A solar collector

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of solar energy, specifically relates to a solar heat collecting device, include: support structure includes stand and support, stand vertical setting and for hollow structure, support sets up on the stand, a plurality of heat collecting plates set up on the support, heat collecting plate is used for solar heat collecting, rotating structure includes drive part, pivot, two ratchets and first shaft sleeve, drive part has output, pivot vertical is arranged in the stand, and the output of drive part is connected with the one end of pivot and drives pivot rotation, two ratchets are all fixed in the circumference of pivot and cover, and the direction of the ratchet tooth of two ratchets is opposite, first shaft sleeve is covered in the circumference of two ratchets, and first shaft sleeve penetrates stand, and both ends of first shaft sleeve are rotatably connected with stand, and the inner wall of first shaft sleeve is provided with the clamping groove matched with two ratchets and clamped, and the support is fixed on the side wall of first shaft sleeve. The utility model's advantage lies in can improve heat collecting efficiency, more fully utilize solar heat collecting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar energy technology, specifically to a solar thermal collector. Background Technology

[0002] Solar thermal collectors are an important research direction for the country because they have the industrial capability to convert light energy into heat energy. Compared with traditional fossil fuel heating and photovoltaic heating, they have the advantages of energy saving, emission reduction, and shortening the energy conversion chain. Under the current national policy of sustainable development, the utilization of solar energy has become a key energy form for implementing the concept of green development.

[0003] Current solar thermal collectors are mainly classified into flat-plate, vacuum tube, concentrating matrix, and heating film types. A new method using parabolic reflectors has also been proposed, which uses a curved surface to reflect sunlight onto a heat-collecting device. This method offers superior heat collection compared to traditional collectors. However, these reflective panels are typically placed on the ground. For industrial sites with limited space, large installations are difficult to access, such as oil fields, industrial oil product factories, rubber factories, and paper mills, where heating is required, the required area is large. Furthermore, because the sun's position is constantly changing—the angle of incidence on the reflective panels varies at dawn, dusk, and noon—and these panels are fixed to the ground, the heat collection efficiency is low when the angle of incidence is small, failing to fully utilize solar energy.

[0004] In summary, there is a need for a solar thermal collector that can improve heat collection efficiency and make fuller use of solar energy. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a solar thermal collector that occupies a small area and can improve the heat collection efficiency, making fuller use of solar energy.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is: A solar thermal collector includes: A supporting structure includes a column and a bracket, wherein the column is vertically arranged and has a hollow structure, and the bracket is arranged on the column; Multiple solar collectors are mounted on the support frame, and the solar collectors are used for solar thermal collection. The rotating structure includes a drive component, a rotating shaft, two ratchet wheels, and a first bushing. The drive component has an output end. The rotating shaft is vertically inserted into the column and is coaxial with the column. The output end of the drive component is connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The drive component drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The two ratchet wheels are both fitted and fixed around the circumference of the rotating shaft, and the ratchet teeth of the two ratchet wheels face opposite directions. The first bushing is fitted around the circumference of the two ratchet wheels and passes through the column. The two ends of the first bushing are rotatably connected to the column. The inner wall of the first bushing has a slot that matches and engages with the two ratchet wheels. The bracket is fixed to the side wall of the first bushing.

[0007] Preferably, a second bushing is fitted and fixed on the rotating shaft, the second bushing passes through the column, and both ends of the second bushing are rotatably connected to the column. The bracket is fixed on the side walls of the first bushing and the second bushing.

[0008] Preferably, the support includes: A right-angled triangular frame, wherein the first bushing and the second bushing are disposed at both ends of one right-angled side of the right-angled triangular frame, the first bushing being close to the top of the column and the second bushing being close to the bottom of the column; An arc-shaped frame is disposed on another right-angled side of the right-angled triangular frame. The concave surface of the arc-shaped frame faces the top of the column. Multiple heat collection plates are arc-shaped and are disposed on the concave surface of the arc-shaped frame and match the arc-shaped frame. Adjacent heat collection plates are spaced apart.

[0009] Preferably, the right-angled triangular frame is made of alloy steel.

[0010] Preferably, both ends of the second bushing and both ends of the first bushing are rotatably connected to the column via thrust ball bearings. The bearing race of the thrust ball bearing is fixed in the circumference of the rotating shaft and is fixed to the ends of the second bushing and the first bushing. The bearing seat is fixed to the column.

[0011] Preferably, a support rib is provided between the seat ring of the thrust ball bearing connected to the second bushing and the column.

[0012] Preferably, the central angles of the arc-shaped frame and the heat collection plate are both 40° to 90°.

