Super-large oil cylinder sealing guide structure

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydraulic cylinders, in particular to a super-large oil cylinder sealing guide structure arranged between a guide sleeve, a sealing gland and a piston rod, which comprises multiple guide pieces and multiple sealing pieces, the multiple guide pieces are arranged between the guide sleeve and the piston rod and between the sealing gland and the piston rod respectively, the multiple sealing pieces are arranged between the guide sleeve and the piston rod and between the sealing gland and the piston rod respectively, and the guide pieces and the sealing pieces between the piston rod and the guide sleeve and the sealing gland are arranged alternately. According to the application, a cross support structure of'strong support + sealing + support + sealing' is arranged between the piston rod and the guide sleeve and between the piston rod and the sealing gland along the axial direction of the piston rod, the 'cross support' structure alleviates the damage of initial large impact to the sealing ring, realizes non-biased support of the self gravity of the piston rod in the guide section, makes the stress of the sealing ring uniform, alleviates the transient impact work under the action of lateral force and impact load, and avoids permanent damage of initial large impact to the sealing ring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydraulic cylinder technology, and in particular to a sealing and guiding structure for an extra-large hydraulic cylinder. Background Technology

[0002] Piling construction at sea or in rivers is currently the main application of hydraulic cylinders on piling vessels. The construction environment and working purpose of such hydraulic cylinders require that their guide support structure can withstand strong impact loads, and their sealing structure can be waterproof and dustproof under long-term high pressure.

[0003] Currently, large hydraulic cylinders are divided into guide sections and sealing sections. The guide section supports the piston rod and is located on the side close to the cylinder cavity. The guide support of the guide section is generally a single guide band or a single copper sleeve support. The sealing section commonly uses a narrow sealing structure of buffer ring + rod sealing ring + dustproof ring, and the seal is mostly concentrated near the cylinder rod head side.

[0004] For large hydraulic cylinders, which have long strokes and guide distances, existing large hydraulic cylinders using a single guide band (ring) support structure are insufficient to resist lateral forces, and a single copper sleeve support structure is costly. Furthermore, commonly used narrow sealing structures have limited waterproofing and leak-proof capabilities under long-term high-pressure environments, posing a risk of contaminants entering the system and oil leakage. Further, when the hydraulic cylinder is subjected to lateral forces, the force on the guide section gradually decreases from the rod head side to the cavity side. When the cylinder stroke and guide distance are long, the piston rod's own weight and strong lateral impacts and alternating loads can cause uneven wear on the guide section. The weaker support effect on the rod head side of the guide section leads to more severe uneven wear, potentially causing cylinder scoring. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that the existing hydraulic cylinder guide support is concentrated on the side of the hydraulic cylinder cavity. In terms of sealing, the seals are usually narrow seals and concentrated on the rod head side of the guide section, which results in insufficient anti-fouling and anti-leakage capabilities of the hydraulic cylinder. The guide support layout is concentrated on one side, which causes uneven force on the guide section when the hydraulic cylinder is subjected to lateral force and alternating load, resulting in uneven wear, cylinder scoring and oil leakage.

[0006] Therefore, this utility model provides a sealing guide structure for an extra-large hydraulic cylinder.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: A sealing and guiding structure for an extra-large hydraulic cylinder is disposed between a guide sleeve, a sealing gland, and a piston rod. It includes multiple guide components and multiple seals. The multiple guide components are respectively disposed between the guide sleeve and the piston rod, and between the sealing gland and the piston rod. The multiple seals are respectively disposed between the guide sleeve and the piston rod, and between the sealing gland and the piston rod. The guide components and seals between the piston rod and the guide sleeve and the sealing gland are staggered.

[0008] Furthermore, the sealing gland is provided with a screw plug and an oil cup, and a buffer ring is provided between the sealing gland and the piston rod. The screw plug and the oil cup are respectively located on the left and right sides of the buffer ring.

[0009] Furthermore, there are two screw plugs, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the buffer ring, and the oil cup is located to the right of the right screw plug.

