A photocatalysis-based formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of based on photocatalysis's formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device, including box, ultraviolet LED lamp strip, multiple foam nickel base filter element and electric cabinet, the opposite two sides of the box are equipped with air inlet fan and air outlet fan respectively, the air inlet fan and air outlet fan are parallel and coaxial arrangement, the foam nickel base filter element is detachably installed in box and between air inlet fan and air outlet fan, multiple the foam nickel base filter element is parallel and interval arrangement, the ultraviolet LED lamp strip is equipped on the box inner wall in the side portion of the foam nickel base filter element, the electric cabinet is electrically connected with ultraviolet LED lamp strip, air inlet fan and air outlet fan respectively, and the electric cabinet is fixed to the box outer wall.The utility model can effectively solve the radiation risk caused by the exposure of ultraviolet light source in the existing photocatalytic purification device, the problem of negative oxygen ion technology accompanying ozone pollution and low efficiency of double-effect synergism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of formaldehyde purification devices, specifically to a formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis. Background Technology

[0002] Current indoor formaldehyde pollution control faces the dual challenges of insufficient long-term effectiveness and the risk of secondary pollution. Traditional purification technologies have significant limitations: while activated carbon adsorption is widely used, it suffers from rapid saturation and frequent replacement; plasma technology, although effective in degrading formaldehyde, may generate harmful byproducts such as ozone; and while ventilation is simple and direct, its effectiveness is limited by outdoor air quality and it consumes a lot of energy. These technological bottlenecks make it difficult for existing solutions to fully meet the needs of modern indoor environmental pollution control.

[0003] In the field of indoor formaldehyde purification, photocatalysis and negative ion technology exhibit complementary technical characteristics. Photocatalysis relies on the photosensitivity of semiconductor materials such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) to generate strong oxidizing substances like hydroxyl radicals under ultraviolet light excitation, which can completely mineralize formaldehyde molecules into carbon dioxide and water. Negative ion technology, on the other hand, releases highly active negatively charged ions, which can both neutralize and agglomerate suspended particles and directly break the chemical bonds of formaldehyde molecules, simultaneously achieving sterilization and deodorization. When used in combination, these two technologies form a dual purification mechanism of "decomposition + neutralization," significantly improving formaldehyde removal efficiency. However, in practical applications, technological limitations are gradually becoming apparent. Photocatalytic systems face three major bottlenecks: First, the energy conversion efficiency is a problem; existing devices have weak responses in the visible light band, relying on high-energy-consuming ultraviolet light sources, and exposed light sources pose a risk of radiation leakage. Second, gas-solid phase mass transfer is limited; insufficient contact time between formaldehyde molecules and the catalyst surface results in a single-pass degradation rate generally below 70%. Negative ion technology poses a risk of secondary pollution. Traditional high-voltage corona discharge methods can produce ozone byproducts with excessive concentrations (>0.05ppm). At the same time, due to Coulomb forces, negative ions have limited migration distance in the air and exhibit exponential decay characteristics, making it difficult to maintain a steady-state concentration distribution in large spaces.

[0004] To address the technical bottlenecks of existing composite air purification devices, this study proposes a deep coupling solution. While current market products employ a combination of photocatalytic and negative ion modules, their simple assembly architecture leads to synergistic barriers between the two core technologies: firstly, the discrete structure results in insufficient residence time of pollutants in the photocatalytic region, and negative ions fail to effectively guide formaldehyde molecules to the catalyst surface for enrichment; secondly, it fails to overcome the ozone byproduct risks of negative ion technology and the inherent high energy consumption of ultraviolet light sources. This crude combination ultimately results in low system energy efficiency and difficulty in achieving breakthroughs in purification efficiency. Based on this, our innovative solution develops a deep coupling device for photocatalysis and ecological-grade negative ions. Through a molecular-directed enrichment mechanism and ozone suppression technology, it achieves a dual improvement in formaldehyde degradation efficiency and air purification breadth while ensuring environmental safety. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the radiation risks caused by exposed ultraviolet light sources in existing photocatalytic purification devices, the ozone pollution associated with negative ion technology, and the low efficiency of dual-effect synergy, this invention provides a photocatalytic formaldehyde degradation and negative ion release purification device. The device includes a housing, an ultraviolet LED light strip, multiple nickel-based foam filters, and an electrical control box. An inlet fan and an outlet fan are respectively installed on opposite sides of the housing, arranged parallel and coaxially. Each nickel-based foam filter is detachably installed inside the housing and located between the inlet and outlet fans. Multiple nickel-based foam filters are arranged parallel and spaced apart. The ultraviolet LED light strip is installed on the inner wall of the housing located on the side of the nickel-based foam filters. The electrical control box is electrically connected to the ultraviolet LED light strip, the inlet fan, and the outlet fan, and is fixed to the outer wall of the housing. Preferably, the foamed nickel-based filter element includes a nickel mesh, and the outer surface of the nickel mesh is provided with a titanium dioxide layer.

