Heliostat with sliding bearing

Abstract

A heliostat with sliding bearing, comprising a base, a direction control mechanism, and an angle control mechanism. The direction control mechanism comprises at least two straight cylinder bearings. The angle control mechanism comprises at least two edge-winding bearings. The edge-winding bearings are made of the same material as the straight cylinder bearings. The straight cylinder bearings comprise a base material layer, a copper mesh layer adhered to the base material layer, and a self-lubricating layer adhered and embedded in the copper mesh layer. The heliostat with sliding bearing can not only reduce the friction coefficient, but also improve the stability of the first stator assembly and the first rotor assembly, and the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly by setting the straight cylinder bearings between the first stator assembly and the first rotor assembly, and setting the edge-winding bearings between the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of heliostat manufacturing technology, and in particular to a heliostat with a sliding bearing. Background Technology

[0002] Heliostats are key components of solar tower thermal power plants, mainly used in tower solar thermal power generation and solar furnaces, and their cost accounts for more than 50% of the total investment in the power plant.

[0003] The design of heliostat fields strives for large-scale operation, reducing mechanical costs but increasing system costs. The complexity of the heliostat's transmission mechanism and the high tracking accuracy requirements significantly increase manufacturing costs. For example, patent application CN202411424617.6 discloses a heliostat support comprising a base, an azimuth drive device, a connecting seat, a mirror frame, and an elevation drive device. The azimuth drive device connects the base and the connecting seat, and the mirror frame is rotatably connected to the connecting seat. At least one of the connecting seat and the output end of the azimuth drive device is connected to the mirror frame via the elevation drive device. The azimuth drive device drives and adjusts the azimuth angle of the connecting seat, thereby driving and adjusting the azimuth angle of the mirror frame. The elevation drive device drives and adjusts the elevation angle of the mirror frame. The azimuth and elevation drive devices enable the mirror frame to track the sun's motion.

[0004] Because the azimuth and elevation angle drive devices continuously track the sun's movement when it is in the sun, the connecting seat and the frame are constantly rotating. Since the heliostat is always in the field, smooth rotation between the connecting seat and the frame is crucial. Therefore, a sliding bearing is installed between the connecting seat and the frame to ensure smooth rotation. Currently, a layer of lubricating oil is often applied to the sliding bearing to allow the frame to rotate smoothly on the connecting seat without jamming. However, during use, this lubricating oil deteriorates over time, and jamming can still occur. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a heliostat with a sliding bearing to solve the above problems.

[0006] A heliostat with sliding bearings includes a base, a direction control mechanism disposed on the base, and an angle control mechanism disposed on the direction control mechanism. The direction control mechanism includes at least two cylindrical bearings. The angle control mechanism includes at least two rolled bearings. The rolled bearings and the cylindrical bearings are made of the same material. The cylindrical bearing includes a substrate layer, a copper mesh layer adhered to the substrate layer, and a self-lubricating layer adhered to and embedded in the copper mesh layer. The porosity of the copper mesh layer is between 40% and 60%, and the number of pores per square centimeter is 30 to 50. A portion of the self-lubricating layer is embedded in the pores of the copper mesh layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the direction control mechanism is an external rotor type brushless motor.

[0008] Furthermore, the direction control mechanism includes a first stator assembly fixed on the base and a first rotor assembly sleeved on the first stator assembly, with the cylindrical bearings respectively disposed at both ends of the stator assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle control mechanism is an external rotor type brushless motor.

[0010] Furthermore, the angle control mechanism also includes a base frame disposed on the direction control mechanism, a second stator assembly rotatably disposed on the base frame, and two second rotor assemblies respectively disposed at both ends of the second stator assembly, with the rolled edge bearings respectively disposed between the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the base frame includes a connection portion connected to the first rotor assembly and an insertion portion for inserting the second stator assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the substrate layer is made of steel, which is composed of iron, carbon, manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur.

[0013] Furthermore, the material of the copper mesh layer is mainly composed of copper, tin, and phosphorus, wherein the weight percentage content of tin is 6.0% to 7.0%, the weight percentage content of phosphorus is 0.1% to 0.25%, and the remainder is copper.

