A high-precision tunnel face perpendicularity detection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to tunnel engineering technical field discloses a kind of high-precision tunnel face of tunnel perpendicularity detection device, including multiple support cylinders, multiple electric cylinders are installed in the inside of multiple support cylinders, multiple electric cylinder output end is fixedly connected with lifting rod, multiple lifting rod outer wall is fixedly connected with limiting rod, the limiting rod outer wall sliding connection is in support cylinder inside, the outer wall of adjacent two support cylinders is equipped with connecting mechanism, the lifting rod outer wall sliding connection has sleeve, the sleeve upper surface is fixedly connected with bearing frame, the bearing frame upper surface is fixedly connected with measuring instrument one. In the utility model, the perpendicularity of face and equipment itself is detected by double measuring instruments respectively. Its quick-release mechanism realizes the quick assembly and disassembly of bearing frame using spring, and the connecting mechanism facilitates the folding and storage of multiple support cylinders. This effectively solves the problem of large structure, disassembly and transportation inconvenience of traditional device, and improves the practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and in particular to a high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction, regardless of whether drill-and-blast, shield tunneling, or cantilever tunneling is used, the flatness and verticality of the excavated face are critical quality control indicators. A vertical and regular face is the foundation for the smooth implementation of subsequent procedures (such as system anchor installation, steel mesh laying, and initial shotcrete support). It directly affects the tunnel's axial accuracy and the stability of the surrounding rock, and effectively avoids secondary treatment and material waste caused by under-excavation or over-excavation. It is of paramount importance for ensuring project quality, controlling costs, and ensuring construction safety.

[0003] Currently, traditional techniques for detecting the verticality of tunnel faces at construction sites typically rely on specific measuring equipment and auxiliary supports. For example, a common method involves using a laser line projector or laser rangefinder with a dedicated support or tripod. The principle is that a metal support is manually assembled and leveled on stable ground near the tunnel face, and the laser instrument is fixed to the support. Then, by adjusting the instrument's pitch and azimuth, it projects one or more vertical laser reference lines onto the tunnel face. Surveyors then use rulers or visual comparison to determine the degree of deviation of each point on the tunnel face from this reference line, thus assessing the overall verticality. The core of this process lies in establishing a stable and accurate measurement benchmark.

[0004] However, these traditional testing devices, which rely on temporary on-site assembly of supports, generally suffer from significant problems in practical applications, including large structures, cumbersome installation and disassembly processes, and inconvenience in storage and transportation. The internal environment of tunnels is complex, with often uneven ground, narrow spaces, and dim lighting. Under these conditions, assembling traditional supports, which consist of multiple rods, bolts, and fasteners, not only requires a significant amount of time and manpower but is also extremely inconvenient, greatly reducing the efficiency of testing work. After testing, disassembling, transporting, and removing the massive supports from tunnels several kilometers long is equally arduous. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device, which aims to improve the traditional detection device's bulky structure, cumbersome installation and disassembly, and greatly reduced work efficiency in the complex tunnel environment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device, comprising multiple support cylinders, each of the multiple support cylinders having an electric cylinder installed inside, each of the multiple electric cylinders having a lifting rod fixedly connected to its output end, each of the multiple lifting rods having a limit rod fixedly connected to its outer wall, the limit rod being slidably connected to the inside of the support cylinder, each of two adjacent support cylinders having a connecting mechanism installed on its outer wall, a sleeve being slidably connected to the outer wall of the lifting rod, a bearing frame being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sleeve, a measuring instrument one being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bearing frame, a measuring instrument two being fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bearing frame, and a quick-release mechanism being installed inside the sleeve; The quick-release mechanism includes a rod, the outer wall of which penetrates the inside of the sleeve and is slidably connected to a lock hole inside the lifting rod. One end of the rod is fixedly connected to a housing, a spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the rod, and a handle is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the housing.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the quick-release mechanism and the support frame equipped with dual measuring instruments work together to achieve rapid deployment and stable bearing effect of the high-precision measuring unit, ensuring the high efficiency, convenience and accuracy of the face verticality detection.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes two connecting shafts. One side of the outer wall of each connecting shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of two adjacent support cylinders. A limiting shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting shaft. A connecting plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of one connecting shaft. The connecting plate is internally slidably connected to the outer wall of one limiting shaft. A connecting plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the other connecting shaft. The connecting plate is internally slidably connected to the outer wall of another limiting shaft.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the connecting plate one and the connecting plate two achieve the effect of quickly folding and storing multiple support cylinders and unfolding them for stable support by coordinating the rotation and sliding on the two connecting shafts.