[0006] Preferably, the main peak wavelength of the ultraviolet LED light strip is 365nm, and the error range of the main peak wavelength is ±5nm.

[0007] Preferably, multiple sets of fixing frames are fixed inside the box, and the fixing frames include two fixing mesh frames arranged in parallel and spaced apart, with the foam nickel-based filter element inserted between the two fixing mesh frames.

[0008] Preferably, an air inlet and an air outlet are respectively provided on opposite sides of the housing. The air inlet and air outlet are parallel and symmetrically distributed, and the air outlet and air inlet are of equal size. The air intake fan and air outlet fan are respectively fixed at the air inlet and air outlet.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the box is an opening, and a cover for opening / closing the opening is movably connected to the top of the box.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the top cover is rotatably connected to the hinge box, and the other end of the top cover is detachably connected to the box body via a latch.

[0011] Preferably, the ultraviolet LED light strip is divided into multiple light strip units. A light strip unit is provided between the foam nickel-based filter and the air intake fan, between the foam nickel-based filter and the air outlet fan, and between two adjacent foam nickel-based filters. The ultraviolet LED light strip in each light strip unit is divided into three segments. The three segments of the ultraviolet LED light strip are respectively located on the bottom wall of the housing and on the two side walls perpendicular to the air intake fan. The three segments of the ultraviolet LED light strip are parallel to the foam nickel-based filter.

[0012] Preferably, the interior of the box is a cuboid space with a length of 80 cm, a width of 40 cm, and a height of 40 cm. The fixed mesh frame has a size of 40×40 cm. There are four foam nickel-based filter elements, which are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the box.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. Integrating safety and efficiency to eliminate dual pollution risks: The ultraviolet LED light source is enclosed inside the enclosure, avoiding the radiation safety hazards caused by the exposed ultraviolet light source in traditional devices; at the same time, by optimizing the negative oxygen ion generation mechanism and cooperating with photocatalysis, the generation of ozone byproducts is effectively suppressed, achieving dual-effect synergistic purification without secondary pollution.

[0014] 2. Coaxial Dual Air Ducts and Foam Nickel-Based Filter Array Synergistically Optimize Mass Transfer Efficiency: Coaxially symmetrically positioned inlet / outlet fans work together to form a coaxial circulating air duct system. External gas can circulate in and out of the housing, driving the airflow vertically and uniformly through the parallel-arranged foam nickel-based filter array. This design significantly enhances the adsorption and diffusion efficiency of pollutants (such as formaldehyde) on the filter surface and effectively extends the residence time of gas in the catalytic reaction zone through the generated turbulence.

[0015] 3. Multifunctional Enhanced Catalysis with Nickel Foam Filters: Utilizing the three-dimensional gradient pore structure of nickel foam, efficient adsorption and low-resistance diffusion of formaldehyde are achieved. The electron-thermal dual-conductivity network constructed by the nickel foam matrix accelerates the separation and migration of photogenerated carriers and inhibits recombination, while also promoting uniform heat distribution and optimizing the reaction temperature field. Furthermore, the conductivity of the nickel foam matrix synergizes with the negative oxygen ion electric field, driving formaldehyde molecules to be directionally enriched at TiO2 active sites, significantly enhancing reaction kinetics.

[0016] 4. Precise photoelectric matching and irradiation homogenization enhance quantum efficiency: Utilizing an ultraviolet LED light source with a main peak wavelength strictly limited to 365 nm (±5 nm), its photon energy (3.40 eV) is precisely matched to the TiO2 bandgap (3.2 eV) (ΔE=0.20 eV). This efficiently excites photogenerated carriers while effectively avoiding the formation of lattice oxygen vacancy defects, ensuring material stability. The serpentine topology arrangement design ensures uniform irradiation intensity on the filter surface, significantly improving quantum efficiency.