[0010] Furthermore, the seal provided between the sealing gland and the piston rod includes a first rod sealing ring, which is disposed between the oil cup and the screw plug on the right side.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide member disposed between the sealing gland and the piston rod includes a guide ring, which is disposed to the left of the screw plug located on the left side.

[0012] Furthermore, the guide component disposed between the guide sleeve and the piston rod includes a copper sleeve and a copper ring, wherein the copper ring is disposed on the side of the copper sleeve near the sealing gland.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide component disposed between the guide sleeve and the piston rod also includes a guide band, which is disposed on the side of the copper sleeve away from the copper ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the seal provided between the guide sleeve and the piston rod includes a second rod sealing ring, which is disposed between the copper sleeve and the copper ring, and is configured as a V-ring.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple retaining rings are provided between the sealing gland and the guide sleeve, and the multiple retaining rings are arranged along the axial direction of the guide sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, a dustproof ring is provided at the end of the sealing cap away from the bottom of the guide sleeve, and the dustproof ring is located between the sealing cap and the piston rod.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that, along the piston rod axial direction, a cross-support structure of "strong support + sealing + support + sealing" is set between the piston rod and the guide sleeve, and between the piston rod and the sealing gland. This cross-support structure mitigates damage to the sealing ring from the initial large impact. The cross-support structure enables non-biased support of the piston rod's own weight in the guide section, ensuring uniform force on the sealing ring, reducing the cylinder starting pressure, and mitigating the transient impact energy under lateral forces and impact loads, thus avoiding permanent damage to the sealing ring from the initial large impact.

[0018] The "cross-seal" structure provides excellent sealing performance under long-term lateral force and alternating load. This structure allows for division of labor between the left and right sides: the V-shaped seal on the cavity side resists the thrust within the cavity, while the three-seal structure on the rod head side withstands the impact of piston rod flexural deformation and scrapes away the piston rod oil film, ultimately achieving a good sealing effect for the cylinder.

[0019] The use of a guide belt + copper sleeve support structure reduces costs and extends service life. Compared to a full copper sleeve support, this structure also achieves good support performance. Using copper sleeve support in areas subject to long-term lateral forces and alternating loads, while using guide belt support elsewhere, effectively reduces costs. Compared to a full guide belt support, the copper sleeve offers better resistance to pressure and uneven wear, effectively extending the service life of the guide structure.

[0020] Furthermore, a three-groove structure with a screw plug and oil cup is set on the sealing gland. The three grooves, combined with the buffer ring structure, improve service life. Compared with a single groove and buffer ring, this structure can achieve better pressure buffering and release. Under the high-frequency, heavy-load, and frequent start-stop conditions of extra-large piling vessels, it can effectively reduce cylinder vibration, increase cylinder service life, and reduce the probability of on-site hydraulic cylinder failure. The groove on the left side of the buffer ring can provide early warning of cylinder oil leakage caused by failure of the left V-ring, and also provide early warning of water ingress due to failure of the rod seal ring. The groove on the left side of the dustproof ring can provide early warning of oil leakage due to failure of the left rod seal ring, and also provide early warning of water and mud ingress due to failure of the dustproof ring. The three grooves also play a role in sewage discharge, providing a three-layer isolation effect against contaminants entering the cylinder, completely isolating the possibility of external dust entering the cylinder. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Guide sleeve; 2. Sealing gland; 3. Piston rod; 4. Dust seal; 5. O-ring; 6. Sealing ring for the first rod; 7. Buffer ring; 8. Oil cup; 9. Plug; 10. Guide ring; 11. Copper ring; 12. Sealing ring for the second rod; 13. Copper sleeve; 14. Guide band. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] A sealing and guiding structure for an extra-large hydraulic cylinder is disposed between the piston rod 3, the guide sleeve 1, and the sealing gland 2. Specifically, it includes a dustproof ring 4, a sealing element, and a guide element. The guide element includes a guide band 14, a copper sleeve 13, a copper ring 11, and a guide ring 10. The sealing element includes multiple rod sealing rings and O-rings 5.