[0010] Preferably, a support plate is rotatably connected to one side of the outer wall of each of the plurality of support cylinders, an anti-slip seat is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of each support plate, and an anti-detachment rod is slidably connected inside the anti-slip seat.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the flipping and unfolding of the support plate and the close contact between the anti-slip seat and the ground work together to effectively expand the support area at the bottom of the equipment and enhance the friction with the ground.

[0012] Preferably, a second sleeve is rotatably connected inside the support plate, and a sliding rod is slidably connected inside the second sleeve.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the internal accommodating space constructed by the second casing and the sliding rod that can move linearly inside it cooperate with each other to achieve the effect of providing a basic force transmission path and guiding function for the subsequent anchoring mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the slide rod is fixedly connected to a lead screw, and one end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to a positioning pin via a hinge bolt. A limit post is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the support cylinder, and the positioning pin is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limit post.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: the thrust transmitted by the sliding rod and the sharp structure of the positioning pin work together to realize the effect of converting the linear driving force into a piercing and anchoring action on the ground, so that the device can be firmly fixed on the tunnel ground to prevent displacement. The setting of the limiting column can prevent the positioning pin from shifting and achieve the effect of longitudinal sliding.

[0016] Preferably, the lead screw is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve on its outer wall, a housing three is rotatably connected to one side of the threaded sleeve, and a spring three is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution: the rotational motion of the threaded sleeve and the elastic compression of the spring three work together to transform the manual rotational operation into a continuous and stable preload.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the spring three abuts against one side of the inner wall of the housing two, and the other end of the spring three abuts against one side of the inner wall of the housing three.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution: the fixed support end provided by the second casing and the movable compression end provided by the third casing cooperate with each other to achieve the effect of defining the working range of the third spring and enabling it to effectively compress and store energy, thereby precisely applying elastic energy to the slide rod to drive the positioning pin to anchor stably.

[0020] Preferably, one end of the spring abuts against one side of the outer wall of the sleeve, and the other end of the spring abuts against one side of the inner wall of the casing.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution: the fixed support point provided by the outer wall of the sleeve and the continuous thrust applied by the inner wall of the sleeve work together to achieve the effect of providing an automatic reset spring force for the insertion rod of the quick release mechanism.

[0022] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, measuring instrument one is set on the upper side of the support frame facing the tunnel face to measure the verticality of the tunnel face. Measuring instrument two is set on the lower side of the support frame facing the tunnel ground to detect the verticality of measuring instrument one to the ground. During assembly, the sleeve can be placed on the outside of the lifting rod, and the reaction force of spring one drives the insertion rod to be inserted into the soil, thus achieving a quick installation effect. During disassembly, pulling the handle can disassemble the insertion rod from the lifting rod. At the same time, the connecting mechanism can achieve the effect of quick storage of multiple support cylinders when not in use. This solves the problem that traditional detection devices are large in structure, inconvenient to install, disassemble, and transport, thereby improving the practicality of the device.

[0023] 2. In this utility model, when the device is in use, the anti-slip seat is flipped to contact the ground, so that the anti-detachment rod is inserted into the soil for fixation. Then, the positioning pin is inserted into the soil, and the screw sleeve is rotated to compress the spring three. The reaction force of the spring three drives the sliding rod to push the positioning pin to be further stabilized in the soil for fixation. This achieves the effect of adjusting the stability of the device support, solving the problem that the unevenness of the tunnel ground in traditional methods may cause the measuring instrument to tilt during use, affecting the accuracy of the measurement, thereby improving the practicality of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device proposed in this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting rod part of a high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device proposed in this utility model. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the image; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure of a high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device proposed in this utility model. Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the image.

