Gas-fired boiler flue gas white smoke purification and emission device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of gas boiler flue gas white elimination purification and discharge device, including shell, smoke flange, air flange, heat exchange main body, fan, smoke box, air box, flue gas throttler, air throttler, primary gas-liquid separator, secondary gas-liquid separator, tertiary gas-liquid separator, mixed reheater, air side condensate drain, flue gas side condensate drain, mixed section temperature sensor, mixed section humidity sensor, air temperature sensor, smoke temperature sensor, condensate neutralizer and collector and control cabinet.The utility model not only greatly simplifies the technological process of flue gas white elimination, but also can greatly reduce the energy consumption required by flue gas white elimination, realize multiple benefits of water saving, reduce environmental pollution, improve energy utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flue gas treatment technology, specifically to a flue gas purification and emission elimination device for gas-fired boilers. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of global industrialization and the adjustment of energy structure, the boiler market, as a core energy and power source, has become enormous and undergoes frequent iterations. Simultaneously, the national strategy of creating green mountains and clear waters and environmental awareness are gaining increasing traction. Consequently, the social conflict between boiler flue gas emissions and the creation of livable homes is becoming increasingly prominent, especially in cities where white pollutants from boiler flue gas not only affect the aesthetics of the environment but also harm human health. Flue gas whitening is not simply about eliminating the visual white smog; strictly speaking, it has two meanings: first, it involves the thorough removal of harmful components from the flue gas, including reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides, sulfides, various particulate matter, aerosols, and ultrafine crystalline salt particles; second, it involves reducing the moisture content of the flue gas by lowering it below the dew point temperature to achieve condensation, thereby reducing the visual perception of white smog. Therefore, strictly speaking, "whitening elimination" should be "flue gas purification + whitening elimination."

[0003] Natural gas is a clean energy source, but after combustion, boiler flue gas contains small amounts of N2, O2, CO2, SO2, NOx, and water vapor, as well as smaller amounts of CO, SO3, fly ash, and possibly CH4 and other hydrocarbon compounds. When this exhaust gas containing these harmful substances is directly emitted through a chimney, the presence of aerosols, combined with low outdoor temperatures in winter, makes the emissions more visually noticeable. This not only impacts the atmospheric environment but also leads to complaints from nearby residents. Therefore, to achieve sustainable and stable production and green development, and to create a harmonious society, it is urgently necessary to take measures to eliminate and control "white smoke from flue gas."

[0004] Current regulations primarily address flue gas emissions by limiting and increasing the height of boiler flues to achieve high-altitude emissions. However, this approach presents several challenges: many projects suffer from complex construction processes and installation difficulties due to building structure limitations, leading to high construction costs. Furthermore, the complex flue system increases resistance to flue gas emissions, affecting the safe combustion and operation of the boiler, and fails to effectively remove white pollutants from the flue gas. Other methods, such as spraying combined with heat pumps or spraying combined with reheating, aim to reduce flue gas temperature and eliminate white pollutants, but these require significant installation space and site conditions, involve substantial initial investments, and are only suitable for a few large, centralized heating station projects.

[0005] Therefore, developing a flue gas whitening device suitable for distributed gas boilers in cities, capable of eliminating visual white pollutants and achieving clean, low-altitude emissions of flue gas, is of significant practical importance. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gas-fired boiler flue gas purification and emission elimination device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a flue gas purification and emission device for gas-fired boilers, comprising a shell, a flue gas inlet flange, an air inlet flange, a heat exchanger body, a fan, a flue gas inlet box, an air inlet box, a flue gas throttle, an air throttle, a primary gas-liquid separator, a secondary gas-liquid separator, a tertiary gas-liquid separator, a mixing reheater, an air-side condensate drain, a flue gas-side condensate drain, a mixing section temperature sensor, a mixing section humidity sensor, an air inlet temperature sensor, a flue gas inlet temperature sensor, a condensate neutralization collector, and a control cabinet;

[0008] The heat exchanger body, fan, flue gas inlet box, air inlet box, flue gas throttle, air throttle, primary gas-liquid separator, secondary gas-liquid separator, tertiary gas-liquid separator, mixing reheater, air-side condensate drain, flue gas-side condensate drain, mixing section temperature sensor, mixing section humidity sensor, air inlet temperature sensor, and flue gas inlet temperature sensor are all housed within the casing. The casing is equipped with a flue gas inlet flange, an air inlet flange, and a mixing reheater outlet.