[0028] The sealing cap 2 is inserted into one end of the guide sleeve 1. The O-ring 5 is set between the guide sleeve 1 and the sealing cap 2. Multiple O-rings 5 ​​are set along the axial direction of the guide sleeve 1. In this embodiment, two O-rings 5 ​​are set. The O-ring 5 near the opening of the guide sleeve 1 is used to block water from the external environment from entering the guide sleeve 1. The other O-ring 5 is used to prevent the guide sleeve 1 from leaking oil.

[0029] The sealing gland 2 is provided with an oil cup 8 and a screw plug 9. In this embodiment, there are two screw plugs 9 and one oil cup 8. The screw plugs 9 and the oil cup 8 are located outside the guide sleeve 1 and are arranged alternately along the direction away from the opening of the guide sleeve 1 (from left to right). A buffer ring 7 is provided between the sealing gland 2 and the piston rod 3. The oil cup 8 and the two screw plugs 9 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the buffer ring 7. Specifically, the screw plug 9 is located on the side closer to the opening of the guide sleeve 1, the buffer ring 7 is located between the two screw plugs 9, and a first rod sealing ring 6 is provided between the screw plug 9 and the oil cup 8.

[0030] The dustproof ring 4 is set on the side of the sealing cover 2 away from the bottom of the guide sleeve 1. The dustproof ring 4 is embedded in the inner wall of the sealing cover 2 to prevent external dust from entering between the piston rod 3 and the sealing cover 2, thereby preventing dust from entering the guide sleeve 1. Multiple dustproof rings 4 can be continuously spaced along the axial direction of the guide sleeve 1. In this embodiment, two dustproof rings 4 are provided. The dustproof ring 4 is set on the side of the oil cup 8 away from the bottom of the guide sleeve 1.

[0031] A guide ring 10 is disposed between the sealing gland 2 and the piston rod 3. Multiple guide rings 10 are arranged axially along the guide sleeve 1, and the guide rings 10 are located to the left of the screw plug 9. A copper ring 11 is connected to one end of the sealing gland 2 inserted into the guide sleeve 1. A copper sleeve 13 and a guide band 14 are disposed between the guide sleeve 1 and the piston rod 3, with the copper sleeve 13 located on the side of the guide band 14 closer to the sealing gland 2. Furthermore, a second rod sealing ring 12 is disposed between the copper sleeve 13 and the copper ring 11. The second rod sealing ring 12 is configured as a V-shaped seal, with its V-shaped opening facing the bottom of the guide sleeve 1.

[0032] The entire guide structure forms a cross-support structure from left to right: "strong support (guide belt 14, copper sleeve 13) + sealing (second rod sealing ring 12) + support (copper ring 11, guide ring 10) + sealing (first rod sealing ring 6)". The advantage of this structure is that when the piston rod 3 is subjected to large lateral forces and alternating loads, the impact energy is first transferred to the guide ring 10, instantly relieving the surrounding seals from impact. Then, the alternating impact energy is transferred to the copper sleeve 13 and guide belt 14 on the right side, which is the area where lateral forces and alternating loads act for extended periods. Since the copper sleeve 13 is located to the right of the guide belt 14, it is the first to receive lateral impact energy and is the main component resisting impact wear, greatly alleviating the support pressure on the left guide belt 14, extending its service life, and providing excellent support.

[0033] In the sealing structure of this application, the first rod uses a sealing ring 6, a dustproof ring 4, and a buffer ring 7 to form a three-seal configuration, which, together with the support ring, constitutes a cross-sealing structure. The advantage of this is that each component has a clear function. The V-shaped seal of the second rod using the sealing ring 12 can perfectly resist the internal pressure generated by the cavity and the external pressure generated by lateral forces. Since the thrust generated by the internal pressure of the cavity is as high as 37650KN, conventional narrow sealing structures cannot guarantee the sealing effect. The V-shaped rod sealing ring has reliable structural stability and can achieve a good sealing effect under strong thrust. The three-seal structure is a narrow sealing structure with good pressure relief and rebound effect. Its position is on the guide section near the rod head. When the piston rod 3 is subjected to lateral forces and alternating load impacts, its flexibility is first transmitted to the end near the rod head. The three-seal area is subjected to alternating loads for a long time. If only a V-shaped rod sealing ring is used, it is easy for the sealing ring to permanently deform, leading to oil leakage from the cylinder. However, the three-seal structure, due to its good rebound effect, can guarantee sealing performance. In addition, since the V-shaped rod seal ring can easily cause the piston rod 3 to form a thick oil film, resulting in false leakage, the three-seal structure can scrape off most of the oil film on the piston rod 3 to prevent false leakage.