[0025] Legend: 1. Support cylinder; 2. Electric cylinder; 3. Lifting rod; 4. Limiting rod; 5. Connecting shaft; 6. Limiting shaft; 7. Connecting plate one; 8. Connecting plate two; 9. Bearing frame; 10. Measuring instrument one; 11. Measuring instrument two; 12. Sleeve; 13. Insert rod; 14. Sleeve one; 15. Spring one; 16. Handle; 17. Support plate; 18. Anti-slip seat; 19. Sleeve two; 20. Sliding rod; 21. Lead screw; 22. Positioning pin; 23. Threaded sleeve; 24. Sleeve three; 25. Spring three; 26. Anti-detachment rod; 27. Hinge bolt; 28. Limiting post. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 5 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 4 This utility model provides an embodiment of a high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device, comprising multiple support cylinders 1 serving as the basic support structure of the device. Each support cylinder 1 is equipped with an electric cylinder 2, which serves as a lifting drive source. The output ends of each electric cylinder 2 are fixedly connected to a lifting rod 3 for vertical movement. To ensure stability during lifting and prevent rotation, a limit rod 4 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each lifting rod 3. The outer wall of the limit rod 4 is slidably connected to a limit groove inside the support cylinder 1 to restrict the lifting rod 3 from moving and lifting along a predetermined path. Simultaneously, the limit rod 4 also prevents the lifting rod 3 from detaching from the support cylinder 1 during lifting. Adjacent support cylinders... The outer walls of the cylinder 1 are equipped with connecting mechanisms for folding and unfolding; the outer wall of the lifting rod 3 is detachably slidably connected to a sleeve 12, the upper surface of which is fixedly connected to a support frame 9 serving as a support platform, the upper surface of which is fixedly connected to a measuring instrument 10 for measuring the verticality of the working face, and the lower surface of which is fixedly connected to a measuring instrument 21 for detecting the verticality of the support frame 9 itself. The sleeve 12 is equipped with a quick-release mechanism for quick assembly and disassembly. The electric cylinder 2, the measuring instrument 10 and the measuring instrument 21 can be continuously and stably powered by an external mobile power supply, so that the electric cylinder 2, the measuring instrument 10 and the measuring instrument 211 can work for a long time. The quick-release mechanism includes a locking rod 13 that passes through the sleeve 12 and slidably inserts into a locking hole inside the lifting rod 3. One end of the rod 13 is fixedly connected to a housing 14. A spring 15 providing a return force is fitted on the outer wall of the rod 13. A handle 16 for user operation is also fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the housing 14. The connecting mechanism includes two connecting shafts 5 that serve as rotational pivots. One side of the outer wall of each of the two connecting shafts 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of two adjacent support cylinders 1. On the side near the connecting shaft 5, a limiting shaft 6 that serves as a guide is also fixedly connected. A connecting plate 7 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of one connecting shaft 5. The interior of the connecting plate 7 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting shaft 6. A connecting plate 8 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the other connecting shaft 5. The interior of the connecting plate 8 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the other limiting shaft 6. To achieve automatic locking, one end of the spring 15 abuts against the outer wall of the sleeve 12, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the housing 14.