[0009] Preferably, the inlet flange, inlet temperature sensor, inlet housing, flue gas throttling device, heat exchanger body, and outlet are connected in sequence to form a flue gas channel.

[0010] Preferably, the fan, air inlet flange, air inlet temperature sensor, air inlet housing, air throttle, heat exchanger body and air outlet are connected in sequence to form an air channel.

[0011] Preferably, the primary gas-liquid separator, the secondary gas-liquid separator, the tertiary gas-liquid separator, the mixing reheater, the mixing section temperature sensor, and the mixing section humidity sensor form a mixing reheater section.

[0012] Preferably, the air-side condensate drain, the flue gas-side condensate drain, and the condensate neutralization collector are combined into a condensate neutralization system.

[0013] Preferably, the mixing section temperature sensor, mixing section humidity sensor, air inlet temperature sensor, smoke inlet temperature sensor, and control cabinet monitor temperature and humidity to adjust the operating frequency and air volume of the fan, forming a fully automatic variable frequency control and operation system for smoke whitening.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] Intelligent technology can monitor and analyze white pollutants in flue gas in real time, accurately and quickly identify pollutants, and take effective measures to eliminate them. It can significantly reduce the content of white pollutants in flue gas, while effectively reducing the power of fans. It only requires extremely low power consumption to achieve the purpose of eliminating white pollutants, improving energy efficiency and reducing environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-efficiency enhanced heat exchange element in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separator structure in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing reheater structure in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the condensate neutralizer structure in this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Smoke inlet flange, 2. Smoke inlet housing, 3. Heat exchanger body, 4. Flue gas throttling device, 5. Primary gas-liquid separator, 6. Mixing reheater, 7. Air inlet flange, 8. Air inlet housing, 9. Air throttling device, 10. Air-side condensate drain, 11. Flue gas-side condensate drain, 12. Secondary gas-liquid separator, 13. Tertiary gas-liquid separator, 14. Fan, 15. Air-side external fins, 16. Metal surface, 17. Flue gas-side internal fins, 18. Mixing section temperature sensor, 19. Air inlet temperature sensor, 20. Smoke inlet temperature sensor, 21. Control cabinet, 22. Condensate neutralization collector, 23. Mixing section humidity sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Please see Figure 1-5This utility model provides a technical solution: a gas boiler flue gas whitening and purification emission device, including a shell, a flue gas inlet flange 1, an air inlet flange 7, a heat exchange body 3, a fan 14, a flue gas inlet box 2, an air inlet box 8, a flue gas throttle 4, an air throttle 9, a primary gas-liquid separator 5, a secondary gas-liquid separator 12, a tertiary gas-liquid separator 13, a mixing reheater 6, an air-side condensate drain 10, a flue gas-side condensate drain 11, a mixing section temperature sensor 18, a mixing section humidity sensor 23, an air inlet temperature sensor 19, a flue gas inlet temperature sensor 20, a condensate neutralization collector 22, and a control cabinet 21;

[0024] The heat exchanger body 3, fan 14, flue gas inlet box 2, air inlet box 8, flue gas throttle 4, air throttle 9, primary gas-liquid separator 5, secondary gas-liquid separator 12, tertiary gas-liquid separator 13, mixing reheater 6, air-side condensate drain 10, flue gas-side condensate drain 11, mixing section temperature sensor 18, mixing section humidity sensor 23, air inlet temperature sensor 19, and flue gas inlet temperature sensor 20 are all installed inside the housing. The housing is equipped with a flue gas inlet flange 1, an air inlet flange 7, and the outlet of the mixing reheater 6.