[0034] This structure adds three grooves on the left and right sides of the buffer ring 7, and equips them with screw plugs 9 and oil cups 8. The hydraulic cylinders of extra-large piling vessels frequently start and stop during daily operation and are subjected to severe lateral forces and alternating impact loads. Compared to the past single-groove oil cup assembly, this three-groove design with the buffer ring 7 allows for phased buffering, resulting in smoother pressure changes. This avoids the instantaneous impact caused by a sudden pressure rise, which can lead to wear, reduced service life of the buffer ring 7, and cylinder vibration issues associated with a single-groove buffer ring 7. Screw plugs 9 are installed in the grooves on the left and right sides of the buffer ring 7. On-site personnel can periodically disassemble the screw plugs 9 to observe whether the guide components, sealing components, and buffer ring 7 are worn and leaking, allowing for timely maintenance of the worn ring. The screw plug is located above the groove on the right side of the buffer ring 7. 9 can also observe whether the first rod sealing ring 6 has failed and is leaking oil, and promptly discharge the oil out of the oil cylinder. In addition, the screw plugs 9 and the grooves of the oil cup 8 on both sides of the first rod sealing ring 6 can also realize the function of rinsing dust and foreign objects, preventing foreign objects from entering the oil cylinder and contaminating the oil after the seal fails. By observing and rinsing the grooves, foreign objects can be discharged out of the oil cylinder. Compared with the past single groove with buffer ring 7 and oil cup 8, the difficulty of troubleshooting oil leakage problems and maintenance costs are reduced. The groove of the oil cup 8 hole is often filled with grease. In the past, if contaminants entered the single groove with buffer ring 7, the entire sealing system would be contaminated. However, with three grooves and buffer ring 7, and a dustproof ring 4 added in front of the groove of oil cup 8, contaminants will at most damage the dustproof ring 4, which can protect the subsequent sealing system and has excellent anti-fouling and dustproof capabilities.

[0035] In summary, this application employs a "cross-support" structure to mitigate damage to the sealing ring from the initial large impact. The "cross-support" structure enables the guide section piston rod 3 to be supported by its own weight without bias, ensuring uniform stress on the sealing ring. It also mitigates the transient impact energy under lateral forces and impact loads, preventing permanent damage to the sealing ring from the initial large impact.

[0036] The "cross-support" structure provides excellent sealing performance under long-term lateral force and alternating load. The "cross-support" structure allows for left-right division of labor: the V-shaped section on the cavity side resists the thrust within the cavity, while the three-seal structure on the rod head side withstands the impact of the piston rod's flexible deformation and scrapes away the oil film from the piston rod, ultimately achieving a good sealing effect for the cylinder.

[0037] The design of the three grooves enables real-time monitoring of the failure of the second rod sealing ring 12, the buffer ring 7, and the first rod sealing ring 6. It can not only drain the leaked oil, but also drain the scraped piston rod oil film. At the same time, it has a foreign matter flushing function to wash away dust and mud from the oil cylinder in a timely manner, avoiding the possibility of mud and sand deposits contaminating the oil, and ultimately achieving a good failure monitoring effect for the oil cylinder.

[0038] The use of a guide belt 14 + copper sleeve 13 support structure reduces costs and extends service life. Compared to a full copper sleeve 13 support structure, this structure also achieves good support performance. Using the copper sleeve 13 support in areas subject to long-term lateral forces and alternating loads, while using the guide belt 14 support elsewhere, effectively reduces costs. Compared to a full guide belt 14 support structure, the copper sleeve 13 offers better resistance to compression and uneven wear, effectively extending the service life of the guide structure.

[0039] The structure employing a three-groove design with a buffer ring 7 improves service life. Compared to a single-groove design with a buffer ring 7, this structure achieves better pressure buffering and release. Under the high-frequency, heavy-load, frequent start-stop, and dirty working conditions of extra-large piling vessels, it can effectively reduce cylinder vibration, increase cylinder service life, and reduce the difficulty of troubleshooting on-site problems. In addition, the three-seal design enables real-time monitoring of the failure of the second rod sealing ring 12, the buffer ring 7, and the first rod sealing ring 6. It can both drain leaked oil and drain the scraped piston rod oil film. Specifically, the groove on the left side of the buffer ring 7 can provide early warning of oil leakage caused by the failure of the left V-ring, and also provide early warning of water ingress due to the failure of the second rod sealing ring 12. The groove on the left side of the dustproof ring 4 can provide early warning of oil leakage caused by the failure of the left first rod sealing ring 6, and also provide early warning of water and mud ingress due to the failure of the dustproof ring 4. The three grooves also serve as a sewage discharge function, providing a three-layer isolation effect against contaminants entering the oil cylinder, completely isolating the possibility of external dust entering the oil cylinder, and ultimately achieving good failure monitoring and maintenance results for the oil cylinder.

[0040] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A sealing and guiding structure for an extra-large hydraulic cylinder, characterized in that, The device is positioned between the guide sleeve (1), the sealing cap (2), and the piston rod (3), and includes multiple guide components and multiple seals. The multiple guide components are respectively positioned between the guide sleeve (1) and the piston rod (3), and between the sealing cap (2) and the piston rod (3). The multiple seals are respectively positioned between the guide sleeve (1) and the piston rod (3), and between the sealing cap (2) and the piston rod (3). The guide components and seals between the piston rod (3) and the guide sleeve (1) and the sealing cap (2) are staggered.

2. The extra-large hydraulic cylinder sealing and guiding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing cap (2) is provided with a screw plug (9) and an oil cup (8). A buffer ring (7) and a first rod sealing ring (6) are provided between the sealing cap (2) and the piston rod (3). The screw plug (9) and the oil cup (8) are located on the left and right sides of the buffer ring (7) and the first rod sealing ring (6).

3. The extra-large hydraulic cylinder sealing guide structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Four screw plugs (9) are arranged circumferentially along the sealing cover (2). Along the axial direction of the sealing cover (2), the screw plugs (9) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the buffer ring (7), and the oil cup (8) is arranged on the right side of the screw plug (9) located on the right side.

4. The extra-large hydraulic cylinder sealing and guiding structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first rod is fitted with a sealing ring (6) between the oil cup (8) and the screw plug (9) on the right side.

5. The extra-large hydraulic cylinder sealing guide structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide member disposed between the sealing cap (2) and the piston rod (3) includes a guide ring (10), which is disposed to the left of the screw plug (9) located on the left side.

6. The extra-large hydraulic cylinder sealing guide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide component provided between the guide sleeve (1) and the piston rod (3) includes a copper sleeve (13) and a copper ring (11), wherein the copper ring (11) is provided on the side of the copper sleeve (13) near the sealing cap (2).

7. The extra-large hydraulic cylinder sealing guide structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide component disposed between the guide sleeve (1) and the piston rod (3) also includes a guide belt (14), which is disposed on the side of the copper sleeve (13) away from the copper ring (11).

8. The extra-large hydraulic cylinder sealing guide structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sealing element provided between the guide sleeve (1) and the piston rod (3) includes a second rod sealing ring (12), which is provided between the copper sleeve (13) and the copper ring (11), and is configured as a V-ring.

9. The extra-large hydraulic cylinder sealing guide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple retaining rings are provided between the sealing cap (2) and the guide sleeve (1), and the multiple retaining rings are arranged along the axial direction of the guide sleeve (1).

10. The extra-large hydraulic cylinder sealing guide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A dustproof ring (4) is provided at one end of the sealing cap (2) away from the bottom of the guide sleeve (1), and the dustproof ring (4) is located between the sealing cap (2) and the piston rod (3).

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