[0013] Preferably, the central angle of the heat collection plate is 55°.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the solar thermal collector provided by this utility model has the following advantages: This device supports multiple solar collectors via a support structure. A rotating mechanism between the column and the bracket allows the bracket to rotate relative to the column, thus causing the solar collectors to rotate with the bracket. This allows for easy adjustment of the collectors' positions according to the sun's rotation, increasing the area of ​​contact with sunlight and improving heat collection efficiency. Specifically, a drive mechanism rotates a shaft, causing two ratchet wheels mounted on it to rotate. One ratchet's teeth face the same direction as the rotation, pushing against a slot to rotate the first bushing, which in turn rotates the bracket synchronously. The other ratchet's teeth face the opposite direction, moving out of the slot in the opposite direction and being hooked by the next slot. The ratchet with teeth facing the same direction drives the first bushing, while the ratchet with teeth facing the opposite direction locks it in place. The complementary transmission of the two ratchet wheels maximizes the transmission ratio and stability, extending the device's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the rotating structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wind resistance of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the bottom of the column of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following describes a specific embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment.

[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0018] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" refers to two or more. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0020] This device is designed for large-scale industrial sites such as oil fields, lubricant factories, and paper mills that require additional solar thermal collection facilities but cannot use existing solar thermal collection devices that require large installation equipment due to the age of the industrial land. This device will provide a compact and easy-to-install new option for the transformation of their industrial heat energy sources.

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, this utility model provides a solar thermal collector device, comprising: a support structure, a collector plate 3, and a rotating structure 4. In this embodiment, the support structure includes a column 1 and a bracket 2. The column 1 is vertically arranged and has a hollow structure. The bottom of the column 1 is fixed to the ground by anchor nails or other structures. The bracket 2 is mounted on the column 1. Multiple collector plates 3 are mounted on the bracket 2. The bracket 2 and the column 1 mainly serve to support the multiple collector plates 3. The collector plates 3 are used for solar thermal collection, primarily by reflecting sunlight to a heat source. The side of the collector plate 3 facing the sun is coated with a mirror-like coating or other coating to facilitate the reflection of sunlight. The solar energy is reflected to achieve solar heat collection. In this embodiment, the rotating structure 4 is set between the column 1 and the support 2, so that the support 2 can rotate relative to the column 1. This allows the heat collection plate 3 to rotate with the support 2, and the position of the heat collection plate 3 can be adjusted according to the rotation of the sun. This ensures that the sunlight is always reflected by the heat collection plate 3 and then reflected to the heat collection device. In this embodiment, the rotating structure 4 includes a driving component 41, a rotating shaft 42, two ratchet wheels 43, and a first bushing 44. The driving component 41 has an output end, and the rotating shaft 42 is vertically inserted into the column 1. The rotating shaft 42 is coaxially arranged with the column 1. The output end of the drive component 41 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 42. The drive component 41 is used to drive the rotating shaft 42 to rotate. In this embodiment, the drive component 41 is a motor and is located at the top of the column 1. Depending on the actual situation, it can also be a servo motor or other rotary drive structure. Both ratchet wheels 43 are fitted and fixed around the rotating shaft 42, and the ratchet teeth of the two ratchet wheels 43 face opposite directions, that is, the teeth are mutually reversed, that is, the tips of the ratchet teeth face opposite directions, one is clockwise and the other is counterclockwise. The first bushing 44 is fitted on the two ratchet wheels. The first bushing 44 passes through the column 1 and is circumferentially connected to the first bushing 43. Specifically, one opening of the column 1 divides the column 1 into two sections, and the two sections of the column 1 are connected together by the first bushing 44. At the same time, the two ends of the first bushing 44 are rotatably connected to the column 1, that is, the first bushing 44 can rotate relative to the column 1. The inner wall of the first bushing 44 is provided with a groove that matches and engages with the two ratchet wheels 43. That is, a groove is provided around the inner wall of the first bushing 44 along its circumference. The groove matches the shape of the ratchet teeth of the two ratchet wheels 43. The bracket 2 is fixed on the side wall of the first bushing 44.