[0017] 5. Stable and reliable structure, convenient and flexible operation: The fixed mesh structure maximizes the exposure of the catalytic surface while firmly locking the foam nickel-based filter element array, effectively resisting the impact of high-speed airflow and eliminating the risk of displacement or structural instability of the foam nickel-based filter element.

[0018] The electrical control box is externally located, with independent switches controlling the inlet and outlet fans and the UV LED light strip respectively. Simultaneously, because the UV LED light strip is enclosed within the box, it achieves electromechanical decoupling and isolation from the external electrical control box. This means that the electrical control box and the UV LED light strip are physically separated in structure, while still allowing for independent electrical control of the UV LED light strip and the inlet and outlet fans.

[0019] This invention enables a unique "UV pre-activation" operation mode, which involves turning on the UV lamp before starting the fan to pre-activate the active sites on the TiO2 surface, thereby further improving the initial degradation efficiency of formaldehyde.

[0020] 6. Modular design, easy to customize and maintain: The device adopts a split design of top cover and box body, connected by hinges, making it easy to open and close and facilitating the replacement or maintenance of equipment inside the box. The size and quantity of the foam nickel-based filter element, as well as the dimensions of the box body and top cover, can be flexibly customized according to the actual application scenario requirements, providing good adaptability and scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a top view of the internal structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of this utility model disassembled.

[0022] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Lock; 2. Hinge; 3. Intake fan; 4. Foam nickel-based filter element; 5. Fixing frame; 6. Top cover; 7. Exit fan; 8. Electrical control box; 9. Ultraviolet LED light strip; 10. Cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make this utility model clearer and more understandable, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the given embodiments are only one of the implementation methods and do not represent all embodiments.

[0024] In this article, terms such as "inner," "outer," "upper," and "lower" are established based on the positional relationships shown in the attached drawings. Depending on the attached drawings, the corresponding positional relationships may also change. Therefore, they should not be interpreted as an absolute limitation on the scope of protection.

[0025] The terms "fixed" and "connected" used in this document should be interpreted broadly: including but not limited to mechanical fixing methods such as welding, bolting, snap-fitting, and bonding; covering electrical interaction forms such as direct electrical connection, relay control, and optocoupler; and encompassing both rigid connection and elastic limiting structure design. Those skilled in the art can select the appropriate implementation method based on specific working conditions.

[0026] Combined with appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4 A formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis includes a housing 10, an ultraviolet LED light strip 9, multiple foam nickel-based filter elements 4, and an electrical control box 8. An intake fan 3 and an exhaust fan 7 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the housing 10. The intake fan 3 and exhaust fan 7 are parallel and coaxially arranged. The foam nickel-based filter element 4 is detachably installed inside the housing 10 and located between the intake fan 3 and the exhaust fan 7. Multiple foam nickel-based filter elements 4 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The ultraviolet LED light strip 9 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 10 located on the side of the foam nickel-based filter element 4. The electrical control box 8 is electrically connected to the ultraviolet LED light strip 9, the intake fan 3, and the exhaust fan 7, and controls the independent start and stop of the ultraviolet LED light strip 9, the intake fan 3, and the exhaust fan 7 through the electrical control box 8. The electrical control box 8 is fixed to the outer wall of the housing 10. The ultraviolet LED light strip 9 is housed inside the enclosure 10, which isolates it to ensure a sealed environment for the photocatalytic reaction and prevent ultraviolet light leakage. The intake fan 3 and exhaust fan 7 are parallel and coaxially arranged to form a coaxial air duct, guiding airflow vertically through the parallel foam nickel-based filter element 4 array. This design enables efficient adsorption and degradation of external pollutants on the surface of the foam nickel-based filter element 4, and achieves efficient exhaust of purified air.