[0014] Furthermore, the heliostat with sliding bearings also includes two mirror frames respectively disposed on the second rotor assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, each of the eyeglass frames includes a support rod fixedly connected to the second rotor assembly, and two connecting rods disposed on both sides of the support rod.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the heliostat with sliding bearings provided by this utility model reduces the coefficient of friction and improves the stability of the first stator assembly and the first rotor assembly, as well as the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly, by setting the straight cylindrical bearing between the first stator assembly and the first rotor assembly, and the rolled edge bearing between the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly. The straight cylindrical bearing and the rolled edge bearing are made of the same material, namely, a substrate layer, a copper mesh layer, and a self-lubricating layer. By setting the structure of the copper mesh layer, specifically by setting the porosity and the number of pores per square centimeter, the bonding force between the substrate layer and the self-lubricating layer is ensured while balancing the lifespan of the copper mesh layer, making its lifespan essentially the same as that of the self-lubricating layer 2. This maximizes sufficient lubrication capability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heliostat with a sliding bearing provided by this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded structural diagram of a heliostat with sliding bearings.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the plate used to manufacture sliding bearings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in further detail below. It should be understood that the description of the embodiments of this utility model herein is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a heliostat with sliding bearings provided by this utility model. The heliostat with sliding bearings is used in a heliostat. The heliostat includes a base 10, a direction control mechanism 20 disposed on the base 10, an angle control mechanism 30 disposed on the direction control mechanism 20, and two mirror frames 40 disposed on the angle control mechanisms 30. It is understood that the heliostat also includes other functional modules, such as assembly components, electrical connection components, and heliostats fixed to the mirror frames 40, etc., which are technologies known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0022] The base 10 is used to fix the entire heliostat, which can be fixed in the foundation (not shown) by fasteners such as bolts, just like a street lamp. Therefore, it is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0023] The direction control mechanism 20 is an external rotor type brushless motor. Its core feature is that the stator, i.e., the coil part, is fixed inside the motor's central shaft, while the rotor, i.e., the permanent magnet or magnetic conductive structure, rotates around the stator. This is also a prior art technology and will not be described in detail here. Figure 1 The diagram only schematically illustrates its basic structure. The direction control mechanism 20 includes a first stator assembly 21 fixed to the base 10, a first rotor assembly 22 sleeved on the first stator assembly 21, and at least two cylindrical bearings 23 respectively disposed at both ends of the stator assembly 21. The first stator assembly 21 is fixed to the base 10 and will not rotate. The first rotor assembly 22 rotates when energized. To improve the lifespan and smooth operation of the direction control mechanism 20, at least two cylindrical bearings 23 are provided between the first stator assembly 21 and the first rotor assembly 22. These cylindrical bearings 23 are sliding bearings.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the cylindrical bearing 23 includes a substrate layer 231, a copper mesh layer 232 bonded to the substrate layer 231, and a self-lubricating layer 233 bonded to and embedded in the copper mesh layer 232.

[0025] The substrate layer 231 can be made of steel, which is composed of iron, carbon, manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur. The weight percentage of carbon is less than 0.15%, manganese is less than 0.6%, phosphorus is less than 0.1%, sulfur is less than 0.025%, and the remainder is iron. The thickness of the substrate layer made of the above materials is 80 HBW to 130 HBW. The thickness of the substrate layer 21 is 1 to 2 mm. Since the heliostat is located outdoors year-round, its corrosion resistance and dust resistance are very important. Therefore, the side of the substrate layer 231 facing away from the copper mesh layer 232 should undergo anti-corrosion surface treatment, such as galvanizing or spraying paint. Another anti-corrosion treatment method with a longer service life is aluminum-clad steel, which involves coating the steel with an aluminum layer. It is mainly made using Conclad extrusion and powder metallurgy technology, and combines high strength, excellent electrical conductivity, and corrosion resistance. In this embodiment, the substrate layer 21 is aluminum-clad steel.

[0026] The copper mesh layer 232 can be made of punched or woven copper mesh. The material of the copper mesh layer 232 is mainly composed of copper, tin, and phosphorus, wherein the weight percentage of tin is 6.0%–7.0%, the weight percentage of phosphorus is 0.1%–0.25%, and the remainder is copper. It is understood that impurities will inevitably be introduced during the raw material production process, but the total weight percentage of impurities should be less than 0.5%. The thickness of the copper mesh layer 22 is 0.1–0.5 mm. The main function of the copper mesh layer 22 is as an over-plating layer to improve the bonding force between the substrate layer 231 and the self-lubricating layer 233. The porosity of the copper mesh layer 22 is between 40% and 60%. In this invention, the copper mesh layer 22 not only needs to have a certain strength to ensure the bonding force between the substrate layer 231 and the self-lubricating layer 233, but more importantly, it needs to accommodate and embed more of the lubricating material of the self-lubricating layer 233 to ensure its lubrication performance. When the heliostat is used in sunny and open areas such as Northwest China, the climate is often harsh, with strong winds, sandstorms, and large temperature differences. Therefore, a balance between bonding strength and lubrication performance needs to be found. Consequently, the porosity of the copper mesh layer 22 is between 40% and 60%, and the number of pores per square centimeter is 30 to 50. By setting the porosity and the number of pores, the self-lubricating material in the pores is used up when the bonding strength of the copper mesh layer 232 reaches the end of its lifespan, i.e., when it loses its bonding strength, at which point it reaches the end of its lifespan and can be replaced.