[0022] Based on the above working principle, this device supports multiple heat collection plates 3 through a support structure. Simultaneously, a rotating structure 4 is installed between the column 1 and the bracket 2, allowing the bracket 2 to rotate relative to the column 1. This, in turn, causes the heat collection plates 3 to rotate with the bracket 2. This is to facilitate adjusting the position of the heat collection plates 3 according to the sun's rotation. Figure 2The solar collector plate 3 oscillates according to the changing position of the sun, increasing the area of ​​the solar collector plate 3 in contact with light and improving the heat collection efficiency. This ensures that sunlight is always reflected back to the heat source device after passing through the solar collector plate 3, further enhancing heat collection efficiency. Specifically, the drive component 41 drives the rotating shaft 42 to rotate, causing two ratchet wheels 43 mounted on it to rotate. One ratchet wheel 43 has its ratchet teeth aligned with the rotation direction, meaning the tips of the ratchet teeth push against the slot, driving the first bushing 44 to rotate, thus causing the bracket 2 to rotate synchronously. The other ratchet wheel 43 has its ratchet teeth aligned with the rotation direction, meaning the tips of the ratchet teeth move out of the slot in the opposite direction and are simultaneously hooked by the next slot. The ratchet wheel 43 with its ratchet teeth aligned with the rotation direction can drive the first bushing 44 to rotate, while the ratchet wheel 43 with its ratchet teeth aligned with the rotation direction can lock and prevent loosening. The two ratchet wheels 43 have complementary transmissions, maximizing the transmission ratio and stability, and extending the service life of the device. In this embodiment, a NEMA stepper motor is used in conjunction with two ratchet wheels 43 for bidirectional transmission. The motor is driven bidirectionally by a PLC. The motor's drive program is preset, such as how many revolutions per hour to follow the sun. This allows the motor to work according to the preset program and adjust the position of the heat collection plate 3.

[0023] This device, while facilitating installation, also incorporates a transmission mechanism. This allows adjustment of the collector plate 3's position based on the sun's location, increasing its contact area with light and achieving basic heat collection requirements. It satisfies basic needs while increasing collection efficiency, ensuring a sufficient heat supply. The ultimate goal is to achieve a 90-degree rotation of the collector plate 3 around the axis 42, driven by the support 2, under specific conditions. Specifically, it allows for longitudinal alignment during the early morning and evening when incident light is weak, and lateral alignment during midday when the light angle is higher. Unlike traditional heat collection devices, this device utilizes a rotational axis, ensuring the collector plate 3 remains horizontal and its focal point is constant. The rotation of the collector plate 3 with the support 2 only requires consideration of the incident light angle.

[0024] Furthermore, a second bushing 45 is fixedly fitted onto the rotating shaft 42. The second bushing 45 passes through the column 1, and similarly divides the column 1 into two sections through the second bushing 45. The two sections of the column 1 are connected and supported by the second bushing 45. The two ends of the second bushing 45 are rotatably connected to the column 1, that is, the second bushing 45 can rotate relative to the column 1. The bracket 2 is fixed to the side walls of the first bushing 44 and the second bushing 45. In this embodiment, the second bushing 45 enhances the support for the bracket 2, making the bracket 2 more stable when rotating.

[0025] This embodiment provides a specific configuration of a bracket 2. Further, the bracket 2 includes: a right-angled triangular frame 21 and an arc-shaped frame 22. For example... Figure 1As shown, the first bushing 44 and the second bushing 45 are located at both ends of one right-angled side of the right-angled triangular frame 21. The first bushing 44 is close to the top of the column 1, and the second bushing 45 is close to the bottom of the column 1. That is, the first bushing 44, which is connected to the ratchet 43, is located at the top of the column 1 and is directly fixed to the rotating shaft 42. The second bushing 45 is located at the bottom of the column 1. The arc-shaped frame 22 is located on the other right-angled side of the right-angled triangular frame 21, that is, this right-angled side is located at the top of the column 1. The concave surface of the arc-shaped frame 22 faces the top of the column 1, that is, the concave surface of the arc-shaped frame 22 faces upward. The multiple heat collection plates 3 are arc-shaped and are located on the concave surface of the arc-shaped frame 22 and match the arc-shaped frame 22, that is, the concave surface of the heat collection plates 3 also faces upward. Above, multiple heat collection plates 3 are also located at the top of the column 1 near the first bushing 44. Therefore, two ratchet wheels 43 are installed inside the first bushing 44 for transmission, increasing support and stability, and providing support and protection for the multiple heat collection plates 3. Adjacent heat collection plates 3 are spaced apart. The right-angled triangular frame 21 and the arc-shaped frame 22 are both openwork frames, meaning there are gaps between adjacent heat collection plates 3 and between the arc-shaped frames 22. This allows the arc surfaces of the heat collection plates 3 and the arc-shaped frames 22 to guide the wind direction when airflow blows towards them, directing the wind to the gaps between adjacent heat collection plates 3 and between the arc-shaped frames 22. This reduces the wind force blowing towards the outer surface of the heat collection plates 3 and the arc-shaped frames 22, improving the wind resistance of this design. In this embodiment, the heat collection plate 3 is 2m long, 1m wide, and 4m thick.

