the direction of movement and is a damping force.

[0042] As the retractable blades continue to rotate, they will repeat the above three states, continuously propelling the liquid to flow between the cavities formed by the retractable blades and the shell, and maintaining stable high-pressure and low-pressure zones.

[0043] The working process of this utility model for controllable variable damping is as follows: When the conical end of the regulating valve stem 3 does not contact the column slide rod 6, the oil passage 7 of the column slide rod 6 corresponds perfectly with the first oil passage 25 of the telescopic blade, the flow cross-sectional area is the largest, the oil flow is the largest, the pressure difference between the two ends of the telescopic blade is the smallest, and the damping force is the smallest at this time.

[0044] When the rotating regulating valve stem 3 moves axially, and the conical end begins to contact the column slide rod 6 and push it to move radially outward, the area corresponding to the oil passage 7 of the column slide rod 6 and the oil passage hole 25 of the telescopic blade gradually decreases, the flow cross-sectional area gradually decreases, the pressure difference between the two ends of the telescopic blade gradually increases, and the damping force gradually increases accordingly.

[0045] When the regulating valve stem 3 continues to move axially, the conical end pushes the column slide rod 6 to the point where the oil passage branch 7 does not correspond to the first oil passage hole 25 at all. At this point, the flow cross-sectional area is at its minimum, the oil flow is at its minimum, the pressure difference between the two ends of the telescopic blade is at its maximum, and the damping force reaches its maximum.

[0046] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A damping-adjustable rotary hydraulic damper, comprising a housing, a rotating shaft, and an adjusting valve stem, wherein a guide rail is provided on the inner sidewall of the housing, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the housing, the rotating shaft has an axially provided adjusting cavity, and the adjusting valve stem is provided in the adjusting cavity; characterized in that: The outer surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a retractable blade, and the retractable blade is provided with an oil passage hole. Inside the retractable blade is a cylindrical slide rod that can slide radially along the rotating shaft. The cylindrical slide rod is provided with an oil passage that cooperates with the oil passage hole. The wall of the adjusting cavity is provided with a connecting hole, and the cylindrical slide rod can pass through the connecting hole and be driven by the adjusting valve rod.

2. The adjustable rotary hydraulic damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retractable blade includes a fixed blade seat, a movable blade, and a first elastic element. The fixed blade seat is arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft, and a groove is provided at the end of the fixed blade seat along the length direction. The movable blade is movably inserted into the groove, and a plurality of the first elastic elements are connected between the movable blade and the fixed blade seat.

3. The adjustable rotary hydraulic damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed blade seat has two oil passages arranged opposite each other, and the movable blade has a corresponding guide hole; the column slide rod includes a slide rod body, on which the oil passage is provided through, and the two ends of the oil passage protrude from the slide rod body and are inserted into the guide hole.

4. The adjustable rotary hydraulic damper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the regulating valve stem is tapered, and the end of the cylindrical slide rod near the regulating cavity is spherical or tapered.

5. The adjustable rotary hydraulic damper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable blade is evenly distributed with several placement slots, one of which is used to place the column slide rod, and a second elastic element is provided between the column slide rod and the movable blade; the remaining placement slots are used to place the first elastic element.

6. The adjustable rotary hydraulic damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the first elastic element and the second elastic element include an upper spring seat, a lower spring seat, and a spring connecting the two.

7. The adjustable rotary hydraulic damper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide elongated hole extends radially along the movable blade and has a length greater than the diameter of the oil passage hole.

8. The adjustable rotary hydraulic damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail consists of two circular arcs with the same center but different radii and two transition curves, which smoothly connect the two circular arcs.

9. A damping-adjustable rotary hydraulic damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating valve stem has an external thread on its outer periphery and a matching internal thread on the inner wall of the regulating cavity; the end of the regulating valve stem protrudes outward to form a hexagonal connecting part.

10. A damping-adjustable rotary hydraulic damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the housing is detachably connected to an end cap, and the inner hole of the end cap is provided with an annular sealing groove, and a rotating lip seal ring that slides and seals with the outer circle of the rotating shaft is installed in the sealing groove.

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