[0028] Specifically, by utilizing a connecting mechanism consisting of connecting shaft 5, limiting shaft 6, connecting plate 1-7, and connecting plate 2-8, multiple support cylinders 1 can be easily unfolded like a folding ruler to form a stable working base, or folded into a compact form for easy transportation and storage. Simultaneously, the quick-release mechanism of the insertion rod 13 driven by spring 15 enables tool-free quick installation and removal of the measuring instrument support frame 9 on the lifting rod 3. Furthermore, by setting up a dual measuring system of measuring instrument 1-10 and measuring instrument 2-11, the verticality of the instrument platform itself can be monitored and calibrated in real time while measuring the working face, effectively eliminating errors caused by installation or uneven ground. Measuring instrument 1-10 can be a laser measuring instrument.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 5 Each of the multiple support cylinders 1 has a support plate 17 rotatably connected to one side of its outer wall for unfolding to increase the area of ​​the support base. A flip-up anti-slip seat 18, used to increase friction with the ground, is rotatably connected to one side of the support plate 17. An anti-detachment rod 26, used to increase the contact area between the anti-slip seat 18 and the ground, is slidably connected inside the anti-slip seat 18 to prevent it from detaching from the ground due to external force. A housing 19, used to house transmission components, is also rotatably connected inside the support plate 17. A sliding rod 20, used to transmit thrust, is slidably connected inside the housing 19. One end of the sliding rod 20 is fixedly connected to a lead screw 21, which serves as the transmission body. The other end of the lead screw 21 is rotatably connected to a positioning pin 22, used for anchoring into the ground, via a hinge bolt 27. A limiting post 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall, and a positioning pin 22 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting post 28. The limiting post 28 is set on one side of the positioning pin 22 to limit the movement of the limiting post 28, so that the positioning pin 22 can move linearly and insert into the soil. To achieve the drive, the outer wall of the lead screw 21 is threaded with a threaded sleeve 23 for converting rotational motion into linear motion. One side of the threaded sleeve 23 is rotatably connected with a housing 24 for transmitting operating force. To apply a continuous anchoring force, the outer wall of the slide rod 20 is fitted with a spring 25 for storing and releasing elastic energy. One end of the spring 25 abuts against one side of the inner wall of the housing 29, and the other end abuts against one side of the inner wall of the housing 24, thus forming a pressure-storage energy structure.

[0030] Specifically, initial planar support is provided by flipping the support plate 17 and the anti-slip seat 18. Based on this, by rotating the threaded sleeve 23, it moves along the screw 21 and compresses the spring 25. The continuous reaction force generated by the compressed spring 25 stably pushes the positioning pin 22 into and secures it in the ground soil via the slide rod 20. This allows the positioning pin 22 to slide along the outer wall of the limiting post 28 when pushed by the spring 25, thus stabilizing it within the soil. This anchoring method, with continuous preload provided by a spring, better adapts to minor ground irregularities and absorbs potential vibrations compared to simple rigid fixing. It provides an extremely stable measurement reference for the upper measuring instruments, thereby improving the practicality and reliability of the device in complex field environments.

[0031] Working principle: When the detection device is needed, the device in the storage state is first unfolded. The operator rotates the connecting plate 7 and the connecting plate 8 set between two adjacent support cylinders 1, so that they rotate around the connecting shaft 5 and slide along the limiting shaft 6, thereby unfolding multiple support cylinders 1 to the preset working distance. Subsequently, to ensure the device can be stably supported on the uneven ground inside the tunnel, the operators flipped the support plates 17 on the outer walls of each support cylinder 1 so that the anti-slip seats 18 at their bottoms contacted the ground. Then, the anti-detachment rod 26 was inserted into the soil to fix the anti-slip seats 18 to the ground to prevent movement. Then, by rotating the threaded sleeve 23 on the screw 21, the threaded sleeve 23 moved along the axial direction of the screw 21 and squeezed the spring 25 through the sleeve 3 24. The spring 3 25 was compressed and generated a reaction force. This force acted on the sleeve 2 19 and the slide rod 20, pushing the positioning pin 22 connected to the end of the slide rod 20 downward to make it firmly inserted into the ground soil. At the same time, the reaction force of the spring 3 25 pushed the positioning pin 22 to slide along the outer wall of the limiting post 28, so that the positioning pin 22 was stable inside the soil. This provided an extremely stable support foundation for the entire device, avoiding tilting caused by uneven ground or vibration, and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent measurements. After the device stabilizes, the operator starts the electric cylinder 2 installed inside the multiple support cylinders 1. The output end of the electric cylinder 2 pushes the lifting rod 3 to rise smoothly to the required measurement height. During this process, the limit rod 4 slides inside the support cylinder 1, which plays a guiding and anti-rotation role. Then, the sleeve 12 integrating the bearing frame 9 is aligned with the top of the lifting rod 3 and put on. During the insertion process, the reaction force of the spring 15 will continuously push the sleeve 14, thereby driving the insertion rod 13 to automatically insert into the preset hole inside the lifting rod 3, realizing the quick and self-locking installation of the bearing frame 9. Once installed, measurements can be taken. The measuring instrument 10, installed on the upper surface of the support frame 9 and facing the tunnel face, starts working to directly measure the verticality data of the tunnel face. At the same time, the measuring instrument 21, installed on the lower surface of the support frame 9 and facing the ground, performs simultaneous detection. Its function is to monitor in real time whether the support frame 9 itself is absolutely perpendicular to the ground, thereby calibrating and compensating the installation reference of the measuring instrument 10, ensuring the high accuracy of the final measurement results. After the inspection is completed, the operator only needs to pull the handle 16 outward. The handle 16 drives the housing 14 and the insertion rod 13 to move outward against the elastic force of the spring 15, so that the insertion rod 13 is disengaged from the inside of the lifting rod 3. At this time, the lock is released, and the support frame 9 can be easily removed. Then, the electric cylinder 2 is retracted to lower the lifting rod 3, and the positioning pin 22 slides out from the lower end of the limit post 28. The positioning pin 22 is retracted, and the multiple support cylinders 1 are folded and stored again through the connecting mechanism. The whole process does not require complicated tools, realizing quick disassembly and convenient transportation.