[0025] In this utility model, the inlet flange 1, the inlet temperature sensor 20, the inlet box 2, the flue gas throttling device 4, the heat exchange body 3, and the outlet are connected in sequence to form a flue gas channel.

[0026] In this utility model, the fan 14, the air inlet flange 7, the air inlet temperature sensor 19, the air inlet box 8, the air throttle 9, the heat exchange body 3, and the air outlet are connected in sequence to form an air channel.

[0027] In this invention, a mixing and reheating section is formed by a primary gas-liquid separator 5, a secondary gas-liquid separator 12, a tertiary gas-liquid separator 13, a mixing and reheating unit 6, a mixing section temperature sensor 18, and a mixing section humidity sensor 23.

[0028] In this invention, the air-side condensate drain 10, the flue gas-side condensate drain 11, and the condensate neutralization collector 22 are combined to form a condensate neutralization system.

[0029] In this invention, the mixing section temperature sensor 18, the mixing section humidity sensor 23, the air inlet temperature sensor 19, the smoke inlet temperature sensor 20, and the control cabinet 21 monitor the temperature and humidity to adjust the operating frequency and air volume of the fan 14, forming a fully automatic variable frequency control and operation system for smoke whitening.

[0030] This invention utilizes a high-efficiency heat exchanger and an intelligent control cabinet to monitor and analyze the temperature and humidity of the outlet flue gas in real time, and takes effective measures to eliminate white pollutants. The method mainly includes the following steps:

[0031] (1) The heat exchanger achieves efficient heat exchange by using outdoor cold air and flue gas in the heat exchanger body, and extracts the condensate contained in the latent heat of vaporization in the flue gas of the gas boiler, thereby achieving the purpose of flue gas dehydration.

[0032] (2) After the outdoor air heated by the flue gas becomes hot and dry, it is mixed again with the low temperature flue gas in the mixing and reheating section to reduce the moisture content of the mixed flue gas and turn it into unsaturated flue gas, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating white pollutants.

[0033] (3) Monitor flue gas emissions in real time through an intelligent control cabinet;

[0034] (4) Intelligent analysis of the monitored outdoor ambient air temperature, flue gas temperature at the inlet of the whitening device, flue gas temperature at the outlet, and humidity to identify and determine the white pollutants in them;

[0035] (5) Based on the identification results, adjust the frequency of the inverter to change the fan speed, adjust the ambient cold air intake to change the heat exchange power, and eliminate white pollutants;

[0036] (6) Repeat the above steps to achieve continuous elimination of white pollutants in flue gas.

[0037] This utility model comprises a system temperature monitoring sensor, an intelligent analysis module, a frequency conversion control module, and a fan execution module. The temperature monitoring sensor is responsible for real-time monitoring of flue gas emissions; the intelligent analysis module is responsible for intelligent analysis of the monitored flue gas; the frequency conversion control module is responsible for coordinating the output of frequency conversion signals; and the fan execution module is responsible for taking effective measures to eliminate white pollutants, thereby realizing the automated operation of the system.

[0038] This invention introduces flue gas into the inlet chamber through the inlet flange. After passing through the flue gas side throttling plate, the flue gas is guided into the heat exchanger body to exchange heat with low-temperature air. After condensation, the flue gas enters the condensate neutralization collector. The cooled flue gas then enters the three-stage gas-liquid separator to achieve gas-liquid separation, reducing the flue gas humidity by more than 55%. Finally, it enters the mixing reheater section to form unsaturated flue gas, which is then discharged into the terminal flue. During this process, the fan draws in low-temperature outdoor air, which enters the inlet chamber through the inlet flange. After passing through the inlet throttling plate inside the inlet chamber, the air enters the main heat exchanger. The low-temperature air is heated after exchanging heat with the flue gas in the main heat exchanger. The condensate on the flue gas side is discharged through the flue gas side condensate drain. The heated dry air is mixed with the dehydrated flue gas at the three-stage gas-liquid separator and then enters the mixing reheater section. The mixed unsaturated flue gas is then discharged from the system through the exhaust port.