[0027] The self-lubricating layer 233 is a mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a friction-reducing material, a reinforcing material, and a viscous mineral oil. The PTFE content is 50%–65% by weight, the friction-reducing material is 10%–30% by weight, the reinforcing material is 10%–30% by weight, and the solid mineral oil content is 10%–15%, but the total content is 100%. PTFE itself is existing technology and widely used in the self-lubricating field; therefore, it will not be described in detail here. The filler material can be a friction-reducing material and / or a reinforcing material. The friction-reducing material can be graphite, molybdenum disulfide, etc., and the reinforcing material can be carbon materials, bismuth, etc. The filler material can be selected according to actual needs. The viscous mineral oil can be paraffin wax, soap-based mineral oil, etc. The thickness of the self-lubricating layer 23 is between 3 mm and 5 mm.

[0028] The substrate layer 231 and the copper mesh layer 232 are bonded together by an adhesive, which can be a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer. The fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, i.e., FEP, is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene, and is existing technology, so it will not be described in detail here. The fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer acts as an adhesive and has good thermal stability and chemical resistance. After the substrate layer 231 and the copper mesh layer 232 are bonded together, the polytetrafluoroethylene, friction-reducing material, and reinforcing material in the self-lubricating material are sintered at high temperature. After sintering, while the temperature is still between 60°C and 80°C, a viscous mineral oil is sprayed or coated, allowing it to penetrate into the pores of the polytetrafluoroethylene, friction-reducing material, and reinforcing material. After final rolling and curing, the bearing is formed. The self-lubricating layer 233 is located on the radial outer wall of the bearing. After rolling, the self-lubricating material is embedded in the pores of the copper mesh layer 232, thereby causing a portion of the self-lubricating layer 233 to be embedded in the pores of the copper mesh layer 232.

[0029] After the above-mentioned sheet material production is completed, its friction and wear properties, compression set, and bonding strength should be tested. The testing methods themselves are existing technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0030] The angle control mechanism 30 includes a base frame 31 disposed on the direction control mechanism 20, a second stator assembly 32 rotatably disposed on the base frame 31, two second rotor assemblies 33 respectively disposed at both ends of the second stator assembly 32, and two rolled bearings 34 respectively disposed between the second stator assembly 32 and the second rotor assembly 33.

[0031] The basic structure of the angle control mechanism 30 is the same as that of the direction control mechanism 20, also being an external rotor brushless motor. Specifically, the second stator assembly 32 is fixed to the base frame 31, and two second rotor assemblies 33 rotate around the second stator assembly 32. It is conceivable that the two second rotor assemblies 33 should rotate synchronously. When the second rotor assemblies 33 rotate, the angle of the mirror frame 40 in the vertical direction can be adjusted. When combined with the angle adjustment of the direction control mechanism 20, an angle adjustment within a hemispherical angle range of at least 180 degrees can be achieved.

[0032] The base frame 31 is fixedly mounted on the first rotor assembly 22 of the direction control mechanism 20. Therefore, when the first rotor assembly 22 rotates, the base frame 31 can rotate accordingly, achieving the purpose of adjusting the angle in the horizontal direction. The base frame 31 includes a connecting part 311 connected to the first rotor assembly 22 and an insertion part 312 for inserting the second stator assembly 32. The connecting part 311 is fixedly connected to the first rotor assembly 22, and the connection method can be through fasteners such as bolts. The fastener can be screwed into the first rotor assembly 22 from the side of the connecting part 311 of the base frame 31 facing the insertion part. In this embodiment, the fastener and its setting position are not shown for the sake of drawing convenience, but it should be existing technology. The insertion part 312 is used to insert the second stator assembly 32 and can fix the second stator assembly 32. Therefore, in order to achieve this function, a keyway and a key or other component that matches the keyway can be provided in the insertion part 312. The fixing method and fixing structure itself are existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] The material used for the rolled bearing 34 is the same as that used for the straight bearing 23, and will not be described again here. The rolled bearing 34 has a rolled edge extending in the radial direction at one end of its axial direction.