[0026] Furthermore, the right-angled triangular frame 21 is made of alloy steel. Based on wind force analysis, the use of alloy steel for the right-angled triangular frame 21 allows for a lightweight design of the support structure, ensuring the rotational stability of the mechanical structure, making the device lighter, saving costs, and easier to install. It also facilitates manual assembly of the components, thus achieving the goal of simple installation. On the other hand... Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the arrow indicates the wind direction, and the right-angled triangular frame 21 is a hollow frame. The hollow part can ensure that the airflow can pass through directly, which greatly reduces the wind resistance and improves the stability of the structure. At the same time, the hollow frame, together with the alloy steel material, also gives the right-angled triangular frame 21 the ability to undergo a certain degree of elastic deformation, further reducing the wind resistance and improving the stability of the structure.

[0027] This device is positioned as a lightweight and simple solar thermal collector for existing industries. The working site is an outdoor area. It is necessary to consider the simplification design while ensuring that the device has a certain degree of wind resistance. Therefore, lightweight design is adopted between the multiple collector plates 3 with the largest wind exposure area and on the right-angled triangular frame 21 and the arc-shaped frame 22.

[0028] Example 2 As a further improvement based on Example 1, such as Figure 3, Figure 4 As shown, furthermore, both ends of the second bushing 45 and both ends of the first bushing 44 are rotatably connected to the column 1 via thrust ball bearings 46. The bearing rings of the thrust ball bearings 46 are fixed in the circumference of the rotating shaft 42 and are fixed to the ends of the second bushing 45 and the first bushing 44. The seat rings of the thrust ball bearings 46 are fixed to the column 1. In this embodiment, thrust ball bearings 46 are respectively provided at both ends of the second bushing 45 and both ends of the first bushing 44, that is, a total of four thrust ball bearings 46 are provided. The two thrust ball bearings 46 on the first bushing 44 are respectively located on the opposite sides of the two ratchet wheels 43, realizing the motion isolation between the first bushing 44 and the column 1; the two thrust ball bearings 46 on the second bushing 45 are respectively located at the ends of the second bushing 45 connected to the column 1 on both sides, realizing the motion isolation between the second bushing 45 and the column 1. In this embodiment, the first bushing 44 and the second bushing 45 are rotated relative to the column 1 by setting a thrust ball bearing 46. At the same time, both ends are equipped to reduce friction and ensure the stability of the rotation process.

[0029] like Figure 6 As shown, further, a support rib 47 is provided between the seat ring of the thrust ball bearing 46 connected to the second bushing 45 and the column 1. The support rib 47 is triangular, which makes it more stable. The support rib 47 is provided between the seat ring of the thrust ball bearing 46 and the column 1 to improve the strength of the device, enhance the stability between the second bushing 45 and the column 1, and also enhance the stability between the second bushing 45 and the bracket 2.

[0030] In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as in embodiment 1, except that optimizations have been made to embodiment 1.

[0031] Example 3 As a further improvement on Embodiment 1, the central angles of the arc-shaped frame 22 and the heat collection plate 3 are both between 40° and 90°, with an optimal value of 55°. Within this range, the light absorption capacity is strongest and the efficiency is highest. When the central angle between the arc-shaped frame 22 and the heat collection plate 3 is less than 40°, the overall width of the heat collection plate 3 is relatively short, resulting in insufficient light energy utilization. When the central angle between the arc-shaped frame 22 and the heat collection plate 3 is greater than 90°, the overall width of the heat collection plate 3 is relatively long. Although the light energy utilization is improved, the material cost is too high, and the overall support strength is insufficient, which also has a certain impact on the incident angle.

[0032] In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as in embodiment 1, except that optimizations have been made to embodiment 1.

[0033] Based on the above, this device, through its lightweight design, significantly reduces its overall weight and the number of assembly components, offering cost savings and ease of transportation for industries with high demand for solar energy transformation. The device's simplified mechanical installation design transforms the previously complex and cumbersome installation process of solar thermal collectors into a simple, pendulum-type solar thermal collector arc mechanism that can be installed manually for industrial applications. This completely eliminates the reliance on large installation mechanisms, facilitating rapid installation and application in compact industrial spaces. The pendulum-like motion, combined with the arc-shaped design of the collector plate 3, makes the mechanical movement of the solar thermal collector plate 3 significantly simpler compared to existing solar thermal collectors, providing a new heat collection solution to improve solar energy efficiency and ensuring that the heat collection efficiency meets industrial requirements.