[0039] Before the flue gas and air are guided into the main heat exchanger, the following steps are included: the flue gas is guided into the main heat exchanger through a throttling plate to exchange heat with cold air and cool down, changing the flue gas from an unsaturated state to a saturated state, and condensate is released from the flue gas, thereby achieving condensation, cooling and dehydration of the flue gas. The soluble particulate matter in the flue gas is reduced by more than 50%; the air is drawn into the air inlet box by a fan and then guided into the main heat exchanger through a throttling plate to exchange heat with the flue gas entering the main heat exchanger, and after being heated and dried, it enters the reheater section to mix with the flue gas and become unsaturated flue gas before being discharged;

[0040] After the step of diverting flue gas and air into the main heat exchanger, the following steps are also included: diverting the condensate from the flue gas and air side into a condensate neutralizer, and achieving pollution-free, neutral emissions after neutralization with an alkaline neutralizing material made of natural minerals in the neutralizer.

[0041] After the steps of guiding the flue gas into the main heat exchanger and dehydrating the flue gas through the outdoor low-temperature cold air, the following steps are also included: by monitoring the data parameters tested by the temperature sensor and humidity sensor of the mixing section, the intelligent control cabinet sends a signal to the frequency converter to adjust the operating speed and air intake of the fan, so as to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the boiler flue gas white pollutant removal system throughout the year.

[0042] The contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flue gas purification and emission elimination device for gas-fired boilers, characterized in that: Includes a housing, a flue gas inlet flange (1), an air inlet flange (7), a heat exchanger body (3), a fan (14), a flue gas inlet box (2), an air inlet box (8), a flue gas throttle (4), an air throttle (9), a primary gas-liquid separator (5), a secondary gas-liquid separator (12), a tertiary gas-liquid separator (13), a mixing reheater (6), an air-side condensate drain (10), a flue gas-side condensate drain (11), a mixing section temperature sensor (18), a mixing section humidity sensor (23), an air inlet temperature sensor (19), a flue gas inlet temperature sensor (20), a condensate neutralization collector (22), and a control cabinet (21); The heat exchanger body (3), fan (14), smoke inlet box (2), air inlet box (8), flue gas throttle (4), air throttle (9), primary gas-liquid separator (5), secondary gas-liquid separator (12), tertiary gas-liquid separator (13), mixing reheater (6), air-side condensate drain (10), flue gas-side condensate drain (11), mixing section temperature sensor (18), mixing section humidity sensor (23), air inlet temperature sensor (19), and smoke inlet temperature sensor (20) are all installed inside the housing. The housing is provided with smoke inlet flange (1), air inlet flange (7), and mixing reheater (6) outlet. The inlet flange (1), inlet temperature sensor (20), inlet box (2), flue gas throttle (4), heat exchange body (3), and outlet are connected in sequence to form a flue gas channel; The fan (14), air inlet flange (7), air inlet temperature sensor (19), air inlet box (8), air throttle (9), heat exchange body (3) and air outlet are connected in sequence to form an air channel; The first-stage gas-liquid separator (5), the second-stage gas-liquid separator (12), the third-stage gas-liquid separator (13), the mixing reheater (6), the mixing section temperature sensor (18), and the mixing section humidity sensor (23) form the mixing reheater section; The air-side condensate drain (10), flue gas-side condensate drain (11), and condensate neutralizer (22) are combined to form a condensate neutralization system; The mixing section temperature sensor (18), mixing section humidity sensor (23), air inlet temperature sensor (19), smoke inlet temperature sensor (20), and control cabinet (21) monitor temperature and humidity to adjust the operating frequency and air volume of the fan (14), forming a fully automatic variable frequency control and operation system for smoke whitening.

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