[0034] The two lens frames 40 are respectively fixedly mounted on the two second rotor assemblies 32 of the angle control mechanism 30. Each lens frame 40 includes a support rod 41 fixedly connected to the second rotor assembly 32, and two connecting rods 42 disposed on both sides of the support rod 41. One end of the support rod 41 is fixed to the second rotor assembly 32 and moves with the second rotor assembly 32 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the angle. The other end of the support rod 41 is fixed to the sun mirror. One end of each of the two connecting rods 42 is connected to the support rod 41, and the other end is fixed to the sun mirror. Both connecting rods 42 and the support rod 41 form a triangular structure, thus providing a stable structure.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the heliostat with sliding bearings provided by this utility model not only reduces the coefficient of friction but also improves the stability of the first stator assembly 21 and the first rotor assembly 22, as well as the second stator assembly 32 and the second rotor assembly 33, by setting the straight cylindrical bearing 23 between the first stator assembly 21 and the first rotor assembly 22, and the rolled edge bearing 34 between the second stator assembly 32 and the second rotor assembly 33. The straight cylindrical bearing 23 and the rolled edge bearing 34 are made of the same material, namely, a substrate layer 231, a copper mesh layer 232, and a self-lubricating layer 233. By setting the structure of the copper mesh layer 232, that is, by setting the porosity and the number of pores per square centimeter, the bonding force between the substrate layer 231 and the self-lubricating layer 233 is ensured while balancing the lifespan of the copper mesh layer 232, making the lifespan of the copper mesh layer 232 essentially the same as that of the self-lubricating layer 233, thus maximizing sufficient lubrication capacity. In processing the self-lubricating layer 233, the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), friction-reducing material, and reinforcing material in the self-lubricating material are first sintered with the copper mesh layer 232, allowing these materials to fill the pores of the copper mesh layer 233. After sintering, while the temperature is still between 60°C and 80°C, the viscous mineral oil is sprayed or coated, allowing it to penetrate into the pores of the PTFE, friction-reducing material, and reinforcing material. After final rolling and curing, it is rolled into the straight cylindrical bearing 23 and the rolled edge bearing 34. The bearings prepared from the above materials not only provide sufficient lubrication but also have sufficient strength, giving them the same lifespan as the copper mesh layer 22. When damaged, the bearing can be directly replaced, thereby reducing the cost of repairing the entire heliostat.

[0036] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements within the spirit of the present utility model are covered within the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A heliostat with a sliding bearing, characterized in that: The heliostat with sliding bearings includes a base, a direction control mechanism disposed on the base, and an angle control mechanism disposed on the direction control mechanism. The direction control mechanism includes at least two cylindrical bearings, and the angle control mechanism includes at least two rolled bearings. The rolled bearings and the cylindrical bearings are made of the same material. The cylindrical bearing includes a substrate layer, a copper mesh layer bonded to the substrate layer, and a self-lubricating layer bonded to and embedded in the copper mesh layer. The porosity of the copper mesh layer is between 40% and 60%, and part of the self-lubricating layer is embedded in the pores of the copper mesh layer.

2. The heliostat with a sliding bearing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The direction control mechanism is an external rotor type brushless motor.

3. The heliostat with a sliding bearing as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The direction control mechanism includes a first stator assembly fixed on the base and a first rotor assembly sleeved on the first stator assembly, with the cylindrical bearings respectively disposed at both ends of the stator assembly.

4. The heliostat with a sliding bearing as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The angle control mechanism is an external rotor type brushless motor.

5. The heliostat with a sliding bearing as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The angle control mechanism further includes a base frame disposed on the direction control mechanism, a second stator assembly rotatably disposed on the base frame, and two second rotor assemblies respectively disposed at both ends of the second stator assembly, with the rolled bearings respectively disposed between the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly.

6. The heliostat with a sliding bearing as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The base frame includes a connection portion for connecting to the first rotor assembly and an insertion portion for inserting the second stator assembly.

7. The heliostat with a sliding bearing as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The heliostat with sliding bearings also includes two mirror frames respectively mounted on the second rotor assembly.

8. The heliostat with a sliding bearing as described in claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the eyeglass frames includes a support rod fixedly connected to the second rotor assembly, and two connecting rods disposed on both sides of the support rod.

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