[0034] The advantages of this invention are as follows: the device supports multiple heat collection plates through a support structure, and a rotating structure is set between the column and the bracket, allowing the bracket to rotate relative to the column. This rotation causes the heat collection plates to rotate with the bracket, facilitating adjustments to the position of the heat collection plates according to the sun's rotation, increasing the area of ​​the heat collection plates in contact with light, and improving heat collection efficiency. Specifically, a driving component drives a rotating shaft to rotate, causing two ratchet wheels mounted on it to rotate. One ratchet wheel has its teeth aligned with the rotation direction, meaning the tips of the ratchet teeth push against a slot, driving the first bushing to rotate, which in turn causes the bracket to rotate synchronously. The other ratchet wheel has its teeth aligned with the rotation direction, meaning the tips of the ratchet teeth move out of the slot in the opposite direction and are simultaneously hooked by the next slot. The ratchet wheel with its teeth aligned with the rotation direction can drive the first bushing to rotate, while the ratchet wheel with its teeth aligned with the rotation direction can lock and prevent loosening. The two ratchet wheels complement each other, maximizing the transmission ratio and stability, and extending the service life of the device.

[0035] The above-disclosed embodiments are only a few specific examples of the present utility model. However, the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A solar thermal collector, characterized in that, include: The supporting structure includes a column (1) and a bracket (2), wherein the column (1) is vertically arranged and has a hollow structure, and the bracket (2) is arranged on the column (1); Multiple heat collection plates (3) are mounted on the bracket (2), and the heat collection plates (3) are used for solar energy collection; The rotating structure (4) includes a drive member (41), a rotating shaft (42), two ratchet wheels (43), and a first bushing (44). The drive member (41) has an output end. The rotating shaft (42) is vertically inserted into the column (1) and is coaxial with the column (1). The output end of the drive member (41) is connected to one end of the rotating shaft (42). The drive member (41) is used to drive the rotating shaft (42) to rotate. Both ratchet wheels (43) are fixedly mounted on the shaft. The first bushing (44) is fixed in the circumference of the rotating shaft (42), and the ratchet teeth of the two ratchets (43) face opposite directions. The first bushing (44) is fitted in the circumference of the two ratchets (43), and the first bushing (44) passes through the column (1). The two ends of the first bushing (44) are rotatably connected to the column (1). The inner wall of the first bushing (44) is provided with a slot that matches and engages with the two ratchets (43). The bracket (2) is fixed on the side wall of the first bushing (44).

2. The solar thermal collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second bushing (45) is fitted and fixed on the rotating shaft (42). The second bushing (45) passes through the column (1). Both ends of the second bushing (45) are rotatably connected to the column (1). The bracket (2) is fixed on the side wall of the first bushing (44) and the second bushing (45).

3. A solar thermal collector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support (2) includes: A right-angled triangular frame (21) is provided with a first bushing (44) and a second bushing (45) at both ends of a right-angled side of the right-angled triangular frame (21). The first bushing (44) is close to the top of the column (1), and the second bushing (45) is close to the bottom of the column (1). An arc-shaped frame (22) is set on another right-angled side of the right-angled triangular frame (21). The concave surface of the arc-shaped frame (22) faces the top of the column (1). Multiple heat collection plates (3) are arc-shaped. Multiple heat collection plates (3) are set on the concave surface of the arc-shaped frame (22) and match the arc-shaped frame (22). Adjacent heat collection plates (3) are spaced apart.

4. A solar thermal collector according to claim 3, characterized in that, The right-angled triangular frame (21) is made of alloy steel.

5. A solar thermal collector according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both ends of the second bushing (45) and both ends of the first bushing (44) are rotatably connected to the column (1) through a thrust ball bearing (46). The ring of the thrust ball bearing (46) is fixed in the circumference of the rotating shaft (42) and is fixed to the ends of the second bushing (45) and the first bushing (44). The seat ring of the thrust ball bearing (46) is fixed to the column (1).

6. A solar thermal collector according to claim 5, characterized in that, A support rib (47) is provided between the seat ring of the thrust ball bearing (46) connected to the second bushing (45) and the column (1).

7. A solar thermal collector according to claim 3, characterized in that, The central angles of the arc-shaped frame (22) and the heat collection plate (3) are both 40°~90°.

8. A solar thermal collector according to claim 6, characterized in that, The central angle of the heat collection plate (3) is 55°.

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