[0027] Specifically, the electrical control box 8 includes a power supply, a light strip switch, an air inlet switch, and an air outlet switch. The power supply is connected to the ultraviolet LED light strip 9, the air inlet fan 3, and the air outlet fan 7 through the light strip switch, the air inlet switch, and the air outlet switch, respectively. Controlling the light strip or fan to start or stop independently via a separate switch is a conventional technical method. Those skilled in the art can choose an appropriate implementation method according to specific working conditions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0028] Specifically, the foamed nickel-based filter element 4 includes a nickel mesh, the outer surface of which is covered with a titanium dioxide (TiO2) layer to form a foamed nickel-based TiO2 filter element. More specifically, the foamed nickel-based filter element 4 is obtained by impregnating the nickel (Ni) mesh in TiO2 hydrosol. Through the above technical solution, the advantages of the three-dimensional gradient pore structure of the foamed nickel-based filter element 4 are fully utilized to achieve efficient adsorption and low-resistance diffusion of formaldehyde. Its nickel matrix constructs an electron-thermal dual-conductivity network: it accelerates the separation of photogenerated charges and homogenizes the reaction temperature through thermal conduction; the conductivity characteristics further synergize with the negative oxygen ions to drive the directional enrichment of formaldehyde to the TiO2 active sites, and the multi-row parallel layout of the filter element coupled with the coaxial air duct forms turbulence, which can prolong the gas residence time and simultaneously optimize the utilization of ultraviolet light, significantly solving the pain point of the inability to balance mass transfer, catalysis and lifespan in traditional devices.

[0029] Specifically, the main peak wavelength of the ultraviolet LED light strip 9 is 365 nm, with an error range of ±5 nm. The 365 nm (±5 nm) ultraviolet LED light strip 9, through precise energy level matching design (photon energy 3.40 eV / TiO2 band gap 3.2 eV, ΔE=0.20 eV), efficiently excites photogenerated carriers while avoiding lattice oxygen vacancy defects. Simultaneously, the serpentine topological arrangement of the ultraviolet LED light strip 9 achieves irradiation uniformity, improves quantum efficiency, and extends the half-life of negative oxygen ions, thereby effectively enhancing formaldehyde degradation kinetics and forming a dual-effect synergistic purification closed loop without secondary pollution.

[0030] Specifically, multiple sets of fixing frames 5 are fixed inside the housing 10. Each fixing frame 5 includes two parallel and spaced-apart fixing mesh frames, and the foamed nickel-based filter element 4 is inserted between the two fixing mesh frames. The fixing frames 5 can be fixed inside the housing 10 with hot melt adhesive. The fixing frame 5 structure, which is pre-fixed inside the housing 10, achieves the positioning and support of the filter element, ensuring not only the replaceability of the foamed nickel-based filter element 4, but also effectively eliminating the risk of filter element structural instability caused by fan turbulence.

[0031] Specifically, air inlets and air outlets are respectively provided on opposite sides of the housing 10. The air inlets and air outlets are parallel and symmetrically distributed, and the air outlets and air inlets are of equal size. The air intake fan 3 and the air outlet fan 7 are respectively fixed at the air inlet and air outlet.

[0032] Specifically, the top of the housing 10 is open, and a top cover 6 for opening / closing the opening is movably connected to the top of the housing 10. More specifically, one end of the top cover 6 is rotatably connected to the housing 10 via a hinge 2, and the other end of the top cover 6 is detachably connected to the housing 10 via a latch 1. The top cover 6 is easy to open and close, facilitating the replacement or maintenance of the equipment inside the housing 10.

[0033] Specifically, the ultraviolet LED light strip 9 is divided into multiple light strip units. A light strip unit is provided between the foamed nickel-based filter 4 and the inlet fan 3, between the foamed nickel-based filter 4 and the outlet fan 7, and between two adjacent foamed nickel-based filters 4. Each light strip unit contains three segments of ultraviolet LED light strip 9. These three segments are respectively located on the bottom wall of the housing 10 and on the two side walls perpendicular to the inlet fan 3, and are parallel to the foamed nickel-based filter 4. This serpentine topological arrangement of the ultraviolet LED light strip 9 ensures uniform irradiation intensity on the surface of the foamed nickel-based filter 4, avoiding heterogeneous reactions, local hotspot formation, and catalytic efficiency decay caused by excessive local light intensity differences during photocatalysis, thus greatly improving quantum efficiency.