Claims

1. A high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device, characterized in that, It includes multiple support cylinders (1), each of which is equipped with an electric cylinder (2). Each of the multiple electric cylinders (2) is fixedly connected to a lifting rod (3) at its output end. Each of the multiple lifting rods (3) is fixedly connected to a limit rod (4) on its outer wall. The limit rod (4) is slidably connected to the inside of the support cylinder (1). Each of the two adjacent support cylinders (1) is equipped with a connecting mechanism. The outer wall of the lifting rod (3) is slidably connected to a sleeve (12). The upper surface of the sleeve (12) is fixedly connected to a bearing frame (9). The upper surface of the bearing frame (9) is fixedly connected to a measuring instrument (10). The lower surface of the bearing frame (9) is fixedly connected to a measuring instrument (11). The sleeve (12) is equipped with a quick-release mechanism. The quick-release mechanism includes a plug rod (13), the outer wall of the plug rod (13) penetrates the inside of the sleeve (12) and is slidably connected in the lock hole inside the lifting rod (3), one end of the plug rod (13) is fixedly connected to a housing (14), the outer wall of the plug rod (13) is fitted with a spring (15), and a handle (16) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the housing (14).

2. The high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism includes two connecting shafts (5). One side of the outer wall of the two connecting shafts (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of two adjacent support cylinders (1). A limiting shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting shaft (5). A connecting plate (7) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of one connecting shaft (5). The connecting plate (7) is slidably connected to the outer wall of one limiting shaft (6). A connecting plate (8) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the other connecting shaft (5). The connecting plate (8) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the other limiting shaft (6).

3. The high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the multiple support cylinders (1) has a support plate (17) rotatably connected to one side of its outer wall. An anti-slip seat (18) is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of the support plate (17). An anti-slip rod (26) is slidably connected inside the anti-slip seat (18).

4. The high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support plate (17) is rotatably connected to a second sleeve (19), and the second sleeve (19) is slidably connected to a slide rod (20).

5. The high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the slide rod (20) is fixedly connected to a lead screw (21), and one end of the lead screw (21) is rotatably connected to a positioning pin (22) via a hinge bolt (27). A limit post (28) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the support cylinder (1), and the positioning pin (22) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limit post (28).

6. The high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lead screw (21) is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve (23) on its outer wall. A housing three (24) is rotatably connected to one side of the threaded sleeve (23). A spring three (25) is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod (20).

7. The high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the third spring (25) abuts against one side of the inner wall of the second casing (19), and the other end of the third spring (25) abuts against one side of the inner wall of the third casing (24).

8. The high-precision tunnel face verticality detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the spring (15) abuts against one side of the outer wall of the sleeve (12), and the other end of the spring (15) abuts against one side of the inner wall of the casing (14).

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