[0034] Specifically, the dimensions of the top cover 6, the box body 10, the foam nickel-based filter element 4, and the fixing frame 5 can all be customized according to requirements. Preferably, the interior of the box body 10 is a cuboid space with a length of 80 cm, a width of 40 cm, and a height of 40 cm. The fixing frame has a size of 40×40 cm and can be made of 6 mm diameter iron wire. There are four foam nickel-based filter elements 4, which are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the box body 10.

[0035] Working principle and usage of a formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis: Before starting the purification process, the UV LED light strip 9 is turned on to pre-irradiate the nickel foam filter element 4 for 10–15 minutes to activate the active sites on the TiO2 surface loaded on the nickel foam substrate. Then, the coaxially arranged inlet fan 3 and outlet fan 7 are activated, driving the polluted gas vertically through the parallel array of nickel foam filter elements 4. During this process, formaldehyde molecules are efficiently adsorbed by the three-dimensional pores of the nickel foam and undergo photocatalytic oxidation degradation (due to the action of active species generated by TiO2) under the excitation of a uniform UV light field. Simultaneously, negative oxygen ions, in conjunction with the conductive network of the filter element, drive formaldehyde to be directionally enriched to the active sites. The turbulence formed by the coaxial air duct and the filter element layout significantly prolongs the gas residence time, increasing the single-pass degradation rate. The electron-thermal dual-conducting network constructed by the nickel foam homogenizes the reaction temperature in real time and accelerates charge separation, maintaining efficient and stable operation without ozone generation throughout the process. After operation is terminated, the nickel foam filter element 4 can be easily replaced by opening the top cover 6.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will be able to make various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (10), an ultraviolet LED light strip (9), multiple foam nickel-based filter elements (4), and an electrical control box (8). An air intake fan (3) and an air outlet fan (7) are respectively provided on opposite sides of the housing (10). The air intake fan (3) and the air outlet fan (7) are parallel and coaxially arranged. The foam nickel-based filter element (4) is detachably installed inside the housing (10) and located between the air intake fan (3) and the air outlet fan (7). Multiple foam nickel-based filter elements (4) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The ultraviolet LED light strip (9) is provided on the inner wall of the housing (10) located on the side of the foam nickel-based filter element (4). The electrical control box (8) is electrically connected to the ultraviolet LED light strip (9), the air intake fan (3), and the air outlet fan (7) respectively. The electrical control box (8) is fixed to the outer wall of the housing (10).

2. The formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foamed nickel-based filter element (4) includes a nickel mesh, the outer surface of which is provided with a titanium dioxide layer.

3. The formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main peak wavelength of the ultraviolet LED light strip (9) is 365nm, and the error range of the main peak wavelength is ±5nm.

4. The formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (10) contains multiple sets of fixing frames (5), each fixing frame (5) including two parallel and spaced fixing frames, and the foam nickel-based filter element (4) is inserted between the two fixing frames.

5. The formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box (10) has an air inlet and an air outlet on opposite sides. The air inlet and air outlet are parallel and symmetrically distributed. The air outlet and air inlet are of equal size. The air inlet fan (3) and air outlet fan (7) are fixed at the air inlet and air outlet respectively.

6. The formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the box (10) is open, and the top of the box (10) is movably connected to a cover (6) for opening / closing the opening.

7. The formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the top cover (6) is rotatably connected to the box body (10) via a hinge (2), and the other end of the top cover (6) is detachably connected to the box body (10) via a latch (1).

8. The formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultraviolet LED light strip (9) is divided into multiple light strip units. A light strip unit is provided between the foam nickel-based filter (4) and the air intake fan (3), between the foam nickel-based filter (4) and the air outlet fan (7), and between two adjacent foam nickel-based filters (4). The ultraviolet LED light strip (9) in each light strip unit is divided into three sections. The three sections of the ultraviolet LED light strip (9) are respectively located on the bottom wall of the box (10) and on the two side walls perpendicular to the air intake fan (3). The three sections of the ultraviolet LED light strip (9) are parallel to the foam nickel-based filter (4).

9. The formaldehyde degradation and negative oxygen ion release purification device based on photocatalysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The interior of the box (10) is a cuboid space with a length of 80 cm, a width of 40 cm and a height of 40 cm. The fixed mesh frame has a size of 40×40 cm. There are four foam nickel-based filter elements (4), and the four foam nickel-based filter elements (4) are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the